【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题状语从句（19页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题状语从句（19页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习状语从句 学习目标 状语从句是每年高考的必考点之一，在单项填空、完形填空中都会有所体现。从近几年的高考题来看，连接词在具体语境中的运用，尤其是连接词语义的延伸，是高考命题的重点，因此在一轮的复习过程中要多加注意。另外还要注意状语从句与定语从句和名词性从句的判断；状语从句与非谓语动词的关系；状语从句与强调句的辨别等问题。‎ 状语从句在复合句中作状语。根据句子的含义，它可表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、行为方式、比较、让步等。状语从句通常由一个连词引导，有时由一个起连词作用的词组引导。‎ 考点串讲 一、 各种状语从句分类及其连词一览表 类型 连词(词组)‎ 时间状语从句 when，as，while，before，after，since，once，till/until，as soon as，hardly…when…，no sooner…than，the moment，immediately，directly, instantly, every time, each time, next time, the first time 原因状语从句 because，as，since(既然)，in that，seeing (that)，now (that)，considering (that)‎ 地点状语从句 where，wherever 条件状语从句 if，unless，as long as，in case，supposing，on condition that，providing，provided (that), suppose (that)，only if 类型 连词(词组)‎ 让步状语从句 ‎(as) though，even if/though，while，however，whatever，no matter…‎ 结果状语从句 so…that…， so that, such…that…‎ 目的状语从句 so that，in order that, in case, for fear that 方式状语从句 as，just as，as if/though 比较状语从句 as…as，than，the more…the more 如：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎1． [2009·辽宁卷] It just isn't fair. I was working as a waiter last month, ________ my friends were lying on the beach. ‎ ‎ A．whenever B．though ‎ C．for D．while ‎ 【解析】 D　while 在这里表对比。句意为：这太不公了，上个月我在做服务生的工作，而我的朋友们躺在海滩上。‎ ‎2． [2009·湖南卷] ________ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him. ‎ ‎ A．Although B．As long as ‎ C．If only D．As soon as ‎ 【解析】 A　句意为：尽管警察认为他最有可能，但是由于没有确凿的证据，他们不能逮捕他。although引导让步状语从句。选A。as long as意为“只要”，表示条件；if only也表示条件，但后接虚拟语气；as soon as意为“一……就……”，表示时间。‎ 二、学习状语从句应该注意的几个问题 ‎ 状语从句考查热点在引导时间、地点、条件、让步、比较、原因、目的及方式状语从句的连词及时态等方面。要选择正确的连词，需要正确理解句子的含义，准确判断主从句的逻辑关系，同时还要注意区分词义相近的连词、介词和副词。在备考中，要注意以下四点：‎ ‎1． 注意连词的选用 ‎ 不同的状语从句使用不同的连词，有时同一个连接词可连接不同的从句，表示不同的意义。‎ 如：Take your umbrella in case it should rain.‎ ‎ 带上你的雨伞，以防下雨。(目的状语从句)‎ ‎ In case there's a fire, what will you do first？万一发生火灾，你首先会做什么？(条件状语从句， in case通常在句首)‎ ‎2． 注意主句和状语从句的时态 ‎ 在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，从句的时态往往有一定的限制。 一般来说，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时或现在完成时。如：‎ ‎ I'll go if he invites me. ‎ ‎ You can't leave until you have done your homework. ‎ ‎ No matter what he does, he can't get praise from his father. ‎ ‎3． 注意倒装语序 ‎ not until…， no sooner…than…， hardly…when…等引导的句子，句子的主句部分的语序需要作一些调整，而状语从句用正常语序。但是as(引导让步状语从句)，no matter how等，从句部分的语序需要做些调整。如：‎ ‎ No sooner had she got there than she called me up. (no sooner所在部分使用了倒装结构)‎ ‎ No matter how rich he is, he is not happy. ‎ ‎ Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. ‎ ‎4． 注意状语从句的简化(紧缩现象)‎ ‎ 有些表示时间、地点、条件、方式或让步的状语从句，如果谓语部分含有动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致(或相同)，或从句主语为it，常把从句中的主语和谓语动词的一部分(特别是be)省略掉。如：‎ ‎ Look out for cars while crossing the street. ‎ ‎ He said that he would like to offer help if necessary. ‎ ‎ The inspector looked round, as if (he was) in search of something. ‎ 错误罗列 ‎1． 【误】 In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they are going to survive. ‎ ‎ 【正】 In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they are to survive. ‎ ‎ 【解析】 if从句中不能用表示将来的will, be going to等，但可以使用if sb./sth. is to do sth. 结构。‎ ‎2． 【误】 You will be late unless you will leave immediately. ‎ ‎ 【正】 You will be late unless you leave immediately. ‎ ‎ 【解析】 时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来意义。‎ ‎3． 【误】 Stay there where you are. ‎ ‎ 【正】 Stay where you are. ‎ ‎ 【解析】 where可以引导从句作地点状语，因此there是多余的，此句也可以是：Stay in the place where you are. 此时where引导的是定语从句。‎ ‎4． 【误】 Mum would not let him buy it, as if he had enough money!‎ ‎ 【正】 Mum would not let him buy it, even if he had enough money!‎ ‎ 【解析】 从前后两个句子之间的逻辑关系可知，应用even if。even if即使；as if好像。‎ ‎5． 【误】 Not until I began to work I realized how much time I had wasted. ‎ ‎ 【正】 Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. ‎ ‎ 【解析】 not until…置于句首时，主句应使用倒装。‎ ‎6. 【误】 I won't agree with no matter what you may say. ‎ ‎ 【正】 I won't agree with whatever you may say. ‎ ‎ 【正】 Whatever/ No matter what you may say, I won't agree. ‎ ‎ 【解析】 whatever引导的从句作agree ‎ with的宾语，即作宾语从句，whatever不能与no matter what替换。而引导状语从句时可替换，如第二句话。‎ 真题链接 ‎1． [2010·上海卷] ________ our manager objects to Tom's joining the club，we shall accept him as a member. ‎ ‎ A．Until B．Unless C．If D．After ‎ 【解析】 B　考查连词。句意为：除非我们经理反对Tom加入俱乐部，不然我们都应接受他成为其中的一员。‎ ‎2．[2009·重庆卷] Peter was so excited ________ he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing. ‎ ‎ A．where B．that C．why D．when ‎ 【解析】 D　句意为：当皮特收到朋友的邀请来参观重庆时，他非常兴奋。when引导了时间状语从句， 该题易误选B。that 不能作为答案的原因是前后的逻辑关系不成立。‎ ‎3. [2010·全国卷Ⅰ] Mary made coffee ________ her guests were finishing their meal. ‎ ‎ A．so that B．although C．while D．as if ‎ 【解析】 C　考查状语从句引导词的用法。while这里表示“在……期间”。‎ ‎4． [2010·重庆卷] Today，we will begin ________ we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. ‎ ‎ A．when B．where C．how D．what ‎ 【解析】 B　考查状语从句引导词。where在这里引导地点状语从句。句意为：今天我们从昨天停止的地方开始，这样就不会遗漏要点了。‎ ‎5． [2009·上海卷] You can't borrow books from the school library ________ you get your student card. ‎ ‎ A．before B．if C．while D．as ‎ 【解析】 A　句意为：在你拿到学生证之前，你不能从学校图书馆借书。‎ ‎6． You may wear the clothes ________ you wash them afterwards. ‎ ‎ A．so far as B．as long as ‎ C．in case D．even if ‎ 【解析】 B　考查状语从句的用法。句意为：只要你后来把衣服洗干净，你就可以穿它们。as long as只要。‎ ‎7． ________ the Internet is of great help, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it. ‎ ‎ A．If B．While C．Because D．As ‎ 【解析】 B　考查连词辨析。句意为：尽管因特网很有帮助，但我认为在上面花太多时间不是个好主意。while意为“尽管”，用来引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎8．[2010·上海卷] ________you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge. ‎ ‎ A．However a serious problem ‎ B．What a serious problem ‎ C．However serious a problem ‎ D．What serious a problem ‎ 【解析】 C　考查让步状语从句。根据句意“无论你有多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战”可知选C。however作连接副词，相当于no matter how，后接形容词或副词，意为“无论，不管” ，引导让步状语从句，其顺序为“however＋形容词、副词＋主语＋谓语”。‎ ‎9． [2010·北京卷] ________they decide which college to go to，students should research the admission procedures. ‎ ‎ A．As B．While C．Until D．Once ‎ 【解析】 D　本题考查连词。they decide which college to go to表示时间，用once(一旦)。‎ ‎10．Please do something for the Hope Project, ________ many children in poor areas will be able to go back to school. ‎ ‎ A．while B．so that C．or D．but ‎ 【解析】 B　考查状语从句的用法。句意为：请为希望工程做点事，以便让贫困地区的很多孩子能回到学校。 so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便”。‎ ‎11．Always put yourself in others' shoes. ________you feel that it hurts you，it probably hurts other persons too. ‎ ‎ A．If B．Unless C．Until D．Though ‎ 【解析】 A　句意为：要设身处地地为别人着想， 如果一件事会伤害到你， 别人的感觉可能也一样。‎ ‎12．________I appreciate the honor，I could not accept the position. I want to spend more time on my present job. ‎ ‎ A．While B．Since C．Yet D．So ‎ 【解析】 A　I appreciate the honor 和I could not accept the position 之间是让步关系，这几个词中只有while可以引导让步状语从句。句意为：尽管我喜欢这个荣誉，但我不能接受这个职位。我想在目前所做的工作上花更多的时间。‎ ‎13．—How do you find the new job?‎ ‎ —It's hard to find ________work so that I hardly care what it is ________I can make a living. ‎ ‎ A．satisfied; as long as ‎ B．satisfied; as far as ‎ C．satisfying; as long as ‎ D．satisfying; as far as ‎ 【解析】 C　本题综合考查现在分词作形容词及连词的用法。第一空是“令人满意的工作”，所以用satisfying；第二空解释为“只要”，所以用as long as。‎ ‎14．[2010·全国卷Ⅱ] Tom was about to close the window ________ his attention was caught by a bird. ‎ ‎ A．when B．if C．and D．till ‎ 【解析】 A　考查状语从句连接词。be about to do…when…是常用句型，表示“正要……这时……”。‎ ‎15．________I toured Zhangjiajie, I was deeply impressed with its beautiful scenery. ‎ ‎ A．For the first time B．At first ‎ C．It was the first time D．The first time ‎ 【解析】 D　the first time作连词，引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎16．[2010·四川卷] Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break ________ she got to her office. ‎ ‎ A．since B．that ‎ ‎ C．when D．until ‎ 【解析】 C　考查连词词义辨析。从句意“当她到达时，已经是午餐时间了”，知道这里是表示时间“当……时”故用when。‎ ‎17．[2010·安徽卷] The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities，________ they have the interest. ‎ ‎ A．wherever B．whenever ‎ C．even if D．as if ‎ 【解析】 C　考查状语从句。句意为：工程师们这么忙，以致即使他们有兴趣，也没有一点时间进行户外活动。‎ ‎18．[2010·陕西卷] John thinks it won't be long________ he is ready for his new job. ‎ ‎ A．when B．after ‎ C．before D．since ‎ 【解析】 C　本题考查连词。根据句子意思：不久他就会做好新工作的准备。直译为：在他为新工作做好准备之前，用不了多久。It ‎ will (not) be long before 是一个固定句式。‎ ‎19．Too high house prices can be brought under control，________ the authorities introduce a series of regulatory policies. ‎ ‎ A．even if B．as if ‎ C．so that D．provided that ‎ 【解析】 D　本题考查条件状语从句。even if意为“即使”；as if意为“好像”；so that意为“以便于”；provided that意为“假如”。句意为：如果官方采取一系列的监管政策，过高的房价可能会得到控制。根据句意本题应该选择D项。‎ ‎20．—The thread of my kite broke and it flew away. ‎ ‎ —I told you it would easily break ________ it was the weakest. ‎ ‎ A．when B．for C．since D．where ‎ 【解析】 D　考查状语从句。where引导状语从句，并在从句中作状语。where it was the weakest意思是：在最薄的地方。 ‎ 模拟试题 ‎1．(2011·济南模拟)Never believe anything________any other person has believed it.Use your own head.‎ A．that B．unless C．because D．once 解析：　考查状语从句。句意为：不要因为他人相信什么事情，你就相信。动动你的脑子。此题学生会理解为定语从句，但注意any other person has believed it 是完整的句子，不缺少主语和宾语。‎ 答案：　C ‎2．(2011·潍坊第一次模拟)It will be some time ________ we know the full results.‎ A．if　　　　　　　　　　　 B．since C．when D．before 解析：　考查状语从句。句意为：还要过一段时间我们才能知道全部结果。It will be some time before表示“做某事要一段时间，过段时间才……”。‎ 答案：　D ‎3．(2011·潍坊质量监测)I don’t think she’ll be sad but I’ll go and comfort her ________ she is.‎ A．in case B．as if C．even though D．unless 解析：　考查状语从句。句意为“我认为她不会难过的，但是为防万一我还是去安慰一下她”。据此判断选择in case“以防；万一”。其他三项不符合语意。‎ 答案：　A ‎4．(2010·4月济南模拟)________ the news，so far，has been good，there may be bad days ahead.‎ A．When B．While C．If D．Since 解析：　考查状语从句。句意为：虽然到目前为止都是好消息，但坏日子可能还在后头。这里只有while表示“虽然”，故选B项。when表示“当……时候”；if表示“如果……”；since表示“由于，因为”。‎ 答案：　B ‎5．(2011·济宁第二次联考)The house was greatly damaged by the truck.We’d better leave things ________ they are until the police arrive.‎ A．since B．as C．though D．unless 解析：　考查状语从句。句意为：卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损坏。我们最好保持原样直到警察到来。as引导方式状语从句，意为“照……方式”。leave things as they are意为“任其自然”。‎ 答案：　B ‎6．(2011·陕西宝鸡检测)At the bad news，she was so sad 　　　　 I had to stay here keeping her ________.‎ A．that；companion B．then；companies C．that；company D．and；accompany 解析：　考查结果状语从句及固定搭配。句意为：听到那个不好的消息，她如此悲伤以至于我得留下来陪她。此句采用了so...that...结构，that引导结果状语从句；keep sb.company为固定表达，意思为“陪伴某人”或“给某人作伴”。‎ 答案：　C ‎7．(2011·陕西教学质量检测)I’m going to France for further study of art.Therefore，________ difficult it is，I’ll try my best to make greater improvement.‎ A．whatever B．however C．whenever D．wherever 解析：　考查状语从句。因为difficult是形容词，故由however修饰，表示“无论它多困难……”，故选B项。‎ 答案：　B ‎8．(2011·黑龙江检测)How the loans are paid should be of little concern to the bank ________ they are paid on time.‎ A．as well as B．as soon as C．as long as D．as far as 解析：　考查词组辨析。句意为：对银行而言，只要贷款准时还，至于如何还倒不重要。这里用as long as“只要……”，引导条件状语从句；as well as表示“也，同……一样”；as soon as表示“一……就”；as far as则表示“远达……就……而言”。根据语意选C项。‎ 答案：　C ‎9．(2011·日照市调研考试)—Won’t you go shopping with your mother?‎ ‎—No.________ she promises to buy me a new sweater.‎ A．Now that B．If only C．As though D．Unless 解析：　考查连词。此句是承前省略的状语从句，省略了主句。句意为：除非她答应给我买一件新毛衣，否则我不去。unless表示“除非”。‎ 答案：　D ‎10．(2010·南京第三次模拟)—I think this accident happened for many reasons.‎ ‎—Richard is partly to blame，________ way you look at it.‎ A．what B．which C．whatever D．whichever 解析：　根据句意可知逗号之后是一个让步状语从句，whatever后面跟名词时，常用whatever＋the＋名词的结构，whichever可直接修饰名词。语意为：无论从哪一个方面看，Richard都应该承担部分责任。‎ 答案：　D ‎11．(2011·东北三省四市联考)—We should recycle everything we can.‎ ‎—Absolutely.These may seem little things，but they’re not ________ it comes to saving the environment.‎ A．since B．when C．while D．as 解析：　考查连词。when it comes to...是固定用法，意思是“当提到……当涉及……”。其他几项不合题意。‎ 答案：　B ‎12．(2011·厦门市质量检查)The UN officials say it could be many weeks and even months ________ a deal is reached.‎ A．before B．after C．when D．as 解析：　考查时间状语从句。在协议达成之前还需要许多星期甚至几个月。before在本句中可以理解为“还要过(多久)才会……”。‎ 答案：　A ‎13．(2010·南京第三次模拟)You can’t complain of being ‎ lonely ________ you don’t make an effort to meet people and make friends with them.‎ A．while B．when C．whenever D．though 解析：　本题考查状语从句。when在本题中的含义是“considering that...”，即“考虑到，既然”。‎ 答案：　B ‎14．(2010·陕西教学质量检测)—What does the notice say?‎ ‎—It says the basketball matches will go on ________ it rains.‎ A．if B．as though C．unless D．when 解析：　考查状语从句。语意表示“除非下雨，要不然篮球赛将会继续举行”。这里unless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非，如果不……”，符合语意。if表示“如果……”；as though表示“似乎”；when则表示“当……的时候”。‎ 答案：　C ‎15．(2010·苏州一模)—Some Chinese students find it difficult to understand native speakers when in London.‎ ‎—Exactly，________ they’ve learned a lot about grammar and known many words.‎ A．if only B．now that C．as if D．even if 解析：　本题考查连词辨析。if only要是……多好；now that既然；as if好像；even ‎ if即使。句意为：一些中国学生发现在伦敦要理解当地人很难，即使他们学了很多语法而且认识许多单词。‎ 答案：　D ‎ ‎