英语卷·2018届《全国百强校》江苏省扬州中学高二上学期开学考试英语试题解析（解析版）

英语卷·2018届《全国百强校》江苏省扬州中学高二上学期开学考试英语试题解析（解析版）

全*品*高*考*网， 用后离不了！‎ 一、单项选择（共25分，每题1分）‎ ‎1. After graduation from high school we will reach a point we have to decide which university to attend. ‎ ‎ A. that B. what C. which D. Where ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本题考查定语从句。本题先行词为point，在定语从句作地点状语，故选D。‎ 考点：考查定语从句 ‎2. Despite the fact they lacked food, the explorers continued towards the goal. ‎ ‎ A. which B. that C. what D. whether ‎【答案】B ‎【知识拓展】‎ ‎1.that引导同位语从句，在从句中只起引导作用，不做成分，但不能省略。‎ ‎2.despite/in spite of尽管，不管。‎ 考点：考查同位语从句的连接词 ‎3.From his ________ look, we could see that the professor hadn’t expected that we could raise such _________ questions to him. ‎ ‎ A. confusing; confusing B. confused; confused C. confusing; confused D. confused; confusing ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查形容词。句意：从他困惑的表情，我们能看出那位教授并没有想到我们会提出如此令人困惑的问题。Confusing令人困惑的；confused感到困惑的。故选D。‎ 考点：考查形容词 ‎4.A warm thought suddenly came to me________ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday. ‎ ‎ A. if B. when C. that D. which ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查同位语从句。句意：突然一股暖意由然而生，我可以用零用钱给父亲买些花做为生日礼物。A warm thought是同位词，that连接的是同位语从句，对thought的内容进行说明。‎ 考点：考查同位语从句 ‎5. —It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all _______to help. ‎ ‎ —That’s right. Many hands make light work. ‎ ‎ A. hesitate B. reach C. volunteer D. Enjoy ‎【答案】C 考点：考查动词 ‎6.The reason _________ he gave for his being away for such a long time is _________ his mother was ill. ‎ ‎ A. why; that B. that; that C. that; because D. why; because ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查定语从句和表语从句。先行词为表原因的the reason, 且从句中的gave缺宾语, 所以第一空用关系代词that 或which用作gave的宾语, that 或which可以省略; 第二空是由that引导的表语从句, 即The reason …is/ was that…句式。1‎ ‎【知识拓展】‎ reason理由（名词），reasonable合情合理的（形容词）‎ ‎1. reason （1）the reason for sth. /doing sth.为某事或做某事的理由。the reason for his being late 他迟到的理由 ‎（2）reason理由（名词），在句中做主语，后面的表语从句用that引导。The reason was that he had little education.理由是他受教育少。‎ ‎（3）reason理由（名词），作先行词，在定语从句中作原因状语时用why引导定语从句，比如：The reason why he was late for class was that his mother was ill.他上课迟到的理由是她的妈妈病了。reason理由（名词），作先行词，在定语从句中作主语或宾语时用that/which,比如：The reason that/which she gave me was that she had got up late.他给我的理由是他起床晚了。‎ ‎2. reasonable合情合理的（形容词），连系动词后面作表语。‎ What he said sounded reasonable.他说的话是合情合理的。‎ 考点：考查定语从句和表语从句 ‎7.When and where we’ll hold the meeting ________ not been decided yet. ‎ ‎ A. has B. is C. have D. Are ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查语态和主谓一致。指开会这一件事，谓语用单数，应用被动语态。故选A。‎ 考点：考查语态和主谓一致 ‎8.The visitors looked quite _________ by the beautiful view at the top of Mount Tai. ‎ ‎ A. tired B. impressed C. worried D. puzzled ‎ ‎【答案】B 考点：考查形容词 ‎9.Sophie_______ to me, “Martin is said to be related to the murder. ” ‎ ‎ A. shouted B. cried C. laughed D. whispered ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查动词。A. shouted 大喊；B. cried 哭；C. laughed 大笑；D. whispered低语。句意：Sophie低声对我说。故选D。‎ 考点：考查动词 ‎10.My father is __________to come to my house for this winter. ‎ ‎ ‎ A. likely B. possible C. probable D. perfect ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查形容词。句意：这个冬天我的爸爸有可能来我这里。但作表语时possible/ probable不能用人做主语，而likely既可以用人做主语又可以用物作主语。故选A。‎ 考点：考查形容词 ‎11.After a heavy ads campaign, our market share has increased ___15% ___ 60% in Asian market . ‎ ‎ A. with, to B. to, by C. at, above D. by, to ‎【答案】D 考点：考查介词 ‎12.Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player _____________. ‎ ‎ A. of all times B. of all the time C. of all the times D. of all time ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查短语辨析。句意“迈克尔乔丹是有史以来最棒的篮球运动员。”A“永远的，无论何时”；D“一直，始终，有史以来”。故选D。‎ 考点：考查短语辨析 ‎13.You can't imagine ____ boy can do _____ work . ‎ ‎ A. so little, so much B. such little, such much C. so little a, such much D. such a little ,so much ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查固定用法。本题的含义是你难以想象这么小的男孩吃这么多的苹果，such 修饰名词boy，so修饰形容词或副词，若名词前有表示数量的单词much或many等单词时，也用so，故本题选D。‎ ‎【知识拓展】‎ ‎1.so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句,如：This story is so interesting that I want to read it again.（这个故事如此有趣以至我想再读一次.）  2.so+形容词/副词+(a/an)+(单数)复数可数名词／+that+从句,如果句中的名词是单数可数名词,其前就要用 a或an,如果是复数可数名词或者,前面就不用,如： Those are so beautiful flowers that wants to pick them.（那些花是如此漂亮以至那个女孩想要摘下它们.）  3.such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that+从句,如：It is such an interesting story that I want to read it again.（这是一个如此有趣的故事以至我想再读一次.） ‎ 温馨提示：so+表示数量的词many/much/few/little(少)+名词，此时不能用such.‎ 考点：考查固定用法 ‎14.The doctor ____ me to spend several days at the seaside, so that I’ll ____ soon. ‎ ‎ A. considered; hold up B. hoped; bring up C. suggested; take up D. advised; pick up ‎【答案】D ‎【知识拓展】‎ picke up（1）拾起，捡起。He picked up his hat and went away.他拾起帽子走开了。(2)学会，获得（尤其偶然或无意中）。She picked up a lot of information.他偶然得到了许多信息。（3）（用车）去接。The bus stopped to pick up the passengers.公共汽车停下来搭载乘客。（4）恢复（健康、精神）；好转。A bite of something might pick you up.吃一点东西也许能使你振作起来。（5）接收。I picked up Radio Beijing last night.昨晚我收听到了北京广播电台。（6）使增加；加快。The car is picking up speed.汽车加速了。‎ 温馨提示 pick out 挑出，辨认出;pick one’s pocket扒窃。‎ 考点：考查动词和动词辨析 ‎15.All through history, big changes have taken place in ________ English language, especially when Henry IV became ________ King of England. ‎ ‎ A. the; the B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. an; 不填 ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查冠词。In English="in" the English language用英语；第二空不用冠词，是因为独一无二的官职名词作表语或者补足语的时候，不需要用冠词。句意：在历史上，英语经历了几次大的变化，尤其在亨利四世成为英国国王时。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎16.We have dealt with a large part of the problems, and the rest ________ by you. ‎ ‎ A. remains to solve B. remains to be solved C. remain to be solved D. remain to solve ‎【答案】C ‎【知识归纳】‎ the rest做主语，后面的谓语动词在人称和数上和the rest后面的名词保持一致。‎ 考点：考查主谓一致 ‎17.Some of the members demanded to know why they had been kept ______ the true facts until they reached the present critical stage. ‎ ‎ A. in ignorance of B. in the light of C. in honor of D. in view of ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查介词短语辨析。A忽视，不知道；B本着，鉴于；；C为了纪念---；D由于， 鉴于。句意：一些成员要求知道为什么直到如此严重的时候对于真相他们还是一无所知。根据句意说明A正确。 ‎ ‎【名师点评】介词短语一直是命题者常设置的考点和重点，平时要加强记忆。本题的四个选项都很重要，尤其要注意四个短语在具体语言环境中的使用，考生应注意对短语的正确归类和对词义的准确理解。‎ 考点：考查介词短语辨析 ‎18.A new iPhone costs about   of a second-hand one. ‎ ‎ A. the price of three times B. three times the price ‎ C. as much as the three times price D. three times more than the price ‎【答案】B 点评：倍数表达要牢记，倍数表达法是高中英语教学的重点，也是历届高考的热点。当我们要表达甲是乙的几倍时，通常用句型来表示： 1. “A+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B”，表示“A比B大（长、高、宽等）多少倍”。如： 　This rope is twice longer than that one. 这根绳子是那根绳子的两倍长（比那根绳子长一倍）。 2.“A+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B”，表示“A正好是B的多少倍”。如： 　Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。 3. “A+倍数+the size/height/length/width， etc+of+B”，表示“A正好是B的多少倍”。如： This street is four times the length of that one. 这条街是那条街的四倍长。 4. “……times+what+从句”。如： 　The production is now three times what it was ten years ago. 现在的产量比十年前增加了两倍。‎ 考点：考查倍数被动法 ‎19.---Where did you come across your old classmate Jane? ‎ ‎ ---It was in the supermarket _________ she worked _________ I came across her.‎ ‎ A. where; when B. that; when C. that; that D. where; that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查定语从句和强调句。the supermarket 是先行词，work不及物，因此定语从句不缺少成分，用where指地点，it is/was...that是强调句，这三个词去掉后不影响句意，这里强调了碰见简的地点，强调句中包含一个定语从句，故选D。‎ ‎【学法指导】‎ 一．强调句的使用:： 1、用It is／was...that／who...句型表示强调。 （1）陈述句的强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主语指人）+其它部分。 e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping. （2）一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。 e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping? （3）特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分？e.g. When and where was it that you were born? 注：被强调的部分（通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is／was的后面，如被强调的是人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。 2、用助动词do, does或did来强调谓语动词。 如：Do come early. He did send you a letter last week. 3、用主语从句+be+被强调部分，主语从句常用what引导。 如：What John wants is a ball.---What Mary does every day is(to) give piano lessons. 二.not...until...句型的强调句： 1、句型为：It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其它部分： e.g. 普通句：He didn't go to bed until/till his wife came back. 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. 2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用； 因为句型中It is/was not...已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。三.谓语动词的强调： 1、It is/was...that...结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/does或did。 e.g. Do sit down.务必请坐。 2、注意：此种强调只用do/does和did，没有别的形式；过去时用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。‎ 考点：考查定语从句和强调句 20. The government is discussing the problem right now. It will ______ have been solved by the end of next month. ‎ ‎ A. eagerly B. hopefully C. immediately D. gradually ‎【答案】B 考点：考查副词 ‎21. ---Why! I couldn’t get you on the phone this morning. ‎ ‎ ---We ____tennis in the yard when you phoned me. ‎ A. could be playing B. must be playing C. must have been playing D. should have played ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查情态动词。句意：——为什么今天早上打电话找不到你？——你给我打电话的时候我们一定是在院子里打网球。must have done表示肯定做了某事；must have been doing表示当时肯定在做某事。答句强调你打电话的这个时间点我们正在做某事，所以要用must have been doing形式。故选C。‎ 考点：考查情态动词 ‎22. —I didn’t know your telephone number in Paris; otherwise, I　　　you. ‎ ‎—Oh, I would rather you　　　me. ‎ ‎ A. would have called; had called B. would ring; call ‎ C. would have called; called D. would ring; had called ‎【答案】A 考点：考查虚拟语气 23. ‎－Mary, how did your Math test go? －I had thought I _________, but in fact I came in the top 10 in my class. ‎ ‎ A.should have failed         B.couldn’t have failed C.might have failed         D.shouldn’t have failed ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查情态动词的用法。might have done sth.表示对过去发生的事情的猜测或担心，意思是“或许会……”，而事实上不一定如此。故选C。‎ 考点：考查情态动词的用法 ‎24.I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ______ take me to Disneyland at weekends. A. might    B. must       C. would   D. should ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查情态动词。A可能；B必须；C将；D应该。would可以表示“过去常常”，强调过去经常发生的事情。根据语境判断此处指过去妈妈经常在周末带他去，所以选C。句意：我仍然记得我幸福的童年，那时妈妈经常带我在周末的时候去迪士尼乐园。‎ 考点：考查情态动词 ‎25. — I promise her daughter ____ get a nice present on her birthday. — Will it be a big surprise to her? A. should B. must C. would D. Shall ‎【答案】D 考点：考查情态动词 二、完形填空（共20分，每题1分）‎ When I was about five years old, I used to watch a bird in the skies of southern Alberta from the Blackfoot Blood Reserve in northern Montana where I was born．I loved this bird; I would 26 him for hours．He would 27 effortlessly in that gigantic sky, or he would come down and light on the 28 and float there beautifully．Sometimes when I watched him, he would not make a sound and liked to move 29 into the grasses．We called him meksikatsi, which in the Blackfoot language ‎ ‎30 “pink-colored feet”; meksikatsi and I became very good friends．‎ ‎ The bird had a very particular significance to me 31 I desperately wanted to be able to fly too．I felt very much as if I was the kind of person who had been born into a world where 32 was impossible．And most of the things that I 33 about would not be possible for me but would be possible only for other people．‎ ‎ When I was ten years old, something unexpected 34 my life suddenly. I found myself become an 35 child in a family I was not born into; I found myself in a 36 position that many native Americans find themselves in, living in a city that they do not understand at all, not in another culture but 37 two cultures．‎ ‎ A teacher of the English language told me that meksikatsi was not called meksikatsi, even though that is what 38 people have called that bird for thousands of years．Meksikatsi, he said, was really “duck”．I was very 39 with English．I could not understand it．First of all, the bird did not look like “duck”, and when it made a 40 , it did not sound like “duck”, I was even more 41 when I found out that the meaning of the verb “to duck” came from the bird．‎ ‎ As I 42 to understand English better, I understand that it made a great deal of 43 , but I never forgot that meksikatsi made a different kind of meaning．I 44 that languages are not just different words for the same things but totally different 45 , totally different ways of experiencing and looking at the world．‎ ‎26．A．keep B．watch C．follow D．search ‎27．A．jump B．dive C．circle D．wander ‎28．A．nest B．hill C．water D．road ‎ ‎29．A．quickly B．naturally C．freely D．quietly ‎30．A．means B．reads C．shows D．states ‎ ‎31．A．though B．because C．while D．until ‎32．A．communication B．imagination C．belief D．flight ‎33．A．dreamed B．worried C．knew D．argued ‎34．A．improved B．enriched C．changed D．ruined ‎35．A．educated B．adopted C．outgoing D．independent ‎36．A．weak B．comfortable C．terrible D．central ‎37．A．between B．against C．without D．beyond ‎38．A．most B．few C．their D．my ‎39．A．desperate B．bored C．uncomfortable D．disappointed ‎40．A．noise B．call C．decision D．choice ‎41．A．ashamed B．confused C．embarrassed D．frightened ‎42．A．tried B．came C．determined D．expected ‎43．A．evidence B．distinction C．profit D．sense ‎44．A．identified B．confirmed C．realized D．predicted ‎45．A．concepts B．regulations C．messages D．evaluations ‎【答案】‎ ‎26．B ‎27．C ‎28．C ‎29．D ‎30．A ‎31．B ‎32．D ‎33．A ‎34．C ‎35．B ‎36．C ‎37．A ‎38．D ‎39．D ‎40．B ‎41．B ‎42．B ‎43．D ‎44．C ‎45．A ‎29．D考查副词词义辨析。A．quickly迅速地；B．naturally自然地；C．freely自由地D．quietly安静地。根据本空前的he would not make a sound and liked to move可知，它总是安静地落在草上，故选D。‎ ‎30．A考查动词词义辨析。A．means意味着；B．reads阅读；C．shows展示；D．states陈述。‎ 根据本空前的meksikatsi,和本空后的“pink-colored feet”，可知此处是解释meksikatsi的含义，mean意味着，故选A。‎ ‎31．B考查连词。A．though尽管；B．because因为；C．while 尽管，在---期间；D．until直到---为止。根据上下文可知，此处是解释这只鸟对“我”有特殊意义的原因：因为我也极度地想要飞。故选B。‎ ‎32．D考查名词。A．communication交流；B．imagination 想象；C．belief信念；D．flight飞行。‎ 上文说我也极度地想要飞，但是现实飞行是不可能的，故选D。‎ ‎33．A考查动词。A．dreamed梦想；B．worried担忧；C．knew直到；D．argued辩论。有下文的例子可知，我梦想的东西大多数都不可能实现。故选A。‎ ‎39．D考查形容词。A．desperate 令人绝望的；B．bored 感到厌烦的；C．uncomfortable不舒适的；D．disappointed感到失望的。根据本空后的I could not understand it．可知，因为我不能理解，所以我对英语感到很失望。故选D。1‎ ‎40．B考查名词。A．noise噪音；B．call电话；C．decision决定；D．choice选择。根据本空后的sound like，可知，我发音时，它听起来不像duck，故选B。‎ ‎41．B考查形容词。A．ashamed害羞的；B．confused困惑的；C．embarrassed尴尬的；D．frightened感到害怕的。根据本空后的the meaning of the verb “to duck” came from the bird．可知，当我发现to duck起源于那只鸟时，我更加困惑了。故选B。‎ ‎【学法指导】‎ ‎1.结合上下文语境，抓关键词。解完型填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。37．A考查介词。A．between 两者之间；B．against对着；C．without没有；D．beyond在---之上。根据本空后的two cultures可知，此处时说生活在两种文化之间，故选A。‎ ‎2.状语从句引导词的考查在高考中频繁出现，是高考热点，非常值得注意。31．B考查连词。A．though尽管；B．because因为；C．while 尽管，在---期间；D．until直到---为止。根据上下文可知，此处是解释这只鸟对“我”有特殊意义的原因：因为我也极度地想要飞。故选B。‎ 考点：考查夹叙夹议的阅读 三、阅读理解（共30分，每题2分）‎ A French surgeons have performed what they said on Wednesday was the world's first partial face transplant--- giving a new nose, chin and lips to a woman attacked by a dog.‎ Specialists from two French hospitals carried out the operation on a 38-year-old woman on Sunday in the northern city of Amiens by taking the face from a brain-dead woman, who had hanged herself just hours before the operation. Her family agreed on the operation.‎ ‎“The patient is in an excellent state and the transplant looks normal,” the hospitals said in a brief statement after waiting three days to announce the pioneering surgery.‎ ‎【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ The woman had been left without a nose and lips after the dog attacked her last May, and was unable to talk or chew properly. Such injuries are “extremely difficult, if not impossible” to repair using normal surgical techniques, the statement said.‎ The statement did not say what the woman would look like when she had fully recovered, but medical experts said she was unlikely to resemble the woman who had been the source of her new face.‎ The operation was led by Jean-Michel Dubernard, a specialist from a hospital in Lyon who has also carried out hand transplants,‎ Skin transplants have long been used to treat burns and other injuries, but operations around the mouth and nose have been considered very difficult because of the area's high sensitivity to foreign ‎ tissue.‎ Teams in France, the United States and Britain had been developing techniques to make face transplants a reality There was a short-term risk for the patient if blood vessels became blocked, a medium-term danger of her body rejecting the new skin and a long-term possibility that the drugs used could cause cancers.‎ Experts say that although such medical advances should be celebrated, the transplant had thrown up moral（道德的）and ethical(伦理的)issues. Little is known about the psychological effect of the transplant.‎ ‎46.The best title for the passage would be ________.‎ ‎ A. First Face Transplant Opens Debate B. French Woman has First Partial Face Transplant ‎ ‎ C. A Complete Face Transplant of a French Woman D. Risks and Ethical Problems of a Face Transplant ‎47.Which of the following is NOT one of the risks of the operation?‎ ‎ A. Heart damage. B. Organ rejection C. Block of blood vessels. D. Side effect of the drugs ‎48.What can we learn about the operation?‎ ‎ A. There has arisen a debate about the operation. ‎ ‎ B. The woman had used the dead woman' s whole face. ‎ ‎ C. The woman will suffer from psychological damage soon. ‎ ‎ D. Such transplants have been performed by doctors.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎46.B ‎47.A ‎48.A ‎【名师点睛】‎ 弄清文章的大意，关键是找到主题句。主题句的位置：主题句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼应，有时也在文中，或没有主题句，需根据文章所述内容进行归纳。各段的主题句也常在该段的首句或尾句。议论文和说明文一般有主题句，但记叙文通常没有主题句，需要归纳。找主题句的方法：用浏览法(skimming)，即快速阅读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主题线索和主题信息。46.B主旨大意题。根据文章的内容和第一段的句子French surgeons have performed what they said on Wednesday was the world's first partial face transplant--- giving a new nose, chin and lips to a woman attacked by a dog.可知文章介绍了一位法国女性接受了第一次面部移植手术。故选B。‎ 考点：考查说明文阅读 B The largest campaign of killing rats in history is set to poison millions of rats on the sub-Antarctic island of South Georgia. Scientists say the campaign planned for 2013mand 2014 will restore beautiful South Georgia to the position it once held as the world’s most important nesting sites for seabirds.‎ It was sailors in the late 18th century who unintentionally introduced rats to what had been a fresh environment. “If we can destroy the rats, at least 100 million birds will return to their home on South Georgia,” says Tony Martin, a biology professor at the University of Dundee who was invited ‎ to lead the project.‎ South Georgia is by far the largest island to get rid of animals that destroy native wildlife after being introduced deliberately or accidentally by people. Though rats and mice have done the most damage, cats, foxes, goats, deer, rabbits and other species have been targeted in the campaigns around the world.‎ South Georgia is seven times the size of New Zealand’s Campbell Island, currently the largest area ever killing rats. The successful war against Campbell Island rats was carried our in 2001 with 132 tons of poison dropped from five helicopters.‎ ‎“New Zealand pioneered the techniques for ridding islands of rats and in fact our operation on South Georgia is based on New Zealand’s technology.” Says Martin. “Some New Zealanders will be helping our campaign, including our chief pilot, Peter Garden, who was also chief pilot for the projects at Campbell Island and Rat Island, in the Aleutian chain of the north Pacific.”‎ The second and third stages in 2013 and 2014 will involve dropping as much as 300 tons of poison from the air onto every part of the island where rats might live. It is a huge operation, carried out during the stormy southern autumn when the rats are hungry and the risks of poisoning native wildlife are less than in the spring and summer months. “Ideally we’d do in winter but the weather makes that too risky,” Martin says.‎ The ecological payback will be priceless. But Martin says, “The full benefits will take decades to arrive, because some of these birds are slow to hatch.”‎ ‎49.According to the passage, how did the rats appear on the sub-Antarctic island of South Georgia ?‎ ‎ A. They were introduced there by sailors accidentally. B. They escaped there from Campbell Island.‎ ‎ C. They were attracted there by wildlife. D. They were brought in by people deliberately.‎ ‎50.Which of the following is True about Peter Garden ?‎ ‎ A. He is in charge of the campaign on the sub-Antarctic island.‎ ‎ B. He will be the only pilot for the project on the sub-Antarctic island.‎ ‎ C. He will benefit a lot from the campaign on the sub-Antarctic island.‎ ‎ D. He made great contributions to the project at Campbell Island and Rat Island.‎ ‎51.The operation of ridding South Georgia of rats is to carried out in autumn because _________.‎ ‎ A. the war against Campbell Island rats failed in all seasons except autumn.‎ ‎ B. only then do the New Zealanders to help the operation have the spare time.‎ ‎ C. the poison kills rats more effectively than it does in any other season.‎ ‎ D. rats then need more food and the operation does less harm to native wildlife.‎ ‎52.What can we infer from the passage?.‎ ‎ A. Rats aren’t the only species to be blamed for the disappearance of wildlife.‎ ‎ B. The campaign of killing rats will benefit the native wildlife in a short time.‎ ‎ C. The first stage of killing rats on the sub-Antarctic island didn’t make great achievements.‎ ‎ D. The campaign in South Georgia will fully follow in the footsteps of that on Campbell Island. ‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎49.A ‎50.D ‎51.D ‎52.A ‎51.D细节理解题。根据“It is a huge operation, carried out during the stormy southern autumn when the rats are hungry and the risks of poisoning native wildlife are less than in the spring and summer months.”可知这场大规模灭鼠运动在多暴风雨的男方秋季实施，是因为这时候鼠类饥饿，而且毒死本土野生动物的风险比春天和夏天更小。故答案选D。‎ ‎52.A推理题。根据“Though rats and mice have done the most damage, cats, foxes, goats, deer, rabbits and other species have been targeted in the campaigns around the world.”尽管鼠类危害最大，猫狐狸山羊鹿兔子和其他物种在全世界范围内被定为目标。可知野生动物的消失不能只归咎于鼠类。故答案选A。‎ ‎【名师点拨】‎ 事实询问题，这类试题通常以疑问词what/who/when/where/why/how引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源。同时要注意题目和文章中的暗示作用，特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。51.D细节理解题。根据“It is a huge operation, carried out during the stormy southern autumn when the rats are hungry and the risks of poisoning native wildlife are less than in the spring and summer months.”可知这场大规模灭鼠运动在多暴风雨的男方秋季实施，是因为这时候鼠类饥饿，而且毒死本土野生动物的风险比春天和夏天更小。故答案选D。‎ 考点：考查记叙文阅读 C Australia has promised to introduce the most comprehensive （全面的） carbon trading program outside Europe in 2010. The government in Canberra plans to cut greenhouse gas emissions (排放) by at least five percent by 2020, but it could make bigger reductions if other countries agree to tougher targets.  ‎ The Australian government warns that without tough environmental measures the country could lose key industries and jobs. Climate Change Minister Penny Wong says the economy is under threat and decisive action is needed.‎ Central to the government’s climate change plan is a carbon emissions trading program that will be introduced within two years. It would involve one thousand of the nation’s biggest companies and would cover about three-quarters of Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions. ‎ Many scientists believe that greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, contribute to global warming. Many of them are released by burning fuels such as coal and oil.‎ Companies will be required to buy permits for each ton of carbon they emit, although big polluting exporters will receive up to 90 percent of their carbon licenses free.‎ Many business leaders want the government to delay the plan because of the current global ‎ financial crisis, which is slowing the Australian economy. Peter Anderson from the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry says it is irresponsible to bring in a carbon trading plan now.‎ Environmentalists, on the other hand, say Prime Minister Kevin Rudd has not properly addressed the threat of climate change. Activists had sought a minimum emissions cut of 25 percent. ‎ Instead, the Rudd government aims to cuts carbon emissions by at least five percent of 2000 levels by 2020. That amount could rise to 15 percent, if future global agreements set such a target.‎ Ray Nias of the environmental group WWF says Australia will pay the price for low targets. “This is a deeply, deeply disappointing target,” Nias said. “It commits Australia to long-term climate change. It will make Australia’s ability to negotiate (协商) global agreements very, very difficult. It is much lower than even we had imagined.”‎ Australia has one of the highest per-person greenhouse emissions rates in the world because of its reliance on coal for electricity.‎ Some scientists warn that the vast, dry Australian continent, which has been suffering a series of droughts in recent years, could be one of the region’s hardest hit by global warming.‎ ‎53.Which group supports to cut carbon emissions by at least 25%?‎ ‎ A. Environmentalists         B. The government       C. Business leaders        D. Scientists ‎54.Who most probably agrees to a higher goal of carbon emissions?‎ ‎ A. Penny Wong        B. Peter Anderson        C. Kevin Rudd         D. Ray Nias ‎55.Many business leaders are against the Australian program because________.‎ ‎ A. they believe the program will only benefit the big companies ‎ B. they believe the program will cause the global warming ‎ C. they don’t want to pay extra money for carbon emissions ‎ D. they don’t think carbon emission will surely cause the global warming ‎56.The underlined sentence means_________.【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ ‎ A. The Australian government will be blamed for the low target ‎ B. Australia will suffer a lot from climate change caused by carbon emissions ‎ C. The Australian government will have to spend lots of money on carbon emissions ‎ D. Many Australian companies will close down because of the low target ‎【答案】‎ ‎53.A ‎54.D ‎55.C ‎56.B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文是一篇时文报道，介绍了澳大利亚的二氧化碳减排计划，环保人士认为澳方的目标远远不够，也有一些人反对这个计划。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。54.D推理判断题。根据第一、二段可知，代表政府的Penny Wong要求降低碳排放至少5%；根据第六段可知Peter Anderson 认为现在引入碳贸易计划是不负责任的；根据第七段可知Kevin Rudd没有恰当地发表碳天气变化的威胁；再结合倒数第三段中Ray Nias所说的话可知。故选D。‎ 考点：考查环保类阅读 D There was good news last week for people who struggle to get eight hours of sleep a night: they may not need so much shut-eye after all.‎ Researchers from UCLA and elsewhere looked at sleep habits of remote hunter-gatherers in Tanzania, Namibia and Bolivia — groups with pre-industrial lifestyles whose sleep patterns are believed to reflect those of ancient humans. The researchers found that, on average, members of each group sleep a bit less than six and a half hours a night.‎ The study, published in the academic journal Current Biology, indicates that “natural” sleep is less than eight hours a night and that modern society’s numerous electronic distractions (分心) aren’t necessarily to blame for people getting just six or seven hours of sleep.‎ ‎“The story that often gets out is that if you sleep for less than seven hours, you’re going to die early,” he told me. “That’s not true.”‎ Yet Americans are addicted to getting more sleep — and on turning to medical shortcuts to help them.【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ According to the Centers for Disease Control, as many as 70 million U.S. adults suffer from sleep disorders or sleeplessness. Only a third of Americans get the government’s recommended seven to nine hours of sleep a night.‎ About 9 million American adults use sleeping pills to help get a good night’s rest, the CDC found. Siegel said the number of people relying on medicines “has gone up rather rapidly since then.”‎ Industry consulting firm GlobalData estimates that worldwide sales for sleeplessness medicines will run about $1.4 billion next year and reach $1.8 billion by 2023, recovering from lower sales in recent years because of cheaper generics(仿制药) hitting the market.‎ Dr. Roy Artal, a sleep specialist in West Los Angeles, said it’s understandable that busy people in today’s go-go world would turn to medicines to speed up the sleep process. But all they’re doing is building a reliance on powerful drugs for relatively little improvement.‎ ‎“There’s no magic pill that makes us sleep when we want and wake up when we want,” Artal said. “The effects of sleeping pills tend to be modest.”‎ He and other experts say the answer to sleeplessness isn’t to be found in a pill bottle. It’s in what’s called “sleep hygiene (保健).”‎ ‎57.The research on sleep habits of remote hunter-gatherers in Tanzania, Namibia and Bolivia shows that ________.‎ ‎ A. They have a lack of sleep because of their bad lifestyle ‎ B. “natural” sleep may be less than eight hours a night ‎ C. Modern electronic products cause the sleeplessness ‎ D. Pre-industrial lifestyles will be helpful to a better sleep ‎58.Jerome Siegel believes that ________.‎ ‎ A. We need to take sleeping pills to improve sleep ‎ B. Modern electronic products do harm to a good sleep ‎ C. Those who sleep for less than 7 hours will die early ‎ D. There is nothing wrong with a 6 or 7 hours’ sleep ‎59.The underlined word “modest” probably means ________.‎ ‎ A. obvious             B. awful                C. small                 D. large ‎60.The main idea of this passage is that_________.‎ ‎ A. People may not need eight hours of sleep a night.‎ ‎ B. people need sleeping pills to have a good sleep ‎ C. sleeping pills have a long way to go for sleep improvement ‎ D. Sleeping pill industry will suffer great losses from the new discovery ‎【答案】‎ ‎57．B ‎58.D ‎59.C ‎60.A ‎60.A主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段的they may not need so much shut-eye after all.‎ 可知，本文主要介绍了研究发现人们可能不需要每晚8个小时的睡眠。故选A。 ‎ ‎【名师点睛】 ‎ 猜测词义题。阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。我们可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。做这种类型的题，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境想当然。在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义。59.C词义猜测题。根据划线词前的“There’s no magic pill that makes us sleep when we want and wake up when we want,”可知，没有什么神奇的药能让我们想睡就睡，想醒就醒，此处是说安眠药的效果是小的，由此可知划线词与small同义，故选C。‎ 考点：考查说明文阅读 四、任务型阅读 （共10分，每题1分）‎ What is ecofashion？Eco-fashion is about making clothes that take into account the environment, the health of consumers and the working conditions of people in the fashion industry. It is a complex phenomenon and the common use of the term covers two aspects of fashion —‘ecological’ and ‘ethical’．Ecological fashion usually refers to textile (织物) and clothing production processes and the environmental issues surrounding them；ethical fashion generally relates to the working conditions involved in the producing processes.‎ What are the problems with fashion？A closer look at the fashion industry points out many problems that are common practices in the creation of our fashions from the field to the factory. Firstly，the production of textiles pollutes the environment heavily. Cottonplanting uses pesticides；sheepfarming and woolcleaning contribute to global warming；syntheticsmaking (人造纤维生产) brings about waste which does harm to our environment. Secondly，every stage of clothing production has a significant effect on the environment. They all use a great deal of energy，and some also involve harmful chemicals. In addition to this，there is a lot of waste produced in the process，especially in the form of polluted water. Thirdly，growing consumption levels and our shopping habits further worsen the bad effects. We are now buying clothes in increasing quantities without realizing the scale on which it affects natural environment，and we are also quick to throw away clothes that have been worn only a couple of times.‎ Then，how to solve the problems? Other industries that design products are ahead of the fashion industry when it comes to choosing sustainable materials, designing for minimum waste, choosing ‎ energy efficient manufacturing and creating products for longevity. The fashion industry has been slow to adopt these changes and part of the problem is the very nature of fashion. To a large degree，it is the fashion producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our future. There are numerous ways in which these producers can reduce their ecological footprint，from switching to green energy and reducing energy use，through selecting sustainable materials and choosing local suppliers，to recycle and minimize waste. On the other hand，as consumers we can all make contributions by selecting environmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing consumption. ‎ There is some concern that eco friendly fashions are just a trend that we will eventually grow tired of but we can make sure that doesn't happen. Now many people are beginning to shop for organic food products because the benefits of eating food free of chemicals are straightforward and immediate. They relate directly to our personal health. In fact, choosing ecofashion can also contribute to our personal health, though it is mostly done by way of keeping the health of the planet.‎ Why choose eco-fashion?‎ ‎【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ ‎ 61 of fashion ‎ 【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ Ecological ‎【来.源：全,品…中&高*考*网】‎ Textile & clothing production processes; Issues related to 62 ‎ Ethical Working 63 involved Problems with fashion Textile 64 ‎ Cotton-planting: use of pesticides;‎ Sheepfarming & woolcleaning: global warming;‎ Synthetics-making: 65 waste Clothing production Producing a lot of waste;‎ Using harmful chemicals;‎ ‎ 66 a great deal of energy Consumption levels & shopping habits ‎ New clothes: bought in increasing quantities Old clothes: 67 away quickly Ways to recycle and 69 waste:‎ ‎ 68 to problems Fashion producers ‎ Switching to green energy;‎ Reducing energy use;‎ Selecting sustainable materials;‎ Choosing local suppliers ‎ 70 ‎ Selecting environmentally friendly clothing Reducing clothing consumption ‎ Choosing ecofashion can contribute to our personal health.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61.Aspects ‎ ‎62.environment ‎63.conditions ‎ ‎64.production ‎65.harmful ‎66.Consuming/using ‎ ‎67.thrown ‎68.Solutions ‎69.minimize ‎70.Consumers ‎64.production 根据第二段提到 Firstly, the production of textiles pollutes the environment heavily. 衣服的生产严重污染环境。故填production。 65.harmful 根据第二段提到 Cotton¬planting uses pesticides; sheep¬farming and wool¬cleaning contribute to global warming; synthetics¬making (人造纤维生产) brings about waste which does harm to our environment. 人造纤维的生产会产生对环境有害的废物。故填harmful。 66.Consuming/using 根据第二段提到 They all use a great deal of energy, and some also involve chemicals which evidently do harm to the surroundings. 衣物的生产消耗大量的能源，涉及到有害化学品。故填Consuming。using也可。 67.thrown 根据第二段提到we are also quick to throw away clothes that have been worn only a couple of times.我们会扔掉旧的衣服。故填thrown。 68.Solutions 根据第三段提到如何解决定一问题。故填solutions。 69.minimize 根据第三段提到Other industries that design products are ahead of the fashion industry when it comes to choosing sustainable materials, designing for minimum waste, choosing energy efficient manufacturing and creating products for longevity. 设计一些时尚的衣服，选择合适的面料，最小的浪费，有效的进行利用。故填minimize。 70.Consumers 根据第三段提到On the other hand, as consumers we can all make contributions by selecting environmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing consumption. 另一方面对于消费者来说，选择环保的衣服和减少衣服的浪费。故填Consumers。‎ ‎【名师点睛】 任务型阅读要求考生根据阅读文章提供的信息用恰当的词语完成与短文相关的图表，并有一定字数的限制。主要考察学生获取信息的能力(对应信息查找题）、组织信息的能力(对应信息转换题）和概括表达信息能力(对应信息归纳题）。 解题技巧： 1.扫读。扫读图表，分析表格结构，理清其显示的层次关系，准确定位其考察要求。要特别注意表格前的小标题，它通常就是段落和表格的主题句。读懂了表格标题有助于理解短文及表格的大意，了解表格结构和题目的设置。如捕捉信息题可以去文中查读，其他问题则需要对信息进行加工处理。一般题目的结构是：①全文的标题  在标题中缺少一个关键词，根据文章填出所缺的关键词。②各段大意  试题中给出各段大意，在给出的信息中缺少一些关键内容，学生把文章的各段对应起来，找准信息。③对各段大意的详细的阐述  ‎ 从文章各段或分散在全文的对应的信息点出发，这要求学生有高度驾驭语篇的能力，在文章中找到准确的信息完成填空。比如第71、78题，都说对段落大意的总结，考生需要最段落有个很好的理解，然后再去考虑用词的问题。 2.精读。 深入理解文章内容，精读与空格中要填的信息有关的文段，寻找确定答案的关键词语，或从文中进行概括，同时仔细斟酌用词，确保填的是最恰当词的最恰当形式。如填写时要注意所填单词的结构和形式，看是否与表格中所给的格式相同，同时注意单词的拼写、短语的搭配、所填词汇的词性、所填单词是否符合题目要求，还要注意字母的大小写。比如第71题： 根据第一段提到It is a complex phenomenon and the common use of the fashionable terms—‘ecological’ and ‘ethical’. 这是一个复杂的现象，并使用流行的术语表示为两个方面：‘ecological’ and ‘ethical’。故填Aspects。注意开头字母的大写问题。 3. 复查。通观全篇文章，务必再仔细核对文章和任务，确保准确性。‎ 考点：考查对文章的理解归纳能力 ‎ 五、翻译句子（共10分，每题2分）‎ ‎71. 认为那是违背科学精神的。（contrary）‎ ‎72. 树被砍掉了，导致了这座城市被沙尘掩埋。（result in doing sth）‎ ‎73. 昨夜一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。‎ ‎74. 护士不仅要求提高工资, 还要求减少工作时间。(not only…but also 倒装)‎ ‎75. 我们已经训练了一个半小时，该休息一下了。(it is about time that..)‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎71.They thought that that was contrary to the spirit of science.‎ ‎72.Trees were cut down, resulting in/ which resulted in the city being buried by sand.‎ ‎73.It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. ‎ ‎74.Not only do the nurses demand a pay rise, but they want to reduce working hours as well.‎ ‎75.We have trained for an hour and a half and it is about time that we took a rest.‎ ‎73.It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.根据句意可知用must have done表示对过去事情有把握的肯定推测“一定是做某事了”，另外for在这里是并列连词，表示原因，故答案为It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.‎ ‎74.Not only do the nurses demand a pay rise, but they want to reduce working hours as well.此处句用not only…but also连接主语，且Not only位于句首，句子前半部分用倒装，故答案为Not only do the nurses demand a pay rise, but they want to reduce working hours as well.‎ ‎75.We have trained for an hour and a half and it is about time that we took a rest.根据句意可知前半句用现在完成时态，另外，it is about time that..表示“该做某事的时间了”，故答案为We have trained for an hour and a half and it is about time that we took a rest.‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 由not only…but also引出的倒装： ‎ 当not only…but also位于句首引出句子时，not only后的句子通常用部分倒装形式： 如：Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet. 他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。 考点：考查翻译句子 六、书面表达（共25分）‎ 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 ‎ Middle and high school days are both fun and busy. Students spend their days in class, listening to the interesting and sometimes boring words of the teacher. They spend the short breaks running, playing, and shouting happily before going back to the classroom again. But how should students spend their free time outside school? ‎ In Western countries, it is common for students to have a part-time job after school and at ‎ weekends. Students can earn their own money and learn more about the “real world”. They enjoy the extra independence and money, and parents enjoy the quiet house. However, it seems that, in China, parents worry so much about their children’ studies that they would prefer to see their children spending most of their free time studying and preparing for all those exams. ‎ It is natural for parents to feel that way, but I believe the answer lies in balance. Sometimes, Western school children work long hours after school to make money, and so they become too tired to listen in class or have no time for homework. But Chinese students spend so much time on their studies that all else becomes less important until they want that new MP4 player. ‎ So, find a good and healthy balance! If you have a part-time job, you’ll be happy, and your parents will also be happy because you’re spending your hard-earned money and not theirs! ‎ ‎1写作内容] ‎ ‎1） 概括短文的内容要点，该部分的字数大约30词左右； ‎ ‎2） 就“如何利用课余时间”这个主题发表你的看法，至少包含以下的内容要点，该部分的字数大约120词左右: a. 以自身为例，简述你平时是怎样打发课余时间的； ‎ ‎ b. 你如何看待自己利用课余时间的方式； ‎ ‎ c. 你的父母对你利用课余时间的态度及你的看法。 ‎ ‎1写作要求] ‎ 你可以使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子。 ‎ ‎【答案】‎ here is a great difference between the way high school students spend their free time, and the writer hopes to find a balance between studying and having fun. ‎ ‎ What worries the writer is just what we students are confused about: can our “spare time” actually mean something “spare”? ‎ ‎ Take me for example. Every day I have just 1 hour in the afternoon to do some sports. At weekends, I usually have lots of homework assigned by teachers to finish. Even if I want to do something else, I will often be stopped by my parents. Like many other parents, they just want me to study all the time until I am admitted to a famous university. As a result, I can’t control my “spare time” on my own! Looking around at my friends, I find I’m not alone in such a situation. What a boring life for us students! ‎ ‎ I just don’t agree with my parents about their way of controlling my spare time. Yes, for us students, studying is the most important thing to do. But we can’t be separated from the outside world. Studying all the time, I’m afraid what we are learning can’t match the real world. I don’t want to depress my parents, of course; but I do think that we need to find a way to settle this problem.‎ ‎【亮点说明】本文是按要求写文章，内容齐全，语言流畅，衔接紧密，使用高级句子。What worries the writer is just what we students are confused about在句中what分别引导主语从句和表语从句，起双重作用；Even if I want to do something else, I will often be stopped by my parents. Even if引导让步状语从句；Like many other parents, they just want me to study all the time until I am admitted to a famous university. Until引导时间状语从句；Looking around at my friends, I find I’m not alone in such a situation.现在分词做时间状语；What a boring life for us students! What引导的感叹句恰如其分；studying is the most important thing to do.动名词作主语，动词不定式作后置定语；另外，Take me for example. At weekends, As a result, for us students, But的运用为文章增色添彩。‎