2021届新高考英语一轮复习译林版：选修8Unit2Theuniversallanguage学案

2021届新高考英语一轮复习译林版：选修8Unit2Theuniversallanguage学案

三言 两语 ‎1.It is the first time that I have been a volunteer，so I am now receiving all the training involved.‎ ‎2．It is believed that the English short film will be not only meaningful but also interesting.‎ ‎3．Please arrive there on time，for whoever is late won't be allowed to enter.It's bad manners to litter around.And always keep quiet while waiting for your turn.‎ ‎1.这位音乐家以把中国的音乐传统和西方的演奏形式和乐器相结合而著称。‎ The musician is_famous_for mixing Chinese musical traditions with western forms and instruments.‎ ‎2．Nowadays，concerts held in sports stadiums are common，and it_seems_that every few years there is a new boy band trying to bring back the magic of the Beatles.‎ 如今，在体育馆中举办音乐会已经很平常，而且似乎每过几年就会有一个新的男孩乐队出现，试图重现“披头士”乐队的魅力。‎ ‎ [单词　拼写应用]‎ 核心单词 ‎1．cast vt.‎&vi.选派角色；投射(光、影)；向……投以(视线、笑容)‎ ‎2．condemn vt.判刑，宣判；指责，谴责 ‎3．dare vt.‎&vi.&aux.敢于，胆敢 ‎4．seize vt.逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住；夺取，攻占 ‎5．decline n．衰落，衰败；减少； 下降 vi.&vt.衰落；下降；婉言谢绝 ‎6．seek vt.‎&vi.试图，设法；寻找，寻求 ‎7．demand vt.需要；强烈要求 n．要求；需求 ‎8．scold vt.训斥，责骂 ‎9．trend n．趋势，动向 ‎10．scream vi.尖叫，高声喊；呼啸 n．尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音 ‎[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．She demanded(demand) to know why she had not been told from the start.‎ ‎2．The article condemned(condemn) those officials who said one thing and did another.‎ ‎3．They are still seeking(seek) to find a peaceful solution to the conflict.‎ ‎4．Since he was stuck in a lift a year ago he hasn't dared(dare) to get back into one.‎ ‎5．They ignored the baby's screams(scream). ‎ ‎6．Recent research has cast(cast) new light on the causes of the disease.‎ ‎7．Tyrion seized(seize) her by the wrist and pulled her out of the pit.‎ 拓展单词 ‎1．universe n．宇宙→universal adj.共同的，普遍的，全体的，全世界的 ‎2．disturb vt.打扰；使中断；使焦虑→disturbing adj.令人不安的；引起恐慌的→disturbed adj.心理不正常的；精神失常的 ‎3．willing adj.自愿的→unwilling adj.不情愿，不愿意；勉强的，无奈的→willingness n．乐意 ‎4．evident adj.清楚的，显然的→evidence n．证据；证词 ‎5．mercy n．宽容，仁慈，怜悯→merciful adj.仁慈的，慈悲的，宽大为怀的 ‎6．employ v．雇佣→unemployment n．失业→unemployed adj.失业的→employment n．雇佣，工作，职业→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员 ‎7．tend v．倾向；趋向→tendency n．倾向，偏好；趋势，趋向 ‎8．gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的；平缓的，不陡的→gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地 ‎[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Thanks to the good care of the nurses，the boy is gradually recovering from his lung operation.Certainly the recovery is a slow，gradual process. (gradual)‎ ‎2．They were searching for evidence of his crime，and found it was evident that he had murdered the president. (evident)‎ ‎3．The disturbing news made people present at the meeting disturbed.(disturb)‎ ‎4．An increase in crime is one of the results of unemployment，so the government and the employers should pay more attention to the employment.(employ)‎ ‎5．Though he was willing to face the fact that he had failed the exam，he was unwilling to learn from others. (willing)‎ ‎6．There is a growing tendency for people to return to the hometown to start their business. Especially the middleaged tend to do that. (tend)‎ ‎7．There are a huge number of unknown planets in the universe，so these puzzles are very universal.But we believe we can make them clear one day. (universe)‎ 阅读单词 ‎1．stubborn adj.固执的，顽固的 ‎2．dawn n．黎明，拂晓；开端，萌芽 ‎3．opportunity n．机遇，时机 ‎4．prejudice n．偏见，成见 vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见 ‎5．discrimination n．歧视，区别对待；辨别力，鉴赏力 ‎6．liberty n．自由 ‎7．awesome adj.极好的；令人惊叹的，令人敬畏的 ‎8．personnel n．人事部门；职员，全体人员 ‎9．department n．部，司，局，处，系 ‎10．composer n．作曲者，_作曲家 ‎11．format n．形式；格式；版式 ‎12．bachelor n．单身汉；未婚男子；学士 ‎1．(2019·浙江卷)He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.‎ 补充说 ‎2．(2019·浙江卷) No area was spared or unaffected，from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles.使免受；使免遭 ‎[短语　多维应用]‎ 高 频 短 语 ‎1.be_condemned_to_sth. 被处以某种刑罚 ‎2．find_out 发现，查明，弄清 ‎3．fall_in_love 相爱，坠入爱河 ‎4．at_first_sight 初次见面；乍一看 ‎5．break_up 破裂，解散；破碎 ‎[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空 Tom and Mary ①fell_in_love with each other ②at_first_sight and in a short time they got married. But after they married, they found they differed entirely in character and quarrelled a lot.Eventually，they ③broke_up with each other.‎ ‎6.spring_up 突然兴起，迅速出现 ‎7．depend_on 依赖，依靠 ‎8．put_up 举起；张贴；提供食宿 ‎9．apply_for 申请 ‎10．split_up 分裂，分解 ‎[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空 I ④applied_for the post in the advertisement ⑤put_up in the newspaper yesterday.Whether I can be admitted ⑥depends_on the interview to be held next Friday. So before that，I must get well prepared.‎ ‎11.participate_in 参加；参与 ‎12．have_a_tendency_for... 有一种……倾向 ‎13．take_on 呈现；雇用；承担 ‎14．break_one's_promise 违背诺言 ‎15．go_crazy 变得疯狂，发疯 ‎[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空 Tom said that he would ⑦participate_in the football match. But he ⑧broke_his_promise and didn't appear at all on that day. The result was that we suffered a disastrous defeat，which made us ⑨go_crazy.However，later we knew that he had had an accident. We were sorry that we misunderstood him.‎ ‎[句式　结构仿写]‎ 教材原句背诵 句式仿写应用 ‎1.“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义 Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City—there could not be a more awesome setting！‎ 周围的稻田像一片金色的海洋，我从来没看见过比这更漂亮的景象！‎ The rice fields around me looked like a golden sea.I have_never_seen_more_beautiful_scenery_than_it！‎ ‎2.before引导的时间状语从句 Unfortunately，Puccini died of a heart attack before he completed this final scene，and it had to be completed by one of his former students，Franco Alfano.‎ 要过一个小时左右我们才能到达山顶。‎ It will be an hour or so before_we_get_to the top of the mountain.‎ ‎1．cast(cast，cast) vt.&vi.选派角色；投射(光、影)；向……投以(视线、笑容) n．全体演员 be cast down(by sth.)(因某事)沮丧/失望 cast light on/upon弄清楚，使人明白 cast a glance/look at/toward...朝……瞧了瞧 cast sb.as...选派某人演……角色 be cast down by the news对这个消息很失望 begin to cast doubt on his honesty开始怀疑他的诚实 be cast as a troublemaker被认定为惹是生非者 be cast as a beggar被选派演一个乞丐 cast an impatient look at Mitch很不耐烦地看了米奇一眼 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①The circumstances were all against Joe，but he was not cast down.‎ ‎②The director cast a wellknown actress as Marie Curie in the movie.‎ ‎③A research has now cast light on/upon the mystery of why the animals die.‎ ‎[能力提升]——词汇升级 ‎(普通表达)The information offered by the old man may help make the mystery clear.‎ ‎①(高级表达)The information offered by the old man may help clarify the mystery.(clarify)‎ ‎②(高级表达)The information offered by the old man may help cast_light_ on/upon the mystery.(cast)‎ ‎2．condemn vt.判刑，宣判；指责，谴责 be condemned to sth.被处以某种刑罚；使某人被迫接受困境 condemn sb.to death判处某人死刑 condemn sb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事而谴责某人 condemn...as...指责……为……‎ be condemned to do sth.注定做某事 be condemned to life inprisonment被判处终身监禁 be condemned to death被判死刑 be condemned to hang for killing her husband因杀害亲夫被处以绞刑 be condemned as unfit to eat被指控不宜食用 be condemned to spend the rest of the football season on the beach只得在这个足球赛季剩下的时间里做替补队员 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错 ‎①He was widely condemned for his cruel action towards his elderly parents.‎ ‎②Most of people are willing to condemn violence of any sort as evil.‎ ‎③Phelps，the American swimmer was condemned to a six month suspension from swimming as a result of his DUI.‎ ‎④Do you condemn yourself for things which you did or failed to do in the past?‎ ‎[能力提升]——词汇升级 ‎(普通表达)Any attempt to set back the wheel of history is sure to fail.‎ ‎(高级表达)Any attempt to set back the wheel of history is_condemned to fail.‎ ‎3．dare vt.‎&vi.&aux.敢于，胆敢 ‎(1)dare用作实义动词时，有人称、数和时态的变化。‎ 常见搭配：dare to do sth.“敢于做某事”。在否定句和疑问句中to可以省略。‎ ‎(2)dare用作情态动词时，通常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中，没有人称和数的变化，后面跟动词原形，其否定式为dare not。‎ ‎(3)I dare say为习惯说法，意为“我想，很可能，大概”。‎ dare to protest敢于抗议 dare not use neclear weapons不敢使用核武器 How dare you go into my room！你怎么敢进我的房间！‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①They dare not play(play) a joke on him in case he becomes angry.‎ ‎②You're the only one who dares to_admit(admit) mistakes.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 在这么多人面前他不敢说英语。‎ ‎①He__dare_not_speak_English__before_such_a_crowd.(dare not)‎ ‎②He__doesn't_dare_(to)_speak_English__before_such_a_crowd.(doesn't dare)‎ ‎4．seize vt.逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住；夺取，攻占 seize sth.from...从……抓取/夺取某物 seize a chance/an opportunity 抓住机会/机遇 seize sb.by the＋部位 抓住某人某个部位 seize his gun from the drawer从抽屉里抓起枪 seize him by the collar抓住了他的衣领 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①Before the thief could run away，the brave girl seized him by the collar.‎ ‎②Hearing the noise，he seized his gun from the drawer.‎ ‎③The host seized me by the hand and shook it heartily.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 我们必须抓住每个机会来提高英语水平。‎ We must seize_every_opportunity to improve our English.‎ ‎[名师点津]　seize指突然一把“抓住”某人或某物时，可直接用被抓的部位作宾语，也可用“seize＋sb.＋by＋the＋部位”结构，但表示部位的名词前不可用物主代词。‎ ‎5．demand vt.强烈要求；需要 n．要求；需求 ‎(1)demand to do sth.要求做某事 ‎(sb.)demand that sb.(should) do sth.(某人)要求某人做某事(that从句使用虚拟语气)‎ ‎(2)in demand 需求大；受欢迎的 on demand 一经要求 satisfy/meet the/one's demands 满足(某人的)要求 ‎(3)demanding adj.苛刻的，难伺候的 demand to know what was happening要求知道发生了什么事 demand a lot of others向别人要求很多 be in demand all over the world在世界各地需求量很大 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①He has promised to repay the loan at any time on demand.‎ ‎②The hijackers are demanding to_speak(speak) to representatives of both governments.‎ ‎③The boss demanded that everyone (should)_attend(attend) the meeting to be held tomorrow.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 我们的班主任老师要求我们准时到校。‎ Our head teacher demands_that_we_(should)_go_to_school_ on_time.(demand that...)‎ ‎[名师点津]　demand不能用于demand sb.to do sth.结构；“向某人要某物”不能用demand sb.sth.，要用demand sth.of/from sb.。‎ ‎6．decline n．衰落，衰败；减少；下降 vi.&vt.衰落；下降；婉言谢绝 ‎(1)fall/go into(a) decline 陷入衰退 in decline/on the decline 在衰退中，走下坡路 a decline in 在……方面下降 ‎(2)decline to do sth.拒绝做某事 decline to comment on the rumours拒绝对那些谣言发表评论 decline the invitation谢绝邀请 The disease is on the decline这种病正在减少 The industry has fallen into a decline这个行业已经不景气了 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①The star declined to_discuss(discuss) his plans with the newspaper reporter.‎ ‎②The intense competition from overseas has caused the cotton industry fall into a decline.‎ ‎③The number of staff has_declined (decline) from 217,000 to 114,000.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 日本人口正在减少中。‎ ‎①The population of Japanese is on_the_decline.(on)‎ ‎②The population of Japanese is in_decline.(in)‎ ‎③There is a_decline_in population in Japanese.‎ ‎[名师点津]　①decline后可接不定式作宾语，一般不接动名词。‎ ‎②decline表示“谢绝”时，已含有“拒绝接受”之意，所以其后一般不接to accept，以免语义重复。‎ ‎7．seek(sought，sought) vt.&vi.试图，设法；寻找，寻求 seek(for)sth./sb.from...从……寻找某物/某人 seek after追求；追寻 seek to do sth.试图做某事 seek one's fortune找出路；碰运气 seek out搜寻出；找出 seek for somewhere to shelter找一个藏身的地方 seek help from a neighbour向一位邻居求助 seek to protect the rights of citizens设法保护公民的权力 go to America to seek his fortune去美国寻找发财的机会 seek after your dreams追求你们的梦想 seek out the truth找出真相 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①Fortunately，the tourists sought out a shelter to escape from the unexpected shower.‎ ‎②The fact is that nowadays many young people are seeking their(they) fortune in big cities.‎ ‎③We seek to_find(find) a way to make us get along well with the people around us.‎ ‎ [能力提升]——词汇升级 ‎(普通表达)Having looked for a solution to the problem for several days，they finally found one.‎ ‎(高级表达) Having sought for a solution to the problem for several days，they finally found one.‎ ‎8．fall in love (with sb.)爱上(某人)，相爱，坠入爱河 fall apart破碎，破裂；崩溃 fall behind落后 fall over被……绊倒；从……上跌落 fall for上……的当，受……的骗 fall in love with each other at college在大学里就彼此相爱了 fall in love at first sight一见钟情 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错 ‎①Why do they fall in love at the first sight?‎ ‎②They have fallen in love with each other for many years.fallen→been ‎③I choose to live in the city because I have deep feelings for it and I am in love it.love后加with ‎ [能力提升]——完成句子 ‎①一次意外的发现，让我深深地爱上了这个地方。‎ An unexpected discovery makes me deeply fall_in_love_with this place.‎ ‎②我真倒霉，踩在香蕉皮上滑倒了。‎ I was unlucky to slip on a banana skin and fall_over.‎ ‎[名师点津]　fall in love with“突然爱上”，表示动作，是短暂性动词短语，不与表示一段时间的状语连用；‎ be in love with “爱/喜欢”，表示状态，是延续性动词短语，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。‎ Annie was so attractive that Jimmy fell in love with her the first time he saw her.Now they have been in love with each other for three years.‎ ‎9．break up破裂；破碎，打碎；解散，驱散；拆开，分开；分手；结束；放假 break down 出故障；失败；垮掉；垮下来；分解 break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等)‎ break into 强行闯入；突然……起来 break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；发生(无被动语态)‎ break away from 脱离；挣脱 break up with her boyfriend和男朋友分手 break up the crowd驱散人群 break up for holidays放假 break up the old machine拆开这个旧机器 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①Can't you break away from all your old habits?‎ ‎②Don't break in when he is telling the story.‎ ‎③We're sorry to arrive late，but the car broke down.‎ ‎ [能力提升]——完成句子 ‎①学校快要放暑假了，我写信告诉你我的假期计划。‎ I am writing to tell you my holiday plans for the school is going to break_up_for_ summer_holiday.‎ ‎②这幢楼里的电梯总出故障。‎ The elevators in this building are_always_breaking_down.‎ ‎③我中断了交流去接电话。‎ I broke_in__the_conversation and answered the phone.‎ ‎10．(教材P18)Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City—there could_not_be_a_more awesome setting！想象一下在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧——不可能有比这更棒的场景了！‎ ‎(1)“否定词＋比较级”结构表示最高级意义，通常译为“没有比……更……的，没有像……一样……的”。常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等。‎ ‎(2)表示最高级意义的常用比较级结构还有：‎ 比较级＋than＋ ‎(3)完成时＋never＋ ‎(4)can/could＋never/not＋enough/too...再……也不过分；越……越……‎ ‎[金句推送]They said they couldn't have enjoyed themselves more.‎ 他们说他们不可能玩得比这更高兴了。‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was happier than I was.‎ ‎②Mr.Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a better(good) boss.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 这本书对我影响最大。‎ ‎①The book has a greater effect on me than any_other_book.(any other)‎ ‎②The book has a greater effect on me than all_the_other_books.(all the other)‎ ‎③The book has a greater effect on me than any_of_the_other_ books.(any of the other)‎ ‎④The book has a greater effect on me than the_rest_of_books.(the rest of)‎ 多维训练——夯实基础 维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空 ‎1．The play is being cast (cast) in both China and Britain.‎ ‎2．Those who do not learn from the past are condemned to_repeat (repeat) it.‎ ‎3．The police demanded that he (should)_give(give) them the names.‎ ‎4．She declined to_have(have) lunch with her friend，saying that she wasn't feeling well.‎ ‎5．We seek to_help(help) every student discover the joy and fulfillment in the obtainment of knowledge.‎ ‎6．UN officials say two military observers were_seized (seize) by the Khmer Rouge yesterday.‎ ‎7．So far the couple have_sought (seek) help from marriage guidance counsellors.‎ ‎8．My teacher is very strict，and no one dares to_step (step)into his office without permission.‎ 维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词 ‎1．When she found he had lied，she decided to break up with him.‎ ‎2．He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie.‎ ‎3．I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it，when I was 13.‎ ‎4．It won't be long before you become used to living here.‎ ‎5．They were condemned to a life of hardship because of laziness or disinterest in work and savings.‎ ‎6．There is a sharp decline in interest in sports in our town.‎ ‎7．It is research findings that cast new light on the origin of our universe.‎ ‎8．It is widely believed that educational standards are in decline.‎ 维度3——查缺补漏 单句语法填空 ‎1．Nothing in the world is more_valuable (valuable) than books.‎ ‎2．Thanks to his teacher，the boy is gradually (gradual)making progress in his studies.‎ ‎3．Though he failed the exam，he was unwilling (willing) to learn from others.‎ ‎4．There is a growing tendency (tend) for people to return to the hometown to start their business.‎ ‎5．Sometimes I can't help thinking of the old days when we were always getting scolded (scold) by the local farmer.‎ 单句改错 ‎6．After I could say “thank you”，the postman had disappeared around the corner.After→Before ‎7．I actively participate into practical activities，and I can learn lots of knowledge.‎ into→in ‎8．Though he changed a great deal，I could recognize him at the first sight.‎ 去掉the ‎9．The employees demand that their salaries will be raised.去掉will ‎10．On first sight the house appeared to be empty，but actually it wasn't.On→At 维度4——话题写作 ‎1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)‎ ‎①现在的趋势是越来越多的年轻人不愿意听古典音乐了。‎ There is a trend that more and more young people are unwilling to listen to classical music.‎ ‎②因此，欣赏古典音乐的人数在急剧下降，现在的青少年偏爱于R&B。‎ So the number of the young people who enjoy classical music is on_the_ decline. The teenagers have_a_tendency_for R&B.‎ ‎③然而，许多家长强烈要求学校应帮助学生建立良好的音乐鉴赏能力。‎ However，a great many parents demand schools' establishment of good appreciation of music.‎ ‎④很明显，不同的年龄阶段有不同的观点。‎ Evidently，people from different ages have different opinions.‎ ‎⑤我们应该多与孩子交流并尊重他们的观点。‎ We should communicate more with our children and respect_their_opinions.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎(1)利用demand跟从句要用虚拟语气升级1中句③‎ However，a_great_many_parents_demand_that_schools_should _help_the_ students_establish_good__appreciation_of_music.‎ ‎(2)利用it作形式主语升级1中句④‎ It_is_evident_that_people__for_different_ages_have__different_opinions.‎ ‎3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however)‎ There is a trend that more and more young people are unwilling to listen to classical music.So the number of the young people who enjoy classical music is on the decline.The teenagers have a tendency for R&B.However，a great many parents demand that schools should help the students establish good appreciation of music.‎ It is evident that people from different ages have different opinions.We should communicate more with our children and respect their opinions.‎