2019届一轮复习外研版必修二Module2NoDrugs学案

2019届一轮复习外研版必修二Module2NoDrugs学案

Module 2 No Drugs学案 ‎ 基础自主回顾 Ⅰ.课标单词 ‎1．__________(adj.)可能的 ‎2．__________(vt. & n．)禁止；禁令 ‎3．__________(vt.)影响；对……有坏影响 ‎4．__________(n.)危险→__________(adj.)危险的 ‎5．__________(n. & vt.)对(药物等)上瘾的人；瘾君子；使上瘾；使沉迷→__________(adj.)(药物等)上瘾的 likely ban affect danger dangerous addict addictive 6．__________(vt.)注射→__________(n.)‎ ‎7．__________(vt.)减少→__________(n.)‎ ‎8．__________(n.)罪行；犯罪行为→__________(n.)罪犯 ‎9．__________(n.)联系；关系；关联→__________(vt.)联系；连接 ‎10．__________(adj.)违法的；不合法的→__________(adj.)合法的 inject injection reduce reduction crime criminal connection connect　‎ illegal legal 11．__________(n.)治疗→__________(v.)治疗；对待 ‎12．__________(vi.)不同意；意见不合→__________(n.)‎ ‎13．__________(n.)参与者；参加者→__________(v.)参加；参与 ‎14．__________(vt.)认识；认知；认出→__________(n.)‎ ‎15．__________(n.)分心；分散注意力→__________(vt.)‎ treatment treat disagree disagreement participant participate recognise recognition distraction distract Ⅱ.常用短语 ‎1．____________查阅 ‎2．____________闯入 ‎3．___________________对……上瘾 ‎4．____________有可能做……‎ ‎5．____________定下一个日期 ‎6．____________和……有关 look up ‎ break into ‎ be/become addicted to ‎ be likely to do ‎ set a date ‎ be related to 7．____________处于危险之中 ‎8．____________属于 ‎9．____________代替 ‎10．____________听取某人的建议 ‎11．____________为了 ‎12．____________放弃 ‎13．____________与……分享 be in danger belong to ‎ instead of ‎ take one's advice ‎ in order to/so as to ‎ give up ‎ share...with Ⅲ.重点句型 ‎1．How many of them break the law ____________ pay for their drugs?‎ 他们中有多少人为了买毒品而犯法？‎ 答案：in order to 2．It was ____________ loud music ____________ we couldn't hear ourselves speak.‎ 音乐如此大声以至于我们听不到自己说话。‎ 答案：such; that 3．I ____________ agree ____________.‎ 我非常同意。(我再同意不过了。)‎ 答案：couldn't; more 4．____________ you're doing when you want to smoke—do something else!‎ 无论你在做什么，当你想抽烟时，做点别的事吧！‎ 答案：Whatever Ⅳ.模块语法 ‎1．We all got up early ________ we might start at six.‎ A. in order that　B. though C. because D. as if 答案：A 2．He trained hard s ‎ ‎ o that he ________ take part in the race.‎ A. can B. could C. will D. may 答案：B 3．—Why did he make marks on some trees?‎ ‎—________ his way back easily.‎ A. Find B. To find C. Finding D. In order to finding 答案：B 4．After twenty years abroad, Mr. Wang came back only ________ his hometown completely changed.‎ A. to find B. finding C. to have found D. found 答案：A 5．I hurried ________ I wouldn't be late for class.‎ A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless 答案：B ‎6．The two boys look so much alike ________ no one can tell them apart.‎ A. and B. that C. as D. so that 答案：B 7．John is ________ honest boy that everyone likes him.‎ A. so B. such C. so an D. such an 答案：D ‎8．________ little water is not enough for ________ many people.‎ A. Such; so B. So; so C. Such; such D. So; such 答案：B 9．It was ________ fine weather that we decided to go camping.‎ A. very B. so C. such D. such a 答案：C ‎10．It was ________ fine day that we decided to go camping.‎ A. very B. so C. such D. such a 答案：D 考点探究解密 考 点 解 读 1．addict vt.使沉溺，使成瘾n.入迷的人，有瘾的人 精讲拓展：‎ ‎①addict oneself to 沉溺于，醉心于 ‎②be addicted to嗜好，热衷 ‎③an opera addict歌剧迷 ‎④a video game addict游戏机迷 ‎⑤addictive adj.(药物等)上瘾的 ‎⑥addiction n．瘾；入迷；嗜好 误区警示：①addicted只作表语或补语，不能作定语，其逻辑主语必须是有行为能力的人或动物。addictive可作定语、表语或补语，作定语时，一般修饰事物，作表语或补语时，其逻辑主语一般是事物。‎ ‎②be addicted to中的to为介词。 朗文在线：‎ ‎①Many heroin addicts have contracted AIDS.‎ 许多有海洛因瘾的人感染了艾滋病。‎ ‎②He is seriously addicted to these tranquillizers.‎ 他对这些镇静剂已严重地上瘾了。‎ ‎③Crack is a potent, highly addictive form of cocaine.‎ 强效可卡因是很容易使人上瘾的烈性可卡因。‎ 命题方向：be addicted to短语是常被考查的短语，另外addicted与addictive常一起出现以词语辨析的形式出现在题目中。 活学巧练：‎ People________drugs have much difficulty in getting rid of the________.‎ A．addictive to；addict　B．addicted to；addict C．addicted to；addiction D．addictive；addiction 答案与解析：C　第一空用过去分词做定语，相当于who are addicted to；第二空用名词形式。 2．relate vi. 有关联；适应，和睦相处　vt.使互相关联；讲述，叙述 This letter relates to/is related to the sale of the house.‎ ‎①relative相关的，有关的，相对地 ‎②relation关系，亲属 ‎③relatively相关地，有关地；相对地，比较地 ‎④in/with relation to有关，涉及 ‎⑤close/near relation近亲 ‎⑥relating to介词短语，“关于……，和……有关的”(＝about)‎ ‎⑦have relation to与……有关系 活学巧练：‎ ‎(1)Everything________(有关的)his happiness concerns you.‎ ‎(2)The report has________(关系)to agriculture.‎ ‎(3)Wages are not high________(与……有关)the cost of living.‎ ‎(4)All things were________(联系的)to all other things.‎ relating to ‎ relation ‎ in relation to ‎ related (5)His fear of people________his unhappy childhood.‎ A．is relating B．is relating to C．is related D．is related to 答案与解析：D　本题考查be related to“与……有关”。句意：他害怕见人可能与他不幸的童年有关。 3．reduce vt.缩减，减少；使……处于……状态(表此种意义时，常用于被动语态)；使变弱；使降职(级)‎ 精讲拓展：‎ ‎①reduce...to...把……降低到……；把……减少到……‎ ‎②reduce...by...把……降低了……；把……减少了……‎ ‎③be reduced to ashes被化为灰烬；被化为乌有 ‎ ‎④be reduced to despair陷入绝望 ‎⑤reduce oneself into陷入……地步 ‎⑥reduction n．减少；缩小；减价，折扣 误区警示：在reduce...to/by...中，to后接减少后的总量，而by后接减少的差额(以……幅度而减少)。 朗文在线：‎ ‎①The workforce has been reduced by half.‎ 劳动力已经减少了一半。‎ ‎②David's extraordinary reply reduced me to silence.‎ 戴维不寻常的回答让我无言以对。‎ ‎③The report can be reduced to three main points.‎ 报告可以归纳为3个要点。‎ 命题方向：reduce后接介词to与by常是被考查的要点。 活学巧练：‎ ‎(1)He______________(沦落到)begging for food.‎ ‎(2)The number of people invited to the meeting ____________(减少到)50.‎ ‎　‎ was reduced to was reduced to (3)—The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into streets.‎ ‎—Yes.But I'm sure something will be done to________air pollution.‎ A．reduce B．remove C．collect D．warn 答案与解析：A　句意：我相信会做一些事来减轻污染的。 4．likely adj.很可能的，看来要发生的；(像是)可靠的，可信的；似乎有理的；adv.很可能 be likely to do sth.很可能干某事 It is likely that...很可能……‎ not likely决不可能(才不呢)‎ 词语辨析：possible, probable与likely ‎①possible强调客观上有可能，但也常暗示“实际上希望很小”。常用句式为：“It is possible(for sb.)to do sth.或“It is possible that＋从句”。作表语时不能用人作主语。 ②probable主要用来指有根据、合情合理、值得相信的事物，带有“大概，很可能”的意味，语气比possible强。常用句式为“It is probable that＋从句”。作表语时不能用人或不定式作主语。‎ ‎③likely侧重从表面看，某事很有可能发生，与probable意思相近。既可以用人也可以用物作主语。常用句式为“It is likely that＋从句”或“sb./sth.be likely to do sth.”，不能说“It is likely for sb.to do sth.”。 误区警示：It is likely for sb. to do sth. 句型是错误的，但可以表达为：sb. be likely to do sth. 朗文在线：‎ ‎①Snow showers are likely in the next 24 hours.‎ 未来的24小时内可能有降雪。‎ ‎②Ian had been sick too，so it's more than likely you caught it from him.‎ 伊恩也生过病，所以几乎可以肯定你是从他那儿传染的。‎ ‎③“He said you'd be giving them a lift”“Not likely！”‎ ‎“他说你会让他们搭便车。”“绝不可能！” 命题方向：be likely to do往往是被高考所考查的重点，likely与possible，probable放在一起以词语辨析的形式也常被考查。 活学巧练：‎ ‎(1)He is________(可能) to come.‎ ‎(2)It is________(可能) for him to finish the work in time.＝ It is________(可能)that he shall finish the work in time.‎ ‎(3)It is________(不可能) that he will improve his English because he never spends time on it.‎ likely ‎ possible/ ‎ possible ‎ unlikely (4)Look, dark clouds are gathering. It is________to rain soon.‎ A. probably B. possibly C. likely D. perhaps 答案与解析：C　所有选项中，只有likely可以用真正的主语。这里的it不是形式主语。 5．recognize/recognise vt.认出，识别；承认，认可；认识到 精讲拓展：‎ ‎①recognize sb. /sth. 认出某人，识别出某物 ‎②recognize...as承认……是，认出……是 ‎③recognize...to be承认……是……‎ ‎④be recognized as公认是，认可是，赞成 ‎⑤It is recognized that...人们意识到……‎ ‎⑥recognition n．认出，认识，识别 误区警示：recognise一词无进行式用法。 朗文在线：‎ ‎①She was humming a tune I didn't recognize.‎ 她正在哼一首曲子，可是我听不出来是什么。‎ ‎②Lawrence's novel was eventually recognized as a work of genius.‎ 劳伦斯的小说最终被公认为天才之作。‎ ‎③We recognize that this is an unpleasant choice to have to make.‎ 我们承认这是不得已而作出的令人不快的决定。 词语辨析：recognize与know recognize指把原来认识的人/物再次“辨认出”，是非延续性动词。know“认识并熟悉某人/物”，是延续性动词。‎ 命题方向：recognize常与know放在一起以词语辨析题的形式出现，另外它与as/to be的搭配也是考查的重点。 活学巧练：‎ I________him so well that I can________his steps.‎ A. know; know B. recognize; recognize C. recognize; know D. know; recognize 答案与解析：D　本题旨在考查know与recognize的区别。句意：我对他如此熟悉，我能听出他的脚步声。 6．break into闯入；打断；突然……起来 精讲拓展：‎ ‎①break in闯入；打断(谈话)‎ ‎②break down失败，瓦解，崩溃，弄坏，打破 ‎③break forth突然发出 ‎④break a record破纪录 ⑤break out发生，爆发 ‎⑥break through突破 ‎⑦break up散开；分解，解散；打断 ‎⑧break off暂停；绝交 误区警示：break into相当于及物动词，而break in相当于不及物动词。 朗文在线：‎ ‎①Thieves broke into the bank vault by digging a tunnel.‎ 窃贼们挖了一个通道闯入银行金库。‎ ‎②Suzie heard footsteps behind her and broke into a run.‎ 苏西听到身后的脚步声，拔腿就跑。‎ 命题方向：考查break组成的短语并且以辨析题的形式出现。 活学巧练：‎ Passing the building, we heard the people________laughter.‎ A. break out B. breaking in B. breaking into D. break off 答案与解析：C　“我听见人们大笑起来”，break into laughter＝break out laughing。 7．give up放弃；交出，让出；认输 精讲拓展：‎ ‎①give up doing sth. 放弃，停止干……‎ ‎②give up sth. to把……让给(献给)……‎ ‎③give away泄露(机密)；暴露；分发(奖品等)‎ ‎④give back归还，送还 ⑤give in屈服，让步 ‎⑥give in to屈服，向……让步 ‎⑦give off发出(蒸气)；发散(光线)‎ ‎⑧give out用完，用尽；分发，公布 朗文在线：‎ ‎①When Ed left，she gave up hope of ever marrying.‎ 埃德离开时，她彻底放弃了结婚的希望。‎ ‎②I've given up expecting him to change.‎ 我已不指望他会改变。‎ ‎③The police issued a statement urging the fugitive to give himself up. ‎ 警方发表声明，敦促逃亡者自首。 词语辨析：give in与give up ‎①give in放弃；让步，投降。不及物，后不能跟宾语。‎ ‎②give up放弃；停止。用作及物动词词组时，后面跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，代词宾语要放在中间；作不及物动词词组时有“投降”之意，与give in相同。‎ 命题方向：give up常与give组成的其他短语以词语辨析题的形式出现。 活学巧练：‎ He said he hadn't done that, but his expression________.‎ A. gave him up B. gave him away C. gave in him D. gave out him 答案与解析：B　根据句意，应用“把他暴露了”。 8．Whatever you're doing when you want to smoke—do something else！无论你在做什么，当你想抽烟时，做点别的事情吧！‎ whatever用法：‎ ‎(1)作连接代词，引导让步状语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，其含义相当于no matter what，意为“无论，不管”，其位置可在主句前，也可在主句后。 (2)作连接代词，引导名词性从句(宾语从句或主语从句)，可看作是what的强调说法，其含义相当于anything that或all that, whatever在句中起双重作用，既起先行词与关系代词的作用，又在从句中作主语、宾语等。‎ ‎(3)作形容词，意为“无论怎么样的；无论哪一种的”，作定语，意思是“任何……的”，可视为what的强调说法。 词语辨析：whatever, no matter what与what ‎①whatever, no matter what whatever和no matter what都可引导让步状语从句，除此之外，whatever还可引导名词性从句，如主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，而no matter what不能。 ②whatever, what what与whatever均可作连接代词引导名词性从句，what引导的名词性从句在句中作主语、表语、宾语，意为“所……的事物”，相当于the thing(s) which; whatever引导的名词性从句在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语，意思是“凡是……的事物”，相当于anything/everything that，语气比what更强烈一些。 朗文在线：‎ ‎①Whatever he says, his boss doesn't believe it.‎ 无论他说什么，他的老板都不相信。‎ ‎②You can choose whatever you like in the shop.‎ 你可以在商店中选择任何你喜欢的东西。‎ ‎③I believe what he told me.‎ 我相信他对我说的话。 活学巧练：汉译英 ‎(1)在实验室，你得按照老师的吩咐去做。‎ ‎_______________________________‎ ‎(2)走在最后的应当关上窗子。‎ ‎_____________________________‎ ‎(3)不管谁要我接电话，就说我正忙着呢。‎ ‎_____________________________‎ In the lab, you have to do whatever your teacher tells you to. ‎ Whoever left the classroom last should close the windows.‎ Whoever wants to speak to me on the phone, tell him I'm busy now. (4)________ David says sounds right to Helen. That's why she has made up her mind to leave with him ________ happens.‎ A. Whatever; no matter what B. No matter what; whatever C. No matter what; no matter what D. Whatever; however 答案与解析：A　第一空中的词引导主语从句，不能用no matter what；第二空引导状语从句且作happen的主语，可用whatever或no matter what。 9．Now I work in a centre for drug addicts，helping others to stop taking drugs. 现在我在一家戒毒中心工作，帮助别人戒毒。‎ 精讲拓展：‎ helping others是现在分词短语在句中作伴随状语。现在分词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时或相继发生。作状语通常用逗号同其他成分隔开，相当于一个状语从句。但表示伴随情况时是句子的主语发出的一个次要动作，一般不可用状语从句替换，但可以改写成并列句。 Hearing the news(＝When they heard the news)，they immediately set off for Shanghai.‎ 听到这个消息，他们立刻赶往上海。‎ The students came into the classroom，talking and laughing(＝and they talked and laughed)．‎ 学生们说着笑着走进教室。‎ 误区警示：现在分词作伴随状语时，该动作与句子的主语是主动关系。 朗文在线：‎ ‎①The teacher stood at the entrance，blocking the children's way.‎ 老师站在入口处，挡住了孩子们的路。‎ ‎②We stayed up all night talking.‎ 我们聊了一夜。‎ 命题方向：现在分词短语作伴随状语是历年各地高考的重要考点。 活学巧练：‎ Don't sit there ________ nothing. Come and help me with this table.‎ A．do B．to do C．doing D．and doing 答案与解析：C　doing nothing 表示的动作是伴随sit同时发生的，因此选C项。 10．不定式作目的状语 不定式在句中作目的状语时，主要用来修饰动词，表示某一动作或状态的目的，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调，还可以在前面加in order或so as。in order to引导的目的状语，可以置于句首，句中或句尾；但由so as to引导的目的状语，只能置于句中或句尾(不能置于句首)。在这种句式中，有的不定式可以转换为so that或in order that引导的目的状语从句。 The whole family went to the seaside to(in order to/so as to)spend the weekend/so that they could spend the weekend.‎ 为过周末全家人去了海边。‎ In order to save the drowning child，he laid down his own life.‎ 为了救那个溺水的孩子，他放弃了自己的生命。‎ Let's take a taxi there so as not to (in order not to) be late for the opening ceremony/so that we won't be late for the opening ceremony.‎ 为了开幕仪式不迟到，我们乘出租车去那里吧。 活学巧练：‎ ‎(1)The driver has been keeping silent about the accident________lose his job.‎ A. in order not to B. as so not to C. so as to not D. in order to not ‎(2)—Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day?‎ ‎—________enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.‎ A. Get B. Getting C. To get D．To be A ‎ C 11．结果状语从句表示事态的结果，常置于主语之后，常见的连接词有so that，so...that，such...that等。‎ He had overslept，so that he was late for the lecture.‎ 他睡过头，因此报告会迟到了。‎ The water became so polluted that it killed all the fish in the river.‎ 河水污染如此严重，使得河里的鱼全死了。‎ I cheered so loudly at the match that I completely lost my voice.‎ 我为比赛大声喝彩，以至于嗓子都哑了。 应注意下列句子结构的不同：‎ such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.＋that...‎ so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that...‎ such＋n. (pl.)＋that...‎ so＋ many/much/little( 少 )/few＋n.＋that... 误区警示：①such和so均可修饰可数名词的单数形式，但是冠词位置有别。‎ such a good teacher＝so good a teacher ‎②so that既可引导目的状语从句，也可引导结果状语从句。在目的状语从句中的动词前要用may(might)，can(could)，should，would等情态动词，表达某种可能性；而结果状语从句则不用，它表示的是客观事实，从句前常用逗号，而引导目的状语从句的so that前不用逗号，结果状语从句都置于主句后，但目的状语从句也可以置于主句前。 ‎ ‎③so...that和such...that引导结果状语从句时，当这种结构中的so和such位于句首时，主句用倒装语序。‎ So bright was the moon that the flowers bright as by day.‎ 皓月当空，花朵就像白天那样鲜艳。‎ Such are the facts，no one can deny them. ‎ 事实就是如此，谁也不能否定(这是无人能够否定的事实)。 活学巧练：‎ ‎(1)________homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest.‎ A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So little ‎(2)It was________that they wanted to go for a picnic in the country.‎ A. such a fine weather B. so fine weather C. a fine weather so D. such fine weather A ‎ D (3)Shanghai is________that we can hardly visit all the beautiful scenery in two or three days.‎ A. so a large city B. such large a city C. so large a city D. a such large city ‎(4)We all got up early________we might start at six.‎ A. so that B. though C. because D. as if C ‎ A 考 题 演 练 1.Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short－term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, ________ reduce unemployment pressures.‎ A. help B. to have helped C. to help D. having helped 答案与解析：C　根据句意可知此处应该选动词不定式作目的状语。 2．Compared with his sister, Jerry is even more ________ to, and more easily troubled by, emotional and relationship problems.‎ A. sceptical B. addicted C. available D. sensitive 答案与解析：D　sceptical“怀疑的”；addicted“上瘾的”；available“可用的”；sensitive“敏感的”。根据词义本题应该选D项。句意：与她的姐姐相比，Jerry在情绪和关系问题上更敏感，更容易受到困扰。 3．________ is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.‎ A. Such B. This C. That D. So 答案与解析：A　句意：这就是电视的作用，它能使一个人突然成名。由________．..that判断，可排除B、C两项。空格处在句中作主语，且表示“这(样)”，所以用such。so不能在句中作主语。 4．Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with ________ extra stress.‎ A. it B. them C. one D. him 答案与解析：A　it在句中代指being the parent of a child with special needs。 5．She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do ________ it takes to save her life.‎ A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 答案与解析：C　句意：她对于我们非常珍贵，我们要不惜一切代价挽救她的生命。动词do为及物动词，其后跟宾语从句，所以空格处既要引导宾语从句，又要在句中作take的宾语，表示“无论什么”用whatever。 6．My English teacher's humor was ________ make every student burst into laughter.‎ A. so as to B. such as to C. such that D. so that 答案与解析：B　句意：我的英语老师的幽默就是如此(好笑)以至于使每一个同学都哈哈大笑。such as (to do, that)到如此程度，如此……以至于……(正式或文学用语)。A项只能作目的状语，不能作表语。C项引导从句。 7．The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit ________ the season.‎ A. whatever B. wherever C. whenever D. however 答案与解析：A　考查whatever引导的从句，此处意为“无论什么季节”。the season后省略了it is。 8．________ the project as planned, we'll have to work two more hours a day.‎ A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete 答案与解析：D　句意：为了按计划完成工程，我们不得不每天多工作两个小时。此处用动词不定式作状语，表示目的。 9．(2007·福建)—Do you need any help，Lucy?‎ ‎—Yes. The job is________I could do myself.‎ A. less than B. more than C. no more than D. not more than 答案与解析：B　本题考查形容词比较级的用法。less than“少于，亚于”；more than“多于，超过”；no more than“只不过”；not more than“至多，不多于”。句意：这工作超过了我力所能及的范围，more than后接带有情态动词的从句，指“(某事)超出了……的范围”，符合题意。 10．(2007·北京)He is a student at Oxford University, ________ for a degree in computer science.‎ A. studied B．studying C. to have studied D. to be studying 答案与解析：B　该题考查非谓语动词用法。studying for a degree...是主句的伴随状语。study与主语he是主动关系，排除A项；C项是不定式的完成式表示已学完与主句逻辑不通；D项为不定式的进行式表示“study”动作正在进行中，只用于某些特殊结构中。故选B项。 做考查非谓语动词的题时，首先看动词与句子主语的关系，若主动关系，排除用过去分词形式，若被动关系，则排除现在分词的主动形式，再结合语境和句子谓语动词所表示的动作发生的时间先后关系来确定出正确答案。 Module 2　No Drugs Ⅰ.根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空 legal　addict　pressed　anger　relation　recognise　agree　affect　connection　ban ‎1．Swimming is________in this river because there is a dangerous fish in it.‎ 答案：banned 2．He________his uncle at first sight though they last met ten years ago.‎ 答案：recognised ‎3．The man who was________with the burglary was tried and sentenced ten years in prison.‎ 答案：connected 4．I was against the project；that is，I________to the project.‎ 答案：disagreed ‎5．Taking exercise has a positive________on our health.‎ 答案：effect ‎6．It is quite________to drive when you get drunk.‎ 答案：dangerous ‎7．Users will become________to crack cocaine if they smoke it.‎ 答案：addicted 8．You shouldn't take the drug because it can increase your heart rate and blood________.‎ 答案：pressure ‎9．Many people die from accidents________to careless driving.‎ 答案：related ‎10．The government should make smoking________in order to save lives.‎ 答案：illegal Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1．Do you know anything about the fire________ in the neighbourhood yesterday?‎ A．which broke out　　B．breaking out C．broken out D．that was broken out ‎ 答案与解析：A　本题考查分词作后置定语和定语从句。break out是不及物动词，故可排除C、D两项；C项表示分词动作与谓语动作同时发生，显然与句中时间状语yesterday不符合。 2．What worried me most was ________ to go abroad alone. ‎ A．my not allowing B．having not allowed ‎ C．my being not allowed D．my not being allowed ‎ 答案与解析：D　本题考查动名词作表语。理解句意可判断“me”“my”与“allow”之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故排除A、B项；C项中not所放位置不对，故排除。 3．You must ________ your handwriting, I can't read your homework. ‎ A．improve B．raise ‎ C．notice D．make up ‎ 答案与解析：A　本题考查四个词的辨析：improve “改进，改善；增进”；raise “举起，抬起；增加；提高；提升”； notice“注意，注意到”；make up“补足；编造；组成”。根据句意可确定答案是A项。 4．________ their son away to college, the couple got more room in the house. ‎ A．As B．For ‎ C．Through D．With 答案与解析：D　本题考查介词独立结构“with＋名词或代词＋介词”，作原因状语。 5．All visitors are waiting outside, Doctor White.________ they come in together or separately?‎ A．Will B．Can ‎ C．Shall D．Would ‎ 答案与解析：C　本题考查情态动词用法：Shall I/We...？句型可用来表示请求、询问、征求意见，是一种委婉的表达方式。有时候主语是第三人称时也可以用“Shall he/she/they...”这样的疑问形式，表示说话人向对方提出建议或征求意见，由对方作出决定。 6．—What about the experts?‎ ‎—They ________ this problem before; it was very unusual. ‎ A．never meet B．never met ‎ C．have never met D．had never met 答案与解析：D　根据“it was unusual.”这一信息可判断：他们以前从来没有遇到过这个问题，句子时态应用过去完成时。 7．________ Mr. Morgan appears extremely cheerful in public, he is in fact leading a very unhappy life. ‎ A．While B．When ‎ C．As D．Since ‎ 答案与解析：A　理解句意“尽管摩根先生在公共场合表现得异常活跃，但实际上他的生活过得很不幸福”，可判断题目中从句与主句在表义上形成对比，故用While。 8．The boss has ________ to improve the working conditions in the company. ‎ A．accepted B．allowed ‎ C．permitted D．agreed ‎ 答案与解析：D　题目考查四个词的用法辨析：accept不能接不定式作宾语；allow /permit sb. to do sth接不定式作宾补；allow/permit doing sth.接动名词作宾语；agree to do sth 接不定式作宾语。 9．Tom kept quiet about the accident ________ lose his job. ‎ A．so not as to B．as so not to ‎ C．so as not to D．not so as to ‎ 答案与解析：C　so as to...“为了，以便……”，表示目的；不定式的否定式要把not放在“to”之前。 10．I can't help ________ the file, because I am busy preparing my lessons.‎ A．to type B．typing ‎ C．typed D．being typed ‎ 答案与解析：A　句意为“我不能帮忙打印这份文件，因为我正忙于备课”。根据句意可判断用A 项：help to do sth. “帮助做某事”。要注意与B项的区别，B项表“情不自禁地做某事”。 11．He told us a lot about painting and the ________ arts. ‎ A．relate B．relating ‎ C．related D．relates ‎ 答案与解析：C　理解句意可知空格处填的词是作定语，A、D两项排除；B项只用于relating to “关于；与……相关连”，故答案是C项，“有关的，相关的”。 12．—Can you tell me how to learn English well? ‎ ‎—Do more speaking, I think，________you'll be good at spoken English. ‎ A. or B．for ‎ C．and D．until ‎ 答案与解析：C　“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”结构中，当前后两部分间为承接关系时，用and；前后意思为相反关系时，用or。可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句， 但必须将and或or去掉。 13．So absorbed ________ in her work that she didn't realize I was behind her. ‎ A．did she B．was she ‎ C．she did D．she was ‎ 答案与解析：B　本题考查倒装结构：当“so/such ... that ...”结构中的so, such连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时， 主句要进行倒装(that后面的结果状语从句不倒装)。 14．—What a hard chair!‎ ‎—Yes，it is. But in fact, it is very comfortable to ________. ‎ A．sit B．sit on C．be sat D．be sat on ‎ 答案与解析：　B　如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当介词与动词连用时，常位于“形容词＋动词不定式”结构的末尾。 15．The war against Iraq launched by the US ________ many deaths, which ________ the world feel sad. ‎ A．made; caused B．caused; made ‎ C．led to; caused D．led; let ‎ 答案与解析：B　cause 及物动词，“导致，使发生，引起”， cause sth.引起(造成)……； cause sb. sth.＝ cause sth.to sb.对……造成…… ；cause sb.to do sth.使某人做某事。注意cause作“使引起”时为使役动词，后面接不定式作宾语补足语，但不可接动词原形、形容词、 副词或分词等作宾语补足语。lead to “通到；导致”，后接名词；make/let sb. do sth.其中省to不定式作宾补。 Ⅲ.翻译句子 ‎1．我听从了医生的建议，并很快恢复了健康。(take/follow one's advice)‎ 答案：I took/followed the doctor's advice and soon became healthy.‎ ‎2．他拒绝服用那种药物，以免上瘾。(in order to)‎ 答案：He refused to take the drug/medicine in order not to become addicted to it.‎ ‎3．那老人最后死于饮酒过量。(die from)‎ 答案：The old man died from drinking too much at last. 4．Many people fail to recognise that all these things are in danger of being denied.‎ 答案：许多人没有看到(认识到)这一切正处于失去的危险之中。‎ ‎5．There has been so much to do in connection with this American tour that I have neglected your letter.‎ 答案：关于这次到美国旅游有这么多工作要做，以至于我忽略了你的信(没给你回信)。 Ⅳ.阅读理解 ‎　　 “In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight.”‎ ‎ “Two full inches in the first three days！”‎ ‎ These are the kinds of statements used in magazine, newspaper, radio and television ads, promising new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device. The promoters of such products say they can shape the legs, slim the face, smooth wrinkles, or in some other way add to beauty or desirability.‎ Often such products are nothing more than money－making things for their promoters. The results they produce are questionable, and some are dangerous to health. To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public, it is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation. If the product is a drug, FDA (Food and Drug Administration) can require proof(证明) under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act that it is safe and effective before it is put on the market. But if the product is a device, FDA has no authority to require premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness. If a product already on the market is a danger to health, FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily, or it can take legal action, including seizure(查封) of the product. One notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the Relaxacisor, which had been sold for reducing the waistline. The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds that it was dangerous to health and life. Obviously, most of the devices on the market have never been the subject of court proceedings(法律诉讼), and new devices appear continually. Before buying, it is up to the consumer to judge the safety or effectiveness of such items. 1．It can be inferred that the ads mentioned in the text are ________.‎ A. objective B. costly C. unreliable D. illegal 答案与解析：C　推理判断题。由本文的第三、四段可知，广告中提到的减肥产品是有疑问的，有些甚至是危害健康的，故这些广告都是不可靠的(unreliable)。 2．Which of the following is true according to the text?‎ A．The court is in charge of removing dangerous products.‎ B. New products are more likely to be questionable.‎ C. The production of a device must be approved by FDA.‎ D. The promoters usually just care about profits.‎ 答案与解析：D　细节理解题。由第五段可知A、C项错误；B项文中未提及；由第四段第一句话“Often such products are nothing more than money－making things for their promoters.”可知D项正确，促销商关心的只是利润。 3．FDA can ask for the proof of safety and effectiveness of a product ________.‎ A. if it is a drug B. if it is a device C. if its consumers make complaints D. if its distributors challenge FDA's authority 答案与解析：A　细节理解题。由第五段“If the product is a drug, FDA...market.”可知。 4．The Relaxacisor is mentioned as ________.‎ A. a product which was designed to produce electricity B. a product whose distributor was involved in a legal case C. a successful advertisement of a beauty product D. an example of a quality beauty product 答案与解析：B　推理判断题。由倒数第二段内容可知B项正确，其余选项内容表述错误。尤其是倒数第二段的最后一句更加说明B是正确的。 5．The author intends to ________.‎ A. make consumers aware of the promoters' false promises B. show the weakness of the law on product safety C. give advice on how to keep young and beautiful D. introduce the organization of FDA 答案与解析：A　推理判断题。全文旨在让消费者意识到促销商假意的承诺。尤其是全文的最后一句更体现了作者的写作意图。 Ⅴ.七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎(银川实验中学2010届高三英语第一次月考试卷)‎ Richard's father died when he was five. Later on he lost his mother. An old woman felt sorry for the poor boy and often helped him. Of course he had no money to go to school. He had to work for a rich farmer. The man paid him nothing except food and clothes. __1__ He found some old books near the school and taught himself to read and write. __2__ It connected the village and the town. One morning people found there was a big stone on it. It stopped them from going to town. They had to move it away, or they had to cross the mountain if they had something to do in the town. But the stone weighed thirty tons at least and the strongest young men couldn't do that. __3__ Richard looked at it carefully for a while and said, “I have a way to move it away.” But few men believed him. __4__ Night fell and people went home. Only the boy stayed there. To their surprise, the villagers found the stone was gone the next morning. They didn't know which spirit had moved it away.__5__‎ ‎“How could he？” the rich farmer called out. “He's only fifteen! He couldn't move it at all！”‎ ‎“He dug a big hole beside the stone ”， said the old woman, “And then he could easily push it into the hole！”Looking at each other, the farmers couldn't say a word. A. There seemed to be nothing strange in village. ‎ B. The old woman said Richard had done it all.‎ C. There was a narrow path between two mountains.‎ D. But the boy didn't lose heart.‎ E. Some farmers even laughed at the boy.‎ F. The boy hoped he could do something for the villagers some day.‎ G. They discussed for a long time, but nobody knew what to do.‎ 答案：1—5　DCGEB ‎