【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit1Culturalrelics单元学案（39页）

【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit1Culturalrelics单元学案（39页）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit1Cultural relics单元学案 Section_ⅠWarming Up & Reading — Prereading ‎1．Do you know something about one of the cultural relics — the Taj Mahal?‎ ‎2．How long and how many people did it take to build the Taj Mahal?‎ Please read the following passage to get the answer.‎ The Taj Mahal is one of the greatest masterpieces of architecture (建筑) in the world. It was Emperor Shah Jahan who ordered the building of the Taj Mahal in honour of his beloved wife. The Taj Mahal, one of the greatest monuments (纪念碑) of India, has been listed among the eight wonders of the world. This monument was built in the name of love. It is also considered to be one of the eight most splendid historical structures of the world. This white marble (大理石) structure was the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan's gift for his dead wife. He loved his wife so much that he ordered the best artisans (工匠) to create a design as there has never been, and something that cannot be copied. Having refused hundreds of designs he finally accepted this one. He is said to have personally monitored the construction of this building.‎ The structure of the Taj Mahal combines (融合) ingredients (要素) of Persian, Indian, Islamic and Turkish styles of architecture. It took twentytwo years to complete this architectural wonder. Twenty thousand people worked on this great project, which cost the Mughal emperor thirtytwo million rupees (卢比)．‎ In 1983, this great monument was announced by UNESCO to be one among the UNESCO World Heritage Sites. About two to four million tourists see this structure every year.‎ Warming Up ‎1．Do you know what a cultural relic is?‎ A_cultural_relic_is_something_that_has_survived_for_a_long_time,_often_a_part_of_something_old_that_has_remained_when_the_rest_of_it_has_been_destroyed;_it_tells_people_about_the_past.‎ ‎2．Can you say any cultural relics in the world? Please match cultural relics with the following pictures.‎ A．Stonehenge B．The Mona Lisa C．The Amber Room D．The Statue of Liberty E．The Great Wall F．The Ming Dynasty vase G．The Pyramids in Egypt H．The ruins of Yuanmingyuan 答案：(1)E　(2)F　(3)A　(4)G　(5)H　(6)D　(7)C　(8)B ‎3．What do you think of the following amber? Can you imagine a house made of amber?‎ Beautiful.‎ Rare/Precious.‎ Fast Reading Scan the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.‎ ‎1．The Amber Room was one of the greatest wonders of the world, but it is now missing because ________.‎ A．most precious pieces of the Amber Room could be taken apart, packed and moved away B．the Amber Room was very small so that German soldiers could move it away easily C．it was destroyed by Peter the Great D．there was a mystery in it ‎2．The new Amber Room looks much like the old one because ________.‎ A．the Russians and Germans are good at building the Amber Room B．600 candles light the room, and its mirrors and pictures shine like gold C．they found the site of the Amber Room D．it was rebuilt with the help of the old photos of the former Amber Room ‎3．What did the Czar give the King of Prussia in return?‎ A．Some money and jewels.‎ B．Some horses of great worth.‎ C．A winter palace.‎ D．A troop of his best soldiers.‎ ‎4．In 1941, the city of Königsberg belonged to ________.‎ A．Germany　　　　　　 B．Russia C．Sweden D．France ‎5．Where was the Amber Room when it was stolen?‎ A．In St Petersburg. B．On the Baltic Sea.‎ C．Outside St Petersburg. D．In Königsberg.‎ 答案：1～5　ADDAC Careful Reading ‎1．Read the text and try to get the main idea of the text.‎ It tells us the strange history of the_Amber_Room,_a cultural relic of two countries, Germany and Russia.‎ ‎2．Read the text and then match the main idea of each paragraph.‎ Paragraph 1 A．How did the Amber Room become one of the wonders of the world? ‎ Paragraph 2 B．How was a new Amber Room built?‎ Paragraph 3 C．How did the Amber Room get lost?‎ Paragraph 4 D．How was the Amber Room made?‎ Paragraph 5 E．Why did the King of Prussia give the Amber Room to the Czar of ‎ Russia as a gift? ‎ 答案：Paragraph 1：D　Paragraph 2：E　Paragraph 3：A　 Paragraph 4：C　Paragraph 5：B ‎3．Read the text and then answer the following questions.‎ What did these four people do to the Amber Room? Find out the clue of the story and then fill in the blanks.‎ A．it remains a mystery B．gave it to the Czar as a gift C．stole the Amber Room D．had it moved outside St Petersburg E．had the Amber Room made F．sent a troop of his best soldiers to the King of Prussia 答案：E　B　F　D　C　A Summary Fill in the blanks according to the text.‎ The Amber Room, made of several tons of amber and 1.decorated (decorate) with gold and jewels, has an 2.amazing (amaze) history. At first, it 3.was_designed (design) for the ‎ palace of Frederick Ⅰ. Then in 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great, and it served 4.as a small reception hall. But in 1941, some of the Nazis 5.secretly (secret) stole the Amber Room 6.when the two countries were 7.at war. In less than two days, 100,000 pieces were put inside some 8.wooden (wood) boxes and there is no doubt 9.that they were sent to Germany and the room remains a mystery. Recently the Russians and Germans have built 10.a new one by studying old photos of the former Amber Room. ‎ Discussion Is it worth rebuilding Yuanmingyuan?‎ The_answers_can_vary,_but_there_are_several_factors_to_consider：‎ ‎◆the_cost；‎ ‎◆whether_an_object_or_building_can_be_faithfully_reproduced；‎ ‎◆whether_it_helps_people_better_understand_the_reasons_why_such_a_building_was_destroyed.‎ Section_ⅡWarming Up & Reading — Language Points A：词义配对 ‎1．select　　　 A．a drawing or plan from which sth. may be made ‎2．design B．a particular design of sth., especially clothes ‎3．fancy C．to take sth./sb. away from a place ‎4．style D．to choose sb./sth. from a group of people or things,‎ ‎ usually according to a system ‎5．remove E．not ordinary; unusual ‎6．worth F．value and importance or value in money 答案：1～5　DAEBCF B：根据构词法(able；al；ing；tion；en)写出单词 ‎7．value (n.)→valuable (adj.)‎ ‎8．wood (n.)→wooden (adj.)‎ ‎9．amaze (v.)→amazing (adj.)‎ ‎10．decorate (v.)→decoration (n.)‎ ‎11．survive (v.)→survival (n.)‎ ‎　　　　　　‎ ‎1. survive vi.幸免；幸存；生还 vt.幸免于难；艰难度过；比……活得长 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(教材原句)　Is it enough to have survived for a long time?‎ 它存留很长时间就足够了吗？‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　Some interesting customs have survived from ancient times.‎ 有些有趣的风俗是从古代留下来的。‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 ‎(1)survive sth.　　　 在……之后仍然生存 survive sb.(by ...) 比某人活得长(……)‎ survive on 靠(很少钱)继续维持生活 ‎(2)survival n. 生存；幸存 survivor n. 生还者；幸存者 ‎①He survived his friend by 10 years after the war.‎ 战后，他比他的朋友多活了十年。‎ ‎②I don't know how you all manage to survive_on your small salary.‎ 我真不知道你们只靠微薄的薪金是怎样维持生活的。‎ ‎③The survivors of the earthquake are fighting for survival.‎ 地震的幸存者们正在为生存而奋斗。‎ ‎2．amazing adj.令人吃惊的 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(教材原句)　Frederick William Ⅰ， the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.‎ 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　It was amazing that he knew nothing about the event.‎ 他对这次事件毫不知情，真令人吃惊。‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 ‎(1)amaze vt.　　　　　 使吃惊；使惊讶 ‎(2)amazed adj. 惊奇的；惊讶的 be amazed at/by sth. 对……感到惊讶 be amazed to do sth. 因做某事而感到惊讶 ‎①What amazed us was that he passed the maths test.‎ 令我们吃惊的是他这次数学测试及格了。‎ ‎②Tom was_amazed_by the girl's calmness and quick mind.‎ 汤姆惊讶于这个女孩的镇定和机智。‎ ‎③I am_amazed_to_see her great progress in studies.‎ 看到她学习上取得很大进步，我大为惊奇。‎ ‎3．design n．[U，C]设计；图案；构思 vt.设计；计划；构思 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(教材原句)　The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.‎ 琥珀屋的设计采用了当时流行的别致的建筑式样。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　Can anyone design a better timetable?‎ 有人能设计出更好的时间表吗？‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 ‎(1)by design ＝ on purpose　 有意；故意 ‎(2)be designed for ... 为……而设计 be designed to do sth. 目的是；被设计用于做某事 ‎①Do you think the traffic accident was caused by accident or by design?‎ 你认为这起交通事故是意外呢，还是有意为之？‎ ‎②As far as I know, the course is_designed_for beginners.‎ 据我所知，这门课程是为初学者设计的。‎ ‎③The programme is designed to help the orphans.‎ 这项计划的目的是为孤儿提供帮助。‎ ‎4．decorate v．装饰；装修 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(教材原句)　It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country's best artists about ten years to make.‎ 它也是这个国家最优秀的艺术家们花费大约十年的时间用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　Decorated with different lights, the living room looks very beautiful.‎ 卧室用不同的灯装饰后看上去非常漂亮。‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 ‎(1)decorate ... with ... 用……装饰(某物、某处)‎ be decorated with ... 用……来装饰 ‎(2)decoration n. 装饰；装饰物 ‎①We decorated the Christmas tree with lights.‎ 我们用灯来装饰圣诞树。‎ ‎②We put Christmas decorations on the tree.‎ 我们将圣诞节装饰品挂在树上。‎ ‎5．remove vt.移动；搬开；脱下；摘掉；开除 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(教材原句)　Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room.‎ 在纳粹分子到达夏宫之前，俄罗斯人只能把琥珀屋里的一些家具和小件艺术品搬走。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　The good news removed all doubts about the company's future.‎ 这个好消息消除了所有关于公司未来的疑虑。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　Please remove your shoes before entering the room when you are in Japan.‎ 当你在日本时，进屋之前请先脱掉鞋子。‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 remove into ...　　　　　 搬入……‎ remove sth. to ... 把某物搬到……‎ remove sb. from ... 从……开除某人 ‎①They’re going to remove into a new building.‎ 他们准备搬进一座新楼。‎ ‎②Students removed several desks to another classroom.‎ 学生们把几张书桌搬到另外一间教室。‎ ‎③As far as I know, he was_removed_from school.‎ 据我所知，他被学校开除了。‎ ‎6．worth prep.值得的；相当于……的价值 n．[U]价值；作用 adj.值钱的 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(教材原句)　Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijing?‎ 重建失去的文化遗产有价值吗？例如琥珀屋或北京圆明园。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　This plan is well worth a try.‎ 这个计划很值得一试。‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 be worth＋n.　　　　　　 值得……；值……‎ be well worth doing (某事)很值得被做 it’s worth it 这是值得的 ‎①The picture is worth about 2,000 pounds.‎ 这幅画大概值两千英镑。‎ ‎②His suggestion is well worth considering.‎ 他的建议很值得考虑。‎ ‎[点津]　be worth后跟动名词作宾语，用主动形式表示被动意义。‎ ‎③She spent $1,000 on the new coat, but it was worth it.‎ 尽管她花了一千美元买了那件新外套，但物有所值。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．My parents were busy decorating (decorate) our new apartment and had no time to go shopping.‎ ‎2．Everyone said that the film was well worth seeing (see). ‎ ‎3．Do you fancy going (go) fishing with me?‎ ‎4．To our regret, several students were removed from our school for no good reason.‎ ‎5．I don’t feel amazed (amaze) to find that I won the competition to design a new computer. ‎ ‎6．Students can get valuable (value) experience by working parttime.‎ ‎7．She was the only survivor (survive) in the accident, so the policeman asked her to set down what she could remember.‎ ‎8．He was selected from the whole school as a volunteer to serve in the Olympics. ‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．The students are_decorating_their_classroom_with all kinds of fresh flowers for the arrival of the New Year.‎ 为迎接新年的到来，学生们正用各种鲜花装饰他们的教室。‎ ‎2．Of the four people in the car accident, only_one_survived.‎ 车祸中的四人，只有一人幸免于难。‎ ‎3．He didn’t recognize her until she removed_her_glasses.‎ 直到她摘下眼镜他才认出她来。‎ ‎4．The programme is_designed_to_help people who have been out of work for a long time.‎ 这项计划是为长期失业者提供帮助而设计的。‎ ‎5．We were_amazed_to_find that no one was hurt.‎ 我们很惊异地发现竟没有人受伤。‎ ‎1．in search of　　　　　 寻找；搜寻 ‎2．belong to 属于 ‎3．in return 作为报答；回报 ‎4．at war 处于交战状态 ‎5．less than 少于 ‎ ‎6．be worth doing 值得做 ‎7．add ...to ... 把……添加到……‎ ‎8．serve as 充当 ‎　　　 　‎ ‎1．in search of寻找；搜寻 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(鲜活例句)　After graduation, he went to Beijing in search of a job.‎ 毕业后，他去北京找工作。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　He turned on his computer in search of the information he wanted.‎ 他打开电脑搜寻他想要的信息。‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 in one’s search for　　　 寻找……；搜寻……‎ search ... for ... 搜查……；寻找……‎ search for ... 搜寻……；寻找……‎ search sb. 搜身 ‎①The researchers are in their search for the animals which they want to experiment with.‎ 研究者们正在寻找他们做实验用的动物。‎ ‎②I searched every corner of my room for my watch, but couldn’t find it.‎ 我搜遍房间的每个角落来找我的表，但没找到。‎ ‎③Can you help me search_for my key?‎ 你能帮我找找我的钥匙吗？‎ ‎2．belong to属于 ‎(教材原句)　However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William Ⅰ， to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.‎ 然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈·威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。‎ ‎①As we all know, Taiwan belongs to China.‎ 众所周知，台湾是中国的一部分。‎ ‎②Do you know whom this dictionary belongs to?‎ 你知道这本字典是谁的吗？‎ ‎③China is a developing country belonging_to the third world.‎ 中国是个发展中国家，属于第三世界。‎ ‎[点津]　belong to 不能用于被动语态，也没有进行时。‎ ‎3．in return作为报答；回报 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(教材原句)　In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.‎ 作为回赠，沙皇送给他一队自己最好的士兵。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　He is always helping people without expecting anything in return.‎ 他一向不求任何回报地帮助他人。‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 in return for　　 作为对……的报答 ‎ in turn 依次地；轮流地；反过来；转而 ‎①I invited him to dinner in return for his kindness.‎ 为了报答他的好心，我请他吃了晚饭。‎ ‎②People try to avoid transportation delays by using their own cars, and this in_turn brings further problems.‎ 人们极力使用私家车来避免交通延误，这反过来却带来更多的问题。‎ ‎4．at war 在交战；处于交战状态 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(教材原句)　This was a time when the two countries were at war.‎ 这是两国交战的时期。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　The two countries have been at war for many years.People there are suffering a lot.‎ 两国交战多年，人民苦难深重。‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 at dawn　　　　　　　 在黎明；在破晓 at work 在上班；在工作 at peace 处于和平中；平静 at table 在吃饭 ‎①He spent most of his time watching the fishermen at work.‎ 他花大部分时间观察渔民的工作。‎ ‎②Children must learn to behave at_table.‎ 小孩必须学会吃饭时守规矩。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The hungry boy rushed into the house in search of something to eat. ‎ ‎2．Believe it or not, your sister will arrive here in less than an hour.‎ ‎3．In 1920 Poland and Russia were still atwar.‎ ‎4．I work hard in return for those who care for me, help me and love me. ‎ ‎5．It is known to us that lions and tigers belong to the cat family. ‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 belong to, at war, less than, in return, in search of ‎1．I’ll take it to my king, who will most likely give me a reward in_return.‎ ‎2．I belong_to a football club and play football every Saturday.‎ ‎3．The whole house went up in smoke in less_than an hour.‎ ‎4．At the National Defense University, Obama said the country is still at_war with terrorists in Afghanistan and Pakistan.‎ ‎5．Today, many countryside people have rushed to the city in_search_of good jobs.‎ ‎1．[句型展示]　Frederick William Ⅰ， the King of Prussia, could_never_have ‎ imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.‎ 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。‎ ‎[典例背诵]　Last night he was doing his homework together with me. He couldn’t have gone to the cinema.‎ 昨晚他和我一起做作业。他绝不可能去看电影了。‎ ‎2．[句型展示]　Later, Catherine Ⅱ had_the_Amber_Room_moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.‎ 后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。‎ ‎[典例背诵]　He was lazy and often had his clothes washed.‎ 他很懒，常常让别人给他洗衣服。‎ ‎3．[句型展示]　There_is_no_doubt_that the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.‎ 毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，它是当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。‎ ‎[典例背诵]　There is no doubt that more and more people prefer shopping online nowadays.‎ 毫无疑问，现在越来越多的人更喜欢网上购物。‎ ‎4．[句型展示]　By studying old photos of the former Amber Room, they have made_the_new_one_look like the old one.‎ 通过研究原先的琥珀屋的旧照片，他们使新的琥珀屋看上去像以前的琥珀屋。‎ ‎[典例背诵]　Our teacher makes us feel more confident.‎ 老师使我们感觉更有信心了。‎ ‎　　　　　‎ ‎1．Frederick William Ⅰ， the King of Prussia, could never_have_imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.‎ 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。‎ could never have imagined意思为“永远不可能想到”。‎ ‎“could have done” 结构一般表示如下两个意思：‎ ‎(1)表示对过去发生动作的推测，多用于否定句或疑问句中。表示肯定一般用must have done(过去一定做过某事)。‎ ‎①Mr Smith couldn’t have gone to Beijing, for I saw him just now.‎ 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还见过他。‎ ‎②You couldn’t_have_bought such an expensive car. You must have borrowed it from a rich friend.‎ 你不可能买一辆这么昂贵的车。你肯定是从一个有钱的朋友那里借的。‎ ‎(2)表示过去本能够做某事，但实际上并没有做。‎ ‎③You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best.‎ 你本可以做得更好，但是你没有尽力而为。‎ ‎④He could_have_passed the exam, but he was too careless.‎ 他本来能通过考试的，但是他太粗心了。‎ ‎2．Later, Catherine Ⅱ had_the_Amber_Room_moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. ‎ 后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。‎ had the Amber Room moved用的是“have sth. done”结构，它表示两种意义：‎ ‎(1)使某事被做(主语有意识的行为，可能是主语自己做，也可能是让别人做)‎ ‎①There’s something wrong with my computer, so I have to have it repaired.‎ 我的电脑出了问题，所以我得让人修理一下。‎ ‎②I must have my homework done before going to bed.‎ 睡觉前我必须做完作业。‎ ‎(2)遭遇某种不幸的事情 ‎③She had her wallet stolen on the bus yesterday.‎ 昨天在公交车上她的钱包被偷了。‎ ‎3．There_is_no_doubt_that the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.‎ 毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，它是当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。‎ ‎(1)句子结构分析：‎ ‎(2)There is/was no doubt that ...意为“毫无疑问……”，that引导同位语从句，说明doubt的内容。‎ ‎①There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter.‎ 毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的。‎ ‎②There_is_no_doubt_that the company is facing a big problem now.‎ 毫无疑问，该公司现在正面临着重大的问题。‎ ‎(3)doubt 用作名词时，在肯定句中其后用whether 引导同位语从句，否定句或疑问句中则用that引导。‎ ‎③There is some doubt whether he is the best man for the job.‎ 他是否是做这个工作的最佳人选，这还有些疑问。‎ ‎④We have no doubt that they can complete the task on time.‎ 我们相信他们能按时完成这项任务。‎ ‎(4)doubt 用作动词时，在肯定句中其后多用whether 或if 引导宾语从句，否定句或疑问句中则用that引导。‎ ‎⑤I doubt whether he will continue to work here.‎ 我怀疑他是否会继续在这里工作。‎ ‎⑥I don’t doubt that he will win the competition.‎ 我相信他会赢得这场比赛。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．There is no doubt that I can look after myself at school. ‎ ‎2．I’ll go to the hospital to have my eyes examined (examine). ‎ ‎3．We all like the way that/in_which he gets along with his friends. ‎ ‎4．I’m sorry. The baby was made to_cry (cry) just now. ‎ ‎5．I could have finished my work earlier, but I had an unexpected guest. ‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．Some researchers believe that there_is_no_doubt_that (毫无疑问) a cure for AIDS will be found.‎ ‎2．We don’t doubt that_he_is_equal_to_the_job (他胜任这项工作)．‎ ‎3．He couldn’t_have_attended_the_meeting (不可能参加会议) yesterday, for he went to Beijing the day before yesterday.‎ ‎4．He had_his_arm_broken (摔断了胳膊) when playing basketball.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．He is one of the luckiest survivors (survive) in that bus accident.‎ ‎2．I looked everywhere in search of my lost pen.‎ ‎3．It's amazing (amaze) how quickly technology changes. ‎ ‎4．Who is the designer (design) of the CCTV building?‎ ‎5．People often decorate their houses with holly at Christmas.‎ ‎6．What can I do for you in return for your help? ‎ ‎7．This is a rather old book, but it is worth reading (read). ‎ ‎8．He broke his left leg, so he was taken to the hospital to have it examined (examine). ‎ ‎9．I feel that that period in my life was extremely valuable (value)．‎ ‎10．The time belonging (belong) to the children should be returned to them by the teachers.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．There_is_no_doubt_that (毫无疑问) we human beings should be responsible for the earth's becoming warmer and warmer.‎ ‎2．He could_have_escaped (本来可以逃走的), but he chose to stand and fight.‎ ‎3．The house still belongs_to (属于) a member of my family, who has lived there for 3 years.‎ ‎4．I bought him a present in_return_for_his_kindness (为了报答他的好心)．‎ ‎5．I like the_way_(in_which/that)_the_teacher_gives_his_lessons (那位老师授课的方式)．‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 A Some 30,000 years ago, artists who lived in caves in Europe painted pictures of the animals around them. The paintings were highly realistic. Some even showed movement. The artwork is considered the oldest group of human cave drawings that have ever been discovered. The drawings were created tens of thousands of years ago before human history was written. They were preserved because the cave was closed off for more or less 23,000 years.‎ Fast forward to December 18, 1994, a group of French cave scientists were exploring caves in southern France. JeanMarie Chauvet, who led the group then, describes the process of discovering the cave paintings. “At that time I was in the front, Eliette just walked behind me, Christian behind. Eliette said she saw two marks made with red ochre and she said, ‘They came here.’ And at this very moment everything began. The drawings and everything were linked to the parietal art (壁画). That is where it started.” Cave art expert Jean Clottes reviewed the paintings. “I was amazed at the number of paintings there and their quality.”‎ The Chauvet Cave has been named after the explorer who first entered it. However, its environment and drawings are too fragile to be visited by human beings. So the cave is closed, and only people there for scientific purposes can go inside and see the artwork.‎ However, French authorities asked experts to create an exact copy of the cave, called the Pont d'Arc Cavern. The copy cost more than 59 million dollars to build. Pascal Terrasse is the president of the cave. He says everyone will be able to experience the thrill of looking at drawings made by the first humans in Europe. He says the place is magic because it is done so well.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。位于法国的肖维岩洞里的壁画被认为是世界上最古老的一组人类岩洞绘画。本文主要讲述了这个岩洞的发现及保护情况。‎ ‎1．Who is the first scientist to enter the cave?‎ A．Christian.　　　　　B．Eliette.‎ C．Jean Clottes. D．JeanMarie Chauvet.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。从第二段的“‘At that time I was in the front, Eliette just ‎ walked behind me, Christian behind.’”和第三段的“The Chauvet Cave has been named after the explorer who first entered it.”可知，第一个走进岩洞的科学家是JeanMarie Chauvet。‎ ‎2．Which words can be used to describe the paintings in the cave?‎ A．Elegant and abstract.‎ B．Vivid and superior.‎ C．Complicated and creative.‎ D．Delicate and colorful.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。从第一段中的“The paintings were highly realistic. Some even showed movement.”可推知，肖维岩洞里的壁画惟妙惟肖，很生动；再从第二段中的“I was amazed at the number of paintings there and their quality.”可知，肖维岩洞里的壁画的数量和质量均让Jean Clottes感到惊讶，这从另外一个侧面反映出肖维岩洞里的壁画是优质的作品。‎ ‎3．What can be learned about the Chauvet Cave?‎ A．It was closed off for some 30,000 years.‎ B．It's the origin of modern parietal art.‎ C．The artwork is very easy to damage.‎ D．No one is given access to it now.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。从第三段的“However, its environment and drawings are too fragile to be visited by human beings.”可知，肖维岩洞里的环境和壁画很脆弱，即容易受到破坏。‎ ‎4．Why is the Pont d'Arc Cavern created?‎ A．To show admiration for early artists in Europe.‎ B．To arouse visitors' awareness of protecting art.‎ C．To offer visitors chances to enjoy the artwork.‎ D．To collect money for preserving the cave.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。从最后一段的内容尤其是“everyone will be able to experience the thrill of looking at drawings ...”可知，法国政府让科学家们根据肖维岩洞的原型修建了Pont d'Arc Cavern，目的是给人们提供欣赏这些艺术作品的机会。故答案选C。‎ B What killed King Tut? Historians and scientists have long believed that ancient Egypt's most famous king was probably murdered. But a recent scientific study claims to have found a different answer to this more than 3,300yearold mystery. A team of researchers now say that King Tut, the boy ruler, died of complications (并发症) from a broken leg.‎ Tut's full name was Tutankhamun. He was just 9 years old when he became the ruler of Egypt in 1348 BC. His treasurefilled tomb was discovered almost a century ago. It was filled with royal riches, including a solidgold coffin, a gold mask, and piles of jewelry.‎ Unfortunately, Tut died at the age of 19. Many experts have thought that Tut was killed by one of his advisers, named Ay, who wanted to be king. But thanks to a major modern science project, it seems Ay is innocent.‎ Researchers set out to solve the mystery of King Tut's death by using the tools of science, including DNA tests and electronic scans of his mummy (木乃伊). Scientist Carsten Pusch conducted the tests on Tut for the new study. He thinks a broken leg contributed to the young king's death.‎ More than 100 walking sticks were found in King Tut's tomb. This supports the team's findings. But how could a person die from a simple broken leg?‎ Pusch also found DNA evidence in Tut's body that indicates he had malaria (疟疾), a disease carried by mosquitoes. Malaria severely weakens the immune system.‎ Pusch and his fellow researchers believe the malaria and the bone disease together caused the king's fracture (骨折) to become deadly. Finally, the young king was just too weak to recover. So effects of the disease combined with the bad luck of a broken bone — not a jealous adviser — are likely the real causes of King Tut's death.‎ 语篇解读：长期以来，历史学家和科学家都认为古埃及法老图坦卡蒙是被人谋害的，然而一项新的发现却提供了另外一种解释，揭开了这个3 300多年前的死亡之谜。‎ ‎5．It has long been believed by historians and scientists that ________.‎ A．King Tut was the youngest ruler in the world history B．King Tut was the richest ruler in the history of Egypt C．King Tut was murdered by one of his advisers D．King Tut was poisoned by one of his servants 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一、三段可知，长期以来，历史学家和科学家们认为古埃及法老图坦卡蒙是被他的一位谋士谋害的。‎ ‎6．From the passage we can learn that_________.‎ A．the king had been dead for 3,300 years B．the king was buried grandly C．the king was born with bad immune system D．the king's body was well kept in the tomb 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，图坦卡蒙的墓穴里摆满了皇室财宝，如金棺、金面具和成堆的珠宝首饰。由此可以得知，图坦卡蒙被安葬得十分隆重。‎ ‎7．Researchers uncovered the mystery of King Tut's death by________.‎ A．testing the King's immune system B．studying the walking sticks found in the tomb C．performing experiments on mosquitoes D．applying DNA tests and electronic scan technology 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，研究人员运用了DNA检测及电子扫描技术对法老的木乃伊进行了研究，从而获得了新发现。‎ ‎8．The passage mainly tells us about ________.‎ A．a different answer to King Tut's death B．a famous boy king in ancient Egypt C．a treasurefilled tomb discovered in Egypt D．a team of researchers studying ancient tombs 解析：选A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一项新的研究发现为古埃及法老图坦卡蒙的死提供了一种不同的解释。‎ Ⅳ.语法填空 On Thursday Mrs Clarke locked the door and went to the women's club as usual.‎ When she came home she sensed __1__ unusual. Had anyone got in? The back door and the windows were all locked and there was __2__ sign of forced entry. Had anything been taken? She went from room to room checking and __3__ (find) her spare camera missing.‎ The following Thursday she went out at her usual time, but she just took a short walk in a park nearby, came home through the back door and settled down to wait and see what __4__ (happen)．‎ It was 4 o'clock __5__ the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clarke was making tea at the time. The bell rang again, and then she heard her letter box __6__ (push) open. Picking up the kettle of boiling water, she moved quietly towards the door. A piece of __7__ appeared through the letter box, and then a ‎ hand. __8__ wire turned and caught around the knob (旋钮) on the door lock. Mrs Clarke raised the kettle and poured the hot water __9__ the hand. A sharp cry was heard outside as the wire fell to the floor and the hand was __10__ (instant) pulled back, which was followed by the sound of running feet.‎ 答案：1.something　2.no　3.found　4.would happen　5.when　6.being pushed　7.wire　8.The ‎9．over/on　10.instantly Section_ⅢLearning_about_Language_&_Using_Language_‎ Read the passage and complete the following exercises.‎ ‎1．What is a fact in the passage, and what happened to the Amber Room？(within 20 words)‎ A_fact_is_anything_that_can_be_proved.‎ The_Amber_Room_was_buried_in_the_mine.‎ ‎2．Fill in the table according to the passage.‎ Name ‎ Jan Hasek Job ‎ ‎(1)A_miner Place Czech Republic Time ‎ ‎(2)April_1945‎ What he heard ‎(3)Something_exploded_at_midnight.‎ What he saw ‎(4)①Some_German_soldiers_put_wooden_boxes_in_the_mine.②The_entrance_to_the_mine_was_closed.‎ What he believed ‎ ‎(5)The_Amber_Room_and_some_gold_were_buried_in_the_mine.‎ 词义配对 ‎1．evidence　A．to burst into small pieces ‎2．explode B．to go down below the surface of water ‎3．entrance C．someone who works on a ship ‎4．sailor D．facts showing sth. exists or is true ‎5．sink E．to discuss a subject formally ‎6．debate F．a gate you go through to enter a place ‎7．apart G．not following strict rules of how to behave or do sth.‎ ‎8．informal H．separated by a distance, of space or time; not together 答案：1～5　DAFCB　6～8　EHG ‎　　　　‎ ‎　　‎ ‎1．evidence n．[U]根据；证据 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(教材原句)　This kind of information is called evidence.‎ 这种信息就叫做证据。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　We found further scientific evidence for this theory.‎ 我们找到了进一步证实这种理论的科学根据。‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 ‎(1)in evidence　　 可看见的；明显的；显眼的 There is some evidence that ... 有证据显示/证明……‎ ‎(2)evident adj. 明显的；明白的 It is/was evident that ……很明显 ‎①The first sign of winter is in evidence.‎ 初冬的迹象已明显可见。‎ ‎②There’s_some_evidence_that a small amount of alcohol is good for you.‎ 有证据显示，少量饮酒有益健康。‎ ‎③It is evident that Mo Yan is a genius in writing.‎ 很明显莫言是个写作天才。‎ ‎2．explode vi.爆炸；(感情)迸发 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(教材原句)　In April 1945 I heard something explode at midnight.‎ 在1945年4月，半夜里我听到有东西爆炸了。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　At last his anger exploded, but he calmed down after a while.‎ 他终于大发雷霆，但是过了一会就镇静下来了。‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 ‎(1)explode with anger　　　 勃然大怒 explode into laughter 突然大笑 ‎(2)explosion n． 爆裂(声)；爆炸(声)；迸发 ‎①Charles exploded with anger when hearing the news.‎ 听到这个消息，查尔斯勃然大怒。‎ ‎②On seeing his funny expression, we all exploded_into_laughter.‎ 一看到他滑稽的表情，我们都突然大笑起来了。‎ ‎③The explosion could be heard a mile away.‎ 一英里外都可听到那爆炸声。‎ ‎3．entrance n．入口 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(教材原句)　To my surprise the entrance to the mine was closed.‎ 令我惊讶的是，通往矿井的入口被关闭了。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　He passed the College Entrance Examination, which made his parents very proud.‎ 他通过了高考，这使他父母非常自豪。‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 the entrance to＋地点　　　　　 ……的入口 make an entrance 进入 ‎①I’ll wait for you at the entrance to the zoo tomorrow.‎ 明天我会在动物园的入口处等你。‎ ‎②He made_an_entrance through the window.‎ 他从窗口进入。‎ ‎4．debate n．争论；辩论 vi.&vt.争论；辩论 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(教材原句)　Read the following tips for organizing an informal class debate.‎ 阅读下面关于组织一场非正式的班级辩论赛的建议。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　After a heated debate, we all agreed on the plan.‎ 经过一场激烈的辩论，我们就这一计划达成了一致意见。‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 ‎(1)have a heated debate　 进行激烈的辩论 under debate 在讨论中；在辩论中 beyond/without debate 无可争议 ‎(2)debate sth. with sb. 与某人辩论某事 ‎①The suggestion he put forward is still under debate.‎ 他提出的建议仍旧在讨论中。‎ ‎②The truth of this news is beyond debate.‎ 这则新闻的真实性无可争议。‎ ‎③I don’t want to debate such things with you.‎ 我不想和你争论此类事情。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Once on sea, these sailors (sail) couldn’t see land for many days.‎ ‎2．Most Americans wear informal (formal) clothes at home or on holidays. ‎ ‎3．More than 50 people were dead in a fuel truck explosion (explode), and another 100 were injured. ‎ ‎4．The suspect’s fingerprint printed on the gun was the main evidence (evident) against him.‎ ‎5．We must debate the question with the rest of the members.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎ ‎1．Luckily, the oil tank remained_unexploded (未爆炸) when the accident happened.‎ ‎2．She was standing at_the_entrance_to_the_park (在公园的入口处), waiting for the bus.‎ ‎3．The ship last sank_down (下沉了). Luckily all the people got out of it.‎ ‎4．They are_having_a_heated_debate (正在进行激烈的讨论) about where to build a lab building. ‎ ‎5．There_is_some_evidence_that (有证据显示) walking after supper can make people ‎ live longer. ‎ ‎6．Though he knew about the computer, taking_it_apart (拆开它) cost him a lot of time.‎ ‎1．take apart　　　　　　　 拆开 ‎2．in a trial 在审判中 ‎3．agree with 同意 ‎4．care about 关心；介意；在乎 ‎5．rather than 而不是 ‎6．at midnight 在午夜 ‎7．for oneself 为自己；独立地 ‎8．to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是 ‎9．the entrance to ... ……的入口 ‎10．think highly of 看重；器重 ‎　　　　‎ ‎　　‎ ‎1．take apart拆卸；拆开 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(教材原句)　The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it.‎ 老人看到一些德国人拆除并移走了琥珀屋。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　How dare you take apart your manager’s letter?‎ 你怎么敢拆开你经理的信件呢？‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　Let’s take the machine apart and see what’s wrong with it.‎ 咱们把机器拆开看看有什么毛病。‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 ‎(1)tell ...apart　　　 把……区别开来 fall apart 崩溃；土崩瓦解 ‎(2)apart from ‎①They are so much alike that I can’t tell them apart.‎ 他们那么像以至于我很难把他们区分开。‎ ‎②Apart from being too large, the trousers don’t suit me.‎ 这条裤子不但太大，我穿着也不合适。‎ ‎2．rather than 与其……倒不如；而不是 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(教材原句)　He/She only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions.‎ 他/她关心的只是目击者是否提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事实而不是个人观点。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall.‎ 我们是在教室里开会，而不是在大厅里。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　In my opinion, he rather than you is to blame.‎ 在我看来，是他而不是你该受责备。‎ ‎[点津]　rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 宁愿做……也不愿做……‎ I would die rather than give in to him.‎ ‎＝ I would_rather die than give in to him.‎ ‎＝ I (would) prefer to die rather than give in to him.‎ 我宁可死也不愿向他屈服。‎ ‎3．think highly of看重；器重；对……评价高 ‎★背诵佳句培养语感 ‎(教材原句)　I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber Room.‎ 我很欣赏那些为寻找琥珀屋而努力的人们。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　Judging from his expression, he doesn’t think highly of your plan.‎ 从他的表情判断，他对你的计划评价不高。‎ ‎(鲜活例句)　I feel that the boss seems to think highly of you.‎ 我认为老板好像很器重你。‎ ‎★归纳拓展全析考点 think much/well of ...(＝ think highly of ...)　　看重；器重；对……评价高 think ill/poorly/badly of 认为……不好 think little/nothing of ... 轻视；认为……不足为奇 ‎①If you want people to think well of you, do not speak well of yourself.‎ 要想人们对你有好感，就不要说自己的好话。‎ ‎②He often tells lies, which makes others think_poorly/ill/badly_of him.‎ 他经常撒谎，这使得别人看不起他。‎ ‎③She thinks little of remembering thirty words a day.‎ 她认为一天记30个单词不足为奇。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Our English teacher loves us very much and he is highly thought of.‎ ‎2．The weather in Hangzhou agrees with me.‎ ‎3．I’d like to have a cold drink rather than coffee.‎ ‎4．He took apart two old chairs in order to make a desk.‎ ‎5．The young people should care about the old.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．He is always doing his job quite well, so he_is_thought_highly_of_by_his boss/his_boss_thinks_highly_of_him (老板对他的评价很高)．‎ ‎2．After the Shanghai Expo was over, some buildings for exhibitions were_taken_apart (拆除)．‎ ‎3．Tom rather than you has_been_invited_to_the_party (被邀请参加晚会)．‎ ‎1．[句型展示]　For example, it_can_be_proved_that China has more people than any other country in the world.‎ 举例来说，中国人口比世界上其他任何一个国家的人口都多，这是可以被证实的。‎ ‎[典例背诵]　It has been proved that what he said is right.‎ 已经证实他说的话是对的。‎ ‎2．[句型展示]　In a trial, a judge must decide which_eyewitnesses_to_believe and which not_to_believe.‎ 在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信，哪些证人不能相信。‎ ‎[典例背诵]　We haven’t decided when to leave for Beijing.‎ 我们还没有决定何时出发去北京。‎ ‎3．[句型展示]　Nor_do_I think they should give it to any government.‎ 我也不认为他们应该把它交给任何政府部门。‎ ‎[典例背诵]　She couldn’t work out the problem, nor/neither could I.‎ 她解决不了这个问题，我也不能。‎ ‎　　　　　　‎ ‎1．For example, it_can_be_proved_that China has more people than any other country in the world.‎ 举例来说，中国人口比世界上其他任何一个国家的人口都多，这是可以被证实的。‎ 本句是“It＋be＋v.ed＋that ...”句型。其中it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。英语中把主语从句后置，同时把it放在主语的位置的常见句型有：‎ ‎(1)It is＋过去分词(reported, believed, said, announced等)＋主语从句．‎ ‎①It is reported that the film star will come to our city.‎ 据报道那位电影明星将来我们市。‎ ‎②It is said that he studied abroad, but we don’t know which country he studied in.‎ 据说他在国外学习过，但是我们不知道他在哪个国家学习的。‎ ‎(2)It＋不及物动词(seem, happen, turn out, appear等)＋主语从句．‎ ‎③It seems that your mother won’t allow you to swim in this river.‎ 似乎你妈妈不会让你在这条河里游泳。‎ ‎(3)It is＋名词词组(a pity, a fact, a wonder, an honour等)＋主语从句．‎ ‎④It_is_a_pity_that you can’t go with us to enjoy the concert.‎ 你不能跟我们一块去欣赏音乐会真是可惜。‎ ‎(4)It is＋adj. (clear, natural, obvious, possible, likely等)＋主语从句．‎ ‎⑤It_is_possible_that I have made a mistake.‎ 也许我出了差错。‎ ‎2．In a trial, a judge must decide which_eyewitnesses_to_believe and which not to believe.‎ 在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信，哪些证人不能相信。‎ which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe 是两个带疑问代词which的动词不定式短语，作decide的宾语，相当于一个宾语从句。该结构可以作主语、宾语或表语。‎ ‎①When to go out for a picnic has not been decided.‎ 什么时候外出野餐还没有定下来。‎ ‎②We haven’t decided when_and_where_to_go_on an outing.‎ 我们尚未确定何时何地去郊游。‎ ‎③I don’t know whether to accept his invitation or not.‎ 我不知道是否接受他的邀请。‎ ‎3．Nor_do_I think they should give it to any government.‎ 我也不认为他们应该把它交给任何政府部门。‎ ‎(1)否定词nor位于句首，应该用部分倒装。形式为：“nor＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语(＋动词＋其他)”，表示前面的否定情况也适用于另一人或物。可用neither替换nor。‎ ‎①Tom isn’t good at maths, neither/nor am I.‎ 汤姆不擅长数学，我也是。‎ ‎②He didn’t pass the exam, neither/nor_did_I.‎ 他没通过这次考试，我也是。‎ ‎(2)若表示前句中的肯定情况也适用于另一人或物，要用“so＋系动词/情态动词/助动词＋主语”，表示“……也是这样；也是如此”。‎ ‎③He likes swimming and so do I.‎ 他喜欢游泳，我也是。‎ ‎[点津]　如果后一句只是单纯地重复前一句的意思，此时主谓不倒装，句型为“so＋主语＋系动词/助动词/情态动词”。‎ ‎④—She speaks French very well.‎ ‎——她法语说得很好。‎ ‎—So she does.‎ ‎——她说得确实很好。‎ ‎(3)当前句中既有肯定的情况也有否定的情况，两种不同的情况也适用于另一人或物时，则用以下句式：‎ It is the same with sb./sth.或So it is with sb./sth.‎ ‎⑤Tom is very clever and studies very hard.It_is_the_same_with_Mary/So it is with Mary.‎ 汤姆聪明且努力学习，玛丽也一样。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．I’m sorry I don’t know what to_do (do) next. ‎ ‎2．He didn’t see the film, neither/nor did I.‎ ‎3．It was proved that what she said was true at last.‎ ‎4．Many people left the meeting room early because the speech was badly thought of.‎ ‎5．I would go (go) shopping rather than stay (stay) at home on sundays.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．Mary often does some reading in the evening, so_does_John (约翰也是这样)．‎ ‎2．If you don’t go to the cinema, nor/neither_will_I (我也不去)．‎ ‎3．My question is how_to_carry_out_the_plan (如何实施这个计划)．‎ ‎4．It_is_said_that (据说) he has returned to his motherland.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Students were given free entrance to the football match.‎ ‎2．The scientist was_sunk (sink) in thought, and didn't notice what was going on around him. ‎ ‎3．He prefers to walk to school rather than drive a car. ‎ ‎4．Your teacher must think highly of you if he lets you attend the meeting.‎ ‎5．She nodded smiling to show that she agreed with me.‎ ‎6．I don't know where to_put (put) the picture. ‎ ‎7．He does not like living downtown, and nor/neither does his wife.‎ ‎8．The explosion (explode) of Moscow airport was heard 10 miles away.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．—You seemed to be deeply struck by his skill.‎ ‎—Not exactly. It was his courage rather_than_his_skill (而不是他的技能) that really struck me most.‎ ‎2．I'm new here. Could you tell me where_the_entrance_to_the_school_is (学校的大门在哪里) please?‎ ‎3．Take_apart (拆开) the watch to see if there's something wrong with it.‎ ‎4．In the society where we grow up, people think_highly_of_careers (相当重视职业)．‎ ‎5．It_was_proved_that (结果表明) the question was much more difficult than she had supposed.‎ Ⅲ.完形填空 My friends and I had just finished lunch at a hotel when it started to rain heavily. When it became __1__， I decided to brave the drizzle (毛毛雨) to get my car which was __2__‎ ‎ near my company three streets away.‎ My friends said that I shouldn't go, __3__ because I was seven months pregnant (有孕的) then. I __4__ them that I'd be very careful. __5__ of them wanted to come with me, but I insisted that she __6__ another friend who needed help with her baby.‎ I walked out of the hotel and started __7__ my way to the car. At a bus __8__， a passenger got off the bus with an umbrella. __9__ I knew what was happening, he walked right __10__ me and told me he would escort (护送) me to my destination. I kindly __11__ his kindness, but he was very persistent (坚持的)．‎ During our walk, he told me that a kind stranger died one month ago after saving his daughter. He did not even get his name and all he could do now was __12__ on the kindness. When we got to the car park, he __13__ me the umbrella and soon disappeared from my __14__. I discovered that my eyes were filled with tears.‎ So __15__ did I pay it forward? I was at home when I __16__ two construction workers walking in the heavy rain. They were probably on their way to the construction site near my house, which was a long __17__. I went out and passed them the __18__. They were surprised by my __19__， and I told them they should take the umbrella and keep it. They probably __20__ why a stranger offered such kindness.‎ 语篇解读：一名陌生的男士护送有七个月身孕的“我”到了停车场并把自己的伞给了“我”，为了将他的这份爱心传递下去，“我”把伞给了两名在雨里行走的建筑工人。‎ ‎1．A.thinner　　　　　　　 B．stronger C．lighter D．slower 解析：选C　根据后文“brave the drizzle(毛毛雨)”可知此处应该是当雨下得小一点的时候。‎ ‎2．A.standing B．parked C．waiting D．packed 解析：选B　“我”的车就停在“我”的公司附近，离这儿有三条街那么远。‎ ‎3．A.generally B．specially C．entirely D．mainly 解析：选D　朋友不让“我”去，主要是因为“我”有七个月的身孕。generally“一般来说”；specially“特别地；专门地”；entirely“完全地”；mainly“主要地”。‎ ‎4．A.believed B．advised C．reminded D．promised 解析：选D　我向他们保证“我”会很小心的。believe“相信”；advise“建议”；remind“提醒”；promise“许诺”。‎ ‎5．A.Each B．Neither C．One D．Every 解析：选C　其中一个朋友要陪“我”去，但是“我”坚持让她和另一个需要照看孩子的朋友待在一起。‎ ‎6．A.stay with B．get along with C．meet with D．get rid of 解析：选A　见上题解析。stay with“与……待在一起”；get along with“与……相处”；meet with“遇到”；get rid of“摆脱”。‎ ‎7．A.producing B．making C．building D．ordering 解析：选B　“我”走出了旅店并向车的方向走去。produce“生产”；build“修建”；order“命令”。make one's way to ...“前往……”。‎ ‎8．A.studio B．stop C．factory D．garage 解析：选B　根据后文“a passenger got off the bus”可知是在一个公交车站。‎ ‎9．A.Before B．When C．Since D．After 解析：选A　在“我”弄明白发生了什么事情前，这名男子就走到了“我”的旁边。‎ ‎10．A.around B．beside C．about D．beyond 解析：选B　见上题解析。‎ ‎11．A.understood B．accepted C．refused D．doubted 解析：选C　根据前文“he would escort (护送) me to my destination”可知，“我”好意地拒绝了他。‎ ‎12．A.leaving B．taking C．recording D．passing 解析：选D　他现在能做的就是传递这份爱心。pass on“传递”。‎ ‎13．A.sent B．handed C．carried D．returned 解析：选B　当到了停车场，他把伞给了“我”，然后就消失在“我”的视野里了。‎ ‎14．A.view B．point C．scene D．case 解析：选A　见上题解析。‎ ‎15．A.what B．how C．why D．when 解析：选B　由前文可知，这位男士想传递救了他女儿生命的陌生人的爱心。当爱心传递到“我”这里时，“我”不知道如何将这份爱心继续传递下去。‎ ‎16．A.looked B．taught C．noticed D．heard 解析：选C　当“我”回到家的时候，“我”注意到两名建筑工人在大雨里行走。‎ ‎17．A.sleep B．walk C．work D．drive 解析：选B　建筑工地离“我”的家有很长的一段路。‎ ‎18．A.key B．hat C．jacket D．umbrella 解析：选D　根据上文可知，那位男士把自己的伞给了“我”，“我”看到两名建筑工人在大雨里行走时，就把伞给了他们。‎ ‎19．A.action B．word C．activity D．suggestion 解析：选A　当“我”这位陌生人把伞给这两名建筑工人时，他们肯定会因为“我”的举动而吃惊。word“话语”；activity“活动”；suggestion“建议”。‎ ‎20．A.remembered B．wondered C．imagined D．examined 解析：选B　他们肯定想知道为什么一位陌生人会如此善良。‎ Ⅳ.阅读七选五 As we all know, sleep is very important and necessary.I would love everyone to form the habits below to have better sleep without needing the alarm wakeup call.‎ ‎__1__ If you eat much food an hour before you go to bed, your body will hate you.Your body needs time to digest (消化) while you are still awake.‎ ‎__2__ Something that makes me very angry is when I hear on TV that people just need 30minute exercise a week.That's funny.Every person should be getting 30minute exercise daily along with a healthy diet.When you do exercise, you use energy that your body has to recover from.‎ ‎__3__ The harder you push your body, the faster it falls to sleep and the better it sleeps.Turn the TV off.There are a few shows I watch still, but they will never get in my way of (妨碍) sleep.The bedroom is only for sleeping and a place of rest.__4__‎ ‎　　__5__ A question to ask yourself: If I didn't have an alarm, what time would I get up? If that time is the time you need to get up, you should probably throw away the alarm.If ‎ the time you actually get up is much later than the time you do get up, make great changes to your way of life and the time you go to sleep.No one should need an alarm.‎ A．Exercise for at least 30 minutes every day.‎ B．Eat right and no meals within 4 hours of rest.‎ C．Throw away the alarm.‎ D．Sleep is one of the most important things in our lives.‎ E．Your body recovers when you are sleeping.‎ F．Try to get up as early as you can.‎ G．Take the TV out of your bedroom.‎ 答案：1～5　BAEGC Ⅴ.短文改错 Do you know Li Yang, the founder of Crazy English？He offers parents some advices on family education in his microblog.He advised parents not to give children whatever they want immediately.However, ask them each time whether they ask for a certain thing.Also, it's necessary of parents to tell children everyone should protect the environment and trying to recycle old things.Other important thing parents should always keep it in mind is that parents must teach children to be grateful, especially to the people around them.In my opinion, the guidance is of greatly importance in preparing our children be ready for the future life.‎ 答案：第二句：advices→advice 第三句：advised→advises 第四句：However→Instead; whether→why 第五句：of→for; trying→try 第六句：Other→Another; 去掉keep后的it 第七句：greatly→great; be 前加上to 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 Section_ⅣGrammar_&_Writing　　‎ 一、限制性定语从句 定语从句对先行词具有限制作用，使该词的含义更具体、更明确，这种定语从句被称为限制性定语从句，这类从句不能省掉，否则句意就不完整。‎ The boy (who/whom/that) I taught yesterday was very clever.‎ 我昨天教的那个小男孩很聪明。‎ I was the only person in our class that was praised by the headmaster at the meeting.‎ 我是我们班唯一一个在会议上受到校长表扬的人。‎ I will show you to the supermarket where you can find everything you want.‎ 我带你去一家超市，在那里你能找到你想要的一切东西。‎ 1‎ ‎①(江西高考改编)Among the many dangers which/that sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.‎ ‎②(湖南高考改编)I am looking forward to the day when my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.‎ 二、非限制性定语从句 定语从句有时与先行词的关系不是十分密切，只是作附加说明，不起限制作用，这种从句被称为非限制性定语从句，往往用逗号把这类从句与主句分开。‎ She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into mouth.‎ 她听到一声巨响，这把她的心提到了嗓子眼上。‎ This is our headmaster, who I think has something important to tell you.‎ 这是我们的校长，我认为他有一些重要事情要告诉你。‎ That is his room, whose window faces south.‎ 那是他的房间，房间的窗户朝南。‎ 2‎ ‎①(北京高考改编)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, which my classmates recommended to me.‎ ‎②(浙江高考改编)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, who,_for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.‎ 三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 ‎1．形式不同 限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句必须用逗号和主句隔开。‎ Mr Smith, who came to see me yesterday, is one of my best friends.(非限制性定语从句)‎ 昨天来看我的史密斯先生是我的一位好朋友。‎ I will never forget the day when we worked together.(限制性定语从句)‎ 我永远不会忘记我们在一起工作的日子。‎ 3‎ ‎①(四川高考改编)Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, which is quite unexpected.‎ ‎②(山东高考改编)A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.‎ ‎2．先行词不同 限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是一句话。试比较：‎ This is the best novel that I have ever read.‎ 这是我曾经看过的最好的小说。(先行词是novel)‎ The novel, which I read last night, is very interesting.‎ 这是我昨天晚上看过的小说，非常有意思。(先行词为novel)‎ The novel is very interesting, which makes me very glad.‎ 这部小说很有意思，这让我很高兴。(先行词为“The novel is very interesting”)‎ 4‎ ‎①(天津高考改编)We have launched another manmade satellite, which is announced in today’s newspaper.‎ ‎②(安徽高考改编)The exact year which/that Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.‎ ‎3．关系词的使用情况不同 不同点 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 使用的关系词不同 可用that，why 引导 不可用that，why，要用for which 代替why 关系词的省略情况不同 关系代词作宾语时可省略 所有关系词均不可省略 The house (that/which) I bought last month has got a beautiful garden.‎ 我上个月买的那幢房子有一个漂亮的花园。‎ Can you tell me the reason why he was absent yesterday?‎ 你能告诉我他昨天缺席的原因吗？‎ This is the man (whom/who/that) we are talking about.‎ 这就是我们正谈论的那个人。‎ ‎[点津]　在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时，关系代词可用who, that或whom。但在非限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时，关系代词只能用who或whom。‎ I have a sister, who is a doctor.‎ 我有个姐姐，她是个医生。‎ 四、as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别 ‎1．as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词一般为整个主句；而which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词既可以是整个主句，又可以是主句的一部分。‎ ‎2．as引导的从句位置比较灵活，可位于先行词之前、之中和之后，而which引导的从句仅能位于先行词之后。‎ ‎3．as引导从句时常译为“正如”，而which常译为“这；那”。常用句型有：as we all know, as is known to all, as everybody can see, as is expected等。‎ He did the experiment successfully, as had been expected.‎ 正如期望的那样，他实验做得非常成功。‎ He failed in the experiment, which was unexpected.‎ 他实验失败了，这是没有料到的。‎ As we all know, paper was first made in China.‎ 正如大家所知，纸是中国发明的。‎ Ⅰ.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空 ‎1．I shall never forget those years when I lived in the country with the farmers, which has a great effect on my life.‎ ‎2．His parents wouldn’t marry her to anyone whose family was poor.‎ ‎3．Sometimes the earthquake is so violent that it can destroy the whole city, as happened in Tangshan in 1976.‎ ‎4．My most famous relative of all, the one who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, my great grandfather.‎ ‎5．Finally the thief handed in everything that he had stolen to the police.‎ ‎6．This was the reason that/why he was late yesterday.‎ ‎7．Some preschool children go to a day care center, where they learn simple games and songs.‎ ‎8．This is the place where I lived three years ago.‎ ‎9．This is the place that/which we visited three years ago.‎ ‎10．This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever bought.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Which is known to the world, the 2018 World Cup will be held in Russia.Which→As ‎2．Jim passed the driving test, it surprised everybody in the office.it→which或在it前加上and ‎ ‎3．It is such a big stone that nobody can lift.that→as或在lift后加it ‎4．Our teacher is very strict with us, that does much good to us. that→which或在that前加上and ‎5．He will come to see me next July, which he won’t be so busy. which→when ‎6．The reason why he explained to me is not proper. 去掉why或why→that/which ‎7．They talked about the things and persons whom they remembered when they were young.whom→that 观点对比类议论文 ‎8．He has two sons, both of them are teachers. them→whom或在both前加上and 假如你叫张华，是某中学的高一学生。为营造一个良好的学习环境，学校领导打算在教室里面安装空调。对此，你班学生展开了一场热烈的讨论。请根据下表中的讨论结果，用英语给校长写一封信。‎ 赞成观点 反对观点 你的观点 ‎(1)空调冬暖夏凉，优化学习环境 ‎(2)家庭条件好了，支付得起费用 ‎(1)装空调会污染环境 ‎(2)产生噪音影响学习 ‎(3)增加学生经济负担，有的家庭负担不起 不同意装空调，理由是：‎ ‎(1)……‎ ‎(2)……‎ Dear headmaster，‎ ‎①Knowing that our school is going to install airconditioners in the classrooms, the students of our class had a heated discussion.②Some students are for the plan while others are against it.‎ ‎③Students who are for the plan think that airconditioners can make us comfortable both in summer and in winter.④Besides, their families are well off and can afford the cost.‎ ‎⑤However, other students think that airconditioners can make the environment get worse, and airconditioners will make a lot of noise which will have a bad effect on their studies.⑥Meanwhile, installing airconditioners will increase their economic burden.‎ ‎⑦In my opinion, I don’t agree to install airconditioners.⑧We are students, so we should pay much more attention to our study instead of seeking socalled comfortable conditions.⑨What’s more, the most important thing is that we should protect our environment as well.‎ Best wishes.‎ Yours，‎ Zhang Hua,‎ 第一段：直接说明了辩论主题和参与者。‎ 第二、三段：从正反两方面进行辩论陈述。‎ 第四段：陈述了作者自己的看法和主张。‎ 文章要点全面，结构清晰，论据充分，语句顺畅紧凑。‎ 亮点一：①句中运用现在分词作伴随状语，开门见山地引出话题，能够很好地吸引读者兴趣。‎ 亮点二：④⑤⑥⑦⑨句中，besides, however, meanwhile, in my opinion, what’s more等连接词的运用恰到好处，使上下文逻辑性强，全文语意连贯、丰满。‎ 亮点三：③⑤句运用定语从句，⑨句运用表语从句，结构复杂，语意表达清楚连贯，给文章增色不少。‎ 如何写观点对比类议论文 议论文是通过剖析事物来论述事理、发表意见或提出主张的一种文体，要求作者通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非确定其观点的正确或错误，树立或否定某种观点或主张。观点对比类议论文是从正反两方面辩证地说明某个观点。‎ ‎1．观点对比类议论文的结构通常为：①提出问题；②陈述不同的观点及其理由；③说明自己的观点。‎ ‎2．要做到要点完整，条理清晰。各段之间层次清楚，以使文章显得有条理。从文章结构层次上讲，通常采用三段式。‎ ‎3．正确定位时态，常用一般现在时。行文时要注意关联词的使用，并选择使用恰当的表达方式，如复合句、反问句、祈使句等，使文章不落俗套。‎ ‎4．准确使用常用词汇与结构，使文章更地道。‎ ‎1．文章开头常用语：‎ Recently we have had a discussion/debate ...‎ Some people are in favor of ...‎ Other people are against ...‎ There are different opinions among people as to ...‎ Different people have/hold different views/opinions on this problem.‎ ‎2．陈述正方观点常用语：‎ Some people hold the opinion that ...‎ People who are for the idea think that ...‎ ‎3．陈述反方观点常用语：‎ Others hold a different view/hold the opposite opinion/have different opinions.‎ However, the others are strongly against it.‎ ‎4．陈述个人观点常用语：‎ In my opinion/As for me/Personally speaking, it is a good idea ...‎ My point of view is that ...‎ As far as I’m concerned, every coin has two sides.‎ 下面是你班同学对志愿工作看法的调查表，请根据表中的内容写一篇短文，最后阐述你自己的观点。‎ ‎70%的同学赞成参加志愿工作 为社会作贡献，帮助别人是一件很有意义的事情，志愿工作会带来很多好处，会为今后的工作积累技能和经验，可以增强自信心、自觉意识和培养良好的交际能力和领导才能 ‎30%的同学不赞成从事志愿工作 无报酬，浪费时间，耽误学习 你自己的观点 ‎……‎ 词数：100左右。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 参考范文：‎ Different students hold different views about the voluntary work according to the survey.‎ We are glad to see that 70% of the students approve of doing voluntary work. In their opinion, making a contribution to the society and lending a helping hand to others is ‎ worthwhile. At the same time, it brings a lot of benefits. People can gain valuable experience and skills for the future career. What’s more, voluntary work offers a good number of opportunities for them to build confidence, selfawareness, good communication skills and leadership.‎ However, 30% of the students disapprove of doing voluntary work. They think that working without payment is a waste of time and that voluntary work will affect their study.‎ In my opinion, we’d better take the chance to take part in voluntary work, no matter how small it is, because it can do much good to us.‎