2020届人教版高考英语一轮复习必修一练习：Unit4课下语篇提能练

2020届人教版高考英语一轮复习必修一练习：Unit4课下语篇提能练

必修一 Unit 4课下语篇提能练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 In China, the “kingdom of bicycles”， people went everywhere by bicycle.However, now as a result of industrialization, from 1995 to 2005, the number of bikes declined by 35% in Chinese cities, while cars and other motor vehicles doubled.This has left air polluted and roads crowded.In China, pollutant levels have risen alongside urban population growth.‎ To deal with this issue, Chinese cities have invested (投资) increasingly in public transport systems like bikesharing.Bikesharing systems have grown extremely in China in the past decade.The first major models started in European cities Amsterdam and Copenhagen in 1968 and 1995 and offered a service through which citygoers could easily borrow bikes to travel around the city.Since then, bikesharing systems have grown rapidly.‎ China now has the biggest and largest number of bikesharing programs.One of the largest programs is the Hangzhou Public Bicycle Service.The system is straightforward — pick up a bike from any station and you can ride for free in the first hour.Need another hour? Pay 1 Chinese yuan for a second hour.Given its ease and cheapness, it's no surprise that an average of 310,000 people use the system every day.‎ However, the adoption of bikesharing wasn't easy at the beginning.After the 2008 Olympic Games, Beijing struggled in maintaining its bikesharing programs, as bikesharing companies suffered heavy financial (财政的) losses due to little government support and little demand.Shanghai similarly struggled in 2014, with citizens choosing to take taxis or to buy their own bikes.Then things started to look up.And now more bikesharing programs, like Mobike and Ofo, are developing quickly.‎ Regardless of how bikesharing systems change in China, it's evident that they've made their mark on China's transport systems, on the way to making the country return to the “kingdom of bicycles” and hopefully regain clean air.‎ ‎1．What contributed to the birth of bikesharing programs in China?‎ A．Rising pollutant levels.‎ B．The population growth.‎ C．The tradition of riding bicycles.‎ D．People's increasing interest in cycling.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To deal with this issue, Chinese cities have invested (投资) increasingly in public transport systems like bikesharing.”可知， this issue应指第一段所提到的“However, now as a result of industrialization ...while cars and other ‎ motor vehicles doubled.This has left air polluted and roads crowded.”，所以说是机动车的增加导致的城市环境污染催生了中国的共享单车项目。‎ ‎2．What can we learn about bikesharing from Paragraph 2?‎ A．It serves as the most convenient transport system.‎ B．It is a common means of transport in Europe.‎ C．It enjoys popularity in most Chinese cities.‎ D．It has a history of about half a century.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段的“The first major models started in European cities Amsterdam and Copenhagen in 1968 and 1995 ...”可知，共享单车已经有半世纪的历史，故选D项。‎ ‎3．What made Shanghai have trouble keeping its bikesharing programs at first?‎ A．Little demand. B．Too many taxis.‎ C．A lack of money. D．No government support.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段的“Shanghai similarly struggled in 2014, with citizens choosing to take taxis or to buy their own bikes.”可知，市场需求少是造成上海最初发展困难的因素。‎ ‎4．What would be the best title for the text?‎ A．Bikes: an ecofriendly means of transport B．The benefits of bikesharing C．The kingdom of bicycles D．Bikesharing in China 解析：选D　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了共享单车在中国的发展过程，故D项为最佳标题。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 Men and women may have different experiences in shopping for clothes.‎ A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in __1__. He knows what he wants, and his __2__ is to find it and buy it. All men __3__ walk into a shop and ask the shop assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock (库存), the deal can be done and __4__ is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat to everyone's __5__.‎ For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants. In that __6__， the salesman tries to sell the customer something else — he __7__ the nearest to the article required. A good salesman brings out such a substitute (替代品) __8__； he may say, “I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size? It __9__ to be the color you mentioned.” Few men have __10__ with this treatment, and the ‎ usual answer is：“This is the right color and may be the right size, but I shouldn't be __11__ my time and yours by trying it on.”‎ For a woman, buying clothes is always done in the __12__ way. Her shopping is not often __13__ on need. She has never fully decided what she wants, and she is only “having a look around”. She is always __14__ to persuasion, willing to try on any number of things. Deep in her mind is the thought of finding something that __15__ thinks suits her. Most women have an excellent sense of value and are always on the lookout for the unexpected __16__. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another __17__ selecting the dress she wants to __18__. It is a tiresome process，but clearly a(n) __19__ one. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting __20__.‎ ‎1．A.detail　　　　　　 　 　 　B．hurry C．advance D．mind 解析：选C　根据下句“He knows what he wants”可知男人购物时，他们要买的东西预先(in advance)就决定好了。‎ ‎2．A.advice B．goal C．demand D．question 解析：选B　既然他知道他想要什么，因此他的目标(goal)就是发现它并购买。‎ ‎3．A.quickly B．immediately C．soon D．simply 解析：选D　所有的男士只是(simply)走进商店向售货员要求他们想要的东西。‎ ‎4．A.often B．constantly C．normally D．finally 解析：选A　如果商店有现货就可以进行交易，交易过程常常(often)在不到5分钟之内就可完成，几乎没有闲聊且皆大欢喜(to everyone's satisfaction)。‎ ‎5．A.confidence B．amusement C．satisfaction D．surprise 解析：选C　参见上题解析。‎ ‎6．A.time B．event C．situation D．case 解析：选D　如果那样的话(in that case)，售货员就会竭尽全力卖给顾客其他东西——售货员会把离这位男顾客想要的东西最近的那件提供(offers)给他。‎ ‎7．A.gives B．offers C．presents D．delivers 解析：选B　参见上题解析。‎ ‎8．A.skillfully B．attentively C．actively D．carefully 解析：选A　好的售货员会巧妙地(skillfully)拿出这样的替代品。‎ ‎9．A.occurs B．happens C．comes D．takes 解析：选B　先生，我知道这件夹克不是你想要的款式，但是你能试一试这件看看尺码合适吗？那碰巧(happens)是你提到的那种颜色。‎ ‎10．A.patience B．interest C．expectation D．experience 解析：选A　根据上文男士购物特点的介绍可知，很少的男士会对这种服务有耐心(patience)。‎ ‎11．A.losing B．spending C．giving D．wasting 解析：选D　这件的颜色和大小可能都合适，但我不应该通过试穿它来浪费(wasting)你我的时间。‎ ‎12．A.same B．clever C．opposite D．similar 解析：选C　根据文章第一段可知，男女在购买衣服方面有不同的体验。所以对于女士来说，她们总是以与男士相反的(opposite)方式购买衣服。‎ ‎13．A.relied B．based C．done D．related 解析：选B　女士购物经常不是基于需要。be based on“基于……”；be relied on“被依赖”。‎ ‎14．A.open B．ready C．close D．happy 解析：选A　根据后半句中的“willing to try on any number of things”可知，女士总是乐于接受(be open to)劝导。‎ ‎15．A.nobody B．somebody C．everybody D．anybody 解析：选C　在女性购物者内心深处是想找到每个人(everyone)都认为适合她的东西。‎ ‎16．A.deal B．surprise C．luck D．bargain 解析：选D　根据上文(大多数女性都有超高的价值意识)可推知，女性购物者总是对意外的便宜货(bargain)很留意。‎ ‎17．A.after B．as C．before D．by 解析：选C　面对满屋子的衣服，女性购物者可能会很容易花一个小时从一个服装架走到另一个服装架才(before)会选中自己想要试穿(try on)的衣服。‎ ‎18．A.try on B．try out C．try up D．try for 解析：选A　参见上题解析。‎ ‎19．A.tiring B．enjoyable C．boring D．graceful 解析：选B　这个过程很烦人，但对女性购物者来说显然是一种令她们很愉悦的(enjoyable)过程。‎ ‎20．A.customers B．assistants C．wives D．husbands 解析：选D　男士不愿意购物，因此大多数服装店总是给等待女士购物的丈夫们提供椅子。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2019·合肥第三次质检)The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys growing __1__ (popular) in the international world of high fashion. The name “cheongsam” __2__ (mean) simply “long dress” entered the English vocabulary from the dialect of China's Guangdong Province. In other parts of the country including Beijing, however, it __3__ (know) as “qipao”， which has a history behind it.‎ After the early Manchu (满族的) rulers came to China, the Manchu women wore __4__ (normal) a onepiece dress which came to be called “qipao”. __5__ the 1911 Revolution ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty, the female dress survived the political change and, with later improvements, has become the traditional dress for Chinese women.‎ The cheongsam, __6__ neck is high, collar closed, fits well the Chinese female figure, and its sleeves may be either short, medium or full __7__ (long), depending on seasons or tastes. In addition, it is not too complicated __8__ (make). Nor __9__ it need too much material. Another beauty of the cheongsam is that it can be worn either __10__ casual or formal occasions. In either case, it creates an impression of simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness.‎ ‎1．popularity　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作enjoys的宾语，故填popularity，且popularity为不可数名词。‎ ‎2．meaning　考查非谓语动词。空处和句子谓语entered之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词。因为空处和句子主语The name之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。‎ ‎3．is known　考查动词时态和语态。此处是对客观情况的一般性描述，应用一般现在时；it与know之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。‎ ‎4．normally　考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词normally修饰动词wore，在句子中作状语。‎ ‎5．Although/Though/While　考查连词。根据语境可知，上下句之间表示逻辑上的让步关系，故用连词Although/Though/While引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎6．whose　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作定语，应用whose。‎ ‎7．length　考查名词。由空前的形容词full可知，空处应用名词length。‎ ‎8．to make　考查固定用法。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定用法：too ...to do sth.意为“太……而不能做某事”。‎ ‎9．does　考查倒装句。否定副词放句首，句子要部分倒装，即助动词放在主语之前；由本段的时态可知，应用一般现在时，故填does。‎ ‎10．on　考查介词。on ...occasion意为“在……场合下”，为固定搭配，故用介词on。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 Last Sunday evening, my mom and I was enjoying a dinner at a restaurant while a girl at the next table received a call.She spoke in a very loudly voice.Then we learn that she was angry with her sister for using her new camera on secret.Her conversation lasted ten minute, which made other customers really uncomfortable.We were looking forward to a relaxing evening, a good dinner and quiet conversations instead of listen to other people's personal problems.So I think there is anything the restaurant can do.Why not to follow the example of other restaurants in the city by putting up notice telling people not to talk loudly?‎ 答案：第一句：was→were; while→when 第二句：loudly→loud 第三句：learn→learned; on→in 第四句：minute→minutes 第五句：listen→listening 第六句：anything→something 第七句：去掉第一个to; notice前加a