【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之十八（17页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之十八（17页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之十八 ‎[一]‎ When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list.Music is nice，people seem to say, but not important. Too often it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly not an education priority (优先). This view is shortsighted. In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students.‎ Music tells us who we are. Because music is an expression of the beings who create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well as the social environment it came from. Rock music represents a lifestyle just as surely as does a Schubert song. The jazz influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions. Music expresses our character and values. It gives us identity as a society.‎ Music provides a kind of perception (感知) that cannot be acquired any other way. Science can explain how the sun rises and sets. The arts explore the emotive (情感的) meaning of the same phenomenon. We need every possible way to discover and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason：No one way can get it all.‎ The arts are forms of thought as powerful in what they communicate as mathematical and scientific symbols. They are ways we human beings"talk" to each other. They are the language of civilization through which we express our fears, our curiosities, our hungers, our discoveries, our hopes. The arts are ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be shared with others. When we do not give children access to an important way of expressing themselves such as music，we take away from them the meanings that music expresses.‎ Science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human. The arts do. Music is an important way we express human suffering, celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love.‎ So music education is far more necessary than people seem to realize.‎ ‎[语篇解读]音乐课在学校课程设置中被学生家长认为可有可无，无足轻重；但是音乐有着丰富的内涵，是学校教育必不可少的组成部分，请重视音乐课吧。‎ ‎5．According to Paragraph 1, students________.‎ A. regard music as a way of entertainment B. disagree with their parents on education C. view music as an overlooked subject D. prefer the arts to science ‎[解析]　事实细节题。根据第一段第三句"Too often it is viewed as mere entertainment..."可知。[答案]A ‎6．In Paragraph 2，the author uses jazz as an example to________.‎ A. compare it with rock music B. show music identifies a society C. introduce American musical traditions D. prove music influences people's lifestyles ‎[解析]推理判断题。根据第二段The jazz influence...is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions.以及第二段最后一句It gives us identity as a society.可知，音乐可以识别一个社会。[答案]B ‎7．According to the passage ，the arts and science________.‎ A. approach the world from different angles B. explore different phenomena of the world C. express people's feelings in different ways D. explain what it means to be human differently ‎[解析]推理判断题。由第四段第二句"They are ways we human beings 'talk'to each other."可知。[答案]A ‎8．What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A. Music education deserves more attention.‎ B. Music should be of top education priority.‎ C. Music is an effective communication tool.‎ D. Music education makes students more imaginative.‎ ‎[解析]主旨大意题。文章阐述了音乐的内涵、音乐的功能、音乐的重要性，所以音乐课是需要我们特别重视的。[答案]A ‎[二]‎ Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station – a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world’s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world.‎ Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early-warning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States, Switzerland, and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet – a concern they believe the world at large should share.‎ The Transantarctic‎ ‎Mountain, some of them more than 14,000 feet high, divide the continent into two very different regions. The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountains is a high plateau covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. “West” of the mountain, the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by an ice sheet, but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared, the western part of the continent would be reduced to a sparse cluster of island.‎ While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental experiments, others focus on the mysterious “dry valley” of Antarctica, valleys that contain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Slashed through the mountains of southern Victoria Land, these valleys once held enormous glaciers that descended 9,000 feet from the polar plateau to the Ross‎ ‎Sea. Now the glaciers are gone, perhaps a casualty of the global warming trend during the 10,000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blasted out by vicious winds that roars down from the polar plateau to the sea. Left bare are spectacular gorges, rippled fields of sand dunes, clusters of boulders sculptured into fantastic shapes by 100-mile-an-hour winds, and an aura of extraterrestrial desolation.‎ Despite the unearthly aspect of the dry valleys, some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of the verdant parts of the earth. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleys may soak up pollutants faster than pollutants enter them.‎ ‎1.What is the best title for this passage?‎ ‎[A] Antarctica and environmental Problems.‎ ‎[B]Antarctica: Earth’s Early-Warning station.‎ ‎[C] Antarctica: a Unique Observation Post.‎ ‎[D] Antarctica: a Mysterious Place.‎ ‎2.What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared?‎ ‎[A] The western part of the continent would be disappeared.‎ ‎[B]The western part of the continent would be reduced.‎ ‎[C] The western part of the continent would become scattered Islands.‎ ‎[D] The western part of the continent would be reduced to a cluster of Islands.‎ ‎3.Why are the Dry‎ ‎Valleys left bare?‎ ‎[A] Vicious wind blasts the snow away.‎ ‎[B]It rarely snows.‎ ‎[C] Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind.‎ ‎[D] Sand dunes.‎ ‎4.Which of the following is true?‎ ‎[A] The “Dry‎ ‎Valleys” have nothing left inside.‎ ‎[B]The “Dry Valleys” never held glaciers.‎ ‎[C] The “Dry‎ ‎Valleys” may carry a message of hope for the verdant.‎ ‎[D] The “Dry‎ ‎Valleys” are useless to scientists.‎ 这是一篇有关南极洲科研考察的重要性的科普文章。采用因果，点面结合写法。首先提出：由于南极洲远离污染，又不同于其它任何地方，普遍存在着复杂的地质和生态环境，所以这块地方就可能得到更敏锐又易解释的科学测量结果。它成了监察世界环境变化的观察哨和空间站，后面几段就写了进行考察的方面和结果。‎ ‎1.A 南极洲和环境问题。B. 南极洲：地球最早的报警战。C.南极洲：独一无二的观察哨。D. 南极洲：神秘的地方。三项都是总内容众的组成部分。‎ ‎2.D 大陆西部成为一群岛屿。第三段“横断南极的山脉，有的高达一万四千多英尺，把这大陆分成情况各异的两个地区。山脉以东的大陆部分是由差不多两英里厚的冰层覆盖的高原；山脉以西，即美洲以南的半个大陆也为冰层所覆盖。可是，这里冰层覆盖在大大低于海平面的岩石。如果西南极洲冰层消失，那这大陆西部将成为稀疏的岛群。”‎ ‎3.C 因为地球变暖和狂风劲吹。在第四段：“……这些干谷甚至在寒冬季节也很少有冰雪。它们插在南维多利亚陆地的山脉中，……..”‎ ‎4.C 他们可能为地球上绿色地区带来了希望的信息。答案是第五段第一句“尽管干谷具有神秘的一面，科学家却相信他们可能为地球上葱绿的地方带来了希望的信息。”‎ ‎[三]‎ Although the top men in smuggling business must work together, most of a syndicate’s small fry, especially the mules, know only their immediate contacts. If caught there is little they can give away. A mule probably will not even know the name of the person who gives him his instructions, nor how to get in touch with him. Usually he even does not know the person to whom he has to ‎ make delivery. He will be told just to sit tight in a certain hotel or bar until someone contacts him. In this way if he is blown, coming through airport customs he cannot unwittingly lead agents to the next link in the chain. All the persons at the receiving end do is to hang around the airport among the waiting crowd, and see that the mule comes through safely. If he does not, he is dimply written off as a loss. To make identification of mules easier, several syndicates have devised their own “club ties” so that a mule wearing one can immediately be picked out. ‎ Mules often receive careful training before embarking on their first journey. One Beirut organization, for example, uses a room with three airline seats in it. There the trainee mules sit for hours on end wearing weighted smuggling vests beneath their clothes, so that they become accustomed to standing up after a long flight in a natural way, and without revealing what they are carrying. An outfit in Brussels maintained a comfortable apartment where the mules could relax and get a firm grip on themselves on the night before their first journey; they were helped to dress before setting out for the airport in the morning. More often than not a courier will not know precisely where he is going or what flight number is until he is actually handed his tickets at the airport. This prevents the careless boast in some bar or to a girl friend the night before.‎ Mules occasionally run off with the goods to keep the profit themselves. As insurance against this, a syndicate often sends a high-up on the same plane to keep a wary eye on couriers, particularly new ones. Even then things can go badly wrong. One international currency smuggler who was having trouble getting money out of Britain was offered help by a group of men who said they were in a position to “fix thing” – for a fee of course. Foolishly, the smuggler agreed to accept their help. When he got to London’s Heathrow Airport, he handed over to one of the men a black suitcase containing nearly $‎90,000 in cash, destined for Frankfurt. Just to keep an eye on things, the smuggler went along on the same plane. When they landed at Frankfurt he was handed back his suitcase. He beat a straight path to the men’s toilet, opened the case, and found only old clothes. The courier had switched suitcase en route, but the smuggler could hardly run to the police and complain that “the man who was smuggling money out of England for me has stolen it.”‎ ‎1.What is a “mule”?‎ ‎[A] A person who sends smuggling goods for a syndicate is called mule.‎ ‎[B]A person in charge of smuggling goods is called mule.‎ ‎[C] A person who makes delivery for a syndicate is called mule.‎ ‎[D] A person who receives instructions from a smuggler is called mule.‎ ‎2.The sentence “if he is blown” in line (6) is closest in meaning to ‎[A] if he is arrested.‎ ‎[B]if he is recognized, but not necessarily arrested.‎ ‎[C] if he is recognized and arrested.‎ ‎[D] if he runs away.‎ ‎3.Why does the author give an example in the last paragraph?‎ ‎[A] To show how a smuggler is caught.‎ ‎[B]To show a smuggler is afraid of the police.‎ ‎[C] To show to keep a wary eye on couriers is useless.‎ ‎[D] To show mules may keep the profit for themselves.‎ ‎4.how does a mule work?‎ ‎[A] Jointly.[B]Independently.[C] consciously.[D] Separately.‎ 这是一篇介绍走私分子（绰号为骡子）的文章，采用一般到具体的写作手法。‎ ‎1.C mule，骡子是为走私集团交货人的称呼，绰号。‎ ‎2.B blown原义为：欠账了的，被炸毁的，坏了等。这里指：走私分子在过海关，机场检查处出事，不一定被逮捕。‎ ‎3.D 说明走私分子会把利益归己。最后一段第一句“有时，走私分子带着货物逃跑，把利益归己”。走私集团为防范此事，常常派遣高级人物监视走私人，特别是新走私者，也于事无补。这段的具体例子：“走私者和委托人同机飞行，到法兰克福机场，9万美金也是不翼而飞，走私者已经捞到手。”就是说明走私者可以为自己留下财路。‎ ‎4.D单个干。这在第一段一开始就点明：“走私商的上层人物（头面人物）必须一起工作，而大多数辛迪加的小组织，特别是走私分子，他们只知道他们的直接联系人。一旦他们被逮捕，就没有什么可以出卖的。一个骡子甚至连给他指示的人的姓名都不知道，也不知道如何和此人联系”。‎ ‎[四]‎ The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new law ‎ limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems, and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long. As on Norwegian politician said last week: “We will soon be changed beyond all recognition.”‎ Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university, a large hospital and a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.‎ The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.‎ The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.‎ ‎1.The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to ‎[A] provide more jobs for foreign workers.[B]slow down the rate of its development.‎ ‎[C] sell the oil it is producing abroad.[D] develop more quickly than at present.‎ ‎2.The Norwegian Government has tried to ‎[A] encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources.‎ ‎[B]prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway.‎ ‎[C] help the oil companies solve many of their problems.‎ ‎[D] keep the oil industry to something near its present size.‎ ‎3.According to the passage, the oil industry might lead northern Norway to ‎[A] the development of industry.[B]a growth in population.‎ ‎[C] the failure of the development programme.‎ ‎[D] the development of new towns.‎ ‎4.In the south, one effect to the development of the oil industry might be ‎[A] a large reduction on unemployment.[B]a growth in the tourist industry.‎ ‎[C] a reduction in the number of existing industries.‎ ‎[D] the development of a number of service industries.‎ ‎5.Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because ‎[A] they form such a large part of Norwegian ideal.‎ ‎[B]their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal.‎ ‎[C] their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society.‎ ‎[D] they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life.‎ 文章论述“挪威政府意欲控制石油工业”。采用对比写法。先提出政府新政策的种种限制。但石油工业有办法对付。人们都认为限制难以长久。其次讲述，从战时起，挪威政府一直执行开发北极圈北部地区的发展规划，也取得成功。但石油工业已经开始向南方进军，北方政策可能会失败。石油工业之影响超出北方，有些企业缩小，减少。最后一段是讲争论的焦点：石油对挪威生活方式构成了威胁，具体表现在对挪威理想的代表――渔民和农民的威胁。‎ ‎1.B 减慢发展速率。文章开始就阐明挪威政府正竭尽全力把石油工业控制起来，制定新法律来限制勘探开采，限制产量，限制雇佣外国工人人数。‎ ‎2.D 使石油工业保持在接近现在的规模。‎ ‎3.C 发展规划的失败。这在第二段最后一句：“可是石油工业已经开始把人们吸引到南方去，所以不出几年，整个北方政策可能成泡影。”‎ ‎4.C 现存工业数的减少。第三段开始“可是石油工业的影响并不仅仅限于北方。近百分之一百的就业率，使每个人都见到发展的势头，服务业和旅游业的好多工人转向石油工业。某些较小的工业，在从国外购进货物更便宜的情况下，很可能会全部消失。”这说明工业数减少。‎ ‎5.B 他们的生活和价值代表了挪威人的理想。‎ A.他们组成了那么大一部分挪威理想。C.他们的工作对挪威社会的其他方面非常有用。D.他们认为石油是对挪威生活方式的威胁。最后一段第一句话：“‎ 对石油真正的争论点是它对挪威生活方式的一种威胁。”并不是他们认为威胁。‎ ‎[五]‎ We already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow climate change: Use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or more - doing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets.‎ Not long ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new diet - not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change. Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster than predicted only a few years ago，and that the consequences could be severe if we don' t keep reducing emissions (排放) of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere.‎ We decided to try an experiment. For one month we recorded our personal emissions of CO2. We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict diet. The average US household(家庭) produces about 150 pounds of CO2 a day by doing common place things like turning on airconditioning or driving cars. That' s more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average, mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses. But how much should we try to reduce?‎ For an answer, I checked with Tim Flannery, author of The Weather Makers: How Man Is Changing the Climate and What It Means for Life on Earth.in his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissions to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping_points，such as the melting (融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica. "To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2 emissions by 80 percent，" he said.‎ Good advice, I thought .I' d opened our bedroom windows to let in the wind. We' d gotten so used to keeping our airconditioning going around the clock. I' d almost forgotten the windows even opened. We should not let this happen again. It' s time for us to change our habits if necessary.‎ ‎[语篇解读]我们已经知道，减缓气候变化最快、最经济的办法就是少用能源。举手之劳，大部分人就能把所耗费的能源减少25%以上，并能减少CO2的排放量--一方面爱护地球，另一方面对自己的钱包也有帮助。那我们何乐而不为呢？‎ ‎5．Why did the author and his wife try a new diet?‎ A. To take special kinds of food.‎ B. To respond to climate change.‎ C. To lose weight.‎ D. To improve their health.‎ ‎[解析]细节理解题。依据文章第二段中的"not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change"可知，作者这么做的目的是回答一个令人烦恼的气候变化问题。[答案]B ‎6．The underlined words "tipping points" most probably refer to "________"．‎ A. freezing points B. burning points C. melting points D. boiling points ‎[解析]猜测词义题。在他的书中，他要读者大幅减少个人温室气体排放量，以免世界来到"引爆的临界点"，下面给出的例子"such as the melting(融化)of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica"，可以判断出C项正确。[答案]C ‎7．It can be inferred from the passage that________.‎ A. it is necessary to keep the airconditioning on all the time B. it seems possible for every household to cut emissions of CO2‎ C. the average US household produces about 3,000 pounds of CO2 a month D. the average European household produces about 1,000 pounds of CO2 a month ‎[解析]推理判断题。由第一段和最后一段可知大多数人可以减少能源消耗与温室气体的排放量。故选B。[答案]B ‎8．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?‎ A. Saving Energy Starts at Home B. Changing Our Habits Begins at Work C. Changing Climate Sounds Reasonable D. Reducing Emissions of CO2 Proves Difficult ‎[解析]主旨大意题。文章作者通过讲述自己一家人切实有效地减少温室气体排放量的行动，向我们证明了：节约能源从家庭做起，从我做起。故A项正确。[答案]A ‎[六]‎ RichardSolo 1800 Rechargeable Battery In just minutes a day，plug in and charge your iPhone quickly!‎ Just plug RichardSolo 1800 into your iPhone once or twice a day，for fifteen minutes, and keep your iPhone charged up. At your desk, or at dinner, plug RichardSolo into iPhone to instantly transfer charge. No more battery worries. RichardSolo will charge iPhone to full 1.5 times, and it is good for 3 5 years of recharges.‎ Use the iPhone while charging it. Even charge the RichardSolo 1800 and iPhone together at the same time. Take only one charger when traveling and wake up in the morning with the RichardSolo and the iPhone charged.‎ RichardSolo 1800 is largest in its class and holds its charge for months. Works with almost all iPhone cases.‎ Your satisfaction is guaranteed, with our 30day return privilege. If you're not satisfied for any reason, we'll email you a prepaid return label.‎ Actual customer comments：‎ To have your company exhibit such good service is unbelievably refreshing.-P.S.‎ This is what I call great customer support. I wish more companies would figure this out these days. Thank you so much. -D. C.‎ You have provided me one of the best services I have ever seen on any online/telephone shopping.-T.K.‎ You must have the fastest processing and shipping in the industry！！ -M. C.‎ This is the best customer service experience I have had in a long time.-L.L.‎ I've read online about your amazing customer service, and I must say I'm now a true believer. -B. L.‎ ‎[语篇解读]我们对电池充电都习以为常，但这里介绍了一种新款充电型电池。它既能被充电又可以为其他电池充电，顾客给予这种电池以高度评价，尤其是其销售服务。‎ ‎1．How long does it take the battery to charge up an iPhone?‎ A. 15 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 1.5 hours. D. 3 hours.‎ ‎[解析]事实细节题。从第二段第一句可得出答案。[答案]A ‎2．What is special about the battery?‎ A. It is built in an iPhone.‎ B. It is the smallest of its kind.‎ C. It can also be used as a charger.‎ D. It keeps power for about 30 days.‎ ‎[解析]推理判断题。从第二段第四句"Richard Solo will charge iPhone to full 1.5 times..."可知该电池同时又是充电器，这是它与众不同之处。[答案]C ‎3．Who mentions the transporting of the battery?‎ A．P.S. B．B.L.‎ C. M．C. D．T.K.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。从顾客评论的第四条中"You must have the fastest processing and shipping in the industry！！"可得出答案。该句中shipping是"运输"的意思。[答案]C ‎4. The customer comments on the battery are mainly about its________.‎ A. quality B. service C. function D. shopping ‎[解析]推理判断题。六条顾客评论中有三条(1、5、6条)中提到了它的优质服务。[答案]B ‎[七]‎ New archaeological discoveries suggest that trade between Europe and Asia along the Silk Road probably began in some form many centuries earlier than once thought. The findings, coupled with a widening range of scientific and historical research, could add a fascinating new page to the epic of the Silk Road.‎ The latest and most surprising discovery is pieces of silk found in the hair of an Egyptian mummy from about 1,000 BC ，long before regular traffic on the Silk Road and at least one thousand years before silk was previously thought to be used in Egypt. Other research may ‎ extend human activity along this route back even further, perhaps a million years to the migration of human ancestors into eastern Asia.‎ The official origin of EastWest commerce along the road is usually placed in the late 2nd century BC when an agent of the Chinese Emperor Wudi returned from a dangerous secret mission (使命)across the western desert into the remote high country of Central Asia. The agent, Zhang Qian, travelled as far as Afghanistan and brought back knowledge of even more distant lands such as Persia，Syria and a place known as Lijien, perhaps Rome. Historians have called this one of the most important journeys in ancient times. His journey opened the way for what have been thought to be the first indirect contacts between the ancient world's two superpowers, China and Rome. Chinese silk, first traded to central Asian tribes for war horses and to the Parthians of old Persia in exchange for acrobats and ostrich eggs ，was soon finding its way through a network of merchants to the luxury markets of Rome.‎ But the new discoveries show that Chinese silk was apparently present in the West long before the Han emperor started organized trade over the Silk Road. The research could change thinking about the early history of world trade and provide insights into the mystery of just how and when Europe and the Mediterranean lands first became aware of the glorious culture at the other end of Eurasia.‎ ‎[语篇解读]最新的考古学研究表明，古代欧亚大陆之间的主要贸易通道--丝绸之路，其起源可能比我们之前认为的要早许多世纪。‎ ‎5．The word "coupled" in the first paragraph could best be replaced by________.‎ A. produced B. continued C. doubled D. combined ‎[解析]猜测词义题。由第一段第二句的句意"这些发现，综合广泛的、科学的、历史的研究可以增添丝绸之路历史新纪元迷人的一页"可以推知答案为D。[答案]D ‎6．The silk thread found in the hair of an Egyptian mummy suggests that________.‎ A. Egyptians had probably travelled to China to buy silk B. trade along the Silk Road began earlier than once thought C. historical research often achieves fascinating results D. new light can now be thrown on ancient trading practices ‎[解析]推理判断题。由末段首句可以推断出在汉武帝之前就有了丝绸之路的贸易，故B项正确。A项不合常识和事实；C项句意本身没有错误但太宽泛；D项这一事实可以阐明古代贸易实践，不合文意，故排除。[答案]B ‎7．Until recently most historians believed that trade along the Silk Road________.‎ A. originated in the 2nd century BC B. extended human migration into eastern Asia C. began a million years ago D. primarily benefited the Egyptians ‎[解析]事实细节题。由第三段首句可知答案为A。[答案]A ‎8．Historians have always considered Zhang Qian's mission important because they believe________.‎ A. he brought back knowledge of Rome to the emperor B. he discovered the Silk Road C. he helped establish East West trade D. he travelled as far as Afghanistan ‎[解析]推理判断题。由第三段内容可知C正确。[答案]C ‎[八]‎ ‎"Get your hands off me , I have been stolen，" the laptop，a portable computer, shouted. That is a new solution to laptop computer theft: a program that lets owners give their property a voice when it has been taken.‎ The program allows users to display alerts on the missing computer' s screen and even to set a spoken message. Tracking software for stolen laptops has been on the market for some time, but this is thought to be the first that allows owners to give the thief a piece of their mind.‎ Owners must report their laptop missing by visiting a website, which sends a message to the model: a red and yellow "lost or stolen" sign appears on its screen when it is started.Under the latest version(版本) of the software, users can also send a spoken message.‎ The message can be set to reappear every 30 seconds, no matter how many times the thief closes it. "One customer sent a message saying，'You are being tracked. I am right at your door' ，" said Carrie Hafeman, chief executive of the company which produces the program, Retriever.‎ In the latest version, people can add a spoken message.For example, the laptop' s speakers will say: "Help, this laptop is reported lost or stolen. If you are not my owner, report me now."‎ The Retriever software package, which costs $ 29.95 but has a free trial period, has the functions of many security software programs.Owners can remotely switch to an alternative password if they fear that the thief has also got hold of the access details.‎ If a thief accesses the internet with the stolen laptop, Retriever will collect information on the internet service provider in use, so that the police can be alerted to its location.‎ Thousands of laptops are stolen every year from homes and offices, but with the use of laptops increasing, the number stolen while their owners are out and about has been rising sharply.‎ Other security software allows users to erase data remotely or lock down the computer.‎ ‎[语篇解读]随着社会的发展，使用手提电脑的人越来越多，而盗窃手提电脑的行为也变得猖獗。本文介绍了一种新版本的电脑软件，电脑拥有者能够在程序中输入声音，一旦电脑被盗，只要被打开，它就会有规律地提醒盗贼，电脑不是他的，或者帮助主人发泄愤怒。‎ ‎5．The expression "to give the thief a piece of their mind" can be understood as"________"．‎ A. to give the thief an alert mind B. to express the owners' anger to the thief C. to remind the thief of his conscience D. to make the thief give up his mind ‎[解析]细节推理题。根据文章第一段中的"Get your hands off me，I have been stolen"和下文第四段中的"You are being tracked .I am right at your door."可推测出被盗者是很生气的，他通过电脑软件设计出的言语来表达自己的愤怒。所以答案选B。[答案]B ‎6．Different from other security software, Retriever can________.‎ A. record the stealing process B. help recognize the lost laptop C. lock down the computer remotely D. send a spoken message ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据文章第五段第一句话"In the latest version，people call add a spoken message."可知D项正确。A项没有提及；B项的recognize表述错误；C项不是这种新的安全程序所特有的，故答案为D。[答案]D ‎7．One function of the program is that it allows the owner to________at a distance.‎ A. change some access details for switching on the laptop B. turn on the laptop by using the original password C. operate the laptop by means of an alternative password D. erase the information kept in the stolen laptop ‎[解析]细节理解题。根据文章第六段的最后一句话"Owners can remotely switch to an alternative password if they fear that the thief has also got hold of the access details."可知A项正确。[答案]A ‎8．Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the passage?‎ A. With no Retriever, thousands of laptops are stolen every year.‎ B. A new software provides a means to reduce laptop theft.‎ C. Retriever has helped to find thieves and lost computers.‎ D. A new program offers a communication platform with the thief.‎ ‎[解析]主旨大意题。这篇文章主要介绍了一种新的电脑软件，它可以提供多种安全程序，使得电脑偷盗者无处藏身，从而减少电脑被盗。A项太绝对了；C项只是文章的一个小的方面，并不是主题；D项表述错误，不符合文章的意思。[答案]B ‎[九]‎ Societies all over the world name places in similar ways. Quite often there is no official naming ceremony but places tend to be called names as points of reference by people. Then an organized body steps in and gives the place a name. Frequently it happens that a place has two names：One is named by the people and the other by the government. As in many areas, old habits die-hard,_ and the place continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost.‎ Many roads and places in Singapore(新加坡) are named in order that the pioneers will be remembered by future generations. Thus we have names such as Stamford Road and Raffles Place. This is in keeping with traditions in many countries-in both the West and the East.‎ Another way of naming places is naming them after other places. Perhaps they were named to promote friendships between the two places or it could be that the people who used to live there were originally from the places that the roads were named after. The mystery is clearer when we see some of the roads named in former British bases. If you step into Selector Airbase you will see Piccadilly Circus obviously named by some homesick Royal Air Force personnel.‎ Some places were named after the activities that used to go on at those places. Bras Basah Road is an interesting example. "Bras Basah" means " wet rice" in Malay (马来语). Now why would anyone want to name a road "Wet Rice Road"？The reason is simple. During the pioneering days, wet rice was laid out to dry along this road.‎ A few roads in Singapore are named by their shapes. There is "Circular Road" for one. Other roads may have part of their names to describe their shapes，like "Paya Lebar Crescent". This road is called a crescent(月牙)because it begins on the main road，makes a crescent and comes back to join the main road again.‎ ‎[语篇解读]本文议论世界上不同地区的人们以类似的方式为地点命名，如：以先驱者的名字命名；以其他地点的名字命名；以活动的名称命名；以形状命名等。‎ ‎1. We learn from Paragraph 1 that________.‎ A. the government is usually the first to name a place B. many places tend to have more than one name C. a ceremony will be held when a place is named D. people prefer the place names given by the government ‎[解析]推理判断题。从第一段第四句Frequently it happens that a place has two names：One is named...推论可知。[答案]B ‎2. What does the underlined phrase " die hard" in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ A. Change suddenly. B. Change significantly.‎ C. Disappear mysteriously. D. Disappear very slowly.‎ ‎[解析]猜测词义题。从die hard后句．..and the place continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost.的意思可判断die hard的词义应为：消失得很慢。[答案]D ‎3. Which of the following places is named after a person?‎ A. Raffles Place. B. Selector Airbase.‎ C. Piccadilly Circus. D. Paya Lebar Crescent.‎ ‎[解析]　事实细节题。根据第二段的第一句(特别是pioneers"先驱者"一词)和第二句的内容得知：Raffles Place应是指先驱者的名字。[答案]A ‎4. Bras Basah Road is named________.‎ A. after a person B. after a place C. after an activity D. by its shape ‎[解析]事实细节题。根据第四段第一句和第二句内容很明确地判断：Bras Basah是活动名称。[答案]C ‎5. What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A. Some place names in Singapore are the same as in Britain.‎ B. Some places in Singapore are named for military purposes.‎ C. The way Singaporeans name their places is unique.‎ D. Young Singaporeans have forgotten the pioneers.‎ ‎[解析]推理判断题。从第三段最后一句可知。Piccadilly Circus皮卡迪利广场(即伦敦戏院及娱乐中心)。[答案]A ‎[十]‎ How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feelings Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical (经验的，实证的) basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to relaxation.‎ Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota，reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook.‎ In addition to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.‎ Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.‎ Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim(暗淡的) light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax.‎ So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. "We have a very limited number of studies, so we're_almost_looking_at_the_problem_through_a_straw_(吸管)，" architect David Allison says. "How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? That's what we're all struggling with."‎ ‎[语篇解读]建筑师认为房子的设计可影响居住者的思想、情绪、行为，对此科学家进行了理论上的论证。‎ ‎1. What does Joan Meyers-Levy focus on in her research?‎ A. Light. B. Ceilings.C. Windows. D. Furniture.‎ ‎[解析]事实细节题。由第二段"...the height of a room's ceiling affects how people think."可知选B。[答案]B ‎2. The passage tells us that________.‎ A. the shape of furniture may affect people's feelings B. lower ceilings may help improve students' creativity C. children in a dim classroom may improve their grades D. students in rooms with unblocked views may feel relaxed ‎[解析]事实细节题。B、C均属于与事实相反的选项；D项属于移花接木式的错误，由文章倒数第二段最后一句"furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax"可知。[答案]A ‎3．The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that________.‎ A. the problem is not approached step by step B. the researches so far have faults in themselves C. the problem is too difficult for researchers to detect D. research in this area is not enough to make generalized patterns ‎[解析]猜测词义题。根据"We have a very limited number of studies."及"How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad，generalized use of hem？"可知，对这个地区的研究不足以制定出大众化的模式。[答案]D