【英语】2020届二轮复习阅读理解专题话题训练学案二十一：热点话题

【英语】2020届二轮复习阅读理解专题话题训练学案二十一：热点话题

‎2020届二轮复习 阅读理解专题话题训练学案二十一：热点话题 Part A　Reading　‎ Passage 1‎ 题材:老年人开车　词数:324　建议时间:7分钟 The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.‎ Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive.‎ Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.‎ These include custom-made navigation(导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations.Phil Blythe explains:“For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”‎ ‎“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging ‎ driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills.The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.”‎ Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains: “The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.”‎ ‎“For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined.We’re looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.”‎ ‎“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”‎ ‎1.What is the purpose of the DriveLAB?‎ A.To explore new means of transport.‎ B.To design new types of cars.‎ C.To find out older drivers’ problems.‎ D.To teach people traffic rules.‎ ‎2.Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe?‎ A.It keeps them independent.‎ B.It helps them save time.‎ C.It builds up their strength.‎ D.It cures their mental illnesses.‎ ‎3.What do researchers hope to do for older drivers?‎ A.Improve their driving skills.‎ B.Develop driver-assist technologies.‎ C.Provide tips on repairing their cars.‎ D.Organize regular physical checkups.‎ ‎4.What is the best title for the text?‎ A.A New Model Electric Car B.A Solution to Traffic Problems C.Driving Services for Elders D.Keeping Older Drivers on the Road Passage 2‎ 题材:生活热点　　词数:356　　建议时间:8分钟 People aren’t walking any more—if they can figure out a way to avoid it.‎ I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel.The journey is a matter of 281 steps.But I used the car.And I wasn’t in any hurry,either.I had merely become one more victim of a national sickness:motorosis.‎ It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune(免疫的),for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs.At that ‎ time,we regarded 25 miles as a good day’s walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours as a sign of strength and skill.It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship.And the effect was lasting.When I was 45 years old I raced—and beat—a teenage football player the 168 steps up the Statue of Liberty.‎ Such enterprises today are regarded by many middle-aged persons as bad for the heart.But a well-known British physician,Sir Adolphe Abrahams,pointed out recently that hearts and bodies need proper exercise.A person who avoids exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly.And walking is an ideal form of exercise—the most familiar and natural of all.‎ It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot.The man walking can learn the trees,flowers,insects,birds and animals,the significance of seasons,the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world.He cannot learn in a car.‎ The car is a convenient means of transport,but we have made it our way of life.Many people don’t dare to approach Nature any more;to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat.To them security is a steel river thundering on a concrete road.And much of their thinking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green. ‎ I say that the green of forests is the mind’s best light.And none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and everlasting.‎ ‎1.What is the national sickness?‎ A.Walking too much. B.Traveling too much.‎ C.Driving cars too much. D.Climbing stairs too much.‎ ‎2.What was life like when the author was young?‎ A.People usually went around on foot.‎ B.People often walked 25 miles a day.‎ C.People used to climb the Statue of Liberty.‎ D.People considered a ten-hour walk as a hardship.‎ ‎3.The author mentions Henry Thoreau to prove that　　　. ‎ A.middle-aged people like getting back to nature B.walking in nature helps enrich one’s mind C.people need regular exercise to keep fit D.going on foot prevents heart disease ‎4.What is compared to“a steel river”in Paragraph 6?‎ A.A queue of cars. B.A ray of traffic light.‎ C.A flash of lightning. D.A stream of people.‎ ‎5.What is the author’s intention of writing this passage?‎ A.To tell people to reflect more on life.‎ B.To recommend people to give up driving.‎ C.To advise people to do outdoor activities.‎ D.To encourage people to return to walking.‎ Part B　Writing　‎ 一、话题语料积累 ‎　　1.话题词汇积累 ‎①　　　　　　[ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn] n.人口 ‎ ‎②　　　　　　[ˈkrɪmɪnl] n.罪犯,犯罪者 ‎ ‎③　　　　　　[tʃiːt] v.欺骗n.骗子 ‎ ‎④　　　　　　[ɵiːf] n.小偷,贼 ‎ ‎⑤　　　　　　[ˈsʌspekt] n.犯罪嫌疑人 ‎ ‎⑥　　　　　　[əˈrest] n.& v.逮捕,拘捕 ‎ ‎⑦　　　　　　[kəˈlɪʒn] n.碰撞,冲突 ‎ ‎⑧　　　　　　[tʃeɪn] n.链条,一系列 ‎ ‎⑨　　　　　　[ˈkɒnflɪkt] n.斗争,冲突 ‎ ‎⑩　　　　　　[det] n.债务,欠款 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[dɪˈlemə] n.进退两难的境地 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈerə(r)] n.错误;差错 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ɪˈskeɪp] v.逃跑;逃脱 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈevɪdəns] n.证据,证物 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈaɪˌwɪtnəs] n.目击证人 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[frɔːd] n.欺骗罪,假货 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[kɪk] v.& n.踢 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈɒpəzɪt] n.相反,对面 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[trend] n.倾向,趋势 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[səˈvaɪvl] n.幸存;生存 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈkɒmprəmaɪz] n.妥协,折中 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈberiəl] n.埋葬 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈbækɡraʊnd] n.背景,幕后 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[kraɪm] n.犯罪,犯罪行为,罪行,罪恶 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈvɪktɪm] n.受害人,牺牲品 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈkɒnʃəns] n.良心 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn] n.保存,保护 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[kənˈsəːvətɪv] n.保守者 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈkɒntrəri] adj.相反的 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[əˈɡriːmənt] n.同意,一致,协定,协议 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˌdɪsəˈɡriːmənt] n.意见不合 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃn] n.移民 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈdʒʌstɪs] n.公平;公正 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈlɪbəti] n.自由 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈvaɪələns] n.暴力行为 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn] n.辐射 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[pəˈluːʃn] n.污染 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈwɪtnəs] n.[律]证人,目击者 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈnju:kliə]adj.原子能的,核能的 ‎ ‎　　　　　　[ˈkraɪsɪs]n.危机 ‎ ‎2.话题佳句积累 ‎①　　　(inspire) by President Xi’s Chinese Dream, everyone talked about his understanding of it.受到习主席中国梦的鼓舞,每个人都在谈论对它的理解。 ‎ ‎②As teenagers, we are eager to have some free time to enjoy 　　　(we).作为青少年,我们渴望有快乐玩耍的自由时间。 ‎ ‎③In my opinion,all the children should have the chance to receive 　　　(educate).依我看,所有的孩子都应该有机会接受教育。 ‎ ‎④　　　(take)in too much fat can result in obesity.摄入太多脂肪会造成肥胖。 ‎ ‎⑤Bikes need much 　　　(little) parking space than cars.自行车需要的停车空间比汽车少得多。 ‎ 二、综合练习 ‎1.词句练习 ‎(1)根据句意及首字母提示填写单词 ‎①We have decided to donate some s　　　 such as pens, notebooks to them. ‎ ‎②His parents have gone to the city to do some o　　　 jobs for money. ‎ ‎③Owing to l　　　 of parental control, they didn’t study hard. ‎ ‎④Parents can’t pay for their children’s education in some l　　　 western regions. ‎ ‎⑤He didn’t pass the exam, so he was in low s　　　. ‎ ‎⑥Lack of parents’ guidance will affect the g　　　 of children. ‎ ‎⑦“Left-behind” children are badly in n　　　 of the care and love from society. ‎ ‎⑧Generally speaking, education conditions in urban areas are better than those in r　　　 areas. ‎ ‎⑨We should take effective measures to ensure the children’s h　　　 development. ‎ ‎⑩I think he has some p　　　 problems, so he has to see the doctor. ‎ ‎(2)翻译句子 ‎①教育部门已经采取措施保证学生有充足的睡眠。‎ ‎  ‎ ‎②有些学生不能和同学相处得好,而其他的同学担心考试。‎ ‎  ‎ ‎③我认为和父母交谈是有必要的。‎ ‎  ‎ ‎④他在玩电脑游戏上花的时间过多,结果落后于别人。‎ ‎  ‎ ‎⑤只要我们多听、多说、多读、多写,我们就会提高英语水平。‎ ‎  ‎ ‎⑥离开教室时,我们绝不应忘记关灯。 ‎ ‎  ‎ ‎⑦她想成为一名时装设计师,因为她喜欢漂亮衣服,也擅长画画。‎ ‎  ‎ ‎2.段落练习 阅读下列各句,调整顺序,使其成为一篇文理通顺的短文。‎ ‎①The packaging of goods becomes more and more attracting.‎ ‎②For one thing, it is thought that the more beautiful the packaging of goods is, the more people like.‎ ‎③Immediate measures should be taken to reduce the cost of packaging.‎ ‎④Only in this way can we reduce unnecessary waste.‎ ‎⑤For another thing, merchants get a high profit from the excessive packaging.‎ ‎⑥In my opinion, we’d better focus more on the quality of goods.‎ ‎⑦The following accounts for excessive packaging.‎ ‎⑧In recent years, with the economy growing, all kinds of goods are flowing into our life.‎ ‎⑨However, the problem of excessive packaging appears, which people are concerned with.‎ 组成短文后的正确顺序为:　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎3.篇章练习 假如你是李华,你的美国网友Mike最近因学习压力太大患上了轻度的焦虑症(anxiety disorders),写信向你求助。请你用英文给他回一封信,就如何处理压力给他一些建议。‎ 注意:(1)词数不少于50;‎ ‎(2)信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。‎ Dear Mike, ‎ I am sorry to hear that you are suffering from anxiety disorders due to great study pressure. ‎ ‎  ‎ ‎  ‎ ‎  ‎ I hope you will find the above helpful.‎ Yours faithfully,‎ Li Hua 单选模拟仿真练　‎ ‎1.That restaurant is extremely popular, 　　　 you may have to wait to get a seat. ‎ A.for B.so C.or D.yet ‎2.Working as a manager, Rebecca found it hard 　　　 between work and her family. ‎ A.balancing B.to balance C.to have balanced D.having balanced ‎3.—Is the project difficult for the students?‎ ‎—No.Most of the relevant information 　　　 to them. ‎ A.has been provided B.has provided C.had been provided D.had provided ‎4.The whole class applauded wildly at the end of the speech, 　　　 greatly encouraged Bob. ‎ A.what B.where C.which D.when ‎5.　　　 full preparations, Tony was quite confident about the coming interview. ‎ A.Make B.Made C.To make D.Having made ‎6.—I am worn out now.I stayed up last night to finish the report.‎ ‎—Oh? You 　　　.The professor asked us to hand it in next week. ‎ A.needn’t have B.wouldn’t have C.couldn’t have D.can’t have ‎7.Once 　　　, the book will surely attract readers’ attention since it is related to people’s health. ‎ A.publishing B.having published C.published D.to publish ‎8.We are going to the theater tomorrow 　　　 all the tickets are sold out. ‎ A.when B.unless C.whether D.because ‎9.—I didn’t know you play the piano.It sounds wonderful!‎ ‎—Thank you! I 　　　 it when I worked in UK. ‎ A.learned B.had learned C.have learned D.learn ‎10.—Are you going to the concert next week?‎ ‎—I’d like to, but I 　　　 an exam then. ‎ A.take B.took C.was taking D.will be taking ‎11.Students show great interest in 　　　 Professor Edwards presents to them in his class. ‎ A.whichever B.wherever C.whatever D.however ‎12.Most people who enjoy travelling believe that travel 　　　 not only our bodies but also our minds. ‎ A.benefited B.would benefit C.has benefited D.benefits ‎13.It was not what Tom said but what he wrote in the letter 　　　 touched his mother. ‎ A.what B.which C.that D.who ‎14.The job position in the advertisement requires that the applicant 　　　 at least 8 years of working experience. ‎ A.had B.have C.will have D.has ‎15.—Have you seen 　　　 film before? ‎ ‎—Yes.I saw it on 　　　 Christmas Day, but I can’t remember the exact year. ‎ A.the;a B.a;the C.a;a D.the;the 答案Topic 21　热点话题 Part A　Reading Passage 1‎ ‎[高级语块]‎ ‎　　1.turn…into… 使(从)……变成 ‎2.in the country 在农村 ‎3.result in导致 ‎[高级句式]‎ ‎1.The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.(短语in order to understand…作目的状语,其中where引导宾语从句,作discover的宾语) ‎ ‎2.But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills.(and连接前后两个并列分句,第一个分句中that引导宾语从句,从句中as we get older是时间状语从句;第二个分句中results后为动名词短语avoiding…) ‎ ‎[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员为了理解老年司机面临的生活挑战和压力而进行的一项研究。他们想通过研究,找到一套切实可行的技术方案,以延长老年人的开车时间,确保他们的开车安全。‎ ‎1.C　细节理解题。由第一段中的in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers和第六段中的is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers可知,答案选C。‎ ‎2.A　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的preserving their independence可以得知A项正确。‎ ‎3.B　细节理解题。由文章第三段和最后一段可知,研究人员希望他们可以研究出一套技术方案,帮助老年司机继续安全开车,故选B。‎ ‎4.D　主旨大意题。由第三段最后一句话中的help them to continue driving into later life可知答案选D。‎ Passage 2‎ ‎[高级语块]‎ ‎1.figure out 想出,解决 ‎2.be likely to do sth.有可能做某事 ‎3.none but 只有,仅 ‎[高级句式]‎ ‎1.It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune, for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs.(to which引导定语从句,修饰 an illness;for连接两个并列分句,表示原因) ‎ ‎2.It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot.(强调句型) ‎ ‎[语篇解读]　本文是说明文,题材为生活热点。步行可以使我们更好地了解自然和自我,这一点是开车所无法带来的。‎ ‎1.C　细节理解题。由第二段最后一句I had merely become one more victim of a national sickness:motorosis.可知,国民的通病就是开车太多。‎ ‎2.A　细节理解题。由第三段中for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs可知,作者小时候的传统就是无论去哪里都靠两条腿,故选择A项。‎ ‎3.B　推理判断题。根据第五段的描述可知,步行可以使人更好地了解自然界和自我。由此可推断作者引用Henry Thoreau的例子就是为了证明步行能丰富人的思维。故选B。‎ ‎4.A　猜测词义题。由画线词后面的内容“thundering on a concrete road在混凝土路面上轰隆隆地移动”可猜测出,作者在这里把a steel river比作川流不息的车队。‎ ‎5.D　主旨大意题。文章最后一段告诉我们,绿色可以净化人的心灵,步行者可以判断什么是基本和永恒的东西。由此可判断作者的写作目的是鼓励我们多步行。故选D。‎ Part B　Writing 一、话题语料积累 ‎1.话题词汇积累 ‎①population　②criminal　③cheat　④thief　⑤suspect　⑥arrest ‎⑦collision　⑧chain　⑨conflict　⑩debt　dilemma　error escape　evidence　eyewitness　fraud　kick　opposite　‎ trend　survival　compromise　burial　background　crime victim　conscience　conservation　conservative　contrary agreement　disagreement　immigration　justice　liberty violence　radiation　pollution　witness　nuclear　crisis ‎2.话题佳句积累 ‎①Inspired　②ourselves　③education　④Taking　⑤less 二、综合练习 ‎1.词句练习 ‎(1)①stationery　②odd　③lack　④less-developed　⑤spirits　⑥growth ⑦need　⑧rural　⑨healthy　⑩psychological ‎(2)①Education authorities have taken measures to assure pupils get enough sleep.‎ ‎②Some of the students can’t get on well with their classmates while others may worry about their exams.‎ ‎③I think it is necessary to have a talk with our parents.‎ ‎④He spent too much time playing computer games, resulting in his falling behind others.‎ ‎⑤As long as we do more listening, speaking,reading and writing, we will improve our English.‎ ‎⑥Never should we forget to turn off the lights when leaving the classroom.‎ ‎⑦She wants to be a fashion designer because she likes beautiful clothes and is good at drawing.‎ ‎2.段落练习 ‎⑧-①-⑨-⑦-②-⑤-⑥-③-④‎ ‎3.篇章练习 One possible version:‎ Dear Mike, ‎ I am sorry to hear that you are suffering from anxiety disorders due to great study pressure. Here I would like to give you some advice on how to deal with it. ‎ Firstly, you should have a rest if necessary.When you are tired, you can go for a walk with your classmates.Secondly, do not have too much ‎ study stress, which is bad for your health.Thirdly, it is helpful to share your thought with your friends, parents or teachers.‎ I hope you will find the above helpful. ‎ Yours faithfully, ‎ Li Hua ‎ 单选模拟仿真练 ‎1—5 BBACD　6—10 ACBAD　11—15 CDCBA