【英语】2018届二轮复习阅读理解说明文典题10篇训练之一（含有解析）学案（16页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习阅读理解说明文典题10篇训练之一（含有解析）学案（16页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习 阅读理解说明文典题10篇训练之一 ‎【一】‎ The sale of halogen (卤素) light bulbs，which are used in millions of homes，could be banned as early as next year as part of the EU's energysaving drive.It follows the prohibition of traditional incandescent bulbs，which have been phased out in an effort to cut greenhouse gas emissions.‎ The European Commission says halogen bulbs are not much more efficient than traditional bulbs，so they should be replaced by energysaving CFLs (节能灯) and LEDs.Yet these alternatives can be as much as 15 times more expensive.There is the additional problem that some LEDS do not work with the wiring lines currently used by halogen bulbs，while CFLs can take up to five minutes to reach full brightness.‎ The EC held a vote on the issue in April—whether it could start the planned 2016 ban or push back the date to 2018.‎ Consumer group Which? argued that there are good reasons for a delay.A spokesman said: “Half of Which? members still have halogen bulbs in their homes.Delaying the ban until 2018 would allow more time for some user issues to be resolved.”‎ And a campaign group of producers is demanding that any ban on halogen bulbs be delayed until 2020 at the earliest.The group's spokesman said: “A phaseout before 2020 will cost too much and be inconvenient for consumers.The industry supports the change to more energyefficient lighting ...however，an earlier date does not allow for alternative developing technologies to be widely available.”‎ The managing director of British lighting company，BLT Direct，supports the 2016 ban.He said: “We understand the concerns of experts who want to delay the ban in order to solve some issues.But carrying out the ban sooner rather than later would see plenty of benefits for consumers，not to mention the environment.”‎ ‎5．What do the underlined words，“phased out” (first paragraph) probably mean?‎ A．Called off. B．Cleared up.‎ C．Knocked out. D．Done away with.‎ ‎6．CFLs and LEDs have the advantage that in comparison to other bulbs.‎ A．they are much easier to make B．they take less time to reach full brightness C．they are much more energyefficient D．they use the same wiring lines as halogen bulbs ‎7．All of the following can be reasons to delay carrying out the ban，EXCEPT ．‎ A．it will cause consumers great inconvenience B．it will be better for the environment C．it will cost more money to use CFLs or LEDs D．it will allow more time to make the alternatives available ‎8．What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Europe Wants to Ban Halogen Light Bulbs B．Different Views on EnergySaving Bulbs C．Sales of Halogen Light Bulbs Are Banned D．Halogen Light Bulbs Should Be Replaced by CFLs or LEDs ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了欧盟将要公布的一项节约能源新方案——停售卤素灯泡，并用节能灯和LED灯泡取而代之。同时也说明了由此引发的生产商、人民群众等的不同反响。‎ ‎5．解析：选D。词义猜测题。根据第一段中The sale of halogen light bulbs，which are used in millions of homes，could be banned as early as next year ...It follows the prohibition of traditional incandescent bulbs，...可知，停售卤素灯泡是传统白炽灯被淘汰之后的又一项新禁令。因此phased out应该是“被淘汰”的意思。故本题应选D。‎ ‎6．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中The European Commission says halogen bulbs are not much more efficient than traditional bulbs，so they should be replaced by energysaving CFLs and LEDs.可知，节能灯和LED灯泡相较于卤素灯泡所具备的优势在于：更节能。因此，本题正确答案为C。‎ ‎7．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中Yet these alternatives can be as much as 15 times ‎ more expensive.和第五段中A phaseout before 2020 will cost too much and be inconvenient for consumers ...however，an earlier date does not allow for alternative developing technologies to be widely available.可知，推迟实施节能新方案的原因不包括B。‎ ‎8．解析：选A。最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了欧盟打算实施一项节约能源新方案，但鉴于群众、生产商等的反应不一，该方案并没有说明具体实施日期。结合四个选项可知，A项的标题最恰当。‎ ‎【二】‎ A famous magazine, Amusement Today, does a survey among park lovers every year both in the US and overseas, based on which, “Top 5 List of the Best Amusement Parks in the World” has come out as follows：‎ ‎ Disneyland, California Disneyland is a theme park in Anaheim, California, the US. More than 515 million guests have traveled to this American landmark from around the world since the park first opened to guests on July 17, 1955. The park consists of many worldfamous sections, such as Main Street, Adventureland, New Orleans Square, and so on.‎ Magic Kingdom, Disney World, Florida Magic Kingdom is a theme park within the Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida, near Orlando opened on October 1,1971. It is the most famous theme park in Florida. The park’s design and attractions don’t make much difference from Disneyland Park in Anaheim.‎ EPCOT, Disney World, Florida EPCOT is the second theme park built at the Walt Disney World Resort near Orlando, Florida. The park opened on October 1, 1982, and was named EPCOT Center from 1982 to 1993. It was the largest Disney theme park in the world until 1998, when Disney’s Animal Kingdom opened.‎ DisneyMGM Studios, Florida MGM’s streets are the home for some great movie themed attractions with a history of less than 30 years. With the addition of the Twilight Zone Tower of Terror and the Rock and Roller Coaster, the park is now home to Disney World’s most thrilling rides.‎ Universal Studios, Florida Go behind the scenes, beyond the screen and jump right into the action of your favorite movies at Universal Studios, the number one movie and TV theme park in the world.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章向我们介绍了由一本著名杂志经过调查推选出来的位居世界前五位的游乐园。‎ ‎1．What’s the purpose of the passage?‎ A．To attract tourists to these theme parks.‎ B．To introduce world’s best amusement parks.‎ C．To increase the sales of Amusement Today.‎ D．To compare attractions in different theme parks.‎ 解析：选B　写作意图题。根据第一段和下文对5个公园的介绍可知，本文旨在介绍世界上最好的娱乐公园。故选B。‎ ‎2．Which of the following theme parks have similar attractions?‎ A．Disneyland & Universal Studios.‎ B．EPCOT & DisneyMGM.‎ C．Disneyland & Magic Kingdom.‎ D．Magic Kingdom & Universal Studios.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句并结合其所在段落的标题“Magic Kingdom, Disney World, Florida”可知，应选C。‎ ‎3．Which park has the longest history?‎ A．Disneyland, California.‎ B．Magic Kingdom, Disney World, Florida.‎ C．EPCOT, Disney World, Florida.‎ D．DisneyMGM Studios, Florida.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，Disneyland, California是1955年开放的；根据第三段第一句可知，Magic Kingdom, Disney World,‎ ‎ Florida是1971年开放的；根据第四段第二句可知，EPCOT, Disney World, Florida是1982年开放的；根据倒数第二段第一句可知，DisneyMGM Studios, Florida的历史不到30年。由此可知，Disneyland, California是历史最悠久的。故选A。‎ ‎【三】‎ I passed my driving test at the fourth attempt. You might think that means I’m not as safe as someone who passed on their first attempt. But would you feel safer with no driver at all? Maybe not, and that’s why automotive firms have included driverassist functions in their driverless cars. This allows the human driver to take over if there is a problem.‎ Google is one producer that has prototype driverless cars. These cars have been newly equipped with autosteering wheels and conventional controls to allow normal driving. But this is just a stage — the vision is to have fully automated cars very soon. The director of Google’s selfdrive project, Chris Urmson, hopes his 11yearold son will never have to take a driving test. To achieve that, the cars need to be on the roads in five years. He says driverless cars will greatly reduce accidents and traffic jams.‎ According to Chris, about 1.2 million people are killed on the roads around the world each year. That number is equivalent to a jet falling out of the sky every day. He thinks gradual changes to existing car designs are not enough to deal with the problems. “If we are really going to make changes to our cities, get rid of parking lots, we need selfdrive cars，” he says.‎ Google’s prototypes have covered over a million kilometers on the road. They have also had to deal with unexpected situations, such as a child driving a toy car in the road, and a woman in an electric wheelchair chasing a duck. In each case, the car reacted safely.‎ Some are not convinced. Sven Beiker of Stanford University thinks driverless cars will still need human input in extreme circumstances.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。无人驾驶汽车尽管能够减少交通事故和交通堵塞，但是，它的安全性还有待验证。‎ ‎8．According to Paragraph 1, what is the author’s chief concern about driverless cars?‎ A．Functions.　　　　　　　 B．Safety.‎ C．Price. D．Appearance.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句“But would you feel ... in their driverless ‎ cars.”可知，作者主要关心的是无人驾驶汽车的安全问题。故选B。‎ ‎9．Chris Urmson mentioned his 11yearold son in order to show that ________.‎ A．traditional cars are harmful for kids B．his son is not good at driving C．his son is a slow learner in driving D．driverless cars will come soon 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二、三句可知，Chris Urmson希望他11岁的儿子将来不用参加驾照考试。为了实现这个愿望，无人驾驶汽车须在5年之内上市，即在他的儿子16岁之前。由此可知，Chris Urmson提到他儿子是为了说明无人驾驶汽车很快就能被生产出来。故选D。‎ ‎10．What is Chris Urmson’s comment on selfdrive cars?‎ A．They can solve many existing problems.‎ B．They are safer than a jet plane.‎ C．They can completely change our cities.‎ D．They should change gradually.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He says driverless cars will greatly ... jams.”和第三段最后一句“’If we are really ...’ he says.”可知，无人驾驶汽车可以减少交通事故、交通堵塞和停车场拥挤等现存的问题。故选A。‎ ‎11．What can we learn from the text?‎ A．Google’s prototypes will be tested on the roads soon.‎ B．Selfdrive cars are not designed for children or women.‎ C．Concerns remain about the reliability of selfdrive cars.‎ D．Driving tests will be easier to pass in the near future.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Some are not convinced ... in extreme circumstances.”可知，Sven ‎ Beiker认为在极端环境下，无人驾驶汽车还是需要人工来操作。由此可推知，有些人还是担心无人驾驶汽车的安全问题。故选C。‎ ‎【四】‎ When slaves were first brought over from West Africa to the southern parts of America, they brought along with them aspects of their own culture — religion, dance, language, music, and cuisine. A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared. The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston, and tribal chants slowly transformed into sorrowful hymns (圣歌) sung by slaves that described their hardships.‎ These soulful accounts by slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called “the blues”， which continued in popularity among African Americans after the Civil War. This music increased in popularity into the early 1900s when many black musicians became an important part of the music industry.‎ The slaves that had been brought over were from all different regions of West Africa, but they worked together until they gradually formed a common culture. This strengthened the identity of their music that, in the 1950s, eventually led to the beginning of rock and roll. The Beatles, the most influential band of the 1960s, are often determined as the accelerator that resulted in the ideology (意识形态) surrounding music that is still around today. The freedom and individuality associated with that time period brought forth a whole culture surrounding music. It was not just music any more, but a lifestyle.‎ Over the decades, music has developed into such a vital part of society and pop culture. Musicians are glorified, with tons of adoring and screaming fans. The modern technology of present day has allowed for a greater gap between the creator of the music and the fans, as well as the widespread commercialization of music.However, criticisms of modern pop music often arise due to its mass production, and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。当奴隶开始被从西非带到美国南部时，他们也带来了自己的文化——宗教、舞蹈、语言、音乐和烹饪。本文主要讲的是音乐在文化融合中的发展。‎ ‎12．What contributed to the birth of the Charleston?‎ A．Various African religions.‎ B．People’s love of tribal dances.‎ C．A mix of two different cultures.‎ D．The popularity of sorrowful hymns.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared. The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston”可知，两种文化的混合促进了Charleston的出现。故选C。‎ ‎13．According to the passage, what can we learn about the blues?‎ A．It became popular in the late 20th century.‎ B．It may include the description of slaves’ sad lives.‎ C．It mainly told the stories of the American Civil War.‎ D．It reflected the hard lives of many black musicians.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These soulful accounts by slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called ’the blues’”可知，对在苛刻的气候和环境下工作的奴隶的那些深情凄婉的描述被称作“the blues”。故选B。‎ ‎14．What does the underlined word “This” in the third paragraph refer to?‎ A．Slaves’ collective work.‎ B．One region of West Africa.‎ C．The new common culture.‎ D．The music by the Beatles.‎ 解析：选C　代词指代题。根据画线词前的“they worked together until they gradually formed a common culture. This strengthened ...”可知，他们一起工作直到他们逐渐形成一种共同的文化。故选C。‎ ‎15．It can be learned that the music in the early 20th century ________.‎ A．possessed soul and sincerity B．became more commercialized C．was blamed for its mass production D．widened the gap between musicians and fans 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century”可知，选A。‎ ‎【五】‎ Watch the countryside fly by as you travel by superfast Eurostar from London or Kent, through the Channel Tunnel and direct to the Heart of the Magic. Once there, enjoy this extraordinary world of fun, laughter, and magic.　　‎ Day One　 ‎ Board the direct Eurostar service to Disneyland Paris. When you arrive, a free shuttle bus will take you to your hotel to check in.Once you’ve settled, why not head to Disney Village — the resort’s lively entertainment centre? This evening, dine in the hotel or in one of the restaurants in Disney Village, and look forward to the days ahead.　　‎ Day Two　　‎ Enjoy a fantastic full day at Disneyland Paris, and take advantage of your Extra Magic Hours as specific areas of Disneyland Park open up to two hours earlier for Disney Resort Hotel guests. At the end of a wonderful day, head back to your hotel or into Disney Village.‎ Day Three Return to the Disney Parks for another day of thrills. Your special Hopper Ticket gives you unlimited admission to both Disneyland Park and Walt Disney Studios Park during opening hours, and you can plan your visit using the Park Timetables and Fastpass system to shorten your wait at popular rides. ‎ Day Four Check out of your hotel this morning, and use the hotel’s left luggage facility to make the most of your last day at Disneyland Paris. Your Eurostar departs this evening, so you’ll have plenty of time to make the most of the magic of Disney Village before beginning your journey home.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇广告。乘坐欧洲之星列车去巴黎迪士尼乐园吧！巴黎迪士尼乐园充满欢笑与神秘。文中介绍了巴黎迪士尼乐园之游的日程安排。‎ ‎1．How do travelers go to Disneyland Paris?‎ A．By air.　　　　　　　B．By ship.‎ C．By train. D．By coach.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Watch the countryside fly by as you travel by superfast Eurostar from London or Kent, through the Channel Tunnel”可推知，游客乘坐火车去巴黎迪士尼乐园。‎ ‎2．What are travelers advised to do after checking in at their hotel?‎ A．Go to Disney Village.‎ B．Dine in the hotel.‎ C．Prepare for the days ahead.‎ D．Have a good rest.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Once you’ve settled, why not head to Disney Village — the resort’s lively entertainment centre？”可知，对游客的建议是在酒店登记入住后去娱乐中心“Disney Village”。‎ ‎3．What can be used to save time in Disneyland Paris?‎ A．Extra Magic Hours.‎ B．The Hopper Ticket.‎ C．The Eurostar Ticket.‎ D．The Park Timetables and Fastpass system.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“you can plan your visit using the Park Timetables and Fastpass system to shorten your wait at popular rides”可知，游客可利用“Park Timetables and Fastpass system”节约时间。‎ ‎【六】‎ More than nine out of ten young people expose themselves to the blue light from smartphones before bed, causing problems with sleep. A new survey also shows more than 28 million people in the UK regularly get no more than seven hours sleep a night. Prof Richard Wiseman, who commissioned the YouGov poll described the findings as “extremely worrying”. Of the 2,149 adults questioned, 78% said they used electronic devices before going to bed. This ‎ rose to 91% among the 18 to 24yearolds questioned in the survey.‎ Getting less than seven hours sleep a night is below the recommended guidelines, and is associated with a range of problems, including an increased risk of weight gain, heart attacks, diabetes and cancer. “The blue light from these devices suppresses (压制) the production of the sleepinducing hormone melatonin, so it’s important to avoid them before bedtime，” said Prof Richard Wiseman, from the University of Hertfordshire. ‎ Everyone needs different amounts of sleep, but adults are generally thought to require a minimum of seven to eight hours a night. Teenagers are recommended to get more, about nine hours. The proportion(比例)of people thought to be getting too little sleep had risen by a fifth since a “bedroom poll” conducted last year by the National Sleep Foundation.‎ Last week revealed opticians were warning that the overuse of smartphones may be increasing people’s risk of eye damage. Optician Andy Hepworth said, “Blue violet light is potentially harmful to the back of your eyes.” So over a long period of time it can damage your eyes. When you’re looking at a smartphone, the light peaking out of that is blue violet. The news came as a survey of 2,000 people suggests under25s check their smartphones 32 times a day.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，睡前使用智能手机将导致睡眠问题，同时对视力也带来损害。‎ ‎4．The purpose of the passage is to ________.‎ A．stress that people don’t use smartphones B．remind people of enough sleep C．ask people not to sleep too much D．tell people not to use smartphone before bed 解析：选D　写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的第一句可知，超过90%的年轻人会在睡前玩智能手机，并因此导致睡眠问题；据此可以判断，本文旨在告诉人们不要在睡前玩智能手机，故D项正确。‎ ‎5．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．According to a new survey, more than 28 million people in the UK get more than seven hours sleep a night. ‎ B．More than 90% of young people expose themselves to the blue light from smartphones ‎ before bed.‎ C．Of the 2,149 adults questioned, 91% said they used electronic devices before going to bed.‎ D．The news came as a survey of 2,000 people suggests under25s check their smartphones 30 times a day.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句“More than nine out of ten ...causing problems with sleep.”可知，超过90%的年轻人会在睡前玩智能手机，故B项正确。‎ ‎6．According to what Andy Hepworth said, the overuse of smartphones may be increasing people’s risk of ________. ‎ A．weight gain B．cancer C．eye damage D．heart attacks 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一、二句可知，Andy Hepworth认为，过度使用智能手机会损伤眼睛，故C项正确。‎ ‎7．Teenagers are generally thought to get sleep of ______ a night.‎ A．about 9 hours B．7－8 hours C．less than 7 hours D．more than 10 hours 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“Teenagers are recommended to get more, about nine hours.”可知，青少年所需要的睡眠时间是每天大概9个小时，故A项正确。‎ ‎【七】‎ People need to seek out new foods because the world has so many mouths to feed. As of 2015, there are more than seven billion people on Earth, according to the United Nations. And by 2100 that number may double. Feeding all of these people means not only improving the way foods are grown, but also finding new sources of nutrition.‎ And that_quest is becoming ever more urgent. If nothing changes, within 35 years, the world’s appetite will be greater than the amount of foods produced. That’s according to a report released last year. It was prepared by the Global Harvest Initiative, a private agriculture group based in Washington, D．C.‎ Global warming, too, is changing food production. Scientists predict that rising temperatures will reduce the growth of important crops like wheat, corn and soybeans. Low income developing countries will be hit the hardest. When harvests fall, crops become more expensive. And since those foods are also used to feed animals like cows and pigs, meat prices, too, will rise.‎ All over the world, researchers are racing against the clock to figure out how best to feed more people in a fast changing world. And some surprising ideas have begun to come up. Two years ago, scientists introduced the first burger made from meat grown in a lab. The project cost more than D|S300,000, but it’s a start. Other researchers are developing seeds that can survive high temperatures and drought. Still others are finding ways to improve the genes of meat animals so they produce more meat and can stand the heat.‎ A gloomy (悲观的) forecast for the planet isn’t the only reason to study foods for the future. It’s a creative quest that will inspire people who can think in new ways about existing plants and animals — even insects. These researchers have used their talents in ways that even they never would have predicted.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲的是在全球变暖的环境下，人们应如何应对日益膨胀的人口的温饱问题。‎ ‎8．What do the underlined words “that quest” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．The research on foods.‎ B．The increase of population.‎ C．The variety of nutrition.‎ D．The change of appetite.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第一段的最后一句及下文的食物研究可知，画线词指对食物的研究。‎ ‎9．How does global warming affect low income developing countries?‎ a．Increase meat prices.‎ b．Raise the temperature.‎ c．Reduce the growth of crops.‎ d．Lead to the high cost of life.‎ e．Cause a higher price for crops.‎ A．b→a→c→d→e B．c→a→b→d→e C．d→e→c→a→b D．b→c→e→a→d 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段的整体内容可知，全球变暖首先是导致气温上升，然后是农作物减产，从而农作物价格上涨，进而肉类涨价，最终会导致人们生活成本增加。‎ ‎10．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?‎ A．New ways of farming.‎ B．Some great researchers.‎ C．Progress in food research.‎ D．Achievements in lab experiments.‎ 解析：选C　段落大意题。根据第四段的第二句“And some surprising ideas have begun to come up.”并结合本段的整体内容可推知，本段主要讲述的是食物研究方面的进步。‎ ‎11．What will be discussed in the following paragraph?‎ A．Examples of successful food researchers.‎ B．Different opinions about the future food.‎ C．Methods of dealing with global warming.‎ D．Possibilities of feeding the present population.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“These researchers have used their talents in ways that even they never would have predicted.”并结合本段的整体内容可推知，下文会举一些成功的食物研究者的例子。‎ ‎【八】‎ Vacation is a time for refreshment. In work, we are often called to think. Sometimes, it’s good to give our brains a rest. Without a break, we may not be able to perform up to our potential. This can be a problem, not only for the employee, but for the employer as well.‎ ‎“The main benefit of vacation is for the workers to come back energized，” says Weaver. “If they haven’t had a break, then they’re not coming back with new energy. They haven’t had a chance to step back and get perspective (客观判断力), and come back with renewed enthusiasm.”‎ Long working hours without a break, insecurity (无保障) about one’s job, and other workrelated worries can lead to burnout and stress. Humans can usually adapt to pressure, but not for a limitless amount of time.‎ ‎“It is a problem of relating good workers and having them loyal to the firm while they’re there，” says David Maume, PhD, professor of sociology at the University of Cincinnati. He says burnout can also affect employees’ productivity, creativity, and effectiveness.‎ In addition, high levels of stress are likely to be precursors (前兆) to depression, which can hit both the employer and employee’s pocketbook. Even people who manage to remain productive at work can have problems. If they’re always at work, then they’re not with their family and friends. If they’re working while on vacation, for the time that they’re on the job, they’re not really present.‎ An unbalanced emphasis on work can strain family and social life. When you come up for air, you may see that you’re alone, or that your relationships have gone on without you.‎ 语篇解读：员工的休假是必需的。休假可以使员工恢复体力和脑力，从而提高工作效率；如果没有休假，员工会产生焦虑、担心、心不在焉等不良情绪。‎ ‎12．What’s the main benefit of vacation?‎ A．The worker can come back with new energy.‎ B．The worker can step back and get more excited.‎ C．The manager can be more creative.‎ D．The worker can adapt to pressure much better.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“The main benefit of vacation is for the workers to come back energized”可知，休完假后员工会充满活力，故A项正确。‎ ‎13．When a worker is always at work, he is likely to get more and more ________.‎ A．energetic B．absentminded C．skillful D．active ‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句可知，长时间工作，没有休息，会使得员工精疲力尽、压力过大；据此可以判断，如果员工长时间工作而没有休息，他可能会心不在焉，故B项正确。‎ ‎14．The underlined word “there” in the fourth paragraph probably refers to ________.‎ A．the vacation B．the company ‎ C．the university D．the home ‎ 解析：选B　代词指代题。根据第四段第一句可知，当员工在公司工作时，使优秀的员工忠诚于公司便成了问题；据此可以判断，句中的“there”指代“firm”，B项意为“公司”，和“firm”为同义词，故B项正确。‎ ‎15．Which of the following is the best title of the text?‎ A．Why the workers need vacation.‎ B．How to spend the vacation effectively.‎ C．How to deal with the daily pressure.‎ D．Why the workers need new energy.‎ 解析：选A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文的主题段是第一段；根据该段的第一句和第四句可知，本文主要介绍员工需要休假的原因，故A项最适合做本文标题。‎ ‎【九】‎ Pacific Science Center Guide ‎◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laster Dome.‎ ‎◆Hungry ‎ ‎ Our exhibits will feed your mind but what about your body? Our café offers a complete ‎ menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes.‎ ‎◆Rental Information Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.‎ ‎◆Support Pacific Science Center ‎ Since 1962 Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and beings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Wish pacific organizer to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.‎ ‎21. Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?‎ A. In Building 1.‎ B. In Building 3.‎ C. At the last Dome.‎ D. At the Denny Way entrance.‎ ‎22. What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?‎ A. Train Science teachers.‎ B. Distribute science books.‎ C. Distribute scientific research.‎ D. Take science to the classroom.‎ ‎23. What is the purpose of the last part of the text?‎ A. To encourage donations.‎ B. To advertise coming events.‎ C. To introduce special exhibits.‎ D. To tell about the Center’s history.‎ ‎22. D 细节题。根据第四段中的Today Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and beings inquiry based science education to classrooms and company events all over Washington State可知现在Pacific Science Center每年向130多万人提供服务，并开始把科学教育带到教室。故选D。‎ ‎23. A 根据文章最后一段Wish pacific organzier.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.可知作者呼吁读者支持Pacific Science Center，也就是鼓励人们为之提供帮助，做贡献。故选A。‎ ‎【十】‎ Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.‎ It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its ‎ history and culture.‎ ‎“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.”‎ Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same,” says Moran.‎ Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party, “Just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,” says Moran. “For me, it’s the re contextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight(感悟) on how talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,” says Moran, “so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”‎ ‎28．Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?‎ A．To remember the birth of jazz.‎ B．To protect cultural diversity.‎ C．To encourage people to study music.‎ D．To recognize the value of jazz.‎ ‎29．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A．Jazz becoming more accessible.‎ B．The production of jazz growing faster.‎ C．Jazz being less popular with the young.‎ D．The jazz audience becoming larger. ‎ ‎30．What can we infer about Moran’s opinion on jazz?‎ A．It will disappear gradually.‎ B．It remains black and white.‎ C．It should keep up with the times.‎ D．It changes every 50 years.‎ ‎31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Exploring the Future of Jazz.‎ B．The Rise and Fall of Jazz.‎ C．The Story of a Jazz Musician.‎ D．Celebrating the Jazz Day.‎ ‎29.C 推理判断题。根据前文Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations可知尽管UNESCO为爵士乐设了纪念日，但美国的爵士乐听众依然在减少，并且年龄在老化。爵士乐没能将年轻一代人联接起来。再结合It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that“是Jason Moran所做的事情帮助改变了那个情况”，所以可推测that指代的是前文中爵士乐在年轻一代人中失去吸引力的现象。故选C。‎ ‎30.C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same可知Moran认为爵士乐不能以1908或1958年的方式来表达当代，因为世界运转的方式不同，所以爵士乐必须继续前进才行。说明随着时代的发展，爵士乐也要跟上时代才不会被年轻一代所抛弃。故选C。‎ ‎31.A ‎ 推理判断题。通读全文可知本文主要讲UNESCO为提高人们对爵士乐的重视设立爵士日，但实际收效甚微。有人认为爵士乐应随着时代的进步而进步，否则将失去吸引力。可知本文主要探索爵士乐的未来，故选A。‎