2018届一轮复习北师大版必修2Unit4Cyberspace学案

2018届一轮复习北师大版必修2Unit4Cyberspace学案

单元尾核心要点回扣 Ⅰ.重点单词 ‎1． adj.真的，真实的→ vt.实现，认识到→ n．真实，现实 ‎2． vt.& n．伤害，损害→ adj.无害的→ adj.有害的 ‎3． adj.明显的，显而易见的→ adv.显然地，明显地 ‎4． n．时髦，时尚→ adj.时兴的；流行的→ adv.时髦地；流行地 ‎5． vt.拒绝，不接受→ n．被拒绝/抛弃的东西；次品；废品 ‎6． v．安排→ n．安排 ‎7． vt.提议，建议；暗示，表明→ n．建议，提议 ‎8． n．历史→ adj.历史意义的→ adj.历史的，有关历史的 ‎9． vt.使……坐落于；位于→ n．位置；场所 ‎10． vi.定居→ n．定居者→ n．(新)定居地 ‎11． adj.定期的；规则的→ adv.有规律地；正常地→ adj.(反)无规律的 ‎12． vt.吸引→ adj.吸引人的，有魅力的→ n．吸引，吸引力 ‎【答案】　1.real；realize；reality　2.harm；harmless；harmful　3.obvious；obviously　4.fashion；fashionable；fashionably　5.reject；rejection　6.arrange；arrangement　7.suggest；suggestion　8.history；historic；historical　9.locate；location　10.settle；settler；settlement　11.regular；regularly；irregular　12.attract；attractive；attraction Ⅱ.重点短语 ‎1．be known　　　　因……而闻名　　　　被认为是……　　　　为……所熟悉 ‎2.　　　if　好像　　　　if　即使 ‎3.　　　　touch with 与……取得联系　　　　touch with与……失去联系　　　　touch with与……保持联系 ‎4．come　　　　实现　　　　产生，发生　　　　偶然遇见　　　　走近；被提出　　　　出版；发芽 ‎5．hang　　　　（电话）别挂断　　　　挂断电话　　　　逗留，闲荡 ‎【答案】　1.for；as；to　2.as；even　3.get in；lose；keep in　4.true；about；across；up；out　5.on；up；about/around Ⅲ.重点句式 ‎1． (很显然)we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.‎ ‎2．The use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel ‎ ‎(仿佛置身于一个真实的空间)。‎ ‎3．But I still find (难以想象)．‎ ‎4．It is also the most exciting city in New Zealand (具有多元文化的人们生活在那儿)．‎ ‎5．New Zealand was the first country in the world (给予)the vote to women in 1893， (有)old age pensions and the eighthour working day.‎ ‎【答案】　1.It is clear that　2.as if you are in a real situation　3.it hard to imagine　4.with people of many different cultures living there　5.to give；to have Ⅳ.回顾话题 用本单元词汇或句式完成下列写作任务 我父亲喜欢抽烟，抽烟给他造成了很大的伤害。我们全家人及朋友都劝他放弃，但是他不听。很明显，几年后他身体变的虚弱。他终于接受了我的建议。我们的愿望终于实现了。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【参考范文】　‎ My father liked smoking.As a result，smoking harmed him greatly.His friends as well as my family tried to persuade him to quit it，but he wouldn't listen.Several years later it was clear that he became too weak.Finally he had to follow my suggestion and in the end our dream came true.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 根据提示写出下列单词 ‎1．scientific adj.　　　 科学的 ‎2．nuclear adj. 原子能的 ‎3．network n. 网络 ‎4．project n. 课题；方案；工程 ‎5．fashion n. 时髦，时尚 ‎6．fancy vt. (非正式)想要做；幻想 ‎7．suggest vt. 建议，提议 ‎8．reject vt. 拒绝，不接受 ‎9．arrangement n. 安排 ‎10．title n. 标题，题目 ‎11．destination n. 目的地 ‎12．flesh n. 肉，肉体 ‎13．exit vt. 出，离开 ‎14．historical adj. 历史的，有关历史的 ‎15．site n. (事物或事件发生)场所，位置 ‎16．pack vt. 收拾(行李)，打包 ‎17．dip vt. 浸 ‎18．toe n. 脚趾 ‎19．millionaire n. 百万富翁 ‎20．smoker n. 吸烟者 ‎ ‎ 根据提示补全下列短语 ‎1．get ________ touch(with)　 (和……)取得联系 ‎2．hang ________ (电话用语)别挂断 ‎3．be up ________ 做；从事于 ‎4．make ________ 提建议 ‎5．make an ________ 做安排 ‎6．depend ________ 取决于；依靠 ‎7．have problems ________ 在……方面有麻烦 ‎8．what's ________ 另外，而且 ‎9．________ the flesh 本人亲身 ‎10．do ________ 处理 ‎【答案】　1.in　2.on　3.to　4.suggestions　5.arrangement　6.on/upon　7.with　8.more 9．in　10.with ‎ ‎ 根据提示补全下列教材原句 ‎1. How_about the cinema on Friday? And do you fancy_going_to_the_dance on Saturday night?‎ 周五去看电影如何？周六晚上你想不想去跳舞？‎ ‎ 2.Do you have anything planned_for_Saturday_and_Sunday?‎ 你周六周日有什么安排吗？‎ ‎3. Just think，if we had virtual reality holidays，we wouldn't_have any problems with the weather.‎ 想一想，如果我们有虚拟现实假期，就不会为天气问题而苦恼了。‎ ‎4. But I still find_it_hard_to_imagine.‎ 但我还是觉得令人难以想象。‎ ‎5．We would not_only be able to travel around the world，but_also go to study in any world famous universities we wanted to.我们不但能够在全世界旅行，而且可以去任何一所我们想去的世界著名的大学学习。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 　阅读P12教材课文，选择最佳答案 ‎1．Which of the following is not the topic Tom and Cathy are talking about?‎ A．The weekend plans.‎ B．Virtual reality holidays.‎ C．Virtual university.‎ D．Travelling around the world together.‎ ‎2．What is Tom going to do if it's fine?‎ A．To stay home.‎ B．To go camping.‎ C．To go to the library.‎ D．To go to the Science Museum.‎ ‎3. What's Cathy's weekend plan? ‎ A．Doing her homework.‎ B．Surfing the Internet.‎ C．Meeting her science teacher.‎ D．Studying with Tom.‎ ‎4. What do Tom and Cathy think of virtual reality holidays?‎ A．Exciting.‎ B．Disappointing.‎ C．Difficult.‎ D．Uninteresting.‎ ‎【答案】　1－4　DBAA ‎ 　阅读P12课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 Tom and Cathy are talking about their plans for this weekend.Cathy will be busy this weekend 1.________ she must finish her project on 2.________ history of the Internet for next Monday's lesson.And Tom will probably go camping，but it 3.________(depend)on the weather.If it rains，he will stay at home and help Cathy 4.________ her project.Cathy is very 5.__________(thank) to his offer.And she hopes he can give her some 6.________(suggest)about book on the project，and then she will look for them in the library.Tom suggests she use the library computer to look for the information.He will send her the website address when he 7.________(get)home.Cathy imagines that they would not only be able to travel the world，but also go to study in any world famous universities 8.________ they wanted to go if they had virtual reality holidays.Although Tom doesn't understand 9.________(complete)，he thinks it could be really 10.________(excite)．‎ ‎【答案】　1.because　2.the　3.depends　4.with　5.thankful　6.suggestions　7.gets　8.where 9．completely　10.exciting ‎ ‎ ‎ fashion n．时髦，时尚 ‎(教材P10)Brighton Fashion Show布赖顿时尚秀 ‎①Do you know the lady dressed in the latest fashion?‎ 你认识那位穿着时髦的女士吗？‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(1)be in fashion 流行的 come into fashion 时兴起来；流行起来 be/go out of fashion 过时；不流行 follow (the) fashion 赶时髦 ‎(2)fashionable adj. 时兴的；流行的 ‎(3)fashionably adv. 时髦地；流行地 ‎ ‎ ‎②(牛津词典)Some styles never go out of fashion.‎ 有些款式永远不会过时。‎ ‎③(朗文辞典)Strong colors are very fashionable at the moment.‎ 眼下流行艳丽的色彩。‎ ‎ fancy vt.想要做；幻想；喜欢；喜爱 n．幻想；爱好 adj.花哨的；异样的 ‎(教材P11)And do you fancy going to the dance on Saturday night?‎ 星期六晚上你想不想去跳舞？‎ ‎①Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels.‎ 成都有几十个新的百万富翁，亚洲最大的建筑和华丽的新宾馆。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(1)fancy (doing) sth.　　　　　 想要(做)某事 fancy (one's) doing sth. 想要(某人)做某事 fancy sb. to be/as... 想象某人是……‎ ‎(2)have a fancy for(doing)sth. 热衷于(做)某事 take a fancy to 喜欢；爱上 ‎ ‎ ‎②I didn't fancy swimming(swim) in that water.‎ 我不想在那水里游泳。‎ ‎③He has a fancy for some wine with his dinner.‎ 他喜欢在吃饭时喝点酒。 【导学号：20862006】‎ ‎[名师点津]　‎ fancy用作动词时，有时用于祈使句，表示惊讶，不相信，意为“真想不到，竟然”。‎ Fancy seeing you here!‎ 真想不到在这儿见到你！‎ ‎ get in touch取得联系 ‎(教材P11)Get in touch.‎ 取得联系。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(1)get in touch with　　　 和……取得联系(表示动作)‎ keep/stay in touch with 和……保持联系(表示状态)‎ lose touch with 和……失去联系(表示动作)‎ ‎(2)be in touch with 和……有联系(表示状态)‎ be out of touch with 和……失去联系(表示状态)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎①To make it easier to get in touch with us，you'd better keep this card at hand.‎ 为了更容易与我们联系，你最好把这张卡片放在身边。‎ ‎②Our headteacher keeps in touch with our parents by phone.‎ 我们班主任用电话和我们的父母保持联系。‎ ‎③Soon afterwards，they did lose touch with each other.‎ 不久后，他们彼此的确失去了联系。‎ ‎[名师点津]　‎ get in touch与lose touch表示短暂动作，不与一段时间连用。be in touch与be out of touch表示状态，可以与一段时间连用。‎ ‎ hang on(电话用语)别挂断；等一下；停一下；抓紧(与to连用)；有赖于；取决于；(在逆境中)坚持；不放弃 ‎(教材P11)Just hang on a second.别挂电话，稍等一会儿。‎ ‎ 　写出下列句子中hang on的意思 ‎①Don't be nervous.What you should do is hanging on to the rope when falling down.________‎ ‎②We are going hiking tomorrow，but it hangs on the weather.________‎ ‎③The team hung on for victory.________‎ ‎④The line is busy；would you like to hang on？________‎ ‎【答案】　①抓紧　②取决于　③坚持；不放弃　④别挂断；等一下 ‎ ‎ hang around/about 逗留；闲逛 hang up 挂断电话 hang back 犹豫，畏缩；继续留在原处 hang out 把(洗好的衣服) 晾在外面；闲逛 ‎ ‎ ‎⑤How long are you going to hang around here?‎ 你打算在这里逗留多久？‎ ‎⑥The line is busy.Please hang up and try again.‎ 目前线路正忙，请挂断重拨。‎ ‎ reject vt.拒绝，不接受 ‎(教材P11)Reject suggestions 拒绝建议 ‎①(牛津词典)The prime minister rejected any idea of reforming the system.‎ 首相对任何改革体制的想法都不予考虑。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(1)reject an argument/a claim/a decision/an offer/a suggestion　　　‎ 拒绝接受一个论点/一项要求/一个决定/一项提议/一个建议 ‎(2)rejection n. 被拒绝/抛弃的东西；次品；废品 ‎ ‎ ‎②She rejected my offer of help.‎ 她拒绝了我主动提出的帮助。‎ ‎③(朗文辞典)What are the reasons for his rejection(reject) of the theory?‎ 他不接受这个理论的原因是什么？‎ ‎[明辨异同]　reject/refuse reject 表示因为令人不满意、有缺陷或无用而抛弃；它暗示无条件地拒绝。‎ refuse 也表示“拒绝”，不仅可以用来拒绝别人的请求，还可以用于拒绝别人的邀请或帮助，既是及物动词也是不及物动词。可以与不定式连用，reject则不能。‎ ‎ 　reject，refuse ‎④She asked him to leave，but he ________.‎ ‎⑤She ________a second piece of cake.‎ ‎⑥Sarah ____________ her brother's offer of help.‎ ‎⑦It's obvious why his application was ________.‎ ‎【答案】　④refused　⑤refused　⑥rejected　⑦rejected ‎ arrangement n．安排 ‎(教材P11)Make an arrangement 做安排 ‎ ‎ ‎(1)make an arrangement/arrangements for ‎　　　　　　　　　　　为……做好安排 come to an arrangement 谈妥；达成协议 ‎(2)arrange v. 安排 arrange sth.for sb. 为某人安排某事 arrange for sb.to do sth. 安排某人做某事 arrange ( with sb.) to do sth. (与某人)约定做某事 ‎ ‎ ‎①We have already made arrangements for our vacation.‎ 我们已经做了假期安排。‎ ‎②I have arranged with him to meet at the restaurant.‎ 我和他约好在饭馆见面。‎ ‎③The manager arranged for the secretary to_go(go)to receive the guests.‎ 经理安排秘书去接待客人了。‎ ‎[名师点津]　‎ 在arrange for sb.to do sth.短语中，不可漏掉for。‎ ‎ be up to 做，从事于；由……决定 ‎(教材P11)What are you up to this weekend，John?‎ 这个周末你打算做什么，约翰？‎ ‎①(牛津词典)Shall we eat out or stay in？It's up to you.咱们是到外面吃饭还是待在家里？由你决定吧。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(1)up to 多达；胜任；有资格做；一直到 be up to sth./doing 能胜任某事/做某事 ‎(2)What's ...up to? ……在忙什么？(一般指做不好的事)‎ ‎(3)up to now 直到现在 up to date 跟得上形势的；时髦的；最新的 ‎ ‎ ‎②Send us a tale about the strange behaviour of unique pets or wildlife in up_to 300 words.请用300多词给我们讲一个关于独特的宠物或野生动物的奇怪行为的故事。‎ ‎③You get into the house and find out what they are up_to.‎ 你进屋看看他们究竟在搞什么鬼。‎ ‎④(朗文辞典)We've kept our meetings secret up_to now.‎ 直到现在我们的会议都是保密的。‎ ‎[名师点津]　‎ be up to用法小提醒 ‎(1)be up to中to是介词，切不可将其当作不定式符号；‎ ‎(2)It's up to you.是常见的交际用语，要在实际运用中加深对它的记忆。‎ ‎ depend on/upon取决于……；依靠；信赖 ‎(教材P12)It depends on the weather.‎ 这要视天气而定。‎ ‎①(牛津词典)He was the sort of person you could depend on.‎ 他是你可以信赖的人。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(1)depend on sb.to do sth.　　依靠某人做某事 depend on sb.for sth. 靠某人供给某物 depend on/upon it that... 指望；对……深信不疑 ‎(2)That depends.＝It (all) depends.‎ ‎ 视情况而定 ‎(3)dependent adj. 依赖的，依靠的 ‎(4)dependence n. 依赖，依靠 ‎ ‎ ‎②You may depend on it that he will join our club.‎ 你可以指望他加入我们的俱乐部。‎ ‎③As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information，are people remembering less?‎ 随着互联网用户越来越多地依赖互联网来存储信息，人们是否会记更少的事情了？‎ ‎ suggest vt.提议，建议；暗示，表明 ‎(教材P12)Tom，can you suggest any good books for my project?‎ 汤姆，你能为我的课题作业推荐一些好的书籍吗？‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(1)suggest doing sth.　　　建议/提议做某事 suggest＋that从句 建议/暗示某事 suggest sth.to sb. 向某人建议某事 ‎(2)suggestion n. 建议，提议 make/give/offer a suggestion ‎ 提供一条建议 accept/turn down one's suggestion ‎ 采纳/拒绝某人的建议 ‎ ‎ ‎①They suggested waiting until the proper time.‎ 他们建议等到恰当的时机(再行动)。‎ ‎②The dentist suggested that she (should)come another day.‎ 那位牙医建议她改天再来。‎ ‎[名师点津]　‎ ‎(1)suggest作“建议”讲时，后跟宾语从句要用虚拟语气；但作“暗示，表明”讲时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。‎ ‎(2)suggestion的同位语从句和表语从句通常用虚拟语气，即：(should＋)动词原形。‎ ‎[语境助记]　‎ Her pale face suggested that she was ill，and her friends suggested that she(should)have a medical examination.‎ 她苍白的脸色表明她生病了，她的朋友建议她做个体检。‎ ‎ do with处理 ‎(教材P13)What would Tom like to do with virtual reality? ‎ 汤姆想怎样应对虚拟现实？‎ ‎①How we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.‎ 我们如何理解事情与我们的感受有很大关系。‎ ‎ ‎ cope with　　　　　　　 对待；处理 deal with 处理；对待；论及 have/be to do with 与……有关 have nothing to do with 与……无关 ‎ ‎ ‎②(朗文辞典)How's he dealing_with the whole thing?‎ 这件事他应付得怎么样？‎ ‎③(牛津词典)I'd have_nothing_to_do_with him，if I were you.‎ 如果我是你，我就不会跟他有任何瓜葛。‎ ‎[明辨异同]　do with/deal with do with 处理，对待。常与what连用表示“怎样处理对待”，不能用于how引导的疑问句中。‎ deal with 处理，解决；涉及，其中deal是不及物动词，接宾语时需用with，表示“怎样解决(问题等)”时用疑问词how。‎ ‎ 　do with，deal with ‎④I want to know what to __________ the problem.‎ ‎⑤I was considering how to ____________ that case.‎ ‎⑥What have you __________ the secondhand car?‎ ‎【答案】　④do with　⑤deal with　⑥done with ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.语境填词 ‎1．Their wedding is arranged next month，and they have already made good arrangements for it.(arrange)‎ ‎2．When you are young you can depend on your parents，for they are the most dependent persons，but when you grow up，you should end your dependence on them.(depend)‎ ‎3．As we all know，young people are very concerned about fashion，and especially young ladies often buy many fashionable clothes.(fashion)‎ ‎4．His application was rejected and they sent him a rejection letter.(reject)‎ ‎5．Someone suggested that houses should be built on this site，but the committee rejected the suggestion.(suggest) 【导学号：20862007】‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 get in touch；hang on；be up to；in the flesh；pack up；depend on；do with ‎1．He's not ____________ the work and has been fired.‎ ‎2．Whether Ron will come on time____________ the weather.‎ ‎3．—Could I speak to Mr.Black please?‎ ‎—____________.He's in the kitchen.‎ ‎4．I don't know what to ____________ all the food that's left over.‎ ‎5．I haven't met Richard for years.It's hard to ______________ with him.‎ ‎【答案】　1.up to　2.depends on　3.Hang on 4．do with　5.get in touch ‎ ‎ ‎ (教材P11)How_about the cinema on Friday？周五去看电影如何？‎ ‎【要点提炼】　句中how about表示征求对方意见，后面还可以接v.ing形式。上句可改为：How about going to the cinema on Friday?‎ ‎①It's a fine day.How about going out for a walk?‎ 天气不错。出去散步怎么样？‎ ‎ ‎ 表示征询对方意见、看法的句型还有：‎ ‎(1)What about(doing)sth.？做某事如何？‎ ‎(2)What do you think of sb./sth.?‎ 用于询问对某人(事)的看法或想法，其中的介词of也可用about替换。‎ ‎(3)How do you like sb./sth.?‎ 主要用来询问对某人(事)的感觉怎么样。‎ ‎(4)How do/did you find sb./sth.?‎ 用于询问对某人某事的感觉。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎②(牛津词典)What did you think about the idea?‎ 你原来认为这个想法怎么样？‎ ‎③(朗文辞典)How do you like living in London?‎ 住在伦敦你感觉怎样？‎ ‎ (教材P12)Do you have anything planned for Saturday and Sunday?‎ 你周六周日有什么安排吗？‎ ‎【要点提炼】　planned是过去分词作后置定语，修饰anything，相当于一个形容词。动词plan与anything之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语且放在不定代词anything的后面。‎ ‎ ‎ 过去分词的用法很多，常用来修饰名词或代词作定语。过去分词作定语分为前置和后置两种情况：‎ ‎(1)前置定语：单个的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之前，表示被动和完成的意思。此时过去分词具有形容词的特点，侧重永久性的状态或特点。‎ ‎(2)后置定语：过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎①The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.‎ 受伤的工人现正在医院受到良好的照顾。‎ ‎②They are cleaning the fallen(fall) leaves in the yard.‎ 他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。‎ ‎③This will be the best novel of its kind ever written(＝that has ever been written)．‎ 这将是这类小说中写得最好的。‎ ‎ (教材P12)But I still find_it_hard_to_imagine.‎ 但我还是觉得令人难以想象。‎ ‎【要点提炼】　本句采用了“find＋it(形式宾语)＋宾补＋不定式”结构。在动词find，consider，feel，think，make 等之后，如果宾语是不定式，而且在宾语之后带有名词或形容词作宾补，通常用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语放在句末。‎ ‎①I found it difficult to answer such a question in such a short time.‎ 我发现让我在如此短的时间里回答这样的问题很难。‎ ‎ ‎ it作形式宾语主要用于两类动词之后：‎ ‎(1)think/believe/suppose/feel/find/consider/make/keep/‎ take＋it＋名词/形容词/分词/不定式/介词短语。‎ ‎(2)enjoy/hate/love/like/dislike/appreciate/prefer＋it＋if/when从句。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎②He felt it a duty to tell the truth to his boss.‎ 他感到有责任将实情告诉他的老板。‎ ‎③I would_appreciate_it if you could do me a favor.‎ 要是你能帮我个忙，我将非常感激。‎ ‎ ‎ 句型转换 ‎1．What about my new computer?‎ ‎→How about my new computer?‎ ‎→How do you find/like my new computer?‎ ‎→What do you think of my new computer?‎ ‎2．They find it is difficult to learn English well.‎ ‎→They find it difficult to learn English well.‎ ‎3．Children who are introduced to reading early develop strong spoken skills.‎ ‎→Children introduced to reading early develop strong spoken skills.‎ ‎ ‎ if引导的条件状语从句 ‎ ‎ 阅读下列句子并体会黑体部分的用法 ‎1．If I don't finish my project on the history of the Internet for next Monday's lesson，the science teacher will be angry.‎ ‎2．If it's good，Dad，Mum and I will probably go camping.‎ ‎3．But we won't go if it rains.‎ ‎4．Just think，if we had virtual reality holidays，we wouldn't have any problems with the weather.‎ ‎5．Well，if they invented virtual reality holidays，I'd go on an aroundtheworld tour.‎ ‎ ‎ 一、真实条件句 ‎1．真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if是“如果”的意思。‎ 条件状语 主句 意义 一般现在时 shall/will＋动词原形 未来可能发生的情况。‎ 一般现在时 祈使句 用于向某人提供建议、命令。‎ 一般现在时 一般现在时 表示根据条件，经常或总是会发生的事，或是真理。‎ If it rains tomorrow，we won't have the sports meeting.‎ 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不举行运动会了。‎ If you know the answer，put up your hands please.‎ 如果你们知道答案，请举手。‎ If lions are hungry，they hunt other animals.‎ 如果狮子饿了，它们就猎食其他动物。‎ ‎2．在真实条件句中，有时也可用“unless＋一般现在时”谈论现在和未来要发生的事。此时unless相当于if...not...‎ ‎，但并不是任何时候它们都能互换，特别是当从句的动作或事情不发生，主句的情况才能发生时，只能用if...not...。‎ You will not succeed unless you work hard/if you don't work hard.除非你用功，否则你就不会成功。‎ I will be surprised if he doesn't have an accident.‎ 他要是不出事，我倒会感到奇怪。(不可用unless)‎ 二、非真实条件句 非真实条件句用虚拟语气，if引导的非真实条件句，可以表示过去、现在和将来的情况。‎ 时间 从句 主句 与现在事实相反 If＋主语＋did/were(动词过去式) 主语＋would/could/might/should＋动词原形(do/be)‎ 与过去事实相反 If＋主语＋had done/been(动词过去完成时) 主语＋would/could/might/should＋have ‎ done/been 与将来事实相反 ①If＋主语＋did(动词过去式) ‎ ‎②If＋主语＋were to do ‎③If＋主语＋should＋do/be(动词原形) 主语＋would/could/might/should＋动词原形(do/be)‎ If I knew his telephone number，I would tell you.‎ 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。‎ If he had taken my advice，he might not have made such a bad mistake.‎ 要是他听进了我的劝告就不会犯这么严重的错误了。‎ If I had time tomorrow，I would certainly help you.‎ 如果我明天有时间的话，我肯定会帮助你的。‎ 三、非真实条件句的几种特殊情况 ‎1．省略if的非真实条件句 非真实条件句中，如果有were，had，should时，if可省略，但要把were，had或should提到句首，变为倒装句式。‎ If I were at school again，I would study harder.‎ ‎→Were I at school again，I would study harder.‎ 如果我重新回到学校，我会努力学习的。‎ If you had informed me earlier，I wouldn't have signed the contract.‎ ‎→Had you informed me earlier，I wouldn't have signed the contract.‎ 要是你早点告诉我的话，我是不会签那份合同的。‎ If it should be fine tomorrow，we would have the sports meetings.‎ ‎→Should it be fine tomorrow，we would have the sports meeting.‎ 如果明天天好的话，我们就开运动会。‎ ‎2．错综时间条件句 在这种虚拟语气中，主句和从句的动作发生的时间不一致。因此，主句从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式。‎ If I were you，I wouldn't have missed the film last night.(从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反)‎ 如果我是你，就不会错过昨晚那场电影。‎ If they had started in the early morning，they would arrive in half an hour.(从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反)‎ 要是他们一大早就出发的话，再过半小时就该到了。‎ ‎3．含蓄条件句 有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中，不出现if条件句，而是以介词短语、并列句、副词、非谓语动词的形式出现，这种句子我们称其为“含蓄条件句”。常见的介词(短语)有without...“没有……”，but for...“要不是……”；常用连词有but“但是”；常用副词有otherwise“否则的话”等。‎ The ship would have sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the captain.‎ 要不是因为船长的努力，我们就会连船带人都沉没了。‎ He would have given you more help，but he was so busy at that time.‎ 他本可以给你更多的帮助，但那时他太忙了。‎ I was too busy at that time.Otherwise，I would have called you.‎ 我当时太忙了，否则我就给你打电话了。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Your new product ________(sell)better if it is advertised on TV.‎ ‎2．My mother ________(not allow)me to play outside if I ________(not finish)my homework first.‎ ‎3．If you ________(come)to my house yesterday，you ________(see)my cousin John.‎ ‎4．I don't know the word.If I ________(know)the meaning of it，I wouldn't have to look it up.‎ ‎5．Without electricity human life ________(be)quite different today.‎ ‎【答案】　1.will sell　2.won't allow；don't finish　3.had come；would have seen　4.knew　5.would/could/should/might be Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．He wouldn't feel so cold if he was indoors.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．If we started earlier, we couldn't have missed the first bus.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．If Bill told me yesterday，I should know what to do now.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．We lost our way on the mountain, otherwise we have visited more places of interest yesterday.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．If I have been there, I would have helped you. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】　1.was→were　2.started前加had　3.told→had told　4.have前加would　5.第一个have改为had