2020届一轮复习人教版必修3Unit2　Healthyeating单元学案（44页）

2020届一轮复习人教版必修3Unit2　Healthyeating单元学案（44页）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修3 Unit 2Healthy eating单元学案 要 点 梳 理 高效梳理·知识备考 ‎●重点单词 ‎1．diet n．日常饮食 vi.节食 ‎2．balance vt.平衡；权衡 n．天平；平衡→balanced adj.均衡的 ‎3．fry vt. & vi.油煎；油炸 ‎4．curiosity n．好奇心→curious adj.好奇的 ‎5．raw adj.生的；未加工的 ‎6．lie vi.说谎；n.谎话；谎言→liar n．说谎者 ‎7．customer n．顾客；消费者 ‎8．discount n．折扣 ‎9．weakness n．缺点；虚弱；弱点→weak adj.虚弱的→weaken v．使变弱 ‎10．strength n．力；力量；强项；长处→strengthen v．加强，强化 ‎11．consult vt.咨询；请教；商量 ‎12．digest v．消化，吸收 n．消化，吸收；文摘，摘要→digestion n．消化力，领悟 ‎13．debt n．债；债务 ‎14．glare vi.怒目而视；闪耀n.怒视；眩目的光 ‎15．limit n．界限；限度 vt.限制；限定→limited adj.有限的 ‎16．benefit n．利益；好处 vt. & vi.有益于；有助于；受益→beneficial adj.有利的，有益的 ‎17．sigh vi.叹息；叹气n.叹息；叹息声 ‎18．combine vt. & vi.(使)联合；(使)结合→combination n．联合，结合 ‎●重点短语 ‎1．be/go on a diet　 节食 ‎2．ought to 应当；应该 ‎3．lose weight 体重减轻；减肥 ‎4．get away with 被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚 ‎5．tell a lie 说谎 ‎6．win...back 赢回；重新获得 ‎7．earn one’s living 谋生 ‎8．in debt 欠债 ‎9．spy on 暗中监视；侦察 ‎10．cut down 削减；删节 ‎11．before long 不久以后 ‎12．put on weight 增加体重 ‎13．glare at 怒视 ‎14．benefit from 受益于 ‎15．throw away 扔掉；丢弃 ‎●重点句型 ‎1．Nothing could be better... 再没有比这更好的了……‎ ‎2．He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! 他可不能让咏慧哄骗人们后跑掉！‎ ‎3．Why don't you sit down and try a meal? ‎ 你为什么不坐下来吃顿饭呢？‎ ‎4．According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet.‎ 我的研究表明，你我两家所提供的都不是平衡膳食。‎ ‎●高考范文 假设你正在参加全省中学生英语演讲比赛，请你针对有些父母经常翻看孩子日记或书包这一现象，写一篇演讲稿，陈述你的观点。 ‎ 演讲稿的主要内容应包括： ‎ ‎·认为同学们不必为此苦恼； ‎ ‎·希望能够体谅父母的苦衷； ‎ ‎·建议与父母进行交流和沟通。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数100左右； ‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； ‎ ‎3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. ‎ Some of us are having problems with our parents, as they often look into our school bags or read our diaries._____________________‎ Thank you! ‎ ‎[思路点拨]‎ 体裁与历年一样，仍是一封书信，但话题却是考生非常熟悉和感兴趣的话题，即对某些父母偷翻孩子的书包，偷看孩子的日记的做法的一些看法。对于此类文章，要按照要求写出此类方面的内容，认真、规范、清楚的书写，并适当运用一些复合句和关联词语进行连接，就会是一篇很好的文章了。 ‎ ‎[范文]‎ Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. ‎ Some of us are having problems with our parents, as they often look into our school bags or read our diaries. I fully understand why we are not comfortable about it, but there's no need to feel too sad. Our parents are checking our bags or diaries to make sure we're not getting into any trouble. ‎ They have probably heard some horrible stories about other kids and thought we might do the same. Or perhaps they just want to connect with us but are doing it all wrong. My suggestion is: Tell them we want them to trust us as much as we'd like to trust them. If you don't think you can talk to them, write them a letter and leave it lying around—they are bound to read it.‎ Thank you!‎ 考 点 探 究 互动探究·能力备考 Ⅰ.词汇短语过关 ‎1．diet n．日常饮食　vi. 节食 be/go on a diet put sb. on a diet用规定的食谱，控制饮食 a diet of sth. 多得令人生厌的事物 ‎[即学即练1]　(1)___________________________ is not good for you.太油腻的食物对你不利。‎ ‎(2)The doctors all suggest I _______________________ .医生们都建议我节食。‎ Too rich a diet go on a diet 比较：diet 既可指习惯上常用的食品，又可指规定的食物，特指维持健康的定质定量的食物；food是“食物”的一般用语，指任何能吃的且有营养的东西。‎ ‎2．balance vt.&vi.&n.平衡 balanced adj. 平稳的，安定的，和谐的 in the balance 悬而未决 the balance of forces 力量对比 out of balance 失去平衡 keep one's balance 保持平衡，保持镇静 lose one's balance 失去平衡，失去镇静 throw sb. off the balance 使某人失去平衡，使某人慌乱 balance the good and evil of things ‎ 权衡事物的好坏两方面 ‎ ‎ ‎[即学即练2](1)We must ______________ the good and evil of things.我们必须权衡事物的好坏两个方面。‎ ‎(2)The acrobat __________________ on the high rope.‎ 杂技演员在高处的绳子上使自己保持平衡。‎ ‎(3)It is difficult to __________________________ on an icy pavement.人行道上结了冰，要想不摔倒可不容易。‎ ‎(4)How long can you _______________ on one foot?‎ 你能单脚站立多久？‎ balance balanced himself keep one’s balance balance ‎ ‎3．lie n．谎话；谎言 vt.&vi.说谎；躺，处于(某位置)‎ tell a lie/lies 说谎[反]tell the truth 说实话 a white lie 善意的谎言 a big lie 弥天大谎 lie to sb.向某人撒谎 lie in 在于；处于 lie down 躺下；屈服 lie on one's side/back/stomach 侧卧/仰卧/俯卧 There lies... 某地有……‎ 提示：易混词形变化：‎ lie撒谎→lied→lied 躺→lay→lain→lying lay 放；产卵→laid→laid→laying ‎[即学即练3](1)The boy must be a spy and was ‎ ‎__________________.这男孩子一定是个间谍且在说谎。‎ ‎(2)You are ______ and lies cannot cover up facts.‎ 你在说谎，但谎言掩盖不了事实。‎ ‎(3)He was ______ in the shade of the tree.‎ 他正躺在树荫下。‎ ‎(4)The factory ____________ the west of the town. ‎ 工厂在镇的西边。‎ telling a lie lying lying lies to ‎(5)Don't ______ your coat on the bed.‎ 不要把你的外衣放在床上。‎ ‎(6)Birds, fishes, and insects ____________________.‎ 鸟下蛋，鱼和昆虫产卵。‎ lay lay eggs ‎4．consult vt.&vi. 向……咨询；查阅 consultant n．会诊医生；顾问 consulting adj. 咨询的；顾问的 consult sb. about sth. 向某人请教某事 consult a book (a dictionary )查书(字典)‎ consult with sb. 同某人商量 a consulting engineer 顾问工程师 ‎[即学即练4](1)You'd better ______ a doctor ______ your illness.你最好找医生咨询一下你的病情。‎ ‎(2)Before a decision has been made, you'd better __________________. 在作决定之前，最好找你父亲商量一下。‎ ‎(3)When you take a geography exam, you may ‎ ‎__________________.参加地理考试时，你可以查阅地图。‎ ‎(4)He is ________________________ his advisor.‎ 他正同他的顾问磋商事情。 ‎ consult about consult your father consult a map consulting with ‎5．limit n．界限；限度　v．限制；限定 limited adj. 有限的 limitation n. 限制；限制条件，不足之处 go beyond/over the limit 超过限度 within limits 在一定范围内；有限度的 within the limits of 在……的范围内 without limit 无限(制)地 set a limit to sth. 对……规定限度 be limited to sth. 受限制于……‎ limit sth. to sth. 把……限定在……的范围内 ‎[即学即练5](1)I've ____________________ 1 000 calories a day to try to lose weight.‎ 我试着减肥，限定自己每天摄入1 000卡的热量。‎ ‎(2)A wise man knows his own ______________.‎ 人贵有自知之明。‎ ‎(3)As we all know, a person's life is ______， but knowledge is _________________.‎ ‎＝As we all know, there is ____________________ a person's life but ____________________ knowledge.‎ 我们都知道，人的生命是有限的，而知识却是无限的。‎ limited myself to limitations limited unlimited a limit to no limit to ‎6．benefit n．利益，实惠；优越性 vt.&vi.得益；使……受益 benefit sb./someplace 使某人/某地受益 benefit from/by sth.‎ receive/gain benefit from sth.得益于某事 be of great/much benefit to sb.‎ ‎＝be very beneficial to sb. 对某人有好处 for the benefit of...为了帮助……；为了……的利益 ‎[即学即练6](1)The new hospital will ________the entire community.这所新医院将使整个社区受益。‎ ‎(2)I __________ much ______ my father's advice.‎ 我从父亲的建议中获益颇多。‎ ‎(3)Moderate exercise will be _______________________ you.适度运动对你有很多益处。‎ ‎(4)She went there _______________________________ her health.她为了健康而去了那里。‎ benefit benefited from of much benefit to for the benefit of ‎7．combine vt. & vi. (使)联合；(使)结合 combination n. 结合；联合；化合(物)‎ combine into... 联合成……‎ combine...with... 把……与……结合起来 a combination of... 一种……的结合(物)‎ in combination with 与……联合起来 ‎[即学即练7](1)Some films _________ education ______ recreation.有些电影把教育与娱乐结合起来。‎ ‎(2)The two small shops _________ to make a large one.‎ 这两个小店合并起来成为了一个大商店。‎ ‎(3)Pink is ________________________ red and white.‎ 粉红色是红色与白色的混合色。‎ combine with combined a combination of ‎8．get away with 被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚 get rid of 摆脱；除去 get about 走动；旅行；(消息等)传开来 get across (使)被理解；(把……)讲清楚 get on/along well with... 与……相处得好；进展得好 get away from 逃脱；离开 get down (从……)下来；写下；使沮丧 get down to doing sth. 开始认真地做某事 get in 收获；插话 get in touch with 与……取得联系 get into the habit of 染上……的习惯 get into trouble 陷入困境 get out (of...) (使)出去；离开；逃脱；摆脱 get over 爬过(墙等)；克服(困难等)；从……中恢复过来 get through 办完；花完(钱、时间等)；(使)通过；接通电话 ‎[即学即练8](1)I won't have you _______________________ cheating in the exam.‎ 我不能容忍你考试作弊而不受惩罚。‎ ‎(2)He was so lucky to __________________________ only a fine for such a serious mistake.‎ 他犯了如此严重的错误，侥幸只被罚款了事。‎ ‎(3)How can I _________________________________ the flies in the kitchen？我怎样才能把厨房里的苍蝇消灭掉？‎ ‎(4)He's not very good at __________ his ideas _________.‎ 他不太善于清楚地表达自己的思想。‎ getting away with get away with get rid of getting across ‎9．in debt负债 be in heavy debt负债累累 be in debt to sb.欠某人债 pay off all the debts还清债务(动作)‎ be out of debt不欠债(状态)‎ get/run into debt陷入债务 ‎[即学即练9](1)In my opinion, the elegant woman with long hair can’t have been _______________________.‎ 在我看来，那位优雅的长发女士不可能负债累累。‎ ‎(2)Being __________________________ makes Tom a light mood.还清了债务使得汤姆心情轻松。‎ ‎(3)The couple worked hard day and night in order to ____________________________________________.‎ 为了还清所有的债务，这对夫妇夜以继日地拼命干活。 ‎ in heavy debt out of debt pay off all their debts ‎10．cut down 砍倒，使倒下；削减，压缩；减价 ‎[即学即练10](1)He used to _______________ trees, but he plants trees now.他过去砍树，而现在植树。‎ ‎(2)I have to __________________________.我得少抽烟。‎ ‎(3)AIDS __________________________ at an early age.‎ 艾滋病较早地夺去了他的生命。‎ ‎(4)He was asking $100 for the vase, but I ‎ ‎____________________________________ $75.‎ 这个花瓶要价100美元，但我砍到了75美元。‎ cut down cut down smoking cut him down cut him down to 拓展：cut across走捷径，穿过去 cut in插话；让某人分享利润 cut off中止，切断；隔绝 cut out删除；裁剪 cut up劈碎，切碎；使难过；(严重地)割伤 cut short突然停止，中断(活动)‎ cut through穿过；克服；避开；剪断 Ⅱ.重点句型详解 ‎1．Nothing could be better... 再没有比这更好的了……‎ 此句中形容词(或副词)的比较级 better与否定词 nothing连用，表达最高级的含义。常用的否定词有 no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等与比较级连用，表示最高级的含义。‎ ‎①I think nothing is more pleasant than travelling.‎ 我想没有什么比旅行更令人愉快的了。‎ ‎②Nobody loves money better than he.‎ 没人比他更贪财。‎ ‎③—Did you sleep well last night? 你昨晚睡得怎样？‎ ‎—Never better, like a rock. 从来没这么好过，像块石头。‎ 拓展：下列结构也可表示最高级的含义：‎ ‎(1)否定词＋so＋adj./adv.(原级)‎ such＋adj.(原级)＋n.‎ ‎(2)adj./adv.(比较级)＋than＋‎ any other＋n. (单数)‎ any of the other＋n. (复数)‎ ‎①You haven't done such a foolish thing!‎ 你从没有做过这么傻的事！(这是你做过的最傻的事。)‎ ‎②Bill runs faster than any other boy any of the other boys in his class.‎ 在班里比尔跑得比别的男孩快。‎ ‎[即境活用1]　(1)—Did you listen to Mr Jackson's lecture?‎ ‎—Yes, I have never heard a ______ one.‎ A．more exciting　　　　　 B．more excited C．most exciting D．most excited 解析：考查否定词与比较级连用表示最高级意义，即 never...a more exciting one。‎ 答案：A ‎ ‎(2)—Who is your favourite basketball player in China?‎ ‎—Yao Ming, of course. No one plays ______.‎ A．better B．best C．good D．well 解析：No one plays better. 意为“没有人(比他)打得更好”。‎ 答案：A ‎2．He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! 他不可能让咏慧哄骗人们后跑掉！‎ have sb. doing 在此表示“允许或容忍(某事物)发生”。此处的 have常用在否定句中，特别是用在 will not, cannot 等之后。‎ 归纳：(1)have sb. do sth. “使某人做某事”，不定式做宾补省略 to，但其被动式(sb. be made to do sth.)不能省略 to。含此种“使得”意义的其他动词还有 make, let, lead, drive等，如： No one can have Tom do this. 没人能使汤姆做这件事。‎ ‎(2)have sth. done 包含两层意思：一种是“请别人做某事”；另一种为“承担外界或别人做某事的后果”。‎ ‎(3)have sb. (sth.) doing 有两层含义：一种是“使……处于某种状态或作出某种反应”；另一种是“允许、听任某种事情发生”，这种用法一般用于否定句中。‎ ‎(4)have sth. to do 意为“有某事要做”，have 意为“有，拥有”。不定式 to do是宾语 sth.的定语，句子的主语是不定式动作的执行者。如果是 to be done做定语时，说明该不定式是由别人发出的。‎ ‎①It is rude of you to speak to Father like that and I won't have you speaking to Father like that in future.‎ 那样跟父亲说话很粗鲁，今后我不会再容忍你那样跟父亲说话。‎ ‎②He had his audience listening attentively.‎ 他吸引住了听众的注意力。‎ ‎③No one can have me leave the office.‎ 没有人能使我离开办公室。‎ ‎④She had her bag stolen.‎ 她的包被偷了。‎ ‎⑤I have some letters to type.‎ 我有些信要打。(“我”自己动手打)‎ ‎⑥I have some letters to be typed.‎ 我有几封信需要打。(需要找别人打)‎ ‎[即境活用2]　(1)We can't have people ______ late all the time.‎ A．arrive B．to arrive C．arriving D．arrived 解析：用于否定句中 can't have sb. doing 意为“不能允许……”。‎ 答案：C ‎(2)Is this TV set ______ you wish to have ______？‎ A．the one; repaired B．which; it repaired C．the one; it repaired D．which; repaired 解析：第一空填 the one做先行词，其后为省略 which的定语从句，且 which在从句中做 have的宾语，故选A。‎ 答案：A ‎(3)—Mr Smith, do you have something ______ at this moment?‎ ‎—No, thanks. I'll call you if any.‎ A．to be typed B．to type C．typed D．typing 解析：考查 have something to be done结构，因为不定式的主语不是句子主语 you。‎ 答案：A ‎ ‎3．Why_don't_you sit down and try a meal? 你为什么不坐下来吃顿饭呢？‎ Why don't you...？＝Why not do...？为什么不……？(表示建议)‎ ‎①Why don't you have a try once again?‎ ‎＝Why not have a try once again?‎ 为什么不再试一下呢？‎ ‎②Why don't you call him right now?‎ ‎＝Why not call him right now?‎ 为什么不立刻给他打个电话？‎ 拓展：向别人提建议也可以用：‎ ‎(1)had better do... 最好做……‎ ‎(2)Let's do..., shall we? 让我们做……，好吗？‎ ‎(3)I advise you (not) to do... 我劝你(别)做……‎ ‎(4)I suggest that you (not) do... 我建议你(别)做……‎ ‎(5)Can't we do...? 难道我们不可以做……吗？‎ ‎(6)What/How about doing...? 做……怎么样？‎ ‎(7)Will you please do...? 请你做……好吗？‎ ‎(8)Would you like/love to do...? 你愿意做……吗？‎ ‎(9)I wonder if you should do... ‎ 我想知道你是不是应该做……‎ ‎(10)Shall we do...? 我们做……好吗？‎ ‎[即境活用3]　—It's a long time since I saw my sister.‎ ‎—______ her this weekend?‎ A．Why not visit B．Why not to visit C．Why not visiting D．Why don't visit 解析：Why not do...？＝Why don't you do...? 意为：“为什么不……呢？”用于提出建议。‎ 答案：A ‎ 易 错 点 拨 自我完善·误区备考 ‎1. strength/force/energy/power ‎(1)strength 指固有的潜力。说人时，指“力气”；说物时，指“强度”。也可指“强项，长处”。‎ ‎(2)force 主要指自然界的力量，暴力，势力以及法律、道德或感情的力量，军事的力量等。‎ ‎(3)energy 主要指人的精力或自然界的能量。‎ ‎(4)power 主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能；也可指人或机器等事物潜在的或所能发挥出来的力量；还可指职权、权力或政权。‎ ‎[应用1]　用 energy/power/force和 strength 填空。‎ ‎(1)Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of __________.‎ ‎(2)The party came to __________ at the last election.‎ ‎(3)Gandi insisted on winning independence by peaceful struggles, not by ___________.‎ ‎(4)Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ___________.‎ energy power force strength ‎ ‎2. join/combine/unite/connect ‎(1)join 侧重把原来不相连接的事物紧密地连接在一起，但仍可再分开。也指把分散的人或几个部分的人联合起来，或加入到某团体中去。短语：join up联合起来；join...to/and...连接。‎ ‎(2)combine 指两个或两个以上的人或物结合在一起。短语： combine with 与……结合。‎ ‎(3)unite 指联合、团结、结合在一起，构成一个整体。‎ ‎(4)connect 指两事物在某一点上相连接，但彼此又保持独立。短语：connect...to/with 与……相连；be connected with与……有关系。‎ ‎[应用2]　用 join, combine, unite, connect的恰当形式填空。‎ ‎(1)__________， we'll stand; divided, we'll die.‎ ‎(2)Efforts and confidence _________ to make a full man.‎ ‎(3)This path __________ the highway up ahead.‎ ‎(4)This railway ____________ London and Edinburgh.‎ United combine joins connects ‎3. glare/glance/stare/gaze/glimpse ‎(1)glare侧重含有敌对情绪的“怒视”。‎ ‎(2)glance指快速地“一扫”“一瞥”。‎ ‎(3)stare指睁大眼睛出神地看或注视，凝视，多出于惊讶、好奇、羡慕等，有时是粗鲁无礼的。‎ ‎(4)gaze多指由于喜爱、憧憬或快乐而长时间无意识地注视。‎ ‎(5)glimpse无意识地一瞥，看到粗略印象，强调结果。‎ ‎[应用3]　(1)The policeman ____________ the thief as he drove past.‎ ‎(2)They ___________ at each other for a long time, after the quarrel.‎ ‎(3)It’s impolite to ___________ at foreign guests in the street.‎ ‎(4)He __________ at her and left hurriedly.‎ ‎(5)The girl likes lying on her back and __________ at the stars above.‎ glimpsed glared stare glanced gazing 高 效 作 业 自我测评·技能备考 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．If you have a good d____________， you may always feel fit and healthy.‎ ‎2．Sorry, this box is too heavy. I don't have the s________ to lift it.‎ ‎3．Out of c_____________， I asked an impolite question, “May I know your age？”‎ ‎4．When c____________ go into a shop, they naturally look to their left but move clockwise, towards the right.‎ digestion　‎ strength curiosity customers ‎5．C________________ the eggs with a little flour and heat the mixture gently.‎ ‎6．In some countries, people eat too much fat and sugar; they should eat a _________ (均衡的) diet to keep healthy.‎ ‎7．Taking exercise is of great _______ (利益) to our health.‎ ‎8．If I pay all my ______ (债), I'll have no money left.‎ ‎9．He is not ______ (苗条的) enough to wear these tight trousers.‎ ‎10．Who gave you ____________ (允许) to leave the office so early?‎ Combine　‎ balanced benefit debts slim permission Ⅱ .单项选择 ‎1．—Why do you eat all the vegetables but leave ______ meat untouched?‎ ‎—I'm on ______ diet.‎ A．a; the B．the; / C．/; a D．the; a 答案：D 解析：考查冠词。——你为什么吃了所有的蔬菜而不动肉呢？——我在节食。第一空特指双方都知道的“meat”，故用the；第二空on a diet“节食”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎2．To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their ______ and weaknesses.‎ A．strengths B．benefits C．techniques D．values 答案：A 解析：考查名词辨析。由题意知 weakness 的反义词是 strength，指“强项”。‎ ‎3．Even if the treatment ______， there's still no magic pill for patients in the late stage of AIDS.‎ A．does B．uses C．works D．helps 答案：C 解析：考查动词辨析。work“起作用，生效”，符合语意：尽管治疗起作用了，对于晚期的艾滋病患者来说还是没有什么特效药。‎ ‎4．Once you have decided to buy an expensive article, you had better______an expert on it.‎ A．ask B．advise C．consult D．find 答案：C 解析：句意为“一旦你决定买件贵重物品，你最好找这方面的专家咨询一下”。consult sb. 意为“向某人请教”。其他选项不符合语境。‎ ‎5．A large sum of money has been raised for the ______of the poorly－educated children in the mountainous districts.‎ A．profit B．favor C．advantage D．benefit 答案：D 解析：for the benefit of...“为了……的利益/好处”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎6．You'd better ______ your expenses on clothes.‎ A．cut up B．cut down C．cut off D．cut out 答案：B 解析：表示“削减花费/开销”，用 cut down。‎ ‎7．A harmonious society is like a symphony orchestra－each person contributes a small sound, but when ______ with other sounds, it becomes beautiful music.‎ A．combining B．being combined C．combined D．to be combined 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。当状语从句的主语与主句中的主语一致且谓语中含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，本句完整形式应为when it is combined...。‎ ‎8．The child should be punished. You shouldn’t let him ______ telling lies.‎ A．keep away from B．keep away with C．get away from D．get away with 答案：D 解析：考查动词短语。句意为：这个孩子应该受到惩罚。你不应该让他逃脱撒谎受到的处罚。get away with表示“侥幸成功，逃脱处罚”；get away from表示“逃离”；keep away from表示“远离”。‎ ‎9．You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it ______ often enough.‎ A．explaining B．to explain C．explain D．explained 答案：D 解析：本题中it指代the traffic rule，它与explain构成动宾关系，因此用过去分词做宾补。have sth. done让别人做某事。‎ ‎10．What an unforgettable experience! I’ll write it down ______ it is still ‎ fresh in my memory.‎ A．since B．while C．after D．until 答案：B 解析：句意：多么令人难忘的经历！趁记忆犹新，我要把它写下来。while引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎11．There was an oil painting ______ in the corner. It ______ there for several days.‎ A．laying; had laid B．lain; had laid C．lying; had lain D．laid; had been lain 答案：C 解析：第一空填 lying表示“正处于某状态”；第二空填 had lain表示“已经处于该位置好几天了”。‎ ‎12．If you just spend time ______ advantages and disadvantages, you may get nothing in the end.‎ A．matching B．balancing C．observing D．examining 答案：B 解析：balance advantages and disadvantages 意为“权衡利弊”。‎ ‎13．—The weather isn't good enough for an outing, isn't it?‎ ‎—Not in the least. We can't have ______ at this time of the year.‎ A．a worse day B．a nicer day C．such bad a day D．so fine a day 答案：A 解析：not in the least 相当于 not at all, 意为“根本不”。此题考查比较级的否定形式表达最高级的含义。B、D两项与题意不符；C项结构错误。‎ ‎14．—Lucy doesn't mind lending you her dictionary.‎ ‎—She ______. I've already borrowed one.‎ A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．shouldn't 答案：C 解析：句意为：“Lucy不介意把词典借给你。”“她不必了。我已经借了一本了。”本题测试情态动词的用法。 needn't 不必(不需要)；can't 不能(不许)；mustn't 不行(禁止)；shouldn't 不该(责备)。‎ ‎15．—Why don't we hold a party to celebrate the achievements gained by our Olympic players?‎ ‎—______‎ A．Because we haven't got enough preparations.‎ B．Good idea!‎ C．It's all because of the terrible weather.‎ D．Not all would like to attend it.‎ 答案：B 解析：Why don't...？“为什么不……？”用于提出建议，故回答B项“好主意”。‎ Ⅲ .阅读理解 A Many people think the search for cleaner energy leads only to renewable resources like sun, wind and water. But it also leads to a fossil fuel. Natural gas is considered the cleanest of the fossil fuels, the fuel created by plant and animal remains over millions of years. Burning it releases fewer pollutants than oil or coal. The gas is mainly methane (甲烷). It produces half the carbon dioxide of other fossil fuels. So it may help cut ‎ the production of carbon gases linked to climate change. ‎ Russia is first in what are called “proved reserves” of natural gas. The United States is sixth. Over the years, big oil and gas companies recovered much of the easily reached supplies of gas in America. They drilled straight down into formations where gas collects. As these supplies were used up, big drillers looked for similar formations in other countries.‎ But now the industry is taking a new look. Companies are developing gas supplies trapped in shale (页岩) rock two to three thousand meters underground. They drill down to the shale, then go sideways and inject highpressure water, sand or other material into the rock. This causes the rock to fracture,_releasing the gas. Huge fields of gas shale are believed to lie under the Appalachian Mountains, Michigan and the southcentral states. Gas shale exploration is being done mainly by small to medium sized companies. Eric Potter, a program director, says more than half the gas in the United States is now coming from these new reserves. ‎ But hydraulic (液压的) fracturing can also produce debate and anger over the risk of groundwater pollution. This method of drilling is not federally supervised under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Some in Congress want to end that exemption (豁免) from the law.‎ Natural gas provides Americans with about one fourth of their energy. And, unlike oil, most of it is produced in America. Gas producers invested heavily in reaching new supplies when prices were high. But prices are down sharply now because the depression cut demand for energy. So energy expert Eric Potter says it is too early to know how the changing market prices will affect the market for gas shale exploration.‎ ‎1. We can learn from the first paragraph that ______.‎ ‎ A. natural gas releases methane and carbon dioxide ‎ B. natural gas is considered as the cleanest energy ‎ C. natural gas is more environmentally friendly than other fossil fuels D. natural gas is a renewable source of energy 答案及解析：‎ ‎1．C。从It produces half the carbon dioxide of other fossil fuels. So it may help cut the production of carbon gases linked to climate change.可知 天然气燃烧产生的二氧化碳气体只是燃烧其他矿物燃料的一半，所以是环保的。‎ ‎2. The word “fracture” in paragraph 3 probably means ______.‎ A. create B. break ‎ C. change D. decrease 答案及解析：‎ ‎2．B。 根据文章第四段内容在进行页岩气开采时，先用钻子钻入岩层再注入高压水、沙子或者其他材料到岩层当中，促使岩层开裂释放气体，所以答案是“break”，有“裂开、破碎”的意思。‎ ‎3. From the passage, we learn that ______.‎ ‎ A. big oil and gas companies only search for gas in their own country ‎ ‎ B. gas shale exploration will be taken over by big oil and gas ‎ companies ‎ C. there may be huge fields of gas shale under the Appalachian Mountains ‎ D. one fourth of the natural gas in America is coming from gas shale exploration 答案及解析：‎ ‎3．C。 从第三段Huge fields of gas shale are believed to lie under the Appalachian Mountains, Michigan and the southcentral states可以知道C项正确。‎ ‎4. Gas shale exploration may cause disagreement because ______.‎ ‎ A. it may cause water pollution ‎ ‎ B. it brings too high profits ‎ C. it breaks the law ‎ ‎ D. it is out of states' control 答案及解析：‎ ‎4．A。从倒数第二段的第一句可以得出答案。‎ ‎5. According to Eric Potter, the new gas shale exploration ______.‎ ‎ A. will provide America with about one fourth of their energy ‎ B. will increase demand for energy ‎ C. will make gas producers invest a big sum of money ‎ D. may be influenced by the changing market prices 答案及解析：‎ ‎5．D。从文章的最后一句可以得出答案。‎ B The income gap between China's rural and urban residents(居民) has continued to widen during the past few years in spite of rapidly rising rural incomes, Agricultural Minister Sun Zhengcai said here on Wednesday.‎ The income ratio(比率) between urban and rural residents was 3.28：‎1 in 2006, against 3.23：‎1 in 2003, said Sun in his report on the promotion of ‎ building a new countryside in 2007. Sun also said the net income of rural residents in different regions also varied widely. The income gap is only one of several problems in rural areas, according to Sun's report. While listing the achievements in rural areas in recent years, Sun believed that rural development still followed behind urban development.‎ ‎“We have bigger pressure to ensure the supply of major agricultural products such as grain，” he said. “China's urbanization(都市化) has been speeded up and more rural residents have gone to urban areas，” he said.‎ ‎“In this case, more agricultural producers become farm produce consumers, which created more pressure for supply，” he said.‎ ‎ Another problem facing China's agricultural development is inadequate application of science and technology.‎ ‎ “Only 30 percent of scientific and technological achievements have been applied to agricultural production, which is 40 percentage points lower than developed countries，” he said. ‎ Despite increased government spending in rural areas, the infrastructure(基础设施) is still poor and easily hit by disasters.‎ ‎ According to Sun, the government spent 431.8 billion yuan ($59.15 billion) on agriculture, rural areas and farmers this year, an increase of 80.1 billion yuan over the previous year.‎ ‎ China set aside 11.38 billion yuan to promote a new rural cooperative medical care system and 27.98 billion yuan to support the new compulsory education mechanism in rural area to ensure that all citizens shared the fruits of China's reform and openingup, Sun said. ‎ ‎6. Which of the following is true according to the text?‎ ‎ A. Because of the rapidly rising rural incomes, the income gap between China's rural and urban residents will disappear this year.‎ ‎ B. The net income of rural residents in different regions is the same.‎ ‎ C. The government has taken measures to develop the economy in the rural areas.‎ ‎ D. Because of the rapidly rising rural incomes, the supply of major agricultural products is enough.‎ 答案及解析：‎ ‎6．C。文章最后一段提到了政府对农村的投入，可知政府采取了措施来发展乡村经济。‎ ‎7. Can you infer the meaning of the underlined words in paragraph 5?‎ ‎ A. Be made full use of.‎ ‎ B. Be made little use of.‎ ‎ C. Be not made full use of.‎ ‎ D. Be made good use of.‎ 答案及解析：‎ ‎7．C。由接下来提到应用的比率及这个比率与发达国家的比较，可知应用得并不充分，但也不是只有一点儿。‎ ‎8. How much is spent on agriculture, rural areas and farmers the previous year?‎ ‎ A. 431.8 billion yuan.‎ ‎ B. 511.9 billion yuan.‎ ‎ C. 351.7 billion yuan.‎ ‎ D. 80.1 billion yuan.‎ 答案及解析：‎ ‎8．C。今年是431.8，比去年增长了80.1，那么去年应当是这两个数的差，即351.7。‎ ‎9. Which is NOT the problem in rural areas?‎ ‎ A. The income gap.‎ ‎ B. The inadequate application of science and technology.‎ ‎ C. The supply of major agricultural products.‎ ‎ D. China's urbanization.‎ 答案及解析：‎ ‎9．D。D当中提到的中国的城市化引起了农村人口的流动，这是引起农村问题的原因，不是问题本身。‎