【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题时态和语态学案（8页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题时态和语态学案（8页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习语法专题 时态和语态学案 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 ‎1．—Did you enjoy the party?‎ ‎—Yes，We__were_treated__(treat) well by our hosts.‎ 解析：根据上下文，这里谈的是举行过的一次聚会，应该用过去时，并且“我们”是被主人招待的，所以需用一般过去时的被动语态。句意：——你喜欢这个聚会吗？——是的，我们的主人很好地招待了我们。‎ ‎2．In the last few years，China__has_made__(make) great achievements in environmental protection.‎ 解析：时间状语in/over the last few years与现在完成时连用。句意：在过去的几年中，中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大成就。‎ ‎3．—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.‎ ‎—All right.I__will_call__(call) him later.‎ 解析：据第一句的时态判断，Dr. Jackson目前不在办公室，所以打电话是将来的事。句意：——Dr. Jackson现在不在办公室。——好的，我待会再给他打。‎ ‎4．Jane can't attend the meeting at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she__will_be_teaching__(teach) a class at that time.‎ 解析：根据题干时间状语3 o'clock this afternoon的提示可知，动作发生时间为将来；而句尾的at that time为一个特定的时间点，因此，该题强调在将来的大时间背景下的某一个特定时间点发生的事，故用将来进行时。‎ ‎5．Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement__has_been_reached__(reach) so far by the two sides.‎ 解析：本句中的时间状语so far表示“到目前为止”，为现在完成时的标志词。reach no agreement短语中no agreement作主语，reach要用被动，故结合时态可知填has been reached。‎ ‎6．Marty __has_been_working__(work) really hard on his book and he thinks he'll have finished it by Friday.‎ 解析：由后文提示he'll have finished it by Friday可知，work动作发生在过去，延续到现在，现在还在进行，故要用现在完成进行时态。句意：马蒂一直在非常认真地写书，他认为他在周五前将会完成。‎ ‎7．Just as I got to the school gate，I realized I __had_left__(leave) my book in the cafe.‎ 解析：“我把书忘在了咖啡馆”发生在“我意识到这件事”之前，而“我意识到”是发生在过去的一个动作，故“忘记”应用过去完成时。‎ ‎8．It is reported that a space station __will_be_built__(build) on the moon in years to come.‎ 解析：时间状语in years to come(在将来的几年里)，故主语从句的时态用一般将来时；太空站是被建造，用被动语态。‎ ‎9．Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child，few people guessed that he __would_be__(be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.‎ 解析：主句时态是过去时，从句动作在过去的时间上看是将来的事情，故用过去将来时。‎ ‎10．As you go through this book, you __will_find__(find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.‎ 解析：一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。在一般将来时的句子中，有时会出现表示将来时的时间状语，若不出现时间状语，要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。句意：当你通读这本书的时候，你将会发现数百万的经历过二战的每个人都有不同的经历。‎ ‎11．He must have sensed that I __was_looking__(look)at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly，“Why are you staring at me like that？”‎ 解析：题干中没有出现具体的时间状语，可以从意义上去把握。此句在意义上应该用进行时，又根据此句中的must have sensed和glanced at可知是过去进行时。句意：他一定感觉到我在看着他。他突然看向我然后轻声问道：“你为什么一直那样盯着我看？”‎ ‎12．I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy，but__was_held__(hold)back thankfully by the shop window.‎ 解析：被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。hold back阻隔，隐瞒。句意：我非常想进去玩玩具，但是我幸好被橱窗阻隔了。根据句意，此句含有被动语态在里面，hold back要用被动语态。‎ ‎13．More expressways__will_be_built__(build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.‎ 解析：根据题干中的时间状语soon可知，用将来时。expressways与build为被动关系，用被动语态。句意：四川不久将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地经济的发展。‎ ‎14．—Is Peter coming?‎ ‎—No，he __changed__(change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.‎ 解析：句意：——Peter来吗？——没有，刚才接到一个电话后改变主意了。根据at the last minute发生在过去，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎15．In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat __has_been__(be) cut.‎ 解析：表示动作已经发生或完成用现在完成时。句意：在我的家乡，收麦过后农民会举行一个丰收晚宴。‎ ‎16．To my delight，I __was_chosen__(choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.‎ 解析：主语I与choose之间为动宾关系；再由语境可知，choose的动作已经完成，故要用一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：令我高兴的是，我被从数百名参与者中选中参加开幕式。‎ ‎17．—Where is Peter？I can't find him anywhere.‎ ‎—He went to the library after breakfast and __has_been_writing__(write) his essay there ever since.‎ 解析：由句子中的时间状语ever since可知，本句要用现在完成时态或者现在完成进行时态。由语境可知，write动作现在还在进行，要用现在完成进行时态。句意：——皮特呢？我到处找不到他。——他早饭后去图书馆了。自那之后就一直在那儿写文章。‎ ‎18．The real reason why prices__were__(be), and still are，too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.‎ 解析：根据语境，prices...still are，too high，推出前一空是想说明prices过去也高。故用过去式。该题中still是关键。句意：价格过去高，现在仍旧太高的原因很复杂，短暂的讨论是不能令人满意地解释这个问题的。‎ ‎19．The young firefighter insisted that he __was__(be) well－prepared and __(should)_be_sent__(send) there to put out the fire.‎ 解析：句意为：那位年轻的消防员坚持说他准备好了，并且坚持要去那里救火。当insist意为“坚持说；坚持认为”时用陈述语气，故第一空填was；当insist意为“坚持”时，从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”，又因为firefighter与send之间为被动关系，故填(should) be sent。‎ ‎20．Many parents don't want to face it, but the world today is a lot different than it __was__(be) in their school days.‎ 解析：句意为：(尽管)许多父母不愿意去面对，但今天的世界与他们在学校的岁月已大不相同。根据语境及时间状语in their school days可知用一般过去时。‎ Ⅱ. 语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Dad quit drinking exactly one year before I was born. He joined a group of other people. He said they __1. had_stopped__ (stop) drinking, too. I loved my dad __2. but__ I hated the way his weekly meetings took him away from me. It seemed that they were more important to him than I was. But with my birthday coming up I thought Dad __3. would_make__ (make) an exception. I begged him not to miss it but __4. was_refused__ (refuse). He said, “I am chairing the meeting this Saturday. We __5. will_have__ (have) your party on Sunday. Why not come with me together tonight? It's an open meeting. All __6. are__ (be) welcome.” I agreed. Maybe I needed to see why something Dad did every week mattered so much.‎ After we arrived, Dad announced __7. the__ theme of the meeting was going to be gratitude. He told his story about giving up smoking. __8. Later__ (late), a man called Dave also told his story. Only then did I know it was Dad that saved his life __9. from__ drinking. Showing up week after week and meeting with people, Dad __10. was_changing__ (change) lives. Shame washed over me.‎ 解析：‎ ‎1．stop发生在过去动作said之前，故此处填had stopped。‎ ‎2．由loved与hated之间的对比判断本空填转折连词but。‎ ‎3．根据前面的coming up判断，make是在过去看来将来要发生的动作，故填would make。‎ ‎4．句子的主语是I，与refuse之间是被动关系，故填was refused，构成一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎5．该句是直接引用的，根据this Saturday判断，have是将来的动作，故填will have。‎ ‎6．句子是一般现在时，all指代人，故填are。‎ ‎7．特指本次会议的主题，故theme前用定冠词。‎ ‎8．此处表示“稍后”意义，作状语，故填副词Later。‎ ‎9．save...from...“从……拯救……”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎10．此处表示一个逐渐变化的过程，故用进行时，所以本空填was changing。‎ Ⅲ. 单句改错 ‎1．...took him to US, where he introduced to the Internet.‎ 答案与解析：introduced前加was　he与introduce是被动关系，句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，故加上was。‎ ‎2．Today is Sunday. At about 9：00 a．m., I go to the bookstore with my friends.‎ 答案与解析：go→went　由前面提供的时间状语判断句子用一般过去时，故改为went。‎ ‎3．Having been seen the film, everyone was deeply moved.‎ 答案与解析：去掉been　句子的主语即为非谓语动词see的逻辑主语，二者之间是主动关系，故去掉been，成为现在分词的完成式。‎ ‎4．Our city had changed a lot in the last 5 years.‎ 答案与解析：had→has　由时间状语in the past 5 years可知句子应该用现在完成时。‎ ‎5. Many overpasses have set  up, so it has become very convenient for people to travel.‎ 答案与解析：have后加been　overpasses与动词set up是被动关系，表示“被建立”意义，故句子用现在完成时的被动语态。‎ ‎6．In the past, teachers always keep on explaining the points in class.‎ 答案与解析：keep→kept　由时间状语in the past判断句子用一般过去时，故改为过去式kept。‎ ‎7．The river was so polluted that it  was actually caught fire and burned.‎ 答案与解析：去掉第二个was　catch fire没有被动语态。‎ ‎8．Nowadays there was a kind of language called Web language.‎ 答案与解析：was→is　根据时间状语nowadays判断句子用一般现在时。‎ ‎9. Last Friday our school was invited a foreign teacher in our city to give a class to the  students of Senior Grade Two.‎ 答案与解析：去掉was　此处表示“我们学校邀请了……”，our school与invite是主动关系，故去掉was，句子用一般过去时。‎ ‎10．Sometimes he repeated what we don't understand.‎ 答案与解析：don't→didn't　根据主句时态判断从句也用一般过去时。‎ ‎11．Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.‎ 答案与解析：using→used　句意：每天他都确保用于烹饪的是新鲜的蔬菜和高质量的油。此处表示被动含义，be used for“被用来做”。‎ ‎12．It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside.‎ 答案与解析：had→have　句意：……有些人甚至要在外面等。此处是在介绍现在的情况，故用一般现在时。‎ ‎13．Some classmates suggest we go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea.‎ 答案与解析：thought→think　句意：……我认为这是一个好主意。根据前句中的suggest可知，本句应用一般现在时。‎ ‎14．Both Dad and I planned to do something on Mother's Day. We get up early in the morning.‎ 答案与解析：get→got　句意：……我们那天早上起得早。根据上句中的planned可知，事情发生在过去，故应用一般过去时。‎ ‎15．Today I've got wonderful news to tell you. I had been offered a job at a company in England for my good performance.‎ 答案与解析：had→have　句意：我今天有好消息要告诉你，我以良好的表现在英国一家公司得到了一份工作。根据句意可知，指目前的结果用现在完成时。‎