2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit4Earthquakes单元学案设计（22页word版）

2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit4Earthquakes单元学案设计（22页word版）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit4Earthquakes单元学案设计 识记词汇 ‎1.Match the words and phrases.‎ A. words (词汇连线)‎ ‎1)burst ‎2)event ‎ ‎3)suffering ‎4)extreme ‎5)electricity ‎6)disaster ‎7)shelter ‎8)title ‎9)damage ‎10)congratulation 1)n.灾难 ‎2)n.掩蔽;掩蔽处 ‎3)n.标题;资格 ‎4)n.电 ‎5)n.事件;大事 ‎6)adj.极度的 ‎7)n.苦难;痛苦 ‎8)n.祝贺;(复数)贺词 ‎9)n./vi 爆裂;爆发 ‎10)n./vt.损失;伤害 B. phrases(短语连线)‎ ‎1)立刻;马上 ‎2)不重视 ‎3)严重受损;破败不堪 ‎4)结束;终结 ‎5)掘出;发现 1)in ruins ‎2)dig out ‎3)right away ‎4)think little of ‎5)at an end ‎2.根据释义写出单词 ‎1)　　　 to prevent sb.from escaping from a dangerous place ‎ ‎2)　　　 put sth.under the earth ‎ ‎3)　　　 help to get someone out of danger ‎ ‎4)　　　 a thin metal piece that carries water ‎ ‎5)　　　 a deep place to store water to drink ‎ ‎6)　　　 hurt ‎ ‎7)　　　 people who remain alive ‎ ‎8)　　　 a very long water way for boats ‎ ‎9)　　　 get ready ‎ ‎10)　　　 make sb.surprised ‎ 精讲词汇 ‎1.burst v. 爆裂;闯入;爆炸n.突发,爆发 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎1)I almost burst out 　　　 when I saw what she was wearing.当我看到她的装束时几乎要笑出来。 ‎ ‎2)I almost burst into 　　　 when I saw what she was wearing.当我看到她的装束时几乎要笑出来。 ‎ ‎3)My wife 　　　 tears when she heard the bad news.听到这个消息后,我妻子放声痛哭起来。 ‎ ‎4)The crowd 　　　 cheering.人们欢呼起来。 ‎ ‎ burst into sth.(tears/laughter) ‎ burst out doing (crying/laughing) ‎ ‎2.as if 仿佛,好像 ‎【填空】‎ ‎1)It seems 　　　 (好像)our team is going to win. ‎ ‎2)She looks as if she 　　　 (be)ten years younger. ‎ ‎3)He talked about Rome as if he 　　　 (be)there before. ‎ ‎4)It looks as if it 　　　 (may)snow tomorrow. ‎ ‎ as if 从句后常用　: ‎ ‎(1)从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用　。 ‎ ‎(2)从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用　。 ‎ ‎(3)从句表示与将来事实可能相反,谓语动词用　。 ‎ ‎3.ruin vt.毁坏,破坏n.毁坏,破坏(复数)废墟,遗址 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎1)The big flood not only 　　　 the crops,but also left the whole town in 　　　.洪水不仅毁了庄稼,还把整个镇子变成了一片废墟。 ‎ ‎2)That mistake 　　　　　　 of getting the job.正是那个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。 ‎ ‎3)My new shoes 　　　　　　 in the mud.我的新鞋被泥浆给糟蹋了。 ‎ ‎4)The building lay 　　　　　　 after the big fire.大火过后,这栋楼成为了一片废墟。 ‎ ‎5)Sea water 　　　　　　 the ship’s goods.海水使船上的货物受到损害。 ‎ ‎6)The bridge was completely 　　　.那座桥完全被毁了。 ‎ ‎ be/lie in ruins ‎ leave...in ruins ‎ destroy 　; ‎ ruin 彻底的破坏,但往往是非暴力的,常指对　　　　事物的破坏; ‎ damage　。 ‎ ‎4.injure vt. 伤害,使……受伤,‎ ‎【单词指导】‎ ‎1)He was seriously 　　　 (受伤)in the traffic accident. ‎ ‎2)The 　　　 (受伤的人)were rushed to hospital. ‎ ‎3)They escaped from the accident with only minor 　　　(伤害). ‎ ‎4)I didn’t mean to 　　　(伤害)his pride. ‎ ‎5)He got 　　　(受伤)in the fighting. ‎ ‎6)What you said 　　　(伤害)my feeling. ‎ ‎ injured ‎ the injured ‎ injury ‎ injure one’s pride ‎ hurt ‎ injure ‎ wound ‎ ‎5.judge vt. 判断;判决 n. 裁判员;法官 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎1)He was one of the 　　　 at the horse race.他是赛马比赛的裁判员之一。 ‎ ‎2)Never 　　　 a man 　　　 what he said.不要依据一个人所说的话判断他。 ‎ ‎3)　　　 her last letter,they are living a busy life.从她上封信看,他们过着繁忙的生活。 ‎ ‎4)　　　,it is he rather than you is to blame.据我判断,是他而不是你该受谴责。 ‎ ‎5)You must trust in your own 　　　. 你必须相信自己的判断。 ‎ ‎ judge ...from/by... ‎ judging from/by ‎ as far as ...can judge ‎ judgement ‎ 运用词汇 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1.Life would be very difficult without 　　　(电). ‎ ‎2.It was a 　　　(可怕的)night because of the terrible earthquake. ‎ ‎3.Don’t 　　　 (判断)a book by its cover. ‎ ‎4.The earthquake caused great 　　　(损害). ‎ ‎5.The whole city lay in 　　　 (废墟)after the earthquake. ‎ ‎6.The soldiers built s　　　 for those homeless people. ‎ ‎7.Every year natural d　　　 can cause heavy loss to the world. ‎ ‎8.Most of the buildings were completely d 　　　in the earthquake. ‎ ‎9.That boy was really lucky.After being caught in his car for 60 hours he was r　　　. ‎ ‎10.These days, we are busy p　　　 for the final examination. ‎ Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1.—What’s the matter with her car?‎ ‎—It looks 　　　 the engine couldn’t work. ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　‎ A.as if B. like C.as D. that ‎2.The UN is to 　　　 an end to the dispute between the two countries. I’m sure the issue will 　　　 an end soon. ‎ A. come; put B. come to; bring C. put; come D. bring; come to ‎3.The scientist knew nothing about the matter, because he was always 　　　 himself 　　　 his study. ‎ A. burying; in B. devoting; in C. focusing; in D. concentrating; in ‎4.Scientists say a big earthquake might 　　　 a whole city in thirty seconds. ‎ A. ruin B.be destroyed C.be stopped in D. not ruin ‎5.When the girl learnt that her boyfriend was 　　　 in the earthquake, she 　　　. ‎ A. injured; burst in tear B. killed; burst into tears C. still alive; burst into tears C. killed; burst into crying ‎6.　　　 people killed and injured in the earthquake reached several million. ‎ A.A number of B. The number of C.A lot of D.A great many ‎7.A car exploded(爆炸)near the store. Luckily, nobody was reported　　　. ‎ A. hurt B. wounded C. harmed D. injured ‎8.Open the windows, Jack, and let in some　　　 air. ‎ A. new B. different C. fresh D. proper ‎9.Why don’t you 　　　 a club? That will make you stronger and help you achieve your goal more quickly. ‎ A. organize B. make C. build D. discuss ‎10.I shall make my own　　　on this matter when I see the result. ‎ A. justice B. judgement C. intention D. conclusion Ⅲ.短文填空 Dirty water rose in 　　　(井),　　　(池塘)and 　　　 (运河)before the earthquake. But no one 　　　(判断)it and got 　　　(准备好).Suddenly, everything shook. Thousands of 　　　(砖)houses and 　　　(大量的)　　　 (水坝)were 　　　(摧毁).Giving out 　　　(难闻的)　　　(蒸汽),90 percent of the 　　　(水管)in the coal 　　　(矿井)　　　 (爆裂)and became 　　　 (无用的)steel.The army were 　　　(震惊的).They were 　　　 (组织)to 　　　(援救)the 　　　(伤员)and offer 　　　(新鲜的)water and 　　　(避难所)to them 　　　(立刻).Without 　　　(电),they 　　　(挖出)the 　　　(幸存者)　　　(被埋在)the 　　　(废墟)with hands. At last, the 　　　(灾难)was 　　　(结束).Speeches were given in honour of the army. ‎ 参考答案 ‎ 识记词汇 ‎2.1)trap　2)bury　3)rescue　4)pipe　5)well　6)injure　7)survivor　8)canal　9)prepare　10)shock 精讲词汇 ‎1.1)laughing　2)laughter　3)burst into　4)burst out 突然……起来;突然……起来 ‎2.1)as if　2)were　3)had been　4)might 虚拟语气;一般过去时;had+过去分词;would / could / might+动词原形 ‎3.1)ruined; ruins　2)ruined his chance　3)got ruined　4)in ruins　5)damaged　‎ ‎6)destroyed 毁坏,成为废墟;使……成为废墟;彻底的毁灭;美好;可指不同程度的破坏、损坏,局部的破坏 ‎4.1)injured　2)injured　3)injuries　4)injure ‎5)wounded　6)hurt adj.受伤的;伤者;n.伤口,伤害;伤某人的自尊;可以指肉体上的伤害,也可以指精神上的伤害;一般指由于意外造成的损伤;一般指外伤,尤指战争、战斗中受伤。‎ ‎5.1)judges　2)judge; from/by　3)Judging from/by　4)As far as I can judge　5)judgement 依据……来判断……;依据……判断;据某人判断;n.判断。‎ 运用词汇 Ⅰ.1.electricity　2.frightening　3.judge　4.damage　5.ruins　6.shelters　7.disasters ‎8.destroyed　9.rescued　10.preparing Ⅱ.1~5.ADAAB　6~10.BDCAB Ⅲ.wells; ponds; canals; judged; prepared; brick; a number of;dams;destroyed;smelly;steam;pipes;mines;burst;useless;shocked;organized;rescue;injured;fresh;shelters;right away; electricity; dug out; survivors; buried in; ruins; disaster; at an end 自主预习 Many people believe that “It is always calm before a storm.” Surf the Internet to find out what will usually happen before an earthquake.‎ 思考导引 Please look at the picture. What can you see in the picture? Can you describe it?‎ ‎ ‎ 课堂探究 ‎1.Skimming A. Read the text quickly and give the answers to the questions.‎ ‎1)What does the passage mainly tell us about?‎ ‎2)When did the earthquake happen?‎ ‎3)How many people were killed or injured in this disaster?‎ B. Read the text quickly again, and try to find out the main idea for each paragraph.‎ Matching work:‎ Paragraphs:　　　　main ideas Para.1　The world was at an end. The earthquake hit the city.‎ Para.2　The damage of the city in the earthquake.‎ Para.3　The rescue to the city.‎ Para.4　Some strange things happened before the earthquake.‎ ‎2.Scanning A. Read through Para.1 carefully and then answer the following question: What happened before the earthquake?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎★The water in the wells 　　　 and 　　　.And some deep 　　　 could be seen in the well walls. A　　　　 gas came out of the cracks. ‎ ‎★The chickens and the pigs 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎★Mice ran out of the fields 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎★Fish 　　　　　　　　 bowls and ponds. ‎ ‎★People could see bright 　　　 in the sky. ‎ ‎★The sound of 　　　 could be heard outside the city even when no planes were in the sky. ‎ ‎★The water pipes in some buildings cracked and 　　　. ‎ B.Read through Para graphs 2~3 carefully and then do the true or false exercises:‎ True or false:‎ ‎1)Two-thirds of the nation felt the earthquake.(　　)‎ ‎2)The city of Tangshan lay in ruins within 15 seconds.(　　)‎ ‎3)All of the city’s hospitals, factories, buildings and homes were damaged in the earthquake.(　　)‎ ‎4)Later that afternoon, a terrible earthquake shook Tangshan again.(　　)‎ C. Read through Para.4 carefully and fill in the blanks:‎ After the earthquakes 　　　 soldiers were sent to Tangshan. ‎ ‎ Lots of survivors were rescued and the dead were 　　　. ‎ ‎ 　　　 were built for survivors who lost their homes. ‎ ‎ 　　　　　　　was transported to the city. ‎ ‎ The city began to 　　　　　　　　. ‎ D. The structure of the passage Part 1: ‎ Part 2: ‎ Part 3: ‎ ‎3.Cracking the hard points Underline the sentences below in your text and observe them carefully. Try to understand the structures and translate them into Chinese.‎ ‎1)But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2)Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3)The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4)All hope was not lost.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.Consolidation Ⅰ.Join the correct parts of the sentences.‎ ‎1.The chickens didn’t eat because ‎2.The people didn’t worry because ‎3.Such a great number of people died because ‎4.Water was needed because ‎5.The people did not lose hope because A. the army came to help them B. the quake happened while they were sleeping C. they were nervous D. dams and wells were useless E .they didn’t know what the strange events meant Ⅱ.Finish the following passage according to the text and try to retell the story.‎ Strange things were happening in the countryside in northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the wells r　　　 and fell. As　　　 gas came out of the cracks. In Tangshan, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and b　　　.But the people of the city, who thought l　　　 of these events,went to bed as u　　　. ‎ At 3:42 am everything began to s　　　.It s　　　 as if the world was a　　　 a　　　 e ! In fifteen seconds a large city l　　　 i　　　 r　　　.The n　　　 of people who were k　　　 or i　　　 r　　　 more than 400,000.Many children were l　　　 without parents. ‎ Nearly everything was d　　　.Hospitals, factories, buildings and homes were g　　　.People were shocked. Nobody knew how long the d　　　 would l　　　. ‎ The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan. They o teams to d　　　 o　　　 those who were t under the ruins and to b　　　 the dead. Hundreds of t　　　 of people were r . ‎ ‎5.Post-reading Interview: Suppose you are a reporter from a foreign newspaper and you are interviewing a survivor of the Tangshan earthquake.‎ You can begin like this:‎ A:Excuse me. May I ask you some questions about the earthquake?‎ B:Sure.‎ Key Words:‎ rose; smelly; burst; thought little of; as usual; began to shake; at an end; lay in ruins; reached more than 400,000;without parents;destroyed;gone;last;150,000 soldiers; organized; bury; rescued 课后提升 ‎1.But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.‎ ‎*think little of 轻视,不重视 ‎*think much of 重视,赞扬 ‎1)他不重视我的建议。 ‎ ‎2)我觉得这幅画并不高明。 ‎ ‎2.Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.‎ 此处leave表示“ 使处于……状态 ”,‎ 其后通常接复合宾语,即宾语+adj./done/doing/n./prep.等作宾语补足语。‎ 完成句子 ‎1)请开着门吧。Leave the door 　　　,please. ‎ ‎2)别让他在雨中等着。‎ Don’t leave him 　　　 in the rain. ‎ ‎3)别打扰我,走开!Leave me 　　　! Go away. ‎ ‎4)我不能让这样一件重要的事半途而废。 ‎ I can’t leave such an important matter 　　　. ‎ ‎5)地震使整个城镇沦为废墟。‎ The earthquake left the whole town 　　　. ‎ 翻译 ‎6)His parents both died last year, leaving him an orphan. ‎ ‎3.The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.‎ 写出划线词的意思 ‎1)He sent his son to join the army as soon as he reached 18.(　　)‎ ‎2)Your letter of August 24 only reached me today.(　　)‎ ‎3)The boy wasn’t tall enough to reach the branches.(　　)‎ ‎4.All hope was not lost.‎ ‎= Not all hope was lost.‎ ‎*该句为不完全否定,也可称之为部分否定。‎ ‎*all...not...= not all ... (some but not all 一些,但不是全部)‎ 当all, every, everyone, everything, both用于否定句时,皆表示不完全的否定。 ‎ e.g.1)Not all that glitters is gold.‎ 闪光的并不都是金子。‎ ‎2)Not all the children are noisy.‎ ‎= All the children are not noisy.‎ ‎=Some of the children are not noisy.‎ 完成句子 ‎1)这些鞋子不全是能配成对的。‎ ‎　the shoes would pair up. ‎ ‎2)并不是每一个学生都来了。‎ ‎　one of the students came. ‎ ‎3)这两位艺术家并非都有审美的眼光。‎ ‎　the artists have a keen eye for beauty. ‎ 单项填空 ‎4)While I agree with most of what you said, I don’t agree with 　　　. ‎ A. something　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ B. anything C. everything ‎ D. nothing 参考答案 ‎ 课堂探究 Skimming: A.1)Earthquake in Tangshan.‎ ‎2)On July 28,1976.‎ ‎3)More than 400,000.‎ B.Para.1:Some strange things happened before the earthquake.‎ Para.2:The world was at an end. The earthquake hit the city.‎ Para.3:The damage of the city in the earthquake.‎ Para.4:The rescue to the city.‎ Scanning: A. rose; fell; cracks; smelly; were too nervous to eat; looking for places to hide; jumped out of; lights; planes; burst ‎ B.1)F(One-third),2)T,3)F(All of the city’s hospitals, factories, buildings and homes ),4)T C.150,000;buried;Shelters;Fresh water; breathe again D. Part 1:Para.1.Before the earthquake strange things began to happen but no one noticed them.‎ Part 2:Para graphs 2~3.The earthquake destroyed the city of Tangshan and shocked the people very much.‎ Part 3:Para.4.The army came to help the survivors, bringing hope for a new life.‎ Cracking the hard points:‎ ‎1.但是,唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当回事,当天晚上照常睡觉。‎ ‎ 2.成千上万个家庭遇难,许多孩子失去了父母。‎ ‎ 3.死亡和重伤人数达到40多万。 ‎ ‎4.并没有丧失所有希望。‎ Consolidation:Ⅰ.CEDBA Ⅱ.rose; smelly; burst; little; usual; shake; seemed; at an end; lay in ruins;number;killed;injured;reached;left;destroyed;gone;disaster;last;organized;dig out; trapped; bury; thousands; rescued 课后提升 ‎1.1)He thought little of my suggestion.‎ ‎2)I thought little of/ didn’t think much of the painting.‎ ‎2.1)open　2)waiting　3)alone　4)undone/ unfinished　5)in ruins　6)他父母去年双双去世,留下他成为一个孤儿。‎ ‎3.1)达到(指某种数目)　2)抵达,传到　3)伸手够到(某物)‎ ‎4.1)Not all　2)Not every　3)Not both　4)C Step 1　expressions:‎ ‎1.But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.但是,唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事,当天晚上照常上床睡觉。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)I thought little of what he said at that time.‎ 我对他当时说的话没多考虑。‎ ‎2)I think much better of him after I have found out his true motive.‎ 我发觉他的真实动机后,对他的评价高多了。‎ ‎ who 引导了一个　　　　　　　 ‎ think little of 意为“　　　　　　　　” ‎ think much of 意为“　　　　　　　　” ‎ think highly of 意为“　　　　　　　　” ‎ think poorly of 意为“　　　　　　　　” ‎ think well of 意为“　　　　　　　　” ‎ think nothing of 意为“　　　　　　　　” ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎ 把下列句子翻译成汉语。‎ ‎1)She thinks nothing of walking thirty miles a day.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2)I do think much of my new teacher.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3)He is highly thought of by the manager.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4)The other scholars thought little of his theory.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.It seemed as if the world was at an end! 世界似乎到了末日! ‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)It was as if time stopped here.在这里,时间仿佛停止。‎ ‎2)It looks as if most teachers agree.多数老师似乎都同意这一看法。‎ ‎3)It seems as if our team is going to win.看来我们队要胜了。‎ ‎4)He acted as if he had already known the truth.他表现得像是已经知道了真相。 ‎ ‎ It is/looks/seems as if 意为“　　　　　　　　”。 ‎ as if 还可以用来引导　　　　　　　　。 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ 翻译以下句子。‎ ‎1)看起来好像要下雨了。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2)这个孩子说起话来就像个成年人。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)The war was at an end. 战争结束了。‎ The war came to an end. 战争结束了。‎ ‎2)They put the war to an end.他们结束了战争。‎ ‎ be at an end意为“　　　　　　　” ‎ come to an end意为“　　　　　　　” ‎ put/bring sth.to an end意为“　　　　　　　” ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ 翻译以下句子。‎ ‎1)到年终了。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2)会议结束了。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.死亡和重伤人数达到40多万。 ‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)The number of people who were killed in the accident remains unknown.事故中丧生的人数还不清楚。‎ ‎2)I have a number of letters to write.我有好些信要写。‎ ‎3)A great/large number of people have applied.许多人都已申请。‎ ‎ a number of =many意为“　　　”;修饰可数名词复数,谓语动词用　　　。 ‎ the number of ... 意为“　　　”,后也常跟可数名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词用　　　。 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ 用a (great)number of /the number of填空。‎ ‎1)　　　boxes were lost on the way. ‎ ‎2)　　　students absent is large. ‎ ‎3)　　　 people who lost their homes reached as many as 250,000. ‎ Step 2　Sentence structures we are going to learn ‎1. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看,那里的一切都几乎被毁了。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ Everywhere I go,I find the same thing.无论我去哪儿,我都看到同样的东西。‎ ‎ 句子中的everywhere they looked 是　　　,everywhere用作　　　,相当于wherever或no matter where,引导让步状语从句。 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ 翻译以下句子。‎ 无论你往哪儿看,你都会看到它。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)Everything is not right.不是所有的事情都是对的。‎ ‎2)All my friends do not study well.=Not all my friends study well.不是我所有的朋友都学习好。‎ ‎3)He does not always play volleyball.他不总是打排球。‎ ‎4)None of us was allowed to go there.我们谁都不许去那儿。‎ ‎5)Nothing she did pleased him.她做的所有事情都令他不满。‎ ‎ 凡是具有总括意义的代词(all, both, each, everybody, everything 等)、形容词(complete, whole等)和副词(completely, always, wholly, altogether等)与否定词not连用,构成部分否定,表示“不……;并非……”的意思。而全部否定用no, none, never, nobody, neither, nothing, no more, no longer表示。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ 翻译以下句子。‎ ‎1)All of them are not right.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2)Both of the students are not from the factory.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3)Every man cannot be a mathematician.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。 ‎ ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎1)He doesn’t want to hire the boy whose father is in prison.他不想雇佣那个父亲还在坐牢的男孩子。‎ ‎2)Anne was a Jewish girl whose diary has been read widely all over the world.安妮是一个犹太女孩,她的日记在全世界广为传诵。 ‎ ‎ 句子中whose homes had been destroyed是定语从句,whose是关系代词,代替先行词survivors在定语从句中作定语,相当于of whom,这个定语从句也可改为of whom the homes had been destroyed或the homes of whom had been destroyed。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ The college won’t take on anyone 　　　 eyesight is weak. ‎ A. who　　　　B. whose　　　　C. of whom　　　　D. which 参考答案 ‎ Step 1‎ ‎1.【归纳总结】非限制性定语从句;不重视……/认为……没有什么了不起;认为……很不错;看重/器重;不放在眼里/轻视;重视/认为……好;轻视/认为……无所谓 ‎【尝试运用】1)她认为一天走三十英里没什么。2)我真的认为我的新老师很不错。3)经理非常器重他。4)其他的学者并不重视他的理论。‎ ‎2.【归纳总结】看起来好像……; 状语从句 ‎【尝试运用】1)It looks as if it is going to rain.‎ ‎2)The child talks as if he were a grown-up.‎ ‎【归纳总结】结束;结束;结束……‎ ‎【尝试运用】1)The year is at an end.2)The meeting came to an end.‎ ‎3.【归纳总结】许多,若干;复数; ……的数量;单数 ‎【尝试运用】1)A number of　2)The number of　3)The number of Step 2‎ ‎1.【归纳总结】让步状语从句;连词 ‎【尝试运用】You see it everywhere you look.‎ ‎2.【尝试运用】1)他们并不全对。‎ ‎ 2)这两个学生不是都来自工厂。‎ ‎ 3)不是每个人都能成为数学家的。‎ ‎3.【尝试运用】B 感受新知 Ⅰ.找出下列句子的先行词和关系代词。‎ ‎1.But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.‎ ‎2.It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometres away.‎ ‎3.A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals.‎ ‎4.The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.‎ ‎5.Another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.‎ ‎6.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.‎ ‎7.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.‎ Ⅱ.Conclusion of the rules:‎ ‎1.基本概念 定语从句: 修饰　　　的从句。 ‎ 先行词:　　　修饰的词,起着连接主、从句,指代先行词和在从句中作句子成分的三重作用。 ‎ ‎2.关系代词的选择 关系代词 指代 在从句中充当的成分 who ‎ whom ‎ which ‎ that ‎ whose ‎ ‎3.定语从句有两种:‎ ‎(1)限制性定语从句(先行词与定语从句间无逗号), 如句子　。 ‎ ‎(2)非限制性定语从句(先行词与定语从句间有逗号),如句子　。 ‎ Ⅲ.Consolidation.‎ A. Fill in the blanks.‎ ‎1.This is the young man 　　　　　　　I met yesterday. ‎ ‎2.The boys 　　　　　　　wanted to play football were sad when it rained. ‎ ‎3.It was a meeting 　　　　　　　importance I did not realize at that time. ‎ ‎4.I still remember the days　　　　　　　we spent together last summer. ‎ ‎5.Mary bought a book 　　　　　　　 was written by Mark Twain. ‎ B. Combine the two sentences.‎ ‎1.I remembered the city.‎ I visited the city last year.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.Do you know the scientist?‎ We talked about the scientist just now.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.Pandas eat bamboo.‎ It is almost the only food they like.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.The girl is my sister.‎ The girl is dressed in a red coat.‎ ‎ ‎ 拓展 Ⅰ.Whether to choose “that” or not? ‎ ‎1.He told me everything (that)he knows.‎ ‎2.All the books (that)you offered have been given out.‎ ‎3.This is the best film (that)I have ever seen.‎ ‎4.We talked about the person and things that we remember.‎ ‎5.Our English teacher loves us all, which makes us happy.‎ Conclusion:‎ 只用that的情况:‎ ‎1)Sentence 1:先行词为　　　,all, nothing, anything, something, little, much等。 ‎ ‎2)Sentence 2:先行词被　　　,any, each, every, much, little, some, few, no, the only,the very等修饰时。 ‎ ‎3)Sentence 3: 先行词前有形容词　　　,序数词修饰时。 ‎ ‎4)Sentence 4:先行词是　　　。 ‎ 不用that的情况:‎ ‎5)Sentence 5:非限制性定语从句中,指人用who(主语)/whom(宾语);指物用　　　。 ‎ Ⅱ.“As” as a relative pronoun.‎ ‎1.You may take as many books as you want.‎ ‎2.The world has been changing at such a high speed as no one has expected.‎ ‎3.As is known to us all, light travels faster than sound.‎ Conclusion:‎ Sentences 1,2: 限定性定语从句中用在固定搭配　　　,so....as,　　　,the same...as中。 ‎ Sentence 3:在非限定性定语从句中作主语或宾语,常译做“正如”。‎ Ⅲ.Fill in the blanks.‎ ‎1.This is the most expensive book 　　　　 is sold in this shop. ‎ ‎2.Do you agree with everything 　　　　 he said at the meeting? ‎ ‎3.This is the only shop 　　　　 sells this kind of machine. ‎ ‎4.I have read all the books 　　　　 you gave me. ‎ ‎5.This is the first thing 　　　　 I want to say. ‎ ‎6.The TV play I watched last night is the best one 　　　　 I have watched this year. ‎ ‎7.Tell us about the people and the places 　　　　 are different from us. ‎ ‎8.Any person 　　　　 has the money can join the group. ‎ ‎9.　　　　 is known to us all, smoking is harmful to health. ‎ ‎10.My parents gave me a bike, 　　　　 made me excited. ‎ 巩固运用 Ⅰ.Correct the following sentences.‎ ‎1.I enjoy the music that we are listening to it.‎ ‎2.The people which live next to us are friendly.‎ ‎3.He is the man who he taught me English.‎ ‎4.I gave the book to him that he needed it.‎ ‎5.The book which I bought it at the bookstore was very useful.‎ ‎6.I met a woman who her husband is a famous lawyer.‎ Ⅱ.Multiple choice.‎ ‎1.That’s the new machine 　　　 parts are too small to be seen. 　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　‎ A. that B. which C. whose D. what ‎2.The old temple 　　　 roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. ‎ A. where B. which C. whose D. its ‎3.There are some other students 　　　 want to visit Wutai Mountain. ‎ A. who B . whose C. whom D. which ‎ ‎4.There is a boy downstairs 　　　 wants to see you. ‎ A. who B. whom C. which D. he ‎5.We talked about the things and persons 　　　 he saw in the park. ‎ A. which B. what C. whose D. that ‎6.She will never forget the days 　　　 she spent in Beijing. ‎ A. that B. what C. when D. why ‎7.The prize will go to the writer 　　　 story shows the most imagination. ‎ A. that B. which C. whose D. what ‎8.The old town have small houses 　　　 are built close to each other. ‎ A. they B. where C. what D. that ‎9.They have decided to finish the work in time,　　　,I think, is a clever choice. ‎ A. that B. what C. which D. whether ‎10.　　　 is known to us all, the earth moves around the sun. ‎ A. Which B. That C. What D.As ‎11.I have never seen such a tall tree 　　　 it is. ‎ A. what B. which C. that D.as ‎12.Kate always tells a lie,　　　 makes her parents feel strange. ‎ A. which B. that C.as D. where Ⅲ.Polish this passage using attributive clauses.‎ My Sister My sister’s name is Mary. She is senior to me by two years. She is interested in English. English is a worldwide language. She often helps me learn English. It is of great importance to improve my ability. We are fond of traveling. It gives us a lot of fun.‎ 参考答案 ‎ 感受新知 ‎(略)‎ Ⅱ.1.名词或代词;被定语从句 ‎2.‎ 关系代词 指代 在从句中充当的成分 who 人 主语,宾语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语,宾语 that 人,物 主语,宾语 whose 人,物 定语 ‎3.(1)3,4,5,6,7　(2)1,2‎ Ⅲ.A.1.who/that/whom　2.who/that　3.whose　4.that/ which　5.that/which B.1.I remembered the city which/that I visited last year.‎ ‎2.Do you know the scientist who/whom we talked about just now?‎ ‎3.Pandas eat bamboo that is almost the only food they like.‎ ‎4.The girl who is dressed in a red coat is my sister.‎ 拓展 Ⅰ.1)everything　2)all　3)最高级　4)人和物　5)which Ⅱ.as...as, such...as Ⅲ.1.that　2.that　3.that　4.that　5.that　6.that　7.that　8.that/who　9.As　10.which 巩固运用 Ⅰ.1.去掉it　2.which→who/that　3.去掉who后面的he 　4.去掉it　5.去掉it　6.who her→whose Ⅱ.1~5.CCAAD　6~10.ACDCD　11~12.DA Ⅲ.My sister whose name is Mary is senior to me by two years. She is interested in English which is a worldwide language. So, she often helps me learn English, which is of great importance to improve my ability. In addition, we are fond of traveling which gives us a lot of fun.‎ 链接高考试题 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ ‎ “You can use me as a last resort (选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’ lacrosse (长曲棍球) club. ‎ I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on… At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”‎ I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.‎ Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.‎ ‎ That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community (社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.‎ In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?‎ ‎24. What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?‎ A. She knows little about the club.‎ B. She isn’t good at sports.‎ C. She just doesn’t want to volunteer.‎ D. She’s unable to meet her schedule.‎ ‎25. What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?‎ A. Encourage teamwork.‎ B. Appeal to feelings.‎ C. Promote good deeds.‎ D. Provide advice.‎ ‎26. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?‎ A. She gets interested in lacrosse.‎ B. She is proud of her kids.‎ C. She’ll work for another season.‎ D. She becomes a good helper.‎ ‎27. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?‎ A. It gives her a sense of duty.‎ B. It makes her very happy.‎ C. It enables her to work hard.‎ D. It brings her material rewards.‎ C Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel’s “me” time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.‎ A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.‎ ‎“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?” Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today, I just wanted some time to myself,” she said.‎ Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he’s on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction (交流). “I reflect on how my day’s gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “It’s a ‎ chance for self-reflection, You return to work recharged and with a plan.”‎ That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.‎ ‎28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?‎ A. Food variety.‎ B. Eating habits.‎ C. Table manners.‎ D. Restaurant service.‎ ‎29. Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?‎ A. To meet with her coworkers.‎ B. To catch up with her work.‎ C. To have some time on her own.‎ D. To collect data for her report.‎ ‎30. What do we know about Mazoleny?‎ A. He makes videos for the bar.‎ B. He’s fond of the food at the bar.‎ C. He interviews customers at the bar.‎ D. He’s familiar with the barkeeper.‎ ‎31. What is the text mainly about?‎ A. The trend of having meals alone.‎ B. The importance of self-reflection.‎ C. The stress from working overtime.‎ D. The advantage of wireless technology.‎ D Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms (微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.‎ HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution (解决方案). “We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager.‎ ‎“There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than ‘Are you working towards your goal?’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and…it’s not a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your product.”‎ Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact (影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.” And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.‎ ‎32. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?‎ A. They are hard to get rid of. ‎ B. They lead to air pollution.‎ C. They appear in different forms. ‎ D. They damage the instruments.‎ ‎33. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?‎ A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships. ‎ B. To sharpen students’ communication skills.‎ C. To allow students to experience zero gravity. ‎ D. To link space technology with school education.‎ ‎34. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?‎ A. Check their product. ‎ B. Guide project designs.‎ C. Adjust work schedules. ‎ D. Grade their homework.‎ ‎35. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier C. Nature: An Outdoor Classroom D. HUNCH: A College Admission Reform 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting, Ehlers 41 about the small dog he had seen 42 alongside the road. He had 43 to coax (哄) the dog to him but, frightened, it had ___44___. ‎ Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that 45 dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove 46 . After a long and careful 47 , Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving ___48___ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 . It just started licking (舔) Ehlers’ face.‎ A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper. The ad had a 51 number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers 52 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53 their dog.‎ Jeff had 54 in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched 55 for Rosie in the next four days.‎ Ehlers returned to Minnesota, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who 56 enough to go to that kind of 57 ,” says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue 58 .‎ ‎“I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 59 to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be 60 to go that extra mile.”‎ ‎41. A. read B. forgot C. thought D. heard ‎42. A. fighting B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping ‎43. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted ‎44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off ‎45. A. injured B. stolen C. lost D. rescued ‎46. A. home B. past C. back D. on ‎ ‎47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search ‎48. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily ‎49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety ‎50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded ‎ ‎51. A. house B. phone C. street D. car ‎52. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered ‎ ‎53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured ‎54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked ‎55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain ‎56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns ‎ ‎57. A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme ‎ ‎58. A. service B. plan C. effort D. team ‎59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close ‎60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. wiling 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 61 (be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 62 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.‎ Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 64 (declare) she had no plans 65 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 67 because I want to.”‎ Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31 — who works alongside her in the family business — said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We ‎ don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 68 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 69 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s 70 (wonder).”‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Since I was a kid, I’ve considered different job I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help people in need. ‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ 假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将参加比赛，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 比赛信息；‎ ‎2. 赛前准备；‎ ‎3. 表达期待。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷II）‎ 英语试题参考答案 第一部分 听力 ‎1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C ‎ ‎6. C 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. C ‎ ‎11. B 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B ‎ ‎16. A 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. A 第二部分 阅读理解 ‎21. C 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. B ‎ ‎26.D 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. D ‎ ‎31. A 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B ‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用 第一节 ‎41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45.C ‎ ‎46. C 47. D 48. A 49. B 50.B ‎ ‎51. B 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. D ‎ ‎56. A 57. B 58. C 59. D 60. D 第二节 ‎61. being 62. which 63. finally 64. declared 65. to retire ‎ ‎66. have made 67. but 68. saying 69. a 70. wonderful 第四部分 写作 第一节 短文改错 Since I was a kid, I’ve considered different job I would like to do. First, ‎ ‎ jobs I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was cool ‎ in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English ‎ ‎ fifth teacher too much. When I studied chemistry ∧ high school, I reconsidered very/so in/at my goal or decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision.‎ ‎ and There One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much ‎ amazed more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help ‎ was people in need.‎ 第二节 书面表达（略）‎