【英语】湖南师范大学附属中学2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试试题(解析版)

【英语】湖南师范大学附属中学2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试试题(解析版)

湖南省师范大学附属中学2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 略 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分） ‎ 第一节（共10小题;每小题2. 5分，满分25分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A San Francisco Fire Engine Tours San Francisco Winery Tour Running: February 1st through April 30th This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in tickets price)‎ Departing from the Cannery: Tell time upon request.‎ Duration(时长)：2 hours Price: $90‎ Back to the Fifties Tour Running: August 16th through August 31st This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco’s most fantastic periods, the 1950s! Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.‎ Departing from the Cannery 5:00 pm and 7:00 pm Duration:2 hours Price:$90‎ Spooky Halloween Tour Running: October 10th through October 31st Join us for a ride through the historical Presidio district .Authentic fire gear （服装）is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco Departing from the Cannery:6:30 pm and 8:30 pm Duration :1 hour and 30 minutes Price: Available upon request Holiday Lights Tour Running: December 6th through December 23nd This tractive four takes you to some of San Francis’s most cheerful holiday scenes. Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit.‎ Departing from the Cannery 7:00 pm and 9:00 pm Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes Advance reservations required.‎ ‎1. Which of the tours is available in March?‎ A. Back to the Fifties Tour. B. San Francisco Winery Tour.‎ C. Spooky Hallowen Tour. D. Holiday Lights Tour.‎ ‎2. What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tours?‎ A. Go to Treasure Island B. Enjoy the holiday scenes.‎ C. Have free ice cream. D. Visit the Presidio district.‎ ‎3. What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour?‎ A. Take some drinks. B. Make reservations in advance.‎ C. Set off early in the morning. D. Wear warm clothes.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了旧金山的四个旅游活动及路线。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据San Francisco Winery Tour部分中的“Running: February 1st through April 30th”可知，旧金山酒厂之旅的时间是2月1日到4月30日，可以在3月份参加，故B项正确。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Back to the Fifties Tour部分中的“Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.”可知，参加重返五零年代之旅可以免费品尝冰淇淋，故C项正确。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Holiday Lights Tour部分中的“Advance reservations required.”可知，参加节日灯之旅需要提前预定，故C项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】广告类应用文的设题多为细节理解题，解答这类题型一般采用寻读法，先看试题，再看文章，对有关信息进行快速定位，再分析、对比相关信息，排除干扰项，选出正确答案，解答此类题型一定要注意不要遗漏相关信息，例如本篇的三道题都可以根据题干定位到相关的部分，从而得出答案。‎ B Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climbing up a hill for a panoramic(全景的) of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.‎ Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.‎ Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didn’t want to mess with that.‎ Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.‎ This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I don’t even know has been immortalized. In some ways, she lives in my house.‎ Perhaps we all live in each other’s spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.‎ That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.‎ ‎4. What happened when the author was about to take a photo?‎ A. Her camera stopped working. B. A woman blocked her view.‎ C. Someone asked her to leave. D. A friend approached from behind.‎ ‎5. In the author’s opinion, what makes the photo so alive?‎ A. The rich color of the landscape. B. The perfect positioning of the camera.‎ C. The woman’s existence in the photo. D. The soft sunlight that summer day.‎ ‎6. The passage can be seen as the author’s reflections upon ________.‎ A. a particular life experience B. the pleasure of traveling C. the art of photography D. a lost friendship ‎【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者描述了他无奈拍摄的一张被女人干扰的照片却显得尤为生动的故事，他明白了共享的美丽。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view.可知，当作者要拍照时一个女人挡住了她的视线。故选B。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.可知，作者认为照片中的女人的存在使照片生动起来。故选C。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Perhaps we all live in each other’s spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire ‎ for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.可知，这篇文章可以看作是作者对某一特定人生经历的反思。故选A。‎ C A meteorite（陨石）moved quickly across the sky and exploded(爆炸）over central Russia on Feb. 15, raining fireballs over a vast area and causing a shock wave that smashed windows, damaged buildings and injured 1,200 people.‎ People heading to work in Chelyabinsk heard what sounded like an explosion, saw a bright light and then felt the shock wave, according to a Reuters journalist in the industrial city 1 , 500 km east of Moscow.‎ The fireball, travelling at a speed of 30 km per second according to Russian Federal Space Agency （Roscosmos） , had blazed（熊熊燃烧）across the horizon（地平 线），leaving a long white trail that could be seen as far as 200 km away.‎ Car alarms went off， thousands of windows were broken and mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time. The Interior Ministry said the meteorite explosion, a very rare sight, also released a great explosive sound.‎ ‎“I was driving to work. It was quite dark, but it suddenly became bright as if it were day," said Viktor Prokofiev, 36, a resident（居民）of Yekaterinburg in the Ural Mountains. felt like I was blinded by headlights（车前灯）.”‎ The meteorite， which weighed about 10 tonnes and may have been made of iron, entered Earth's atmosphere and broke apart 30 km—50 km above ground, according to Russia's Academy of Sciences.‎ ‎“The energy released（(释放）when it entered the Earth's atmosphere was equal to a few kilo tonnes," the academy said, “the power of a small atomic weapon exploding. ”‎ No deaths were reported but the Emergencies Ministry said 20, 000 rescue and clean-up workers were sent to Ural Region after President Vladimir Putin told Emergencies Minister Vladimir Puchkov to ease and help the victims.‎ The Interior Ministry said about 1,200 people had been injured, at least 200 of them were children, and most from broken pieces of glass.‎ ‎7. What do we learn about the meteorite from the passage?‎ A. It is a very huge ball made of iron.‎ B. It quickly broke apart on the ground.‎ C. It exploded over Russia's Ural Region.‎ D. It's similar to an A-bomb in weight.‎ ‎8. The underlined word “smashed" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “_____”.‎ A. broke B. melted C. burned D. cleared ‎9. We can know from the passage that _____.‎ A. Moscow is 1,500 kilometers away from the east of Chelyabinsk B. many houses were destroyed, with lots of people reported missing C. Viktor Prokofiev became blind after seeing the rare sight D. the shock wave briefly influenced mobile phone networks ‎10. What can be the best title for the passage?‎ A. "Meteorite Rush” Begins in Russia B. President Putin Orders Assistance C. Meteorite Hits Russia, 1,200 People Hurt D. Meteorite Flies Quickly Across Russia ‎【答案】7. C 8. A 9. D 10. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了陨石划过天空在俄罗斯中部的乌拉尔地区爆炸的事件。文章详细记述了当时人们看到的情景和感受，以及它对周围环境的影响。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的A meteorite moved quickly across the sky and exploded（爆炸）over central Russia on Feb. 15（2月15日，一颗陨石迅速地划过天空在俄罗斯中部爆炸）和第五段中的“I was driving to work. It was quite dark, but it suddenly became bright as if it were day,” said Viktor Prokofiev, 36, a resident of Yekaterinburg in the Ural Mountains. （乌拉尔地区叶卡捷琳堡的一位居民说：“我正在开车去上班的路上。天很黑了，但是突然又亮的像是白天一样”）可知，这块陨石是在俄罗斯中部的乌拉尔地区爆炸的，故选C。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第一段句意可知，陨石划过天空在俄罗斯中部爆炸，火球像雨点一样落在广阔的区域，产生了冲击波使玻璃震碎、损坏大楼，使1200人受伤。呼应第四段中的Car ‎ alarms went off, thousands of windows were broken。所以空格处单词与broken是近义呼应，都是形容windows的。A. broke“弄碎，弄坏”；B. melted“熔化”；C. burned“烧毁”；D. cleared“清除，使干净”。故选A。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中的mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time（手机的网络信号被中断了一小会）可知，冲击波使移动网络短时间内中断。故选D。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。这是一篇新闻报道，根据题材特点，首段就点名了这篇文章的中心内容。由第一段段意“陨石划过天空在俄罗斯中部爆炸，火球像雨点一样落在广阔的区域，产生了冲击波使玻璃震碎、损坏大楼，使1200人受伤。”可知，这篇报道不仅要告诉读者这件事件，还要向读者传达它带来的严重后果，以及它对周围环境的影响。A项“ ‘Meteorite Rush’开始于俄罗斯”；B项“总统普京下令救援”；C项“陨石袭击俄罗斯，1200人受伤”；D项“陨石迅速飞过俄罗斯”，只有选项C在交代事件的同时也强调了后果，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】猜测词义题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。从近三年考查形势看，三种考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是生词词义猜测。这种题型的解法主要是在划线词所在句子的前后找到该句话的同义句或者释义句，再根据同义句或者释义句的意思推断出划线单词的意思。例如本文第二题，考查的就是生词词义猜测，由其后的“damaged”、“injured”可知，这句话强调陨石爆炸造成的严重后果，再结合生词后的宾语windows，可知选择broke更符合逻辑。但是由于这是一篇新闻报道，第一段讲述本文的重要内容，其后段落还会对这些要点进行展开，所以我们会发现在第四段讲述陨石爆炸造成的影响时，也出现了windows，那么前后就构成了完全的呼应关系。所以划线单词与thousands of windows were broken呼应。由此可得出答案。所以这是一种很简便、快捷、准确的方法，但是需要同学们多积累与篇章相关的知识，能够通过题材特点与篇章结构发现这种呼应关系。‎ 第二节（共5小题;每题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。‎ I recently received an e-mail from a wise speaker. In his e-mail, he pointed out some obstacles that lie ahead on the way to success. ___11___‎ Laziness. Even with a right goal and the courage to pursue it, your efforts will be in vain unless you're willing to take actions. ___12___ Post your visions and plans in your bedroom, bathroom and office. Share them with others. In that case, everyone could be your supervisor. Make yourself responsible and become the master of your destiny.‎ Doubt. ___13___ Life and work can be hard and even cruel. Remember, the race is not for the smartest but for those who don't give up. Rather than allowing doubt to stand in your path, you owe it to yourself to remain confident in your plan. ___14___‎ Dishonesty. As you begin to be successful, you'll tend to lie, exaggerate（夸大）, and cheat in order to move your agenda forward. However, taking the easy way of dishonesty will make you become the person you hate. ___15___ True success comes when you are a person of your word, when you have a pure conscience（良心），and when you have not cheated others on your way to the top.‎ A. Only the brave can overcome this first obstacle.‎ B. His thoughts were so deep and insightful that I edited them.‎ C. Write down your goals and the action steps you'll take to pursue those goals.‎ D. In the end, it causes far more problems than taking the risk of telling the truth.‎ E. Adjust it as needed along the way, but always know that success will ultimately be yours.‎ F. Once you've made a decision, doubt is a worm that eats away at your ability to succeed.‎ G. If you can't experience gratitude, you might as well have stayed exactly where you started.‎ ‎【答案】11. B 12. C 13. F 14. E 15. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章向读者传达了成功路上需克服的几个障碍：懒惰、不自信以及不诚实。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 空格位于段尾。分析文章的篇章结构，可知，这篇文章采用的是总分形式，这句话起承上启下的作用，引出下面作者即将论述的三点内容。空格前一句句意为：在他的邮件里，他指出了成功路上需要克服的一些障碍。选项B（他的想法非常深刻且有洞察力，于是我将引用它们。）与上一句句意符合，且其中的his与上句中的he形成很明显的呼应关系，故选B。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 空格位于段中。由空格所在段落的第一句话“Laziness”可知，这段内容是与懒惰紧密相关的。空格前一句句意为：即使目标正确，你也有勇气去实现它，如果你不采取行动，你的努力也将会变得无价值。选项C（写下你的目标和你要实现那些目标需要采取的行动）与上句句意吻合。并且其中的goals与the action steps都可与上一句形成呼应关系。故选C。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 空格位于段中。虽然空格位于段中，但是第一句是本段中心词。所以第一句会紧密围绕中心词展开。由“Doubt”可知，这段主要讲怀疑。选项F（一旦你做了决定，怀疑就像一条毛毛虫能消耗掉你成功的能力）是对doubt的解释，并且这句话主语doubt也与中心词呼应。故选F。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 空格位于段尾。空格上一句句意为：不要让怀疑挡在你的路上，你要自己决定保证对你的计划充满自信。选项E（需要的时候可以调整它，但是要记住成功最终会是你自己的。）与上句句意吻合，且其中的it指代上句中的plan，“always know that success will ultimately be yours”与上句中的“Rather than allowing doubt to stand in your path”也呼应。故选E。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 空格位于段中。由首句“Dishonesty”可知，这段内容主要与“不诚实”有关。选项D（最后，它会造成比讲真话带来的风险更多的问题。）是描述的Dishonesty的后果，并且其中的“telling the truth”与Dishonesty形成反义呼应。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五题目主要考查学生综合的英语逻辑思维能力。一篇好的短文，不仅在内容上要前后一致，而且还要语篇结构清晰，上下文逻辑意义严谨。内容的前后一致体现在段内及语篇内话题的自然过渡。语篇结构主要体现为：文章是总分结构，还是按时间或空间顺序发展的，还是辩证三段论的编排的。逻辑意义的严谨最主要的可以通过代词、连词和副词等形式来体现。例如本文通过看首段及后续段落的首句可知：这篇文章总体上是总分的形式，每个段落内部都是围绕本段第一个词展开的。本题中的第三题与第五题就是利用段落中心词与段落内内容一致的原则解题；第二题、第五题采用上下句逻辑关系的一致性解题，第一题利用句子承上启下的作用以及与上句之间的关键词呼应关系解题。具体解题步骤参看详解。所以拿到一篇文章，同学们首先要根据篇章类型与空格位置推断使用什么方法解题，有助于加快解题速度。‎ 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。‎ Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.‎ It was a need that he first ___16___ back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an education, he was ___17___ against many difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldn't afford the ___18___ at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to ___19___ classes. Study had to be done ___20___his farm-work routines. He stopped taking part in many school activities because he didn't have the time or the ___21___. He had only one good suit. He tried for the football team, ___22___ the coach turned him down for being too ___23___. During this period Dale was slowly ___24___ an inferiority complex （自卑感），which his mother knew could ____25____ him from achieving his real potential. She suggested that Dale join the ____26____team, believing that ____27____ in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.‎ Dale took his mother's advice, tried desperately and after several attempts ____28____made it. This proved to be a ____29____ point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the ____30____ he needed. And his hard work ____31____. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top ____32____ in speech. Now other students were coming to him for coaching and later they, ____33____, were winning contests.‎ Out of this early struggle to ____34____ his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to ____35____ an idea to an audience builds a person's confidence. And, with it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do—and so could others.‎ ‎16. A. wanted B. recognized C. supplied D. filled ‎17. A. dealing B. succeeding C. struggling D. trying ‎18. A. board B. equipment C. teaching D. training ‎19. A. skip B. participate C. instruct D. attend ‎20. A. between B. during C. over D. through ‎21. A. idea B. interest C. clothes D. talent ‎22. A. so B. which C. but D. as ‎23. A. outstanding B. light C. optimistic D. easygoing ‎24. A. gaining B. achieving C. seeking D. developing ‎25. A. prevent B. protect C. save D. free ‎26. A. singing B. debating C. running D. horse-riding ‎27. A. presence B. potential C. patience D. practice ‎28. A. hopefully B. certainly C. finally D. naturally ‎29. A. key B. turning C. breaking D. basic ‎30. A. confidence B. experience C. ability D. progress ‎31. A. paid in B. paid up C. paid back D. paid off ‎32. A. race B. work C. praise D. honor ‎33. A. in return B. in brief C. in turn D. in charge ‎34. A. convey B. overcome C. understand D. build ‎35. A. express B. stress C. contribute D. reply ‎【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了戴尔·卡耐基从不为人所知，到享有国际声誉。他从年轻时候的不自信，在他母亲的帮助下不断奋斗，最终成为最成功的演说家。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：在1906年，当年轻的戴尔是沃伦斯堡州立师范学院三年级学生时，他首次发现这种需要。A. wanted想要；B. recognized认出，识别；C. supplied提供；D. filled装满。空格处单词与上文“he found a way to fill a universal human need（他找到了一种方法能够满足全人类的需求）”中的found呼应，他发现的方法也就是他识别出，辨认出的方法，故选B。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：为了能受教育，卡耐基与许多困难作斗争。deal（后面一般跟介词with）处理；succeed成功（后面一般跟介词in）；struggle against与……作斗争；try尝试。这里空格后的宾语是“difficulties（困难）”，所以应是他与困难作斗争。故选C。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：他的爸爸付不起他上大学的食宿费，不能住宿，因此他每天不得不骑马跑12英里去上课。A. board（在外住宿的）膳食；B. equipment设备C. teaching教学；D. training训练。由“Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to ___4___ classes（他每天不得不骑马跑12英里去上课）”可知，他的父亲是没钱支付食宿费。故选A。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意同上。A. skip逃跑；B. participate参与；C. instruct教授；D. attend参加。由上文中的“Dale was a junior”可知，戴尔是学生，所以他每天来回12公里是去上课。“attend class”意为“上课”，故选D。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查介词词义辨析。句意：学习不得不在日常农活之间完成。 A. between在……之间；B. during在……期间；C. over在……上方；D．through穿过。由于课业只能在做农活间隙完成，不可能又干农活又写作业。故选A。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：他停止了参加学校的一些活动因为他没有时间也没有衣服。A. idea想法；B. interest兴趣；C. clothes衣服；D. talent才能。根据后句“He had only one good suit.（他只有一套好的套装。）”可以推测出这里用名词clothes。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：戴尔想争取加入橄榄球队，但因为他体重较轻，教练拒绝了他。A. so因此；B. which 哪一个；C. but但是；D. as因为。根据句意，上下句之间为转折关系，故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. outstanding出色的；B. light轻的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. easygoing脾气随和的。教练拒绝了他，结合选项，教练拒绝他的原因只可能是因为他体重太轻。其它三个都是褒义词。故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个时期，戴尔慢慢形成一种自卑感，他的母亲知道这种自卑感会阻止他获得他的真正的潜能。A. gaining获得；B. achieving取得；C. seeking寻求；D. developing形成。由宾语an inferiority complex（自卑感）可知，他是慢慢形成了自卑感，其它三个动词都不合适。故选D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. prevent阻止；B. protect保护；C. save拯救；D. free释放。这里考查短语prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事。故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她建议戴尔去参加辩论团队，因为她相信口才练习能够给他自信。从下文的speaking和speech可知，戴尔进行了关于口才的训练，因此选debating team（辩论团队）。故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. presence出现；B. potential潜能；C. patience耐心；D. practice练习。根据下文的tried desperately和hard work可知，文章强调个人的努力，practice是最佳答案。故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：戴尔听从了他母亲的建议，不顾一切的尝试，几次尝试之后，最终成功了。A. hopefully有希望地；B. certainly当然，一定；C. finally最终；D. naturally自然地。根据这句话中的“tried desperately（拼命地尝试）”与“after several attempts（几次尝试后）”可知，戴尔获得成功不容易，故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这被证明是他生命中的一个转折点。A. key关键的；B. turning转折的；C. breaking破裂的；D. basic基本的。从上文中的“Dale was slowly ___9___ an inferiority complex （自卑感）”，可知，戴尔之前人生受挫，形成了自卑感。由下文中的“By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top ___17___ in speech.”可知，从那之后，戴尔的人生开始有起色，所以最佳选项为“转折点”。故选B。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在人群面前演讲的确帮助他获得他需要的自信。A. confidence自信；B. experience经历，经验；C. ability能力；D. progress进步。从上文可知，妈妈想让他通过口才训练获得自信和认可。空格处单词与上文“could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.”中的“confidence”呼应，故选A。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：戴尔在演讲上颇为成功。到毕业班年级的时候，赢得了每个演讲比赛的最高奖项。A. pay in缴款，存钱入银行；B. pay up付清；C. pay ‎ back偿还，报答；D. pay off付清，取得成功。由下句“he had won every top ___17___ in speech”可知，戴尔的努力没白费，成功了。故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. race（一般指速度竞技）比赛；B. work工作；C. praise赞扬，表扬；D. honor荣耀。荣誉。win top honor意为“夺冠”符合句意。故选D。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：现在，其他学生都来向他寻求指导。而他们也依次赢得了竞赛。A. in return作为回报；B. in brief简言之；C. in turn轮流；D. in charge 负责。由句意可知，之前戴尔学习演讲，学有所成以后培训别人，他的学生后来一个个地也开始获奖。in turn依次，为最佳选项。学生有所成就不是为了报答老师，不选return。故选C。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：出于这早期的他克服自卑感努力，戴尔开始理解他向听众表达观念的能力建立了一个人的自信。A. convey传达；B. overcome克服；C. understand理解；D. build建立。空格处单词与第九题中的develop的形成翻译呼应，前边强调他逐渐形成了自卑感，所以这里强调他克服这种自卑感的经历。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. express表达；B. stress强调；C. contribute贡献；D. reply回复。根据常识，演讲就是向听众表达观点。故选A。‎ 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ When I was a little girl, my family moved to a tiny town at the bottom of a big mountain. One day after school, while ___36___ (explore) the green woods of this magnificent mountain, I almost ___37___ (fall) on a set of stairs. What could these steps lead to? ___38___ (curious) got the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon. I started climbing up those strangely ___39___(mystery) steps.‎ I climbed and climbed. There was nothing ___40___ just green bushes and these steps. I had to reach the top! However, it was now getting really dark. My mum ___41___(be) worried sick if I didn't come home soon. So I ran back home almost in the dark and tried not to get too scared.‎ Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about ___42___ I would find at the top of this magical mountain. Could there be a castle up there? Maybe I would find a monster. Maybe I was taking ‎ the risk of never coming back home. Or, maybe all I would find was ___43___ (absolute) nothing! But something inside me was going to climb that mountain ___44___ all cost. I could hardly wait ____45____ (try) this adventure again.‎ ‎【答案】36. exploring ‎37. fell 38. Curiosity ‎39. mysterious ‎40. but 41. would be ‎42. what 43. absolutely ‎44. at 45. to try ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者小时候在一个大山脚下看到了一组台阶，他很好奇，就往上爬。但是由于天色晚了，怕妈妈担心，作者带着遗憾回去了。回到家，他依旧在幻想要是继续爬，在山顶上会找到什么。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查现在分词作状语。句意：一天放学后，当我正在探索这座雄伟的山的时候，我差点在一组台阶上摔倒。这是一个时间状语从句，主语I 与explore之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填exploring。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查一般过去时。句意同上。根据这句话的时间状语“One day after school”可知，这句话应用一般过去时。故填fell。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：尽管我知道天很快就要黑了，但是好奇心还是让我想试试。空格处单词在句中作主语，所以空格处填名词形式。“curious（好奇的）”的名词形式为curiosity，故填Curiosity。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：我开始向上爬那些神秘的台阶。空格处单词修饰名词steps，所以应用形容词形式。“mystery（神秘的事物）”的形容词为mysterious，故填mysterious。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：除了绿色的灌木与那些台阶外，什么都没有。“除了”可翻译为but，故填but。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查过去将来时。句意：如果我不赶快回去，我的妈妈将会很担心。由从句中的didn’t可知，从句动作发生在过去。根据句意，主句动作发生在从句动作之后，所以主句应使用过去将来时。故填would be。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：我急切地躺在床上想象着我会在神奇的山顶发现什么。这是一个宾语从句，主句缺宾语，从句也缺少宾语，所以空格处应使用连接词what。故填what。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：或许我什么也发现不了。空格处单词修饰系动词was，所以应使用副词形式。故填absolutely。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查介词短语。句意：但是我内心深处的某种东西让我打算不惜任何代价去攀登那座山。“不惜任何代价”可翻译为at all cost，故填at。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查不定式。句意：我几乎等不及再次冒险。“迫不及待做某事”应翻译为“can’t wait to do sth.”，因为迫不及待做得事情是还没有发生的。故填to try。‎ 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）‎ ‎46.假定你是李华,你从澳大利亚朋友Chris发给你的邮件中得知他刚从加拿大回国， 请你给他回一封邮件,咨询他一些相关事情。内容包括：‎ ‎1. 与谁结伴同行？‎ ‎2. 逗留时间长度和住宿地点？‎ ‎3. 能否分享他的一些旅行经历趣事？‎ 注意：1. 词数80左右；‎ ‎2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；‎ ‎3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Chris,‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Chris,‎ I’m so glad to hear that you’re back home safe from your trip to Canada. You must have had a fun time there，right? I’m writing to ask you some personal questions.‎ Did you go there alone or with someone else? How long did you stay there? Did you stay in a home-stay family or at a hotel? Could you please show me some pictures taken there and share with me some of your exciting traveling experiences?‎ I’m looking forward to being on a trip with you next time.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ 这是一封咨询信及提纲作文。题干中给出了文章写作时应包含的三个要点，同学们不需要对这些要点多加发挥，只需要在信件前后加上正常的交际语以及问候语，是文章显得浑然一体即可。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题：确定时态和人称。这封信的写作背景是你的澳大利亚朋友Chris刚从加拿大回国，你作为李华写信咨询他旅游时的相关信息。所以时态应以一般过去时为主，人称以第二人称为主。‎ 第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）‎ be back home safe from…（从……安全回国）；have a fun time（玩的开心）；home-stay family（寄宿家庭）；share with me…（与我分享……）；pictures taken there（在那儿拍的照片）；traveling experiences（旅行经历）；be looking forward to…（期望……）；be on a trip with you（同你一起旅行）等。‎ 第三步：遣词造句：同学们在写作时不能逐句翻译，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯，同时要点表述要完整，文章要通顺，准确使用时态和语态。‎ 第四步：连句成文：写作时要适当使用连词、过渡词和插入语，使文章浑然一体。同时恰当而合理地使用一些高级词汇和句型，如定语从句等，以提高文章档次。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多句式，如：第一段第一句使用了that引导的宾语从句；第二段连用四个疑问句，具体传达了作者想要知道的问题；第三段第一句使用了动名词作宾语。此外本文还使用了一些高级词汇， be back home safe from…；have a fun time；home-stay family；share with me…；pictures taken there；traveling experiences；be looking forward to…；be on a trip with you等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节 概要写作（满分25分）‎ ‎47.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ Many couples who already have one healthy, happy child, are facing a dilemma（困境），that is, the issue of whether to have a second child or not. They have hard jobs and limited time and money, but they want to make sure that their only child does not become a lonely child. So, what are the advantages and disadvantages of having a second child? That is what so many couples are very much concerned about and eager to understand.‎ One popular saying is that one child means a lonely child. That's why many single- child parents plan to have a second child. They feel guilty about their decision to have only one child, because there are no other children in the family for their only child to play with, which may make the child feel lonely at times, especially during vacations.‎ Another common argument against having just one child is that an only child may be more spoiled than one with brothers or sisters. If one couple have only one child, the child can't learn to share things with others and is less capable of getting along well with other children than one who grows up with brothers or sisters.‎ However, in many parts of the world, more and more parents are still choosing not to have a second child because they argue that there are advantages for the child as well as the parents. With just one child, they suggest, there is little chance of family arguments concerned with children. Besides, as an only child in the family, the child can receive more quality time and attention. This often leads to increased self-respect and independence, which can lead to the child being more confident.‎ Unluckily, there is no simple answer to the question of whether or not to have a second child. Every family is different, and what is suitable for one family may not be for another. The ‎ important thing, in the end, is to make a decision that both you and your spouse（配偶）feel confident about.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】【参考范文l】‎ Whether to have a second child puzzle many couples. Some believe it means being no longer lonely and helps their children learn to share and become sociable. However. Having one child will let the child become more independent and confident due to more quality life and attention to the child. Of course, it’s decided by the couples.‎ ‎【参考范文 2】‎ Opinions are divided as for whether to have a second child. To avoid their child being lonely and spoiled, many couples prefer to have a second child. But still more people would rather choose not to do so because it might increase family problems and “more children” means “less quality time and attention”, which in turn makes them less confident and self-respectful. Anyhow, it’s important to make the decision by the parents themselves.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文的概要写作。议论文一般都有论点、论据、论证，同学们只要把文章的结构理清楚了，写这篇概要写作就容易很多。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：阅读文本，分析文章的写作结构。第一段提出文章议论的主题：what are the advantages and disadvantages of having a second child?（有二孩的好处和坏处有什么？）；第二段第三段论述的是有二孩的好处；第四段论述的是没有二孩的好处，最后一段表明结论：是否要二孩没有固定的答案，最重要的是夫妻双方做出适合自己的决定。‎ 第二步：确定内容摘要的写作结构。第一句话点名主题，第二句写要二孩的好处（总结第二段与第三段），第三句写没有二孩的好处，最后一句总结文章中的结论。‎ 第三步：列提纲 （重点词组）‎ puzzle（使困惑）；being no longer lonely（不再孤单）；help… learn to share（帮……学会分享）；become sociable（变得善于交际）；become more independent and confident（变得更加独立和自信）；due to（由于）；be decided by…（被……决定）等。‎ 第四步：遣词造句：同学们在写作时不能逐句翻译，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯，同时要点表述要完整，文章要通顺，准确使用时态和语态。‎ 第五步：连句成文：写作时要适当使用连词、过渡词和插入语，使文章浑然一体。同时恰当而合理地使用一些高级词汇和句型，如定语从句等，以提高文章档次。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多句式，如：第一句使用了whether引导的主语从句；第二句使用了宾语从句；第三句使用了动名词作主语与表示原因的介词短语due to。此外本文还使用了一些高级词汇，puzzle；being no longer lonely；help… learn to share；become sociable；become more independent and confident（变得更加独立和自信）；due to；be decided by…等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎