【英语】2020届二轮复习语法填空学案

【英语】2020届二轮复习语法填空学案

语法填空(一)‎ ‎ (建议用时：40分钟)‎ Test 1‎ ‎(2019·金华十校模拟)For the first time in 94 years, the Palace Museum has extended its opening hours, allowing the public to celebrate the Lantern Festival at night in the ancient palace.‎ About 3，000 lucky visitors received free tickets from the government, among 1.____________ was Zhang Zhifu, a 77yearold public security volunteer. It’s a mark of gratitude for her volunteer work. “It is 2.____________(true) an honor to be granted this special privilege，” Zhang said.‎ To guarantee the 3.____________(safe) of the palace, festival organizers 4.____________(plan) this year’s Lantern Festival event used LED lights rather than traditional paper lanterns and red candles. It’s a fascinating event for visitors to absorb 5.____________(they) in the festive atmosphere in the museum. Discussion of the Palace Museum’s new look lit up social media following Tuesday’s display.‎ Since he became director of the Palace Museum, Shan Jixiang 6.____________(bring) many changes to the world’s 7.____________(large) imperial complex(建筑群). Once in a speech Shan shared his idea about how to make traditional 8.____________(treasure) come alive again. He said, “9.____________ matters to a museum is not how many visitors they have, but how close they are 10.____________ people’s daily lives.”‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了故宫博物院自建院94年以来首次在元宵节晚间对部分公众免费开放，这引发了众多关注。‎ ‎1．whom　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句为非限制性定语从句，且先行词“About 3，000 lucky visitors”在从句中作介词among的宾语，指人，所以应用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。‎ ‎2．truly　解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处所在句子结构完整，应用副词修饰整个句子。故填truly。‎ ‎3．safety　解析：考查词性转换。根据空格前的“the”及其后的“of”可推知，此处应用名词。故填safety。‎ ‎4．planning　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处动词plan与逻辑主语festival organizers之间构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式。故填planning。‎ ‎5．themselves　解析：考查代词。此处动词absorb后的宾语应与逻辑主语visitors保持一致，所以应用反身代词themselves作宾语。故填themselves。‎ ‎6．has brought　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。since引导时间状语从句时，主句中的谓语动词通常用现在完成时，且主语是第三人称单数。故填has brought。‎ ‎7．largest ‎　解析：考查形容词的最高级。此处表示单霁翔对这个世界上最大的建筑群做了许多改善。故此处应用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。‎ ‎8．treasures　解析：考查名词的单复数。treasure意为“珍宝”，是可数名词，再根据语境可知，此处应用其复数形式，表示“传统的珍宝”。故填treasures。‎ ‎9．What　解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，所以此处应用连接代词what引导。注意首字母大写。故填What。‎ ‎10．to　解析：考查介词。close to意为“接近，靠近”，是固定短语。故填to。‎ Test 2‎ There are many reasons 1.____________ college and university students often fail 2.____________(get) a full night’s of sleep. Many American students are away from their parents for the first time when they attend college. They might not be used to having total 3.____________(free) to plan their days and nights. Parties, latenight study meetings, or just time spent relaxing with friends—these are all things that cut into college students’ sleep habits.‎ A few years ago, Michael Scullin began teaching 4.____________ science of sleep to psychology students at Baylor University in Waco‎, ‎Texas. Scullin is an assistant professor at Baylor and the director of its Sleep Neuroscience and Cognition Laboratory. He said his students seemed to enjoy the class and were interested in the material he was teaching. The class 5.____________(center) around why the body needs to sleep and the physical and mental health problems 6.____________(cause) by lack of sleep. These include difficulty focusing on studies or 7.____________(control) one’s emotions, and increased risk of many diseases.‎ The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that adults need at least seven hours’ sleep a night to stay 8.____________(health). Scullin found students who slept more performed 9.____________(well) in two different classes, 10.____________ he published his findings in two academic publications last November.‎ ‎【解题导语】　文章介绍了大学生睡眠不足的问题，以及贝勒大学的副教授的研究发现。‎ ‎1．why　解析：考查定语从句。句意：大学生经常睡不了整夜的觉有许多原因。本空考查定语从句，后面的从句成分完整且前面的先行词是reasons。故填why。‎ ‎2．to get　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处表示大学生睡不了整夜的觉。fail to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“未能做某事”。故填to get。‎ ‎3．freedom　解析：考查词性转换。句意：他们可能不习惯完全自由地去计划自己的白天与晚上。形容词后应用名词，作having的宾语。故填freedom。‎ ‎4．the　解析：考查冠词。句意：几年前，迈克尔·斯卡林开始教在得克萨斯州韦科市贝勒大学读心理学专业的学生睡眠科学。teach为及物动词，后可直接接宾语，空后是名词，此处应填冠词，具体科学前常用定冠词。故填the。‎ ‎5．centered　解析：考查动词的时态。句意：该课以研究人体为什么要睡觉和由睡眠不足引起的身体与精神方面的健康问题为中心。根据上文中的时间状语“A few years ago”可知，‎ 研究发生在几年前，故此处应用一般过去时。故填centered。‎ ‎6．caused　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。problems与cause之间为逻辑上的被动关系，此处应用cause的过去分词作problems的后置定语。故填caused。‎ ‎7．controlling　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这些(身心问题)包括专心学习或控制情绪方面的困难以及增加的(患上)许多疾病的风险。(have) difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定用法，意为“做某事有困难”，且设空处与前面的focusing并列，形式应保持一致。故填controlling。‎ ‎8．healthy　解析：考查词性转换。此处表示成年人每晚需要至少七小时的睡眠来保持健康。stay healthy为固定搭配，意为“保持健康”。故填healthy。‎ ‎9．better　解析：考查副词的比较级。句意：斯卡林在两个不同的班级里发现睡得更多的同学表现得更好，并且他于去年十一月把他的发现发表在了两本学术刊物上。根据空前的more可知，此处应用比较级。故填better。‎ ‎10．and　解析：考查连词。句意见上一题解析。由句意可知，两个分句之间是并列关系，应用并列连词。故填and。‎ Test 3‎ China‎ has developed a unique festival food culture throughout the years. Eating dumplings is a common folk custom for many Chinese on the day of winter solstice(冬至), especially those 1.____________ live in the north. When midwinter comes, vital movement begins to decline and calm down. In this period, if 2.____________(eat) in a right amount, some nuts such as peanuts, walnuts, and chestnuts are good for one’s body.‎ People in Suzhou‎, ‎Jiangsu Province, 3.____________(be) accustomed to eating wontons in midwinter.‎ According to an old story, during the midwinter feast 2，500 years ago, the King of Wu was fed up 4.____________ all kinds of costly foods and wanted to try 5.____________(variety) things. Then, the beauty Xishi made wontons to honor the king’s wish. He ate a lot and liked the food very much. Later, the people of Suzhou had wontons to celebrate the festival 6.____________(official)．‎ In places such as Shanghai, people eat tangyuan, a kind of small dumpling ball 7.____________(produce) with sticky rice flour(粉). In Yinchuan, Ningxia, people call midwinter the “Ghost Festival”. On that day, 8.____________ is a custom for people there to eat mutton soup and the dumplings in it. They give the midwinter soup a strange name and call it “brain”， which they usually share with their 9.____________(relative). People in Taiwan keep the custom of providing ninelayer cakes for their ancestors. People from the same family gather at their ancestral temples to adore their ancestors in order of their ages. After 10.____________(hold) the sacrificial ceremony, there is always a grand dinner.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。多年来中国形成了自己独特的节日饮食文化。文章重点讲述了不同地方在不同节日的不同风俗习惯的由来和饮食特点。‎ ‎1．who　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少关系词引导定语从句，指代先行词those，指人，应用关系词who。故填who。‎ ‎2．eaten　解析：考查省略句。分析句子结构可知，在if引导的条件状语从句中，省略的主语跟主句中的主语一致，是some nuts，且与动词eat构成被动关系，此处省略了主语和are。故填eaten。‎ ‎【知识拓展】　在if, once, though, when, while, unless等引导的状语从句中，若主从句主语一致，且从句谓语动词中含有be动词时，省略从句中的主语和be动词。如：‎ Unless (he is) invited, he won’t go to the party.‎ Though (he is) young, he knows a lot about the city.‎ I met an old friend when/while (I was) walking in the street.‎ ‎3．are　解析：考查动词的时态与主谓一致。根据语境，此处时态为一般现在时，且主语People为复数，此处应用are。故填are。‎ ‎4．with　解析：考查介词。feed up with意为“给某人以充足的或有营养的食物，使对……厌烦”，为固定搭配。故填with。‎ ‎5．various　解析：考查词性转换。此处应用形容词修饰名词“things”，various意为“多种多样的”。故填various。‎ ‎6．officially　解析：考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词celebrate，officially意为“正式地”。故填officially。‎ ‎7．produced　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，dumpling ball与produce之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，因此应用过去分词作后置定语。故填produced。‎ ‎8．it　解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处构成句式“It is＋名词/形容词＋for sb.＋to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事……”，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填it。‎ ‎9．relatives　解析：考查名词的单复数。根据their可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填relatives。‎ ‎10．holding　解析：考查非谓语动词。介词After后应接动名词形式。故填holding。‎ Test 4‎ As the effects of global warming, rising seas and natural disasters become more serious 1.____________ before, some local communities are taking action. Among them is one community in Florida 2.____________ local people and government officials are proving successful in protecting 3.____________(coast) cities from the dangers of rising sea levels.‎ The community has studied how much sea levels will rise and has suggested 4.____________(way) to address the problem. It has persuaded the state government 5.____________(ban) new developments on land near the coastline and recommended building sand dunes(沙丘) along beaches. Kristin Jacobs, one of the group’s founders, decided to take action in ‎ 2008 after it became 6.____________(gradual) clear that her state’s water authorities couldn’t agree on joint(联合的) action.‎ While some Florida government officials doubt whether the climate will become hotter or 7.____________(cold), the people 8.____________(live) in these locations are certain of the need to protect their communities.‎ At present, coming up with ways to fight against the effects of climate change under a limited budget 9.____________(be) a pressing concern. Only time will tell whether these coastal communities will succeed in 10.____________ end.‎ ‎【解题导语】　随着气候变暖的影响，海平面上升及自然灾害均会给人类带来毁灭性打击。为此，位于佛罗里达州的一个社区的人们积极采取行动来保护自己赖以生存的家园。‎ ‎1．than　解析：考查连词。句意：由于全球变暖的影响，海平面上升和自然灾害变得比以前更加严重，当地的一些社区正在采取行动。根据设空处前的more serious及设空处后的before可知，此处表示比较意义。故填than。‎ ‎2．where　解析：考查定语从句。句意：其中一个是佛罗里达州的一个社区，在保护沿海城市免受海平面上升的威胁方面，当地的人们和政府官员(的做法)证明是成功的。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中引导定语从句，先行词为Florida，表示地点，设空处在从句中充当地点状语，故应用where引导该从句。故填where。‎ ‎3．coastal　解析：考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。设空处在句中修饰名词cities，应用形容词。故填coastal。‎ ‎4．ways　解析：考查名词单复数。句意：社区研究了海平面上升的程度，并提议解决问题的方法。此处way意为“方法”，是可数名词，根据句意及语境可知，此处指不止一种方法，故应用复数形式。故填ways。‎ ‎5．to ban　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：社区劝说州政府禁止在海岸线附近开发新的土地并建议沿着海滩建起沙丘。persuade...to do...为固定搭配，意为“劝说……做……”，故此处应用不定式to ban作persuade的宾语补足语。故填to ban。‎ ‎6．gradually　解析：考查词性转换。句意：克里斯汀·雅各布斯是这个组织的创建者之一，在逐渐了解到州内各水利局就联合行动不能达成统一的意见之后，她于2008年决定采取行动。设空处修饰形容词clear，应用副词，故填gradually。‎ ‎7．colder　解析：考查形容词的比较等级。句意：尽管佛罗里达州有些政府官员怀疑气候是否会变得更热或更冷，但住在这些地区的人们确定需要保护他们的社区。根据并列连词or及之前的hotter可知，此处表示比较意义，应用形容词的比较级。故填colder。‎ ‎8．living　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可知，设空处修饰主语the people，且与the people之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填living。‎ ‎9．is　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：如今，在财力受限的情况下，‎ 提出对抗气候变化影响的方法是迫切的问题。句中“coming up with ways...”是动名词短语，为本句主语，其谓语动词应用单数形式，且根据本句时间状语At present可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填is。‎ ‎10．the　解析：考查冠词。句意：只有时间会说明这些沿海社区(的举措)最终是否会成功。in the end是固定搭配，意为“最终，最后”。故填the。‎ 语法填空(二)‎ ‎ (建议用时：40分钟)‎ Test 1‎ With the passing of 2018 and Spring Festival, we 1.____________(start) a new important year already.‎ This year is one of the final stepping stones to becoming a 2.____________(moderate) prosperous society in 2020. Meanwhile, 2019 marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. To prepare for 2019, the government made 3.____________(it) economic agenda(事项) clear at the Central Economic Work Conference, 4.____________(attend) by the country’s leaders in Beijing in December.‎ Great attention will keep on 5.____________(pay) to China’s growth performance in 2019. To meet the target of doubling 2010 GDP by the end of 2020, it needs to average about 6.3 percent this year and next.‎ Meanwhile, China will host the second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation in April. At this event, the Belt and Road Initiative, 6.____________ has huge potential to drive economic growth, will take greater shape.‎ This year is also likely to pave the way for a number of technological 7.____________(advance). China is expected to roll out 5G, the next generation of 8.____________(wire) technology, next year. It’s up to 100 times faster 9.____________ the current 4G technology.‎ It will be a year for China to reflect 10.____________ its past and future direction.‎ ‎【解题导语】　2019年是中国经济发展至关重要的一年，这一年中国政府将采取各项举措进一步发展中国经济。‎ ‎1．have started　解析：考查动词的时态。句意：度过了2018年和春节，我们已经开启了崭新的重要的一年。根据语境和空后的already可知，此空应用现在完成时。故填have started。‎ ‎2．moderately　解析：考查词性转换。句意：这一年是在2020年全面建成小康社会最后的垫脚石之一。此处修饰形容词prosperous，应用副词。故填moderately。‎ ‎3．its　解析：考查代词。句意：为了为2019年做好准备，政府部门在国家领导人参加的于12月在北京召开的中央经济工作会议上明确了经济议程。空后有名词短语economic agenda，应用形容词性物主代词，指代the government’s。故填its。‎ ‎4．attended　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。本句已有谓语made，‎ 且设空处与谓语之间无连词连接，故应用非谓语形式作后置定语。根据空后的by可知，此处表示被动关系，应用过去分词。故填attended。‎ ‎5．being paid　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：2019年(社会各界)将持续关注中国的发展状况。Great attention与pay之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词，又因为keep on doing sth.是固定搭配，故填being paid。‎ ‎6．which　解析：考查定语从句。句意：在这一活动中，有刺激经济增长的巨大潜力的“一带一路”倡议将更加完善。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，引导词指代“the Belt and Road Initiative”，并且在定语从句中作主语。故填which。‎ ‎7．advances　解析：考查名词单复数。句意：这一年也可能是为众多的科技进步铺路的一年。advance作“进步，发展”讲时，是可数名词，且“a number of”通常修饰可数名词复数。故填advances。‎ ‎8．wireless　解析：考查词性转换。句意：中国明年有望推出无线技术的下一代——5G技术。此处指代无线技术，修饰名词technology，应用形容词。故填wireless。‎ ‎9．than　解析：考查连词。句意：它(5G技术)的速度将比现有的4G技术快达100倍。根据“100 times faster”可知，此处是把5G技术与4G技术进行比较，用的是比较级，than是比较级的标志词。故填than。‎ ‎10．on　解析：考查介词。句意：这一年，中国将认真思考其过去和未来的方向。reflect on是固定短语，意为“反省；仔细思考”。故填on。‎ Test 2‎ ‎(2019·浙江第二次联盟校联考) “Made in China” is having its moment now—and it’s a fashionable one.‎ The story of Chinese fashion 1.____________(begin) in 2011 when Feiyue and Huili, both Chinese sneaker brands, suddenly gained international attention. Last year, LiNing was at the New York Fashion Week in September.‎ The latest Chinese brands are no longer promoting 2.____________(them) on the basis of their cheapness. They are 3.____________(impress) and ambitious and can go forward 4.____________(head) with foreign brands.‎ And this ambition may be due to the fact 5.____________ China’s young people are now more confident about their own culture. Western culture doesn’t have the instant appeal 6.____________ the young that it once had. “Today’s young people in China are passionate about Chinese cultural elements，” Jin Qu, vice president of YOHO, 7.____________ urban clothing shopping website in China, said at a cultural festival in November.‎ In fact, a lot of 8.____________(celebrity) in the West now have an interest in Chinese cultural elements in fashion. US singer Robyn Rihanna Fenty, for example, wore a shiny and 9.____________(heavy) decorated yellow gown to the 2015 Met Gala to match the gala’s theme “China: Through the Looking Glass”. The gown was from Chinese designer Guo‎ ‎Pei.‎ The Chinese want to replace the words “Made in China” with “10.____________(design) in China”．‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文讲述的是中国品牌正成为一种新时尚，最新的中国品牌不再低价促销，而开始由“中国制造”向“中国设计”转变。‎ ‎1．began　解析：考查动词的时态。句意：中国时尚的故事源于2011年，也就是中国的两大运动品牌飞跃和回力突然受到国际关注的时候。根据时间状语in 2011及when引导的时间状语从句中的gained可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填began。‎ ‎2．themselves　解析：考查代词。句意：最新的中国品牌不再以价格低廉为卖点来推销自己。主语为“The latest Chinese brands”，可用they指代，主语和宾语所指为同一事物，所以用反身代词作宾语。故填themselves。‎ ‎3．impressive　解析：考查词性转换。句意：这些品牌令人印象深刻、雄心勃勃，并能与国外品牌共同向前发展。设空处与ambitious并列作表语，应用形容词。故填impressive。‎ ‎4．to head　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。go forward to do...意为“为……而发展”，其中不定式作目的状语。故填to head。‎ ‎5．that　解析：考查名词性从句。句意：这种雄心壮志或许是因为现在中国的年轻一代对自己祖国的文化更加自信了。本句为that引导的同位语从句，解释the fact的内容。故填that。‎ ‎6．to　解析：考查介词。句意：西方文化不像过去那样对年轻人有立竿见影的吸引力了。appeal to为固定搭配，意为“对……有吸引力”。故填to。‎ ‎7．an　解析：考查冠词。“____________ urban clothing shopping website in China”作YOHO的同位语，应用不定冠词表示泛指，且urban的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。‎ ‎8．celebrities　解析：考查名词单复数。句意：事实上，现在西方的很多名人对流行的中国文化元素很感兴趣。celebrity意为“名人”，是可数名词，前有“a lot of”修饰，应用复数形式。故填celebrities。‎ ‎9．heavily　解析：考查词性转换。此处修饰形容词化了的过去分词decorated，应用副词。故填heavily。‎ ‎10．Designed　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是省略了主语和be动词的被动语态，和“Made in China”结构一致。故填Designed。‎ Test 3‎ In human history, many ancient and splendid civilizations were born and died. China is the only country 1.____________ uninterrupted human civilization. Chinese civilization was born on the shores of the Yellow River. And the rich land 2.____________Chinese civilization began is Henan Province.‎ The Yellow River goes across 3.____________(center) Henan. It is China’s main northtosouth and easttowest artery(干线). China’s most ancient tribal 4.____________(lead), the ‎ Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor, were born here. Even today, Chinese people all over the world still 5.____________(proud) call themselves the descendants(后裔) of these two emperors.‎ The river holds 6.____________ unshakable position in the heart of every Chinese, 7.____________(respect) by every generation and called “the Mother River”. With intelligence, hard work and determination, Chinese descendants pursue coexistence and common prosperity on this land. The 5，464kmlong Yellow River breaks the last barrier and flows into the broad plain, 8.____________(form) the cradle(摇篮) of Chinese civilization.‎ Till now, the Yellow River 9.____________(raise) 13 dynasties’ capital Luoyang, 8 dynasties’ capital Kaifeng and the biggest economic center in 10.____________(it) area—Zhengzhou.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代文明诞生地——黄河的地理位置和历史地位。‎ ‎1．with　解析：考查介词。句意：中国是世界上唯一一个人类文明没有中断的国家。此处with意为“带有”，表伴随状态。故填with。‎ ‎2．where　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处应用where引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the rich land”。故填where。‎ ‎3．central　解析：考查词性转换。根据空格后的Henan可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，意为“河南的中心”。故填central。‎ ‎4．leaders　解析：考查词性转换及名词的单复数。空格前有形容词“tribal”修饰，此处应用名词；又根据下文中的“the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor”可知，这是两位领导者，应用名词的复数形式。故填leaders。‎ ‎5．proudly　解析：考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词“call”。故填proudly。‎ ‎6．an　解析：考查冠词。此处泛指不可动摇的地位。position是可数名词，其前应用不定冠词修饰，且unshakable是读音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。‎ ‎7．respected　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这条河在每一个中国人心中都有着不可动摇的地位，受到每一代人的尊重，被称为“母亲河”。主语The river与动词respect表示的动作的承受者，二者之间是被动关系，此处应用过去分词作状语。故填respected。‎ ‎8．forming　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：全长5 464公里的黄河冲破最后一道屏障，流入广阔的平原，形成了中华文明的摇篮。主语Yellow River与动词form之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填forming。‎ ‎9．has raised　解析：考查动词的时态。根据本句中的时间状语Till now可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填has raised。‎ ‎10．its　解析：考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词its指代“the Yellow River’s”。故填its。‎ Test 4‎ Official figures show that the number of people taking international 1.____________(flight) is ‎ decreasing, and that this is resulting in significant changes to holidaying habits. As the cost of air tickets increases, 2.____________ appears that more and more families are choosing to spend their summer holidays at home.‎ For many parents, a summer with no overcrowded resorts may seem quite 3.____________(attract), but the idea might well be less popular with teenage children, 4.____________are probably used to flying off to the Mediterranean or Miami as soon as school breaks up. So, the question is, how can young people enjoy themselves 5.____________(thorough) when so much is closed for the holidays, and so many of 6.____________(they) friends are bound to be away?‎ Nowadays, many sports centres organize summer activities aimed at young people 7.____________(interest) either in indoor or outdoor sports. These might range, for example, from playing table tennis 8.____________ going mountainbiking. As well as being healthy and enjoyable, taking part in activities like these 9.____________(be) also an excellent way to make new friends. For the most popular activities, though, it is advisable 10.____________(apply) early for a place, perhaps two or three months in advance.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新兴的度假方式——国内度假及其对青少年的影响等。‎ ‎1．flights　解析：考查名词的单复数。flight是可数名词，根据上文中的“the number of people taking”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填flights。‎ ‎2．it　解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。故填it。‎ ‎3．attractive　解析：考查词性转换。此处应用形容词作表语。故填attractive。‎ ‎4．who　解析：考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是teenage children，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以此处应用who引导。故填who。‎ ‎5．thoroughly　解析：考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰enjoy。故填thoroughly。‎ ‎6．their　解析：考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词作名词friends的定语。故填their。‎ ‎7．interested　解析：考查词性转换。be interested in是固定短语，意为“对……感兴趣”，此处作后置定语，省略了be。故填interested。‎ ‎8．to　解析：考查介词。from...to...是固定短语，意为“从……到……”。故填to。‎ ‎9．is　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上下文语境可知，此处应用一般现在时，表示客观情况；又因主语“taking part in activities like these”是非谓语动词结构，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故此处应用is。故填is。‎ ‎10．to apply　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中“it”作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故此处应用to apply。故填to apply。‎ ‎[长难句分析]　Official figures show that the number of people taking international flights is decreasing, and that this is resulting in significant changes to holidaying habits.(第一段第一句)‎ 分析：本句为一个复合句。两个that都引导宾语从句。‎ 译文：Official figures show that the number of people travelling abroad is becoming less, which causes great changes to holidaying habits.‎ 语法填空(三)‎ ‎ (建议用时：40分钟)‎ Test 1‎ Go(围棋) is a board game for two players, in which the aim is to surround more territory than the opponent. The game 1.____________(invent) in China more than 2，500 years ago and is believed to be the 2.____________(old) board game continuously played to the present day. A 2016 survey found that there are over 20 million current players, the majority of 3.____________ live in East Asia.‎ The playing pieces are called “stones”. One player uses the white stones and 4.____________ other black. The players take 5.____________(turn) to place the stones on the vacant intersections(交叉点) of a board. Once 6.____________(place) on the board, stones may not be moved, but stones are removed from the board if “captured(捕获)”. Capture happens when a stone or group of stones is surrounded by opposing ones on all points. The game goes on until neither player wishes to make another move. When a game 7.____________(come) to an end, the winner is determined by 8.____________(count) each player’s surrounded territory along with captured stones and komi(贴目). A teacher might 9.____________(simple) the explanation by saying to a student “you may place your stone on any point on the board, but if I surround that stone, I will remove 10.____________．”‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了围棋的历史、现状及其基本规则。‎ ‎1．was invented　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据空格后的“more than 2，500 years ago”可知，此处应用一般过去时；且动词invent与主语The game之间构成被动关系，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was invented。‎ ‎2．oldest　解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据语境可知，围棋被认为是延续至今的最古老的棋盘类游戏，此处应用形容词的最高级。故填oldest。‎ ‎3．whom　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“over 20 million current players”，设空处在从句中作介词of的宾语，且指人，所以应用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。‎ ‎4．the　解析：考查冠词。one...the other...是固定句型，意为“一个……，另一个……”。故填the。‎ ‎5．turns　解析：考查名词的单复数。take turns to do sth.是固定短语，意为“‎ 轮流做某事”。故填turns。‎ ‎6．placed　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处动词place与逻辑主语stones之间构成被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填placed。‎ ‎7．comes　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据主句中谓语动词用一般现在时可知，When引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词应用一般现在时，且主语a game表示单数概念，所以谓语动词应用单数形式。故填comes。‎ ‎8．counting　解析：考查非谓语动词。介词“by”后应接动名词作宾语。故填counting。‎ ‎9．simplify　解析：考查词性转换。情态动词might后应接动词原形一起构成谓语。simple的动词形式为simplify。故填simplify。‎ ‎10．it　解析：考查代词。此处应用代词it指代“that stone”。故填it。‎ Test 2‎ China’s staterun news agency Xinhua introduced two newest members of its newsroom at the 1.____________(five) World Internet Conference in Wuzhen. The groundbreaking AI anchors, 2.____________ speaking Chinese and the other English, are the world’s first news anchors 3.____________(base) on the latest AI technology.‎ Chinese viewers 4.____________(greet) with a digital version of a regular Xinhua news host named Qiu Hao. The anchor, wearing a red tie and blue suit, nods his head in emphasis(强调), raising his eyebrows slightly.“Not 5.____________ can I accompany you 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, but I can be endlessly copied and present at different 6.____________(scene)，”he says.‎ The Englishspeaking AI anchor adds, “The development of the media industry calls 7.____________ continuous creation and deep combination with the international advanced technologies. I look forward to 8.____________(bring) you brandnew news experiences.”‎ The AI anchors developed by Xinhua and the Chinese search engine Sogou have already joined the 9.____________(day) news reporting team, reporting news on the agency’s social media platforms. They have immeasurable prospects(前景) for the future news reporting as they could reduce production costs and improve 10.____________(accurate) and efficiency(效率)．‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文介绍了在第五届世界互联网大会上，中国新华社介绍了由新华社和搜狗联合研发的两个AI新闻节目主播，介绍了他们的特点、功能和优势等。‎ ‎1．fifth　解析： 考查词性转换。在乌镇的第五次世界互联网大会，此处用序数词表示次序，故填fifth。‎ ‎2．one　解析： 考查代词。根据后文“the other English”，且由上文可知是两个AI新闻节目主播，因此一个说汉语，另一个说英语。one ...the other...意思是“一个……另一个……”，符合句意。故填one。‎ ‎3．based　解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：具有开创性的AI新闻节目主播，一个说汉语，一个说英语，‎ 他们是世界上第一对以最新人工智能技术为基础的新闻节目主播。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作定语，base和news anchors之间是逻辑上的被动关系。故填based。‎ ‎4．are/were greeted　解析： 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：中国观众经常被一个叫邱浩的新华新闻主持人的数字版本的主播问候。时态是一般现在时或一般过去时，Chinese viewers和greet之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时或一般过去时的被动语态。故填are/were greeted。‎ ‎5．only　解析： 考查固定搭配。句意：我不仅一天24小时、一年365天陪伴你，而且我可以无数次地被复制和出现在不同的场合。分析句子可知，此处是固定搭配not only...but (also)，not only放在句首时，not only引导的句子用部分倒装。故填only。‎ ‎6．scenes　解析： 考查名词的单复数。根据上一题解析句意及前面的different可知，此处用名词复数，故填scenes。‎ ‎7．for　解析： 考查介词。句意：说英语的AI新闻主播补充到：“媒体行业的发展要求不断地创新和与国际先进技术的深度结合。”此处填for, call for意为“要求”。故填for。‎ ‎8．bringing　解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：我期待着给你带来全新的新闻体验。“look forward to”后接动名词，故填bringing。‎ ‎9．daily　解析： 考查词性转换。句意：由新华社和中国搜索引擎搜狗研发的AI新闻主播已经加入了每日新闻报道团队。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰news，故用形容词修饰名词，故填daily。‎ ‎10．accuracy　解析： 考查词性转换。句意：他们对未来的新闻报道有着无限的前景，因为他们可以降低生产成本和提高准确率和效率。分析句子成分可知，此句缺少名词和后面的efficiency一起作improve的宾语，故填accuracy。‎ Test 3‎ ‎(2019·舟山中学考试)The EXPO 2019 is set to showcase the 1.____________(late) trends and achievements in floriculture(花卉栽培), as well as fruit and vegetable food farming at 2.____________ foot of the Great Wall in Yanqing District.‎ An estimated 16 million plant visitors are expected to flock into the capital for the 162day event set 3.____________(run) from April 29 to October 7. Up to now, more than 110 countries and international organizations, as well as over 120 nonofficial exhibitors, 4.____________(confirm) participation. This is set to be the highest attendance in the event’s history.‎ There will be more than 2，500 cultural activities throughout the expo 5.____________ are expected to promote exchanges and cooperation. The event is genuinely innovatory, 6.____________(vary) from the horticultural sector(园艺部门) to many other sectors, like vegetables, fruits and Chinese herbal medicine(中草药). Meanwhile, there will be many hightech gadgets which will provide a better range 7.____________ services, like 5G technology.‎ According to the organizing committee, the site construction for the expo has entered the final ‎ stage. Interior and exterior 8.____________ (decorate), electromechanical installation, and outdoor projects are being finished at the core venues.‎ All infrastructure for 100 indoor and outdoor gardens at the exhibition will be finished 9.____________(complete) at the end of March.‎ This is the second time for China to hold such a highlevel horticulture expo. The first such event 10.____________(hold) in Kunming, Yunnan province in 1999.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了2019年北京世园会，包括其举办时间、举办地点以及参展情况等。‎ ‎1．latest　解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的“the”和空后的名词“trends”“achievements”可知，此处表示“最新的趋势和成就”，表示最高级，故填latest。‎ ‎2．the　解析：考查冠词。固定短语at the foot of ...，意为“在……脚下”。‎ ‎3．to run　解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，这里用动词不定式表示将来。‎ ‎4．have confirmed　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据前面的时间状语“Up to now”可知应用现在完成时，且主语为复数，故填have confirmed。‎ ‎5．which/that　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词activities，从句中缺少主语，故填which/that。‎ ‎6．varying　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句主语The event和动词vary构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故填varying。‎ ‎7．of　解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“提供一系列更好的服务”， a range of “一系列”为固定用法。‎ ‎8．decoration　解析：考查词性转换。根据语境可知，此处表示“室内外装饰”，应用名词，且decoration作“装饰”讲时为不可数名词，故填decoration。‎ ‎9．completely　解析：考查副词。修饰动词finished应用副词completely。‎ ‎10．was held　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据该句中的时间状语in 1999可知，应用一般过去时；主语“The first such event”和hold之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ Test 4‎ China, which is proud of its great inventions in ancient times, has once again shown its ability to change the world with its “four new great inventions”： highspeed rail, mobile payments, bikesharing and ecommerce. The four innovative(创新的) ways of life were most appealing to youths from 20 countries 1.____________(participate) in the Belt and Road Initiative, according to a survey by the Belt and Road Research Institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University.‎ ‎“The ‘four new great inventions’ are all 2.____________(relate) to China’s hightech innovation, 3.____________ improved the quality of people’s lives，” said Wu Hao, executive director of the BRRI. As a huge fan of bicycles, Bernard Schwartlander, World Health Organization ‎ Representative in China, 4.____________(express) his love for China’s shared bicycles, saying that “Shared bikes are bringing cycling back 5.____________ people’s lives and they are making public transport more attractive and convenient.”‎ Rebecca Fannin, founder and editor of Silicon Dragon, noted that China is beginning to lead in innovation in some ways. “This is partly because China skipped over the PC era and went directly to the mobile. China has the 6.____________(large) mobile use in the world.”‎ With regard to the “four new great inventions”， Charlie Dai, principal analyst of American market research company Forrester, said these 7.____________(product)and services have definitely improved customer experience, developing national and 8.____________(globe) economy at the same time.‎ ‎9．____________growing number of foreigners hope 10.____________(promote) economic development in their home countries by stressing the need for technological achievements like that of China.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。中国的“新四大发明”，即高铁、移动支付、共享单车、在线购物，给世界带来了变化。‎ ‎1．participating　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，主语youths与动词participate构成逻辑上的主谓关系，此处应用现在分词短语作定语，故填participating。‎ ‎2．related　解析：考查形容词。be related to 意为“与……相关”，是固定用法，故填related。‎ ‎3．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词为“The ‘four new great inventions’”，且从句缺少主语，故填which。‎ ‎4．expressed　解析：考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，此处描述的是过去的情况，故填expressed。‎ ‎5．to　解析：考查介词。此处表示“将骑自行车带回人们的生活中”，故填介词to。‎ ‎6．largest　解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据语境以及空前的“the”可知，此处表示中国的手机使用量是世界上最大的，故填largest。‎ ‎7．products　解析：考查名词的单复数。product是可数名词，且根据空前的“these”可知，此处应填复数形式。‎ ‎8．global　解析：考查形容词。根据空前的“national and”和空后的“economy”可知，此处应填形容词global。‎ ‎9．A　解析：考查冠词。a number of意为“许多”，是固定用法，故填A。‎ ‎10．to promote　解析：考查动词不定式。hope to do sth.意为“希望做某事”，是固定用法，故填to promote。‎ 语法填空(四)‎ ‎ (建议用时：40分钟)‎ Test 1‎ A Shanghai policeman took on the role of son to help comfort an elderly couple, 1.____________ had lost their own son in a deadly accident.‎ In 2003, Liang Qiaoying and her son 2.____________(expose) to poisonous gas during an accident. The woman survived, but her young son was 3.____________(lucky). And Liang was left mentallydisabled. Her husband, Xia Zhanhai, couldn’t bear to tell her the 4.____________(true) about their son. Instead, whenever his wife asked to see the son, he kept 5.____________(say) that their son had gone to work in another city.‎ In 2010, while watching a television show, Xia Zhanhai was amazed to see an officer that looked 6.____________(exact) like his son. He immediately knew that the young man was the answer to making his wife smile again.‎ With 7.____________ help of the television station and the police station, the couple were able to meet the very policeman on the TV show.‎ The young policeman was touched by 8.____________(they) loss and sadness, and said that he was more than willing 9.____________(act) as their son. Although he still hesitated to call another woman “Mom”， his mother was happy to support his action.‎ Their “reunion” lasted just a few minutes on the show, but it had a lasting influence 10.____________ the sick “mother”．‎ ‎【解题导语】　上海的一名警察通过扮演儿子的角色，去安慰一对因为一场事故而失去儿子的老年夫妇。‎ ‎1．who　解析：考查定语从句。句意：上海的一名警察扮演儿子的角色，目的是安慰一对在一场致命事故中失去儿子的老年夫妇。分析句子结构可知，took为主句谓语，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，并且在从句中作主语，先行词为“an elderly couple”，指人，因此，该定语从句应用who引导。故填who。‎ ‎2．were exposed　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：2003年，梁巧英和她的儿子遭遇了煤气中毒。expose... to...意为“使……置于……(危险)当中”，为固定用法。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语“Liang Qiaoying and her son”与expose之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；根据时间状语In 2003可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were exposed。‎ ‎3．unlucky　解析：考查词性转换。句意：这位女士活了下来，但她的儿子却没那么幸运。设空处与was构成系表结构，因此应用形容词作表语，再结合句意可知，应填unlucky。‎ ‎4．truth　解析：考查词性转换。句意：她的丈夫夏占海不忍心告诉她关于他们儿子的事实。根据空前的the可知，此处应填名词。故填truth。‎ ‎5．saying　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：反而，他妻子无论何时问起儿子，他就说他们的儿子去另一个城市工作了。keep doing sth.意为“不断做某事”。故填saying。‎ ‎6．exactly　解析：考查词性转换。句意：2010年，夏占海看一档电视节目时惊奇地看见一位警察很像自己的儿子。此处修饰介词短语“like his son”，表示程度，‎ 应用副词。故填exactly。‎ ‎7．the　解析：考查冠词。with the help of...为固定搭配，意为“在……的帮助下”。故填the。‎ ‎8．their　解析：考查代词。句意：这位年轻的警察被他们的失子之痛所触动……根据空后的“loss and sadness”(名词短语)可知，该空应填形容词性物主代词。故填their。‎ ‎9．to act　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：……他非常愿意扮演他们的儿子。be willing to do sth.意为“愿意做某事”。故填to act。‎ ‎10．on/upon　解析：考查介词。句意：他们的“团聚”画面虽然只持续了几分钟，但对这个生病的“妈妈”来说却有着持久的影响。have an influence on/upon...意为“对……有影响”，为固定搭配。故填on/upon。‎ Test 2‎ Throughout history people have worn clothing of one description or another. Apart 1.____________ protection against the weather, clothes were also often used 2.____________(show) the wearer’s status and wealth. Over the years, many fashions in clothing have come and gone. While some of these have been popular for relatively short 3.____________(period), others have lasted longer.‎ Until the first half of the 20th century, the ability to follow fashion was limited to those 4.____________ had the money to do so. But following fashion did not only demand money, it also required large amounts of time. Wealthy people took fashion very 5.____________(serious) and close attention had to 6.____________(pay) to details. Wearing the correct clothes for different occasions 7.____________(be) very important, despite the fact that this often meant 8.____________(change) clothes five or six times a day.‎ More recently, fashionable clothes have come within the reach of ordinary people. The 9.____________(tradition) methods of dressmaking, which usually involved sewing by hand, were both costly and slow. But today’s clothing industry has made 10.____________ easier for people to keep up with changes in fashion without having to spend a great amount of money.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文介绍了时尚服装由最初的仅在有钱人中盛行到逐步进入普通人的生活的发展历程。‎ ‎1．from　解析：考查介词。句意：除了抵御天气(的影响)，衣服还经常被用来显示穿衣者的地位和财富。apart from为固定搭配，意为“除了”，故填from。‎ ‎2．to show　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。be used to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“被用来做某事”，故填to show。‎ ‎3．periods　解析：考查名词单复数。句意：其中一些流行的时间相对较短，而另一些持续时间较长。period表示“一段时间；阶段；周期”时是可数名词，此处表示复数概念，应用复数形式，故填periods。‎ ‎4．that/who　解析：考查定语从句。句意：直到20世纪上半叶，‎ 追随时尚的能力只限于那些有钱人。先行词为those，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以填that/who。‎ ‎5．seriously　解析：考查词性转换。句意：富人对时尚非常重视，他们对细节的关注非常密切。设空处修饰动词took，应用副词，take sth. seriously意为“认真对待某事；重视某事”。故填seriously。‎ ‎6．be paid　解析：考查动词的语态。句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可知，pay与close attention之间是被动关系，应用被动形式，且have to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“不得不做某事”，故填be paid。‎ ‎7．was　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：在不同场合穿合适的衣服非常重要，尽管这通常意味着每天要换五到六次衣服。分析句子成分可知，设空处在句中作谓语，主语“Wearing the correct clothes for different occasions”为动名词短语，表示单数概念，故谓语应用单数形式，根据上下文时态可知，此处叙述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填was。‎ ‎8．changing　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可知，本句中that后的从句已有谓语动词meant，设空处在句中作meant的宾语，且mean在此作“意味着”讲，后应跟动名词作宾语，故填changing。‎ ‎9．traditional　解析：考查词性转换。句意：传统制衣方法通常需要手工缝纫，既昂贵又缓慢。设空处在句中修饰名词methods，应用形容词，故填traditional。‎ ‎10．it　解析：考查代词。句意：但今天的服装业使得人们不用花很多钱就能更容易地跟上时尚的变化。分析句子成分可知，本句中真正的宾语是动词不定式短语“to keep up with changes in fashion...”，设空处是形式宾语，故填it。‎ Test 3‎ The Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge, as the 1.____________(long) crosssea bridge in the world, is expected 2.____________(have) 5G service in the future, according to Fang Zheng, vice general manager of the WLAN office of ZTE Corp., the bridge’s network 3.____________(operate)．‎ The 55km Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge, 4.____________ opened on Oct. 23, 2018, connects the mainland province of Guangdong with the country’s two special administrative regions, Hong Kong and Macao.‎ ‎“The Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge now has good coverage of 4G service，” said Fang. “Experts and workers have overcome the difficulties of a complex construction environment and the lack 5.____________ an optical fiber(光纤) to provide tailored 4G solutions for the bridge and prepare for the future upgrading of 5G service. It can be seen as 6.____________ unique application of wireless technology, highlighting the highquality products and 7.____________(advance) technology provided by China’s communication section.”‎ ‎8．____________(actual), the Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge is now ready for the access of Internet of Things, a major business to be achieved by 5G technology. Since the very beginning, the technological base needed for 5G 9.____________(consider) in terms of network architecture, room ‎ for 5G station as well 10.____________ the installment(安装) of fiber.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。港珠澳大桥有望在未来开通5G网络服务。‎ ‎1．longest　解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据语境及空前的“the”可知，此处表示作为世界上最长的跨海大桥，故填形容词的最高级。‎ ‎2．to have　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处表示未来有望开通5G网络服务。此处be expected to do sth.意为“有望做某事”，为固定用法，所以此处用动词不定式。‎ ‎3．operator　解析：考查词性转换。此处表示大桥的网络操作员。故填operator。‎ ‎4．which　解析：考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“The 55km Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge”，且从句中缺少主语，所以填which。‎ ‎5．of　解析：考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处lack为名词，lack of sth.意为“缺乏某物”，为固定用法。‎ ‎6．a　解析：考查冠词。此处表示它可以被看作是无线技术的一种独特应用。application作“应用”讲时，可用作可数名词，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，所以填不定冠词a。‎ ‎7．advanced　解析：考查形容词。此处表示由中国通信部提供的先进技术。此处应用形容词修饰名词technology，故填advanced。‎ ‎8．Actually　解析：考查副词。句意：实际上，港珠澳大桥现已准备好接入物联网，物联网是5G技术将实现的一项重要业务。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处用副词作状语。‎ ‎9．has been considered　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句首的“Since”可知，主句应用现在完成时；主语“the technological base”与consider之间为被动关系，所以此处用现在完成时的被动语态。又因主语technological base为单数，故填has been considered。‎ ‎10．as　解析：考查固定搭配。分析句子结构可知，“network architecture, room for 5G station”以及“the installment(安装) of fiber”构成并列关系，故用as well as“也，还”，其为固定搭配。‎ Test 4‎ ‎(2019·浙江名校新高考研究联盟联考)Calligraphy, the art of writing, was the visual art form prized above all others in traditional China. Painting was contemporary with calligraphy, sharing 1.____________ same tools—brush and ink. Yet calligraphy was regarded 2.____________ a fine art long before painting.‎ The status of calligraphy reflects the importance of the word in China. 3.____________ makes the written words distinctive is its visual form. However, despite its abstract 4.____________(appear), calligraphy is not an abstract form. Chinese characters are dynamic, closely connected with the forces of nature and the kinesthetic(动觉的) energies of the human body.‎ How can a simple character convey all this? The use of brush and ink 5.____________(have) much to do with it. A calligrapher can control the 6.____________(thick) of the ink by varying both the amount of water and the solid ink. Once he starts writing, by loading the brush sometimes with ‎ ‎7.____________(much) ink or sometimes with less, he creates characters that resemble a shower of rocks here and a drop of dew(露水) there.‎ The Chinese written language 8.____________(begin) to develop more than 3，000 years ago and 9.____________(eventual) evolved into five basic script types. Over the centuries, calligraphers were free to write in any of them, 10.____________(depend) on the text’s function. The calligraphic tradition remains alive today.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。书法是中国的传统艺术，它在中国的地位反映了文字在中国的重要性。本文主要介绍了书法的艺术特点。‎ ‎1．the　解析：考查冠词。句意：绘画与书法是同时代的，它们共享同样的工具，即毛笔和墨水。该处特指“同样的工具”，same前常用the。‎ ‎2．as　解析：考查介词。be regarded as为固定搭配，意为“被视为……”。‎ ‎3．What　解析：考查主语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，故用what引导该主语从句。‎ ‎4．appearance　解析：考查名词。句意：然而，尽管其外观抽象，但书法不是一种抽象的形式。根据句意以及空前的形容词abstract可知，空处应用名词形式。‎ ‎5．has　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：笔墨的使用与此有很大关系。此处描述的为客观情况，应用一般现在时，该句主语为The use，为第三人称单数，故谓语动词用has。‎ ‎6．thickness　解析：考查词性转换。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，空处应用名词形式，故填thickness“厚度”。‎ ‎7．more　解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的比较级less，并结合语境可知，该处表示“运用更多或者更少的墨水”，故用比较级more。‎ ‎8．began　解析：考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“more than 3，000 years ago”并结合句意可知，该处陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎9．eventually　解析：考查副词。副词修饰动词，空处修饰动词短语evolved into，故用副词形式。‎ ‎10．depending　解析：考查固定用法。句意：几个世纪以来，书法家可以根据文本的功能自由地使用任何一种类型。depending on“根据，取决于”为固定用法。‎