山西省晋中市祁县第二中学2018-2019高二下学期期末英语试卷

山西省晋中市祁县第二中学2018-2019高二下学期期末英语试卷

‎2018-2019年度高二期末考试卷 英 语 第一部分阅读理解 第一节 (共15小题;每小题3分,满分45分)‎ 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。‎ A ‎ Can trees talk? Yes, but not in words. Scientists have reason to believe that trees do communicate (交际) with each other. Not long ago, researchers learned some surprising things. First a willow tree attacked in the woods by caterpillars (毛虫) changed the chemistry of its leaves and made them taste so terrible that they got tired of the leaves and stopped eating them. Then even more astonishing, the tree sent out a special smell---a signal (信号) causing its neighbors to change the chemistry of their own leaves and make them less tasty.‎ ‎ Communication, of course, doesn’t need to be in words. We can talk to each other by smiling, raising our shoulders and moving our hands. We know that birds and animals use a whole vocabulary of songs, sounds, and movements. Bees dance their signals, flying in certain patterns that tell other bees where to find nectar (花蜜) for honey. So why shouldn’t trees have ways of sending message?‎ ‎1．It can be concluded from the passage that caterpillars do not feed on leaves that ______.‎ A．are lying on the ground B．have an unpleasant taste C．bees don’t like D．have an unfamiliar shape ‎2．The willow tree described in the passage protected itself by ______.‎ A．growing more branches B．communicating with birds and bees C．changing its leaf chemistry D．shaking caterpillars off ‎3．According to the passage, the willow tree was able to communicate with other trees by ______. ‎ A．waving its branches B．giving off a special smell C．dropping its leaves D．changing the colour of its trunk B It doesn't matter when or how much a person sleeps, but everyone needs some rest to stay alive.‎ ‎ That's what all doctors thought, until they heard about Al Herpin. Al Herpin, it was said, never slept. Could this be true ? The doctors decided to see this strange man themselves.‎ Al Herpin was 90 years old when the doctors came to his home in New Jersey. They thought for sure that he got some sleep of some kind. So they stayed with him and watched every movement he made. But they were surprised. Though they watched him hour after hour and day after day. They never saw Herpin sleeping. In fact, he did not even own a bed. He never needed one.‎ The only rest that Herpin sometimes got was sitting in a comfortable chair and reading newspapers. The doctors were puzzled by this strange continuous sleeplessness. They found only one answer that might explain his condition. Herpin remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he was born. But that was all. Was this the real reason ? No one could be sure. Herpin died at the age of 94.‎ ‎4．The main idea of this passage is that _______.‎ A．a person was found who actually didn't need any sleep B．large numbers of people do not need sleep C．everyone needs some sleep to stay alive D．people can live longer by trying not to sleep ‎5．The doctors came to visit Herpin, expecting to _______.‎ A．cure him of his sleeplessness B．find a way to free people from the need of sleeping C．find that his sleeplessness was not really true D．find out why some old people didn't need any asleep ‎6．After watching him closely, the doctors came to believe that Al Herpin _______.‎ A．was too old to need any sleep B．needed no sleep at all C．often slept in a chair D．needed some kind of sleep ‎7．One reason that might explain Herpin's sleeplessness was _______.‎ A．that he hadn't got a bed B．that he had gradually got tired of the sleeping habit C．his mother's injury before he was born D．his magnificent physical condition C With his strong interest in national affairs, 37-year-old Song Zhigang was glued to the TV news during the 2014 Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation summit. He not only learned all the latest information about the event, he was also inspired to write a song for Chinese President Xi Jinping and his wife, Peng Liyuan. Titled Xi Dada Loves Peng Mama, the song tells of the love between the couple, which goes "Xi Dada loves Peng Mama. Their love is like a myth. Peng Mama loves Xi Dada. A nation with love is the strongest".‎ When the song was released in an online video on Nov 18, it became an instant viral hit, which has been viewed over 40 million times and stirred hot discussion. Many netizens said it's sweet to listen to the song while seeing such photos, and some believe that the couple sets a good example for China's young couples.‎ Born in Zhengzhou, Henan province, Song works as an independent songwriter along with his team there, including singer-songwriters Yu Runze, Xu An and Wu Bai. Song says that he finished the lyrics within an hour and sent it to his team via cellphone. The team finished composing(作曲) that night. They also made the music video by themselves, which was the first time that they had ever produced a music video and uploaded it online. The video of the song contains 33 photos and 2 cartoon illustrations of the couple, displaying small interactive moments, including tacit eye contact between the couple and hand touching when the couple played a swing. Nine children between 4 and 12 years old were invited to rap and sing along with the team. "When I watched the couple appearing on TV, they seemed just like any other ordinary couple and I felt close to them. With some small sweet moments, I could feel the love between the couple," says Song.‎ ‎"Xi Dada" and "Peng Mama" have both become Internet buzz words, referring to the Chinese president and his popular wife. Song notes that the couple has attracted worldwide attention and even what Peng wears becomes headlines.‎ Yu Runze, 32, is one of the singers and also comes from Zhengzhou. She says the team started to release songs online around four years ago, mostly pop love ballads(歌曲，歌谣). Though they could make ends meet by making music, they remained unknown before this song. "We didn't expect that the song would gain so much popularity online. People share the same feeling we have about the ‎ couple, which is warm and sincere," says Yu, who is a graduate of the Qilu Conservatory of Music, Shandong province, and has released five albums since 2006.‎ ‎"We want to sing the song at 2015's CCTV Spring Festival Gala."‎ ‎8．What does the underlined word “hit” mean?‎ A．something that is successful but confusing.‎ B．something that is popular but complicated.‎ C．something that is popular and successful.‎ D．something that is popular and instructive.‎ ‎9．Which of the following is true according to the passage?‎ A．The video “Xi Dada loves Peng Mama” has been watched 4 million times.‎ B．It took Song just an hour to finish the lyrics and the composition of the song.‎ C．Song and his team started to release songs online around four years ago, mostly folk songs.‎ D．Many netizens think that President Xi Jinping and his wife are the model couple.‎ ‎10．What might be the author’s purpose in writing the passage?‎ A．To introduce something about the song and its writer.‎ B．To show the influence of the couple on young people.‎ C．To introduce the team that produced the song.‎ D．To show the importance of true love.‎ ‎11．Which section of the newspaper is the passage taken from?‎ A．Politics B．Health C．Entertainment D．Economy D A crisis is on the way. Global warming? The world economy? No, the decline of reading. People are just not doing it anymore, especially the young. Who’s responsible? What is responsible? The Internet, of course, and everything that comes with it—Facebook, Twitter, etc.‎ There’s been a warning about the coming death of literate civilization for a long time. In the 20th century, first it was the movies, then radio, then television that seemed to end the written world. None did. Reading survived; In fact, it not only survived, but it has developed better. The world is more literate than ever before — there are more and more readers and more and more books.‎ The fact that we often get our reading material online today is not something we should worry over. The electronic and digital revolution of the last two decades has arguably shown the way forward for reading and for writing. Interconnectivity allows for the possibility of a reading experience that was barely imaginable before. Where traditional books had to make do with photographs and illustrations(插图), an e-book can provide readers with an unlimited number of links：to texts, pictures, and videos.‎ On the other hand, there is the danger of trivialization(碎片化).One Twitter group is offering its followers single-sentence-long“digests”of the great novels. War and Peace in a sentence? You must be joking. We should fear the fragmentation(碎片)of reading. There is the danger that the high-speed connectivity of the Internet will reduce our attention span(时间)—that we will be incapable of reading anything of length or which requires deep concentration.‎ In such a fast-changing world, in which reality seems to be remade each day, we need the ability to focus and understand what is happening to us. This has always been the function of literature and we should be careful not to let it disappear. Our society needs to be able to imagine the possibility of someone entirely in pace with modern technology but able to make sense of a dynamic, confusing world.‎ ‎12．In Paragraph 2, we can learn______ ‎ A．the disappearance of traditional books B．the development of human civilization C．the historical challenges for reading D．the birth of pioneering e-books ‎13．According to the passage, the advantage of e-books is .‎ A．1imited link B．imaginative design C． low cost D．varied contents ‎14．How does the author feel towards single-sentence-long novels?‎ A．Doubtful B．Worried C．Shocked D．Hopeful ‎15．What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A．Technology is an opportunity and a challenge for traditional reading.‎ B．Technology pushes the way forward for reading and writing.‎ C．Interconnectivity is a feature of new reading experience.‎ D．Technology offers a greater variety of reading practice.‎ 第二节（共5小题;每小题3分,满分15分）‎ The key to losing weight is to understand what really motivates you. Have you ever been excited about losing a few pounds? 16．And to help you keep your weight under control, you need some strategies.‎ Ask questions. When you’re researching different dieting products and plans or even talking to a doctor about diets, ask as many questions as you can.17．Ask questions like: Do I have to purchase special meals or supplements? Does the program include a part to help me maintain my weight loss?‎ Get real.18．Don’t burden yourself with unrealistic expectations. Remember, large amounts of weight loss are not realistic and are most likely not safe or healthy. Talk with your health care professional to determine a healthy weight goal.‎ ‎19．To maintain your weight, you must balance your intake of calories with the energy you burn. Just 30 minutes of fast walking in most days can take about 10 pounds off your weight each year.‎ Weigh yourself weekly. It’s important to track your weight on any diet or weight loss plan, but don’t get on the scale every day. Weighing daily won’t show you the big picture.20．‎ A．Stay balanced.‎ B．Once a week is fine.‎ C．Stick with your healthy eating plan.‎ D．Losing one to two pounds a week is a realistic goal.‎ E. Being well informed will help you choose the best diet for you.‎ F. Regular weight check-ins will show you your progress over time.‎ G. If so, you must find a way to turn that excitement into determination.‎ 第二部分语言知识运用（共两节, 满分55分）‎ 第一节（共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分）‎ 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。‎ ‎ Mr. William remembered to buy some bananas after he left his office. It was 21 cold outside when he saw an ill -looking old lady selling bananas on the street across. He usually shopped in a grocery shop a few 22 away from his office but as he was in a 23 to reach home today, not intending to go there.‎ ‎ Quickly he 24 the old lady and she offered $7 per kg. Mr. William said,“But the store where I usually buy sells them for$5 per kg, why not the same price?" The lady said, “ No Sir, I cannot afford to 25 that price. $6 per kg, and that's the lowest.” Shaking his head, he left in his car towards the 26 grocery shop.‎ After picking up a good 27 of bananas there, he was surprised when the cashier told that price per kg was $10. He told the cashier,” I have been buying bananas from here only for some years and can’t you offer me a better deal for being a 28 customer?" The manager overheard him and told Mr. William，“Sorry Sir, but our prices are 29 ，we do not bargain.” Mr. William felt a little 30 with that flat attitude, and put them back.‎ ‎ Mr. William returned to the poor old lady and 31 $ 20 for 2kg. Unexpectedly she only accepted $ 12. Afterwards learning she had to sell her husband's fruit shop to 32 his medical bills and had to sell the bananas to survive, he felt inspired and 33 many of his colleagues to buy fruits from the lady. And with the 34 from Mr. William and other warmhearted buyers, she made a better living.‎ All too often we 35 to go shopping in big malls or big grocery shops, we always pay the fixed price without 36 . That is fine 37 we all have our own choices. However, we need to 38 a moment and think that why we have no courage or reason to bargain while shopping at big shops and why we try to bargain 39 with small street sellers？Think wisely. Always be 40 and supportive to someone who works hard to earn and has a need for it.‎ ‎21．A．burning B．freezing C．frozen D．bitten ‎22．A．blocks B．cities C．towns D．parks ‎23．A．mess B．sense C．moment D．hurry ‎24．A．assessed B．appointed C．approached D．applauded ‎25．A．buy B．fit C．get D．match ‎26．A．common B．usual C．normal D．general ‎27．A．bunch B．pile C．cup D．band ‎28．A．modest B．honest C．loyal D．considerate ‎29．A．understandable B．focused C．reasonable D．fixed ‎30．A．bad B．well C．good D．scary ‎31．A．offered B．supplied C．provided D．reported ‎32．A．spend B．deal C．cover D．charge ‎33．A．attracted B．drove C．removed D．recommended ‎34．A．permission B．supply C．invitation D．demand ‎35．A．choose B．intend C．risk D．demand ‎36．A．dealing B．paying C．bargaining D．wondering ‎37．A．even if B．as C．unless D．once ‎38．A．save B．set C．spare D．select ‎39．A．heavily B．quickly C．totally D．slowly ‎40．A．awful B．careful C．useful D．helpful 第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）‎ 阅读下列短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The Dujiangyan is the oldest man-made water system in the world, and a wonder in the development of Chinese agriculture. 41． (build) over 2,200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering 42． (achieve) is still used today.‎ In ancient times, the region where Dujiangyan now stands 43． (suffer) from regular floods from the Minjiang River. 44． (help) the victims of the flooding, Li Bing, 45． region governor, together with his son, decided to find a solution. Li designed a series of channels built at different levels along Mount Yulei that would take away the flood waters while leaving the river flowing naturally. 46． (good) still, the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making 47． suitable for farming.‎ Once the system 48． (finish), no more floods happened and the people were able to live 49． (peaceful). Today, Dujiangyan is admired by scientists from around the world because of one ‎ feature. Unlike modern dams, 50． the water is blocked with a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally, making the ecosystem (生态系统) and fish populations exist in peace.‎ 第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ When Molly’s father was about to work, his daughter Molly, aged 8, hand him a bag. The father was in hurry so he didn’t know what was inside. While having lunch, he took out the contents: a plastic dinosaur, a tiny sea shell and three small stone. The busy father smiled, finished eating, and sweeping the desk clean into the dustbin include Molly’s junk. This evening, Molly wanted her bag back because she had not made a note into it. I love you, Daddy. The father went to his office hurried, carrying the junk home. He asked Molly to tell her about the junk. It was turned out that everything in the bag had a story. To Molly they were not junk and treasures!‎ 第二节书面表达（满分25分）‎ 目前青少年压力过大，为排解压力一些青少年染上了一些恶习，如吸烟，饮酒等，请你以学生会的名义参照以下提示用英语写一封倡议书，呼吁中学生要“养成好习惯，健康过生活”。写作要点如下：‎ ‎1. 青少年中存在的恶习以及它们的危害。‎ ‎2. 好习惯的重要性和必要性。‎ ‎3. 呼吁你校学生养成好习惯，过健康生活。‎ 注意：1. 词数100-120。‎ ‎ 2. 开头已给你写好不计入总数。‎ ‎ 3. 适当增加细节，使文章内容充实，连贯。‎ Dear students,‎ In the present world, we teenagers are living under great pressure. ‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________‎ 参考答案 ‎1．B2．C3．B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文讲述的是动植物之间的多种不同的交流方法。‎ ‎1．B 推理题。根据第一段3,4行First a willow tree attacked in the woods by caterpillars (毛虫) changed the chemistry of its leaves and made them taste so terrible that they got tired of the leaves and stopped eating them.说明毛毛虫不喜欢吃这样的树叶，故B正确。‎ ‎2．C 细节题。根据第一段3,4行by caterpillars (毛虫) changed the chemistry of its leaves说明是靠改变树叶的味道来保护自己的，故C项正确。‎ ‎3．B 细节题。根据第一段最后2行the tree sent out a special smell---a signal (信号) causing its neighbors to change the chemistry of their own leaves and make them less tasty.说明树木是靠发出气味让它的周围别的树知道这个信息，所以B正确。‎ 考点：考查科普类短文 点评：本文属于科普类短文，此类文章的最大的障碍是词汇以及考生对阅读内容的不熟悉，需要考生在阅读的时候有足够的耐心。要养成在上下文串联中猜测词义的能力，根据上下文中出现的同义词，近义词，反义词，以及词义的解释来理解生词。同时要抓住文章的中心，不要受其他信息的影响。要根据题目及选项以及文章的上下文串联合理的判断推理。‎ ‎4． A ‎ ‎5． C ‎ ‎6． B ‎ ‎7． C ‎8．C 9．D 10．A 11．C ‎【解析】‎ 作者在本文中主要介绍了网络上很流行的歌曲"Xi Dada" and "Peng Mama"自己这首歌曲的创作者Song Zhigang以及他的创作团队。‎ ‎8．C 词意猜测题。根据横线后半句......which has been viewed over 40 million times and stirred hot discussion.这首歌曲悲哀观看了4千万次并引起了热烈的讨论。说明这首歌曲很受欢迎，也就是说which所指代的hit指很受欢迎的事物。故C正确。‎ ‎9．D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句Many netizens said it's sweet to listen to the song while ‎ seeing such photos, and some believe that the couple sets a good example for China's young couples.说明网民们说听到这首歌很甜蜜，并认为习近平和彭丽媛是模仿夫妻，给中国的年轻夫妻树立了很好的榜样。故D正确。‎ ‎10．A 写作意图题。作者在本文中主要介绍了网络上很流行的歌曲"Xi Dada" and "Peng Mama"自己这首歌曲的创作者Song Zhigang以及他的创作团队。没有提到这首歌对年轻人的影响，也没有说明真爱的重要性。故A正确。‎ ‎11. C 推理判断题。作者在本文中主要介绍了网络上很流行的歌曲"Xi Dada" and "Peng Mama"自己这首歌曲的创作者Song Zhigang以及他的创作团队。属于娱乐相关的内容，所以最可能出现在报纸的娱乐版块，和政治、健康和经济无关。故C正确。‎ 考点：考查新闻报道类阅读 ‎12．C 13．D 14．B 15．A ‎【解析】‎ ‎12．细节理解题根据第二段第二句In the 20th century，first it was the movies，then radio，then television that seemed to end the written world．在20世纪，先是电影，然后是收音机，再然后是电视机，似乎都会给书写领域带来灭顶之灾。主要讲的是阅读面临的挑战。‎ ‎13．细节理解题根据第三段最后一句an e-book can provide readers with an unlimited number of links： to texts，pictures，and videos．电子书籍可以为读者提供到文本，图片和视频的无数链接。可知，电子书可以提供给我们多变的内容，文本、图片、视频等。故选D。A 本身错误，应该是unlimited,BC没提到。‎ ‎14．判断推理题根据倒数第二段第一句On the other hand，there is the danger of trivialization(碎片化)．第四句We should fear the fragmentation(碎片)of reading.关键词danger, fear，可推出，作者对single-sentence-long novels这一现象是非常担忧的。‎ ‎15．主旨大意题文章主要讲述了科技的发展给阅读带来的利弊，机遇和挑战。‎ ‎16．G 17．E 18．D 19．A 20．B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文讲述了关于帮助减肥的一些建议和方法。‎ ‎16．G 前一句讲“你曾经为减去几磅而兴奋吗？”，后一句讲“帮助你控制体重”，所以G项“‎ 如果是这样，你必须找到一种方法把兴奋转换成决心”承接上下文。从前一句和G项中都有excite也可以推断出来。‎ ‎17．E 根据后文Do I have to...?的问题可知，这些问题是对自己的提问，表示是否了解自己，而E项Being well informed will help you choose the best diet for you.就是对这些问题的总括，意思为“很好地了解自己有利于找一个适合自己减肥的方法”，故选E。‎ ‎18．D 根据后文Don’t burden ...可知，不要让自己局限于不现实的期望中，要有现实性的目标，而D项Losing one to two pounds a week is a realistic goal.很好地阐明了这一点，故选D。‎ ‎19．A 根据后文To keep your weight, ...可知，要保持体重就要做到摄入的热量和燃烧的热量的平衡，而A项Stay balanced就是对此的总述，故选A。‎ ‎20．B 根据前一句Weighing daily won’t show you the big picture.可知，不用天天称体重，故B项“一周一次就好”紧接上文，故选B。‎ 考点：考查说明文阅读 ‎21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．D ‎26．B 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．A ‎31．A 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A ‎36．C 37．B 38．C 39．A 40．D ‎【解析】本文为记叙文。文章记叙了威廉先生买香蕉的经历，同时也描述了自己的一些思考。‎ ‎21．考查形容词辨析。A. burning炽热的；B. freezing极冷的；C. frozen冰冻的；D. bitten被咬的。此处应指“外面非常的冷”。故选B。‎ ‎22．考查名词辨析。A. blocks街区；B. cities城市；C. towns乡镇；D. parks公园。句意：他常常在几个街区之外的一家商店里买东西。故选A。‎ ‎23．考查名词辨析。A. mess乱糟糟；B. sense意识；C. moment时刻；D. hurry匆忙。句意：他今天急着回家。‎ ‎24．考查动词辨析。A. assessed评估；B. appointed任命；C. approached走近；D. applauded鼓掌。句意：很快，他走近了那位老太太。故选C。‎ ‎25．考查动词辨析。A. buy买；B. fit适合；C. get得到；D. match匹配，使等同于。句意：那个价格，我没法卖。故选D。‎ ‎26．考查形容词辨析。 A. common普通的；B. usual通常的；C. normal正常的；D. general一般的。句意：摇着头，他上车去了那家常去的商店。故选B。‎ ‎27．考查名词辨析。A. bunch束，串；B. pile堆；C. cup杯；D. band带，伙。此处指“一串香蕉”。故选A。‎ ‎28．考查形容词辨析。A. modest谦虚的；B. honest诚实的；C. loyal忠诚的；D. considerate体贴的。此处指“作为忠诚的顾客（老顾客）”。故选C。‎ ‎29．考查形容词辨析。A. understandable可理解的；B. focused集中的；C. reasonable合理的；D. fixed固定的。句意：我们的价格是固定的，我们不还价。故选D。‎ ‎30．考查形容词辨析。 A. bad糟糕的；B. well健康的；C. good好的；D. scary害怕的。句意：威廉先生对那种傲慢的态度感觉有点不爽，于是把香蕉放回去了。故选A。‎ ‎31．考查动词辨析。 A. offered（主动）提供；B. supplied提供；C. provided提供；D. reported报告。句意：威廉先生回到那位可怜的老太太那里，主动给了她20美元买了2公斤香蕉。故选A。‎ ‎32．考查动词辨析。A. spend花费；B.deal处理；C. cover支付；D. charge负责，索价。句意：后来了解到，她不得不卖掉了她丈夫的水果店以支付他的药费，不得不靠卖这些香蕉生存。故选C。‎ ‎33．考查动词辨析。A. attracted吸引；B. drove驱使；C. removed移除；D. recommended推荐。句意：他很受启发并推荐很多同事去买那位老太太的水果。故选D。‎ ‎34．考查名词辨析。A. permission允许；B. supply供给；C. invitation邀请；D. demand要求。句意：因为有威廉先生和其他热心顾客的供给，她的生活变得好多了。故选B。‎ ‎35．考查动词辨析。A. choose选择；B. intend打算；C. risk冒险；D. demand要求。句意：太多的时候，我们选择去大商场或大型零售商店去购物。故选A。‎ ‎36．考查动词辨析。A. dealing处理；B. paying支付；C. bargaining还价；D. wondering想知道。句意：我们总是不还价地支付固定的价格。故选C。‎ ‎37．考查连词辨析。A. even if尽管；B. as因为；C. unless除非；D. once曾经。句意：那也没关系，因为我们有自己的选择。故选B。‎ ‎38．考查动词辨析。A. save节约；B. set设置；C. spare抽出；D. select选择。句意：然而，我们需要抽出一点时间，想一想……故选C。‎ ‎39．考查副词辨析。A. heavily猛烈地；B. quickly快速地；C. totally完全地；D. slowly慢慢地。根据语境，此处指“跟那些街头小贩狠狠地讨价还价”。故选A。‎ ‎40．考查形容词辨析。A. awful可怕的；B. careful细心的；C. useful有用的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据语境可知，此处指“要对那些辛苦生活人们有帮助和支持”。故选D。‎ ‎41．Built 42．Achievement 43．suffered 44．To help 45．the ‎46．Better 47．it 48．was finished 49．peacefully 50．where 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国古代水利工程都江堰的历史、作用等。‎ ‎41．考查非谓语动词。本句中已经存在谓语动词is used，且句中没有连词，故空处应用非谓语形式，因build与句子的主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用动词-ed形式作状语。故填Built。‎ ‎42．考查名词。该空在句中作主语，故需要其名词形式，且根据空后的is可知，应用单数形式。故填Achievement。‎ ‎43．考查时态。句意：在古代，都江堰现在所在的地区经常遭受岷江发洪水。根据In ancient times可知，此处用一般过去时，因此填suffered。‎ ‎44．考查非谓语动词。本句中已经存在谓语动词decided且句中没有连词，故本空只能做非谓语，且由语境可知，李冰父子决定找出解决问题的方法，其目的是帮助水灾的受害者，因此用不定式作目的状语。故填To help。‎ ‎45．考查冠词。此处指上文中的李冰，表特指，因此用定冠词the。‎ ‎46．考查形容词的比较级。上文谈到李冰设计的不同层次的导流渠可以使洪水流走，下文又提到多余的水又能引入干旱的成都平原，故二者之间是递进关系，故用比较级，better still表示“更好的是”。故填Better。‎ ‎47．考查代词。此处指上文中的the dry Chengdu Plan，故填it。‎ ‎48．考查时态和语态。根据空前的Once和空后的happened和were可知，此处用一般过去时，且finish与从句主语the system是被动关系，因此填was finished。‎ ‎49．考查副词。句意：洪水不再发生，人们得以平静地生活。分析句子结构可知，本空修饰动词live，因此用其副词形式peacefully。‎ ‎50．考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词modern dams，从句中缺少地点状语，因此用where引导。故填where。‎ 试题分析：Molly 错把她自己的包给了父亲，在父亲看来是垃圾的东西在女儿眼里却是财富。‎ ‎【小题1】hand→handed考查时态。此文是用过去时态描述的，故此句是用过去式，改为handed。‎ ‎【小题2】in后加a考查固定词组。in a hurry匆忙的。‎ ‎【小题3】stone→stones 考查名词。前面有数词three，故此处应用复数，故改为stones。‎ ‎【小题4】sweeping→swept 考查时态。根据and连接的前后一致原则，此处改为swept。‎ ‎【小题5】include→including 考查非谓语动词。此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，根据与逻辑主语dustbin是主动关系，故应用including。‎ ‎【小题6】This→That 考查代词。表示那天晚上，不是这天晚上，故改为That。‎ ‎【小题7】hurried→hurriedly考查副词。副词修饰动词作状语，故改为hurriedly。‎ ‎【小题8】her→him考查代词。此处是指她的父亲，故用him。‎ ‎【小题9】was去掉考查语态。此处是主动语态，故去掉was。‎ ‎【小题10】and→but 考查连词。句意：对于Molly来说，它们不是垃圾而是珍宝。not...but...不是……而是……，前后词之间是转折关系，故用but。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 短文改错口诀 名词数、动词形。‎ 形副互混辩分明。‎ 介词多用错与少，‎ 连词转折与平行，‎ 冠词错误常出现，‎ 代词前后易错乱。‎ 逻辑错误偶尔有，‎ 认真阅读别遗漏。‎ 考点：考查短文改错 Dear students,‎ In the present world, we teenagers are living under great pressure. As a result, in order to relieve the stress, some of us have developed bad habits, such as smoking and drinking, which are not only bad for our health but also can do harm to our society. Besides, some students prefer junk food, causing weight problem（obesity). What’s worse, some are even addicted to the net at the cost of their studies and future.‎ Facing such serious situations, we’ll have to get rid of bad habits and form good ones, which is necessary and urgent. As we know, doing sports, reading , living positively are all good habits and only by forming good habits can we be happy and make achievements. It is well-known that it is good habits that lead many people to succeed.‎ Dear follow students, let’s take action right now and keep physically and mentally healthy and form good habits . I believe they will benefit us all our lives!‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本篇书面表达属于倡议类写作，根据提示信息和题目要求来展开。写作时注意以下几点：1、仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确有哪些要点。2、提纲是文章的总体框架，要在提纲的范围内进行分析、构思和想象。要依据提示情景或词语，按照一定逻辑关系来写。3、根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态。写作书信时一定要注意文章结构和层次，提出建议时要具有说服力，对于一些常用的动词，要注意其他形式以更为简练的表达自己的观点，要灵活运用各种短语和从句来丰富文章的内容。‎ ‎【亮点说明】本文结构紧凑，层次分明，而且使用了多种句式和结构。比如As a result, in order to relieve the stress, some of us have developed bad habits, such as smoking and drinking, which are not only bad for our health but also can do harm to our society是原因状语从句和which引导的非限定性定语从句。Facing such serious situations, we’ll have to get rid of bad habits and form good ones, which is necessary and urgent 是现在分词短语作原因状语。As we know, doing sports, reading , living positively are all good habits and only by forming good habits can we be happy and make achievements是only加状语结构的倒装句。It is well-known that it is good habits that lead many people to succeed是it引导的主语性从句。此外，文章还使用了大量短语living under great pressure，do harm to our society，are addicted to，get rid of bad habits，keep physically and mentally healthy等。插入语As a result，Besides，What’s worse，As we know的使用使文章内容更具有层次感，也使语言更加连贯。‎ 考点：考查倡议类作文