2018届一轮复习北师大版必修4Unit12Cultureshock学案(8)

2018届一轮复习北师大版必修4Unit12Cultureshock学案(8)

Unit 12 Culture shock ‎ ‎ ‎1．The majority of doctors __________ smoking is harmful to __________.‎ A．believe；health ‎ B．believes；health C．believe；the health ‎ D．believes；healths 解析：选A。考查majority的用法。the majority of...作主语时，其后面的谓语动词的数取决于of后面的名词，所以排除B、D两项。又因“对健康有害”通常为be harmful to health，故排除C项。‎ ‎1 .request　n．& v．　要求，请求 ‎(回归课本P39)to make a request to someone you don’t know very well 向你不甚了解的人做出请求 归纳拓展 ask，request，require，demand 易混解析 ‎ ＋n．/pron． ＋n．/pron．＋to do ＋that从句 ＋to do ask × √ √ √‎ request √ √ √ ×‎ require √ √ √ ×‎ demand √ × √ √‎ ‎①They are demanding that all troops should be withdrawn．‎ ‎②The wearing of seat belts is required by law.‎ ‎③The young man asked his parents for too much money.‎ ‎【温馨提示】　request作“要求”讲时，后面可以跟宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气，即其谓语部分用“should＋动词原形”，其中should可省略。与此用法相同的还有：‎ 一坚持(insist)‎ 二命令(order，command)‎ 三建议(advise，suggest，propose)‎ 四要求(demand，require，request，desire)‎ ‎2．This is his only request that the room __________ after being used.‎ A．be cleaned　　 B．would be cleaned C．is cleaned D．will be cleaned 解析：选A。本题考查request的用法。that从句是request的同位语从句，从句应用虚拟语气，should be cleaned中的should可省略。‎ ‎2 .conduct　vt.　进行，实施；举止，表现　‎ ‎ n.行为，举止 ‎(回归课本P41)My friend went home，leaving me to conduct the band.‎ 我的朋友回家了，留下我指挥乐队。‎ 归纳拓展 例句探源 ‎①My aunt conducts her business very successfully.‎ 我的婶婶把企业经营得很成功。‎ ‎②His conduct disagrees with his words.‎ 他言行不一。‎ ‎3．Speaking of what sort of smartness is most desirable in human __________，a friend of mine told me a story.‎ A．conduct　　　　　　　 B．experience C．custom D．habit 解析：选A。考查名词辨析。句意：谈到哪一种聪明(的事情)在人类行为中是最值得做的时，我的一个朋友给我讲了一个故事。conduct“行为，举止”，符合句意，experience“经验”；custom“风俗，习俗”；habit“习惯”。‎ ‎3.attach　vt.　附上；系上；贴上；使依恋 ‎(回归课本P42)At first，we didn’t feel we belong here，but now we are attached to the land we live on．‎ 开始我们并没有感觉到我们属于这里，但现在我们与这块我们生活在上面的土地密不可分。‎ 归纳拓展 attach...to...把……固定到……，把……附在……‎ attach oneself to参加；和……在一起 attach to sb./sth.与……有联系，与……有关联 attach importance to重视；认为……重要 be attached to依恋；爱慕，附属于 ‎【温馨提示】　在attach...to...，attach oneself to和be attached to中to为介词。‎ ‎①(朗文P96)Attach a recent photograph to your application form.‎ 申请表上请贴一张近照。‎ ‎②This hospital is attached to the medical college nearby.‎ 这个医院附属于附近的那所医学院。‎ ‎③He attached himself to the expedition．‎ 他参加了那个探险队。‎ 例句探源 ‎4．We should __________ primary importance to job training.‎ A．concentrate　　　　　　　B．devote C．attach D．emphasize 解析：选C。本题考查attach的用法。attach importance to...“对……给予重视”，符合句意。concentrate on“集中精力于……”；devote to“致力于……”；emphasize on“着重于……”。‎ ‎4.contrary　adj.& adv.相反的(地)‎ ‎ n.反面，相反 ‎(回归课本P42)Contrary to popular belief，Australia is not a dull place at all for people wanting culture.‎ 与一般的想法相反，澳大利亚对于想感受文化的人来说不是令人感到乏味的地方。‎ 归纳拓展 contrary to sth.与……相对立的 contrary to popular belief与普遍的看法相反 on the contrary恰恰相反 to the contrary相反的(地）‎ ‎①He passed the examination，contrary to what I expected.‎ 他考试及格了，和我预料的情况相反。‎ ‎②Contrary to all advice he gave up his job and left for the south.‎ 他不听任何劝告，放弃了工作，去了南方。‎ ‎③He’s not a cruel man．On the contrary，he is exceedingly kind.‎ 他不是个残暴的人。恰恰相反，他是非常仁慈的。‎ 例句探源 ‎5．完成句子 ‎(1)Show me some evidence __________ __________ __________(相反的)．‎ 答案：to the contrary ‎(2)It wasn’t a good thing；__________ __________ __________(正相反)it was a mistake.‎ 答案：on the contrary ‎5 .forgive　vt.(forgave，forgiven)　原谅，宽恕；免除 ‎(回归课本P42)I wonder if they’ll ever forgive the way they’ve been treated.‎ 我想知道他们是否会忘记他们是怎么被对待的。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎①Please forgive me—I didn’t mean to be rude.‎ 请原谅我，我不是有意无礼的。‎ ‎②Forgive me for saying so，but I think that’s nonsense.‎ 请原谅我这么说，但我认为那是胡说八道。‎ 例句探源 ‎6．__________ me for what I said to you yesterday.‎ A．Forgive　　　　　　　 B．Apologize C．Sorry D．Remind 解析：选A。考查动词辨析。句意：请原谅我昨天对你所说的话。forgive sb.for doing sth.“原谅某人做过某事”，符合句意。‎ ‎6 .get used to　习惯于 ‎(回归课本P36)You’re going to have to get used to bacon and eggs with a few slices of toast for breakfast over here，Aunt Mei!‎ 梅姨，你得适应这里咸肉鸡蛋加几片烤面包的早饭。‎ 归纳拓展 例句探源 ‎①(朗文P1950)I found the job tiring at first but I soon got used to it.‎ 起初我觉得这份工作很累人，但很快就习惯了。‎ ‎②In the end I got used to working in such a condition．‎ 最后，我终于习惯在这样的条件下工作了。‎ 易混辨析 ‎ be used to，used to，get used to ‎(1)be used to有两个含义：表示“被用来做某事”后接动词原形；表示“习惯于，适应”，后接名词、代词或动名词，表示一种状态。‎ ‎(2)used to意为“过去常常”，后接动词原形，常用来表示今昔对比，暗含现在不那样做了。‎ ‎(3)get used to意为“习惯于”，表示一个动作，说明由不适应向适应的转变，其后接名词、代词或动名词。‎ ‎①Computers are_used_to_do many things for people now.‎ ‎②She used_to study hard.(暗指现在学习不努力了)‎ ‎③Don’t worry—you’ll soon get_used_to his sense of humour.‎ 综合过关检测一 ‎(时间:90分钟　满分:120分)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)‎ 第一节(共12小题;每小题2.5分,满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。‎ A ‎(2016福建毕业班质检)‎ Want to help fight global warming?Take off your tie,says the Italian health ministry.‎ It has urged employers to let their staff dress casually at work in the summer so that the air conditioning can be turned down.‎ ‎“Taking your tie off immediately lowers the body temperature by 2 or 3 degrees centigrade,” the ministry said in a statement.“Allowing a more sensible use of air conditioning brings about electricity savings and protects the environment.”‎ It called on all public and private offices to let employees wear no tie during heat waves like the one that has brought Africa-like temperatures to many parts of Italy this week.‎ The move echoes(回应) a similar action from Italy’s biggest oil group,ENI,which told its staff earlier this month they need not wear a tie at work.‎ The tie makers,however,were left hot under the collar. ‎ ‎“Italy confirms that it is a strange country,”Flavio Cima said angrily in a letter to financial daily Il Sole 24 ORE under the headline:“I,tie maker,am responsible for global warming.”‎ ‎“We can now happily continue with our lifestyle,using cars,consuming fuel,heating and cooling our homes at leisure.On one condition:we should not wear a tie while we do so,” he wrote.‎ ‎“I should have listened to my friends and become an oil producer instead.”‎ Italy is one of the European Union’s worst performers on the pollution front and is among the EU countries expected to exceed(超出) their greenhouse gas emission(排放) targets.‎ ‎1.What’s the purpose of the move of taking off ties?‎ A.To dress casually.‎ B.To fight global warming.‎ C.To keep the body temperature.‎ D.To improve working conditions.‎ 提示:细节理解题。根据第一段的“Want to help fight global warming?Take off your tie”可知,解掉 领带是为了抵制全球变暖,故B项正确。‎ 答案:B ‎2.Who first encouraged employees to take off ties?‎ A.ENI.　　　　　　B.Flavio Cima.‎ C.A financial daily. D.The Italian health ministry.‎ 提示:细节理解题。根据第五段中的“ENI,which told its staff earlier this month they need not wear a tie at work”可知,ENI公司最早鼓励员工上班时不戴领带,故A项正确。‎ 答案:A ‎3.What does the underlined part “hot under the collar” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?‎ A.Angry. B.Speechless.‎ C.Delighted. D.Puzzled.‎ 提示:词义猜测题。根据第四段和第五段可知,包括ENI在内的许多公司,都鼓励员工不戴领带上班;根据常识 可以判断,此举势必造成领带制造商的商品滞销;结合第七段的“Flavio Cima said angrily in a letter”可以判断,画线部分意为“愤怒的”,故A项正确。B项意为“(因愤怒等)说不出话的”,C项意为“高兴的”,D项意为“困惑的”,都与语境不符。‎ 答案:A ‎4.Which of the following is TRUE about Flavio Cima?‎ A.He stands by the oil group.‎ B.He agrees with the ministry.‎ C.He admits his responsibility.‎ D.He argues against taking off ties.‎ 提示:推理判断题。根据第六段“The tie makers,however,were left hot under the collar.‎ ‎”以及第七段中的“‘Italy confirms that it is a strange country,’Flavio Cima said angrily in a letter”可知,对于鼓励员工不戴领带上班一事,作为领带制造商的Flavio Cima非常生气;据此可以判断,他对不戴领带工作的观点有异议,故D项正确。‎ 答案:D B[来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K]‎ ‎(2016湖北武汉武昌调研)‎ Our planet is home to about seven billion people.Since the 1990s,population experts have predicted the number would grow to nine billion before it begins to slow down and possibly decrease.‎ But a new report predicts the world’s population is likely to increase to almost 11 billion by 2100.Based on the most modern statistical tools,the new report makes use of government records and considers expert predictions,including death rates,birthrates and international migration,or people moving across borders.The report says during the rest of this century,Africa’s population will grow from about 3.5 billion to 5.1 billion over the next 85 years.‎ John is director of the United Nations Population Division.He says that in the past,researchers thought population growth in Africa would be similar to that of other areas.They expected slower growth rates as birth control use became more widespread.But he says those ideas were wrong.‎ ‎“The level of contraception use has continued to increase but slowly—more slowly than expected,and birthrate therefore has been falling less rapidly than expected,and the population therefore continues to grow somewhat more rapidly than we expected.” The new findings are based on a joint research project of the United Nations and the University of Washington. ‎ The researchers believe the population of Asia will reach five billion by 2050.That is up from the current 4.4 billion.And then it begins to decline.The researchers also believe that North America,Europe,Latin America and the Caribbean area will have a total population of below one billion.‎ John says the pressure of feeding the rising population is likely to be less than that might be expected.‎ ‎“The relatively good news is that the world has been winning the race between population growth and food production.If you look back historically over the last 50 years,certainly for the world as a whole and for many most individual countries and regions,the increase in food production has outpaced the increase of population.”‎ ‎5.Which area will experience the largest increase in population at the end of the century?‎ A.Asia. B.Africa.‎ C.Europe. D.North America.‎ 提示:细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知,非洲人口会增长1.6 billion;根据第五段的第一、二句可知,亚洲人口到2050年会增长0.6 billion,接着会下降;根据第五段的最后一句可知,欧洲、北美、拉丁美洲和加勒比海地区总人口不到1 billion。故选B项。‎ 答案:B ‎6.“Contraception use” in the fourth paragraph refers to 　　　. ‎ A.a method of expert predictions ‎ B.a way of avoiding growth in population ‎ C.a joint research into the rising population ‎ D.a potential technology for food production [来源:学科网]‎ 提示:词义猜测题。根据第三段的第三句可知,‎ 他们预计避孕措施的普及会使人口出生率的速度减慢,故下文画线短语的意思是“避免人口增长的方法 ”,故选B项。‎ 答案:B ‎7.Why is the pressure of feeding the rising population less than expected according to John?‎ A.Expert predictions are not exactly like what the facts happen.‎ B.Birthrates have always been falling less rapidly than we expected.‎ C.The population grows less rapidly than population experts expected.‎ D.The increase in food production has outpaced the increase of population.‎ 提示:细节理解题。根据第七段的“the increase in food production has outpaced the increase of population”可知,食物产量的增长超过了人口的增长,故选D项。‎ 答案:D ‎8.What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A.The world’s population will increase constantly.‎ B.The population of Asia will rise by 5 billion by 2050.‎ C.John is optimistic about feeding the rising population.‎ D.Population growth in Africa was much slower than expected.‎ 提示:推理判断题。根据第七段的内容可知,John认为好消息是在人口增长与食物产量增长这场比赛中,世界一直在取得胜利,并且食物产量的增长超过了人口的增长,故 可推知选C项。‎ 答案:C C ‎(2016安徽合肥第一次质检)‎ When slaves were first brought over from West Africa to the southern parts of America,they brought along with them aspects of their own culture—religion,dance,language,music,and cuisine.A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared.The religious dance of the ring shout ‎ ‎ turned into modern dances like the Charleston,and tribal chants slowly transformed into sorrowful hymns (圣歌) sung by slaves that described their hardships.‎ These soulful accounts by slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called “the blues”,which continued in popularity among African Americans after the Civil War.This music increased in popularity into the early 1900s when many black musicians became an important part of the music industry.‎ The slaves that had been brought over were from all different regions of West Africa,but they worked together until they gradually formed a common culture.This strengthened the identity of their music that,in the 1950s,eventually led to the beginning of rock and roll.The Beatles,the most influential band of the 1960s,are often determined as the accelerator that resulted in the ideology (意识形态) surrounding music that is still around today.The freedom and individuality associated with that time period brought forth a whole culture surrounding music.It was not just music any more,but a lifestyle.‎ Over the decades,music has developed into such a vital part of society and pop culture.Musicians are glorified,with tons of adoring and screaming fans.The modern technology of present day has allowed for a greater gap between the creator of the music and the fans,as well as the widespread commercialization of music.However,criticisms of modern pop music often arise due to its mass production,and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century.[来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ ‎9.What contributed to the birth of the Charleston?‎ A.Various African religions.‎ B.People’s love of tribal dances.‎ C.A mix of two different cultures.‎ D.The popularity of sorrowful hymns.‎ 提示:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared.The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston”可知,两种文化的混合促进了Charleston的出现。故选C项。‎ 答案:C ‎10.According to the passage,what can we learn about the blues?‎ A.It became popular in the late 20th century.‎ B.It may include the description of slaves’ sad lives.‎ C.It mainly told the stories of the American Civil War.‎ D.It reflected the hard lives of many black musicians.‎ 提示:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These soulful accounts by slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called ‘the blues’”可知,对在苛刻的气候和环境下工作的奴隶的那些深情凄婉的描述被称作“the blues”。故选B项。‎ 答案:B ‎11.What does the underlined word “This” in the third paragraph refer to?‎ A.Slaves’ collective work.‎ B.One region of West Africa.‎ C.The new common culture.‎ D.The music by the Beatles.‎ 提示:词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“they worked together until they gradually formed a common culture.This strengthened”可知,他们一起工作直到他们逐渐形成一种共同的文化。故选C项。‎ 答案:C ‎12.It can be learned that the music in the early 20th cent ury 　　　. ‎ A.possessed soul and sincerity B.became more commercialized C.was blamed for its mass production[来源:学科网]‎ D.widened the gap between musicians and fans 提示:推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century”可知,20世纪早期的音乐拥有灵魂而且纯粹真诚,故选A项。‎ 答案:A 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)‎ ‎ 导学号53100018‎ 根据对话内容,从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎(2016广东广州模拟)‎ Since the day of its birth,the United Nations has been the subject of much debate.　13　 Others think that it is too weak.We can better understand this debate if we learn more about the UN and its history. ‎ The UN was started for two reasons.First,when the idea was born,people all over the world were tired of war.They felt that there must be peaceful answers to the world’s problems.　14　 ‎ The second reason was that modern science had developed new bombs and airplanes.　15　 National borders were beginning to lose their meaning.Science would develop even more dangerous weapons in the future.Only an international organization would be able to control modern science. ‎ Franklin D.Roosevelt,U.S. President at the time,believed that the Allies(同盟国) should ‎ plan for peace before the war ended.On December 1,1943,Roosevelt,Britain’s Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin agreed to sta rt an organization for world peace.　16　 ‎ During the next year and a half,the idea of such an organization was debated around the world.Then came the big day. On April 11,1945,the first international meeting of the United Nations took place in San Francisco.The goal of the meeting was to write the UN Charter(宪章).All of the fifty-one nations at the meeting had their own ideas to offer for the charter.　17　Every nation present voted for the charter.No one voted against it. ‎ A.After a long debate,a final charter was agreed upon.‎ B.The UN Charter is a beautiful piece of writing.‎ C.They asked all countries,large and small,to join the organization.‎ D.Even the smallest country on earth can have its voice heard.‎ E.They also felt that only an international organization could keep world peace.‎ F.These weapons made it almost impossible for a country to defend itself.‎ G.Some people attack the organization because they think it is too powerful.‎ 答案:13~17 GEFCA Ⅱ.英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)‎ 第一节　完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎(2016安徽合肥第一次质检)‎ After stepping out of the international plane,I realized my 10-hour sleepy voyage finally came to an end.Sitting on the bus,I was waiting anxiously for it to start.‎ A woman,sitting next to me,and her daughter both seemed 　18　.She told me that her daughter had an upset stomach and would throw up continuously;　19　,the mother had ‎ lost her　20　.Apart from a significant amount of money,the purse also had her phone and a phone number of an important 　21　,a person she was travelling 90 kilometers to meet for discussing a 　22　 matter which had to be 　23　 by tomorrow morning. ‎ I handed her my cellphone without　24　 and told her that she could make any call she wanted.I also　25　 a bottle of water I had in my bag to relieve her daughter of her 　26　.After making several calls,they finally　27　 to the official!They turned to look at me 　28　 and thanked me many times.The woman tried to pay for my 　29　,but I jumped to do it before her 　30　 I knew she had lost her money. ‎ Next morning,I received a call from the mother,saying that they couldn’t tell how much my 　31　 act touched them.They were so 　32　 that they had taken down my number to thank me.I was　33　 to be t hanked in this way.I never thought my simple offer　34　 so much in her heart.And I thought of how many opportunities for　35　 we had lost by plugging into cellphones and being disconnected 　36　 the reality around us—something with easy access may make a big 　37　 to others. ‎ ‎18.A.excited　　　　　　B.relaxed ‎ C.unconscious D.uncomfortable 提示:根据下文的“She told me that her daughter had an upset stomach and would throw up continuously”和“the mother had lost her 　20　”可知,这对母女看起来都很焦虑(uncomfortable),故选D项。 ‎ 答案:D ‎19.A.besides B.however C.therefore D.otherwise 提示:根据上下文语境可知,此处表示除此之外,这位母亲还丢了钱包,故选A项。‎ 答案:A ‎20.A.phone B.address C.purse D.luggage 提示:参见上题解析。下文的“the purse also had her phone”是提示。‎ 答案:C ‎21.A.accountant B.doctor C.lawyer D.official 提示:根据第27空后面的“the official”可知,此处指钱包里有一位重要的官员的电话,故选D项。‎ 答案:D ‎22.A.simple B.pressing C.political D.financial 提示:根据空后的“which had to be 　23　by tomorrow morning”可知,这件事必须在明天上午之前解决,由此可知,这是一件紧急的事情。pressing“紧迫的,迫切的”,故选B项。 ‎ 答案:B ‎23.A.settled B.ignored C.raised D.dropped 提示:参见上题解析。settle“解决”。‎ 答案:A ‎24.A.doubt B.permission C.question D.hesitation 提示:此处表示作者毫不犹豫地把手机递给那位女士。故选D项。‎ 答案:D ‎25.A.produced B.ordered C.bought D.sold 提示:根据语境可知,作者从包里拿出一瓶水。produce“拿出,出示”,故选A项。‎ 答案:A ‎26.A.fever B.stress C.sickness D.appetite 提示:根据上文内容可知,作者拿出水是为了缓解那个女孩儿的恶心或呕吐,故选C项。‎ 答案:C ‎27.A.came over B.got through ‎ C.looked up D.turned around 提示:根据语境可知,打了几个电话后,她们终于打通了那位官员的电话。get through表示“(用电话)联系上”。故选B项。‎ 答案:B ‎28.A.doubtfully B.closely ‎ C.anxiously D.grate fully 提示:作者帮助了她们,她们感激地看着作者并且感谢作者很多次。故选D项。‎ 答案:D ‎29.A.water B.offer C.ticket D.assistance 提示:根据语境可知,为了感谢作者,那位女士想要为作者付车票钱,故选C项。‎ 答案:C ‎30.A.since B.if C.while D.although 提示:根据空格前后的内容,此处表示原因。故选A项。‎ 答案:A ‎31.A.temporary B.generous ‎ C.cautious D.honest 提示:作者慷慨的行为让她们非常感动,故选B项。‎ 答案:B ‎32.A.reasonable B.flexible ‎ C.considerate D.desperate 提示:那对母女考虑得很周到,记下了作者的电话号码来感谢作者,故选C项。‎ 答案:C ‎33.A.ashamed B.astonished ‎ C.disappointed D.amused 提示:受到感谢后作者很吃惊,因为作者认为那只是一种简单的帮助,故选B项。‎ 答案:B ‎34.A.weighed B.balanced C.increased D.ranked 提示:作者从来没想过自己简单的帮助却在她心中产生了如此大的影响,故选A项。weigh“有影响;有分量”。‎ 答案:A ‎35.A.courage B.success C.kindness D.justice 提示:根据下文意思可知,此处表示我们曾经失去过很多表达善意的机会,故选C项。‎ 答案:C ‎36.A.in B.beyond C.of D.from 提示:根据上下文的意思可知,我们通常塞上耳机,与我们周围的现实相脱离,‎ 从而失去了对别人表达善意的机会,故选D项。‎ 答案:D ‎37.A.promise B.wish C.difference D.gesture 提示:此处表示一些很容易做到的事情却对别人有很重要的意义。故选C项。make a difference“有影响,有作用”。‎ 答案:C 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)‎ ‎ 导学号53100019‎ 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎(2016四川绵阳第二次诊断)‎ Many teachers believe that hands-on experience is the 38.　　　　 (good) way to learn.A group of students in the United States are putting that belief to the test.They 39.　　　　 (success) designed and built a robot for discovering unexplored mines 40.　　　　 the bottom of the sea.Students made the robot 41.　　　　 (answer) a challenge from the U.S.Department of Defense. ‎ The students recently tested the underwater vehicle 42.　　　　 (call) Perseus Ⅱ in a 95-meter-long tank of water at the Stevens Institute of Technology. ‎ The robot costs about $15,000 to build.The students use a video game control to direct 43.　　　　(it) movements in the tank.What’s more,devices known as Japters 44.　　　　(able) the robot to go up,down and toward its target in the water.Video cameras on the robot send images back to a computer through a 13-meter-long cable.Perseus Ⅱ also has 45.　　　　set of lasers(激光),which are used to measure the size of an object. ‎ The robot is the creation of five undergraduate students.For over six months,they worked ‎ up 46.　　　　 20 hours a week to design and build Perseus Ⅱ. ‎ DeLorme supervised the project from 47.　　　　(begin) to end.He says the specialized requirements of robots were demanding. ‎ ‎38.提示:考查形容词最高级。此处表示“亲身的实践经验是学习的最好方法”,故用最高级best。‎ 答案:best ‎39.提示:考查副词。副词修饰动词designed和built作状语,故用successfully。‎ 答案:successfully ‎40.提示:考查介词。at the bottom of表示“在……的底部”,故用at。‎ 答案:at ‎41.提示:考查动词不定式。在这里to answer是动词不定式作目的状语,表示“制造这个机器人是为了回应美国国防部的一项挑战”。‎ 答案:to answer ‎42.提示:考查过去分词。此处应用过去分词作后置定语,表示“被叫做”,故用called。‎ 答案:called ‎43.提示:考查代词。由后面的movements可知,应用形容词性物主代词作定语。指“机器人的”,用its。‎ 答案:its ‎44.提示:考查动词和时态。分析句子结构可知,主语是devices,谓语是设空处,故应用动词enable,表示“使能够”。且此处是一般性的描述,故应用一般现在时。‎ 答案:enable ‎45.提示:考查冠词。a set of表示“一套”,故用a。‎ 答案:a ‎46.提示:考查固定短语。up to表示“达到”,故用介词to。‎ 答案:to ‎47.提示:考查固定短语。from beginning to end表示“从头到尾”。‎ 答案:beginning Ⅲ.写作(共两节,满分35分)‎ 第一节　短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)‎ ‎ 导学号53100020‎ 假定英语课上老师要求 同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎(2016辽宁沈阳第一次质检)‎ There was a rich man who carried many treasures to the distance to look into happiness.But after a long march,he fails to find happiness.Annoyed,he sat by a path of the mountain while a farmer carrying a large bunch of firewood came down from the mountain.The rich man said,“I’m a wealth man.Can you tell me that why I’m unhappy?”The farmer put down the heavy firewood,wiped the sweat pleasant and said,“Happiness is very simple:put down and you’ll be happy!”The rich man inspired suddenly.Anxious and tiring all day,he carried that heavy jewelry,afraid of being robbed or murdered.How could you be happy?So the rich man helped the poor with jewelry and money,doing good deed.He enjoyed the taste of happiness.[来源:学科网]‎ 答案:第一句:into→for 第二句:fails→failed 第三句:while→when 第四句:wealth→wealthy;去掉that 第五句:pleasant→pleasantly 第六句:在inspired前加was 第七句:tiring→tired 第八句:you→he 第九句:deed→deeds 第二节　书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎(2016河南郑州第一次质检)‎ 假定你是李华,你校将接待一批来自美国的高中生到你校学习汉语,目前校办公室正在为他们征寻为期两周的接待家庭。请用英语给学校写一封信提出申请,说明你的理由和条件。‎ 内容要点:‎ ‎1.基本情况(姓名、性别、年龄、性格等);‎ ‎2.英语水平;‎ ‎3.家庭条件;‎ ‎4.相关经历;‎ ‎5.其他……‎ 注意:1.词数100左右;‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;‎ ‎3.文中不得透露个人真实姓名和学校名称;‎ ‎4.开头语和结束语已为你写好,不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇:host family 接待家庭 Dear Sir/Madam,‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours faithfully,‎ Li Hua 答案:‎ Dear Sir/Madam, ‎ I’m Li Hua,an 18-year-old girl student in Class One,Grade Three.I’m open-minded,easy-going and enthusiastic.I think my English is good enough to communicate with foreigners and I like to make friends.I live in a beautiful apartment and luckily,my parents are glad to have a foreign student to stay with us.We have an extra room for guests.Besides,we have a private car.Most importantly,we just had a homestay American student last year.‎ If you accept my application to be a host family,I promise to make the foreign student feel at home and we can visit some local places of interest in our free time.‎ I’m looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours faithfully, ‎ Li Hua ‎