【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习考点讲解学案之：话题九　社会生活

【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习考点讲解学案之：话题九　社会生活

话题九　社会生活 A ‎[2019·河北衡水中学模拟]‎ A little girl who battled against cancer received a special gift on her third birthday, thanks to a creative stranger from Idaho. Jessica Sebastian, owner of Sebastian Design, was contacted by Danielle Munger, whose daughter, Brynn, lost an eye because of cancer. Danielle asked Jessica if she could make a bunny doll with one eye.‎ ‎“I make dolls, which is not a heroic profession by any means. But recently I was asked to make a doll for a little girl who is a true superhero，” Jessica wrote.‎ ‎“A mama contacted me and asked if I would make a bunny doll with one eye for her twoyearold daughter who loves animals and lost her left eye to cancer. The girl had started to notice that she was different and her sweet mama read articles about a doll which looks like a child can be helpful and therapeutic (有益健康的). She wanted her daughter to have a doll that looked like her and only had her right eye. Up to now, I don't think I've ever been asked to create something so tender and meaningful.”‎ Brynn received the special gift on March 25 during her family birthday party.‎ ‎“She smiled so big and then she could not open the rest of her presents until we got the bunny out of her box and she could show her off to all her cousins and family，” Danielle said.‎ That evening, Danielle snapped a photo of Brynn in her wonder woman pajamas looking at the bunny doll happily. She recalled her daughter saying, “She_matches_me！” “My favorite part of this photo is how she is wearing her wonder woman nightgown，” Jessica said. “It perfectly represents the strength and courage of this little superhero.”‎ 体裁：记叙文　题材：社会生活　主题：笑对人生 ‎【文章大意】‎ ‎　本文是一篇记叙文。两岁的小女孩Brynn因为癌症失去了左眼，她的母亲为了让她从异于他人的感觉中走出来，请Jessica做了一个只有右眼的兔娃娃，正是这个礼物给了Brynn力量和勇气。‎ ‎【难句分析】　A mama contacted me and asked if I would make a bunny doll with one eye for her twoyearold daughter who loves animals and lost her left eye to cancer.(第三段第一句)‎ 分析：本句是主从复合句。if引导的宾语从句作asked的宾语；“who loves animals and lost her left eye to cancer”是who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词daughter。‎ Paraphrase/英英释义：A mama got in touch with me and asked me if I would make a bunny doll with one eye for her twoyearold daughter, for her daughter loves animals but unfortunately she lost her left eye because of cancer.‎ 词汇积累：creative adj.有创造力的　contact v．联系　profession n．职业　thanks to幸亏，由于 ‎1．Why did Danielle ask Jessica to make a bunny doll with one eye?‎ A．To sell it to a disabled girl.‎ B．To cure her daughter of cancer.‎ C．To meet the demand of her daughter.‎ D．To free her daughter from the feeling of difference.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。由第三段第三句“She wanted her daughter to have a doll that looked like her and only had her right eye.”及第三段第二句“The girl had started to notice that she was different...”可知，Danielle请Jessica做一个只有右眼的兔娃娃是为了让她的女儿从异于他人的感觉中走出来。故选D。‎ ‎2．What can we infer about Danielle from the passage?‎ A．She is a thoughtful mother.‎ B．She is good at making bunny dolls.‎ C．She believes in her daughter's cure.‎ D．She likes a bunny doll with one eye.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查推理判断。由第三段第二句“The girl had started to notice that she was different and her sweet mama read articles about a doll which looks like a child can be helpful and therapeutic (有益健康的)．”可推断出，Danielle是一个体贴的母亲。故选A。‎ ‎3．What did Brynn mean by saying “She matches me！”？‎ A．Her mother was comforting her.‎ B．She was glad to receive the disabled bunny doll.‎ C．She only deserved to own the disabled bunny doll.‎ D．She felt down when she received the disabled bunny doll.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。由倒数第二段“‘She smiled so big and then she could not open the rest of her presents until we got the bunny out of her box and she could show her off to all her cousins and family，’ Danielle said.”及最后一段最后一句可推断出，Brynn非常喜欢这个兔子；“She matches me！”意为“她和我很配！”，这说明她很高兴收到这份礼物。故选B。‎ B ‎[2019·合肥市高三调研]‎ It's not just kids who are overdoing screen time. Parents are often just as guilty of spending too much time checking smart phones and emails. And the consequences for their children can be troubling.‎ Dr. Jenny Radesky is a pediatrician (儿科医生) specializing in child development. When she worked at a clinic in a hightech Seattle neighborhood, Radesky started noticing how often parents ignored their kids in favor of a mobile device. Radesky was so concerned that she decided to study the behavior.‎ After relocating to Boston Medical Center, she and two other researchers spent one summer observing 55 different groups of parents and young children eating at fast food restaurants. “Many of the caregivers pulled out a mobile device right away，” she says.“ They looked at it, scrolled on it and typed for most of the meal, only putting it down occasionally.”‎ This was not a scientific study. Radesky is quick to point out. It was more like anthropological (人类学的) observation, complete with detailed field notes. Forty of the 55 parents used a mobile device during the meal, and many, she says, were more absorbed in the device than in the kids.‎ Radesky says that's a big mistake, because facetoface interactions are the primary way children learn. “They learn language, they learn about their own emotions, and they learn how to regulate them，” she says. “They learn by watching us how to have a conversation, and how to read other people's facial expressions. And if that is not happening, children are missing out on important development milestones (里程碑)．”‎ In the research for her book, SteinerAdair interviewed 1,000 children between the ages of 4 and 18, asking them about their parents' use of mobile devices. The language that came up over and over and over again, she says, was “sad, mad, angry and lonely.” SteinerAdair says we don't know exactly how much these mini moments of disconnection between a parent and child affect the child in the long term. But based on the stories she hears, SteinerAdair suggests that parents think twice before picking up a mobile device when they're with their kids.‎ 体裁：议论文　题材：日常生活　主题：父母玩手机对孩子发展的影响 ‎【文章大意】　该文主要讨论了父母玩手机对孩子发展的影响。‎ ‎【难句分析】　But based on the stories she hears, SteinerAdair suggests that parents think twice before picking up a mobile device when they're with their kids.‎ 分析：本句是一个复合句。she hears是定语从句，从句的关系代词that/which在从句中作宾语而被省略，修饰先行词stories; that引导宾语从句，在从句中不作句子成分；when引导时间状语从句。‎ 译文：但是基于她所听到的故事，SteinerAdair建议父母和孩子们在一起时，玩手机要三思而后行。‎ ‎4．What did Dr. Jenny Radesky find in a Seattle neighborhood?‎ A．Parents ignored their kids in favor of a mobile device.‎ B．High technology made people's life more convenient.‎ C．Children took a much keener interest in smart phones.‎ D．Parents were worried about their children's development.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句“When she worked at a clinic in a hightech Seattle neighborhood, Radesky started noticing how often parents ignored their kids in favor of a mobile device”可知，Jenny Radesky医生在社区里发现了父母玩手机而忽略孩子的现象，故选A。‎ ‎5．How did Radesky do her research?‎ A．By interviewing the caregivers.‎ B．By analyzing data from a clinic.‎ C．By classifying parents' behavior.‎ D．By observing parents and children.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“After relocating to Boston Medical Center, she and two other researchers spent one summer observing 55 different groups of parents and young children eating at fast food restaurants”可知，Radesky是通过观察父母和孩子们的行为来进行研究的，故选D。‎ ‎6．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 5 probably refer to?‎ A．Learning about their own feelings.‎ B．Reading others' facial expressions.‎ C．Watching their parents' talking.‎ D．Communicating face to face.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查代词指代。根据第五段第一句“Radesky says that's a big mistake, because facetoface interactions are the primary way children learn”可推知，此处的that代指的是父母和孩子之间面对面的互动和交流，故选D。‎ ‎7．What does SteinerAdair advise parents to do?‎ A．Comfort their children as often as possible.‎ B．Put down their smart phones while with their kids.‎ C．Reflect on their own influence on their children.‎ D．Allow their kids to use mobile devices sometimes.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据最后一段最后一句“But based on the stories she hears, SteinerAdair suggests that parents think twice before picking up a mobile device when they're with their kids”和对本段的整体理解可推知，SteinerAdair建议父母和孩子们在一起时，不要玩手机，故选B。‎ C ‎[2019·陕西检测二]‎ Hunger has been troubling the world. In 2016, the number of hungry people in the world reached one billion for the first time. It's difficult not to be shocked by the fact that more than one in seven people in the world do not have enough to eat.‎ The UN figures that almost two thirds of the world's hungry people are in Asia, which is of course the world's most populous continent. More than a quarter are in subSaharan Africa. Although this place has a much lower population than Asia, it has the highest percentage of hungry people. Almost all of the rest are in Latin America, North Africa and the Caribbean.‎ There are many reasons for world hunger. They include wars, droughts, floods, and the overuse of farmland. All these factors affect food production. Many people also blame greedy businessmen for pushing up the prices of basic foods in the global market. In fact, many people are starving just because they're poor. Therefore, the most important reason, quite simply, is poverty. If we can't pull out this root,_we'll never be able to solve food shortage.‎ Although many people make the obvious point that there would be less hunger if the global population were smaller, few people would argue that there is not enough food to go around. The basic problem seems to be not a lack of food, but its distribution. In the last 50 years, global food production has risen even more quickly than the global population.‎ There are many areas of the world in which people generally have more than enough food. In those places, being overweight is a far bigger problem than hunger. The answer to world hunger, therefore, may be a balanced food distribution around the whole world. Everyone will have enough to eat, but not to overeat.‎ 体裁：说明文　题材：社会生活　主题：世界饥饿的现状及导致的原因 ‎【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界饥饿的现状以及导致饥饿的原因。‎ ‎【难句分析】　Although this place has a much lower population than Asia, it has the highest percentage of hungry people.‎ 分析：本句包含Although引导的让步状语从句。‎ 译文：尽管这个地方的人口比亚洲要少得多，但饥饿人口比例却最高。‎ ‎8．Which continent has the highest rate of hungry people?‎ A．Asia. B．Africa. ‎ C．America. D．Europe.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“More than... Although this place has a much lower population than Asia，it has the highest percentage of hungry people”的描述可知，非洲大陆有着最高的饥饿率。‎ ‎9．The underlined word in the 3rd paragraph most probably means ________.‎ A．the fact of having many droughts B．the reason for suffering many floods C．the state of being poor D．bad luck brought by wars 答案与解析：C　考查词义猜测。根据上文“Therefore，the most important reason，quite simply，is poverty”的描述可知，画线词指贫穷的状态。‎ ‎10．According to the last paragraph, ________ results in the poverty.‎ A．not enough production B．slow growth of food C．consuming too much food D．imbalance of food distribution 答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。根据最后一段第三句“The answer to world hunger，therefore，may be a balanced food distribution around the whole world”的描述可推知，是食物分配不平衡导致饥饿的。‎ ‎11．Maybe the author would write about ________ if there were a sixth paragraph.‎ A．how to make food distribution balanced B．when to get rid of world hunger thoroughly C．who is to blame for the world hunger D．what to do to help the hungry people 答案与解析：A　考查文章结构。根据最后一段中的“In those places，being overweight is a far bigger problem than hunger.The answer to world hunger, therefore，may be a balanced food distribution around the whole world”的描述可知，也许作者接下来会写如何使食物分配平衡。‎