2019届二轮复习-短文语法填空试题解读课件(30张)

2019届二轮复习-短文语法填空试题解读课件(30张)

2019 届二轮复习语法填空解读 A New Type for the National Entrance Exam Grammatical Filling （语法填空） Ⅰ ． Introduction Practicing and Thinking ( 思考与训练 ) What is the grammatical filling? Two meanings for the word grammatical : 1. connected with the rules of grammar 语法的 ; 文法的 2. correctly following the rules of grammar 符合语法规则的；合乎文法的 e.g. That sentence isn’t grammatical. 那句子不合语法． Explanation for the word grammatical Check whether the following sentences are grammatical: 1. You is a student. 2. He work in the office. 3. ---- How are you? ---- Very good. Thank you. 4. Teachers should take good care after their students. 5. This sentence is grammatical good. 6. He does well in his work, but he passed his exam. 7. The sentence where you use here isn’t grammatical. 8. I have a very good vase, and one was bought by my father yesterday. Compare: I have a blue vase, and you’d better have a red one . 9. Which is the nine biggest lake in the world? 10. I haven’t had time to clear up, so I’m all at sevens and eights. Note: There are not separated sentences on the national examination paper for you to do, but a passage. You should pay attention to the grammatical rules in the context while doing it. Ⅱ ． Analysis and Finding ( 分析与探究 ) How to help the students think about the correct filling words in the passage. Three steps: Skimming—Filling—Review Four abilities are needed while filling : 1. Ability for reading and comprehension from the context ( 阅读 / 理解 语篇 的能力 ) . 2. Ability of sentence structure analysis ( 分析句子结构的能力 ) . 3. Ability of having a good command of English grammar ( 熟练运用语法的能力 ) . 4. Be sure of the key points of the filling words which are to be tested ( 明确所考要点 ) . Completing the grammatical word filling needs three steps and four abilities: 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号为 31-40 的相应位置。 （共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） Passage 1 Thirty-two people watched Kitty Genovese 36 (kill) right below their windows. She was 37 neighbor. Yet 38 of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. John Barley and Bib Fatane went beyond the headlines to research into the 39 why people didn’t act. They found that a person has to go through two steps 40 he can help. First he has to notice that it is 41 emergency （紧急情况） . Is the smoke coming into the room 42 a leak in the air conditioning? Is it “steam pipes”? Or is it really smoke from a fire? It’s not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency. Second, and 43 important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally 44 (responsibility). He must feel that he must help, 45 the person won’t get the help he needs. Step 1. Skimming: Go through the passage and get the general idea ( 浏览短文 , 获取主旨大意 ). Step 2. Knowing about the usual scattered grammatical points before filling ( 填空前了解所常分散的语法点 ). 考点 (scattered points ) 数量 (total) 答案 (Key) 动词 ( 谓语 / 非谓语 ) 1 or 2 名词 1 or 2 连词 ( 从属连词 / 并列连词 ) 1 or 2 代词 1 or 2 介词 1 冠词 1 形容词 1 副词 1 数词 / 惯用法 / 逻辑词 1 Thirty-two people watched Kitty Genovese _____36 (kill) right below their windows. She was 37 neighbor. Yet 38 of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. John Barley and Bib Fatane went beyond the headlines to research into the 39 why people didn’t act. They found that a person has to go through two steps 40 he can help. First he has to notice that it is 41 emergency （紧急情况） . being killed their none reason before an Step 3. Review: Check the a nswers Is the smoke coming into the room 42 a leak in the air conditioning? Is it “steam pipes”? Or is it really smoke from a fire? It’s not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency. Second, and 43 important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally 44 (responsibility). He must feel that he must help, 45 the person won’t get the help he needs. from more responsible or Analyze the scattered points ： 知识点 具体内容 数量 动词 Being killed 1 代词 None; their 2 名词 reason; 1 连词 Before; or 2 冠词 an 1 介词 from 1 形容词 responsible 1 副词 more 1 数词 习惯用语 Ⅲ ． Try making a test paper by using your abilities （尝试命题） How are the exercises made up of? Read Passage B and try making exercise paper for grammatical filling according to what you have learnt about the scattered points ( 用刚学的考点 , 尝试用下面的短文 , 进行语法填空的命题 ) Passage 2 More than 220 people were killed in the fire which destroyed the Capital Building on February 4th, 1974. The building was finished only a few months before the fire; it was Sao Paulo’s newest building. All the 25 floors of the office building were completely destroyed. The fire also destroyed cars which belonged to people who worked in the building. Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the 11th floor. No one knows how the fire started. Perhaps it was started by an electrical fire in the ceiling of one of the offices. Office workers tried to put out the fire, but it was impossible to control it. Soon the whole floor was on fire and it was impossible for people on the floors above to escape. Try making an 　 exercise paper according to 　 the scattered points in the following table 　 ( 按下列考点分布制作试题 ) 考点 数量 内容 动词 ( 谓语 / 非谓语 ) 1 or 2 ? 名词 1 or 2 ? 连词 ( 从属连词 / 并列连词 ) 1 or 2 ? 代词 1 or 2 ? 介词 1 ? 冠词 1 ? 形容词 1 ? 副词 1 ? 数词 / 惯用法 / 逻辑词 1 ? Activities Show the students’ results and ask them why they should do so? More than 220 people were killed in the fire ___1_____ destroyed the Capital Building on February 4th, 1974. The building was finished only a few months ___2_____ the fire; it was Sao Paulo’s newest building. All the 25 ___3____ of the office building were completely destroyed. __4____ fire also destroyed cars which belonged to people who worked in the building. Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire ____5__on the 11th floor. ___6___knows how the fire started. Perhaps it was started by an ___7___(electricity) fire in the ceiling of one of the offices. Office workers tried to put out the fire, _8___ it was impossible to control __9__ . Soon the whole floor was on fire and it was impossible for people on the floors above ____10___(escape). One possible version More than 220 people were killed in the fire ________ destroyed the Capital Building on February 4th, 1974. The building was finished only a few months ________ the fire; it was Sao Paulo’s newest building. All the 25 _______ of the office building were completely destroyed. ______ fire also destroyed cars which belonged to people who worked in the building. which / that before floors The Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire _____________ on the 11th floor. ___________ knows how the fire started. Perhaps it was started by an __________ (electricity) fire in the ceiling of one of the offices. Office workers tried to put out the fire, ____ it was impossible to control ____ . Soon the whole floor was on fire and it was impossible for people on the floors above _________ (escape). broke out No one electrical but it to escape Keys to the Scattered Points ( 考点分布 ) 考点 具体内容 数量 动词 ( 谓语 / 非谓语 ) broke out; to escape 2 名词 floors 1 连词 ( 从属连词 / 并列连词 ) which/that; but 2 介词 before 1 代词 No one; it 1 冠词 The 1 形容词 electrical 1 副词 数词 / 习惯用语 Ⅳ ． Practice and Assessment ( 实践与评价 ) How can we evaluate ourselves? Score yourself （评价自己） Read the Passage C of your material and fill in the grammatical words ( 阅读材料中的短文 C, 进行语法填空 ) Evaluate yourself according to the following table ( 考点自评 ) 考点 具体内容 数量 评分 动词 ( 谓语 / 非谓语 ) 名词 连词 ( 从属连词 / 并列连词 ) 介词 代词 冠词 形容词 副词 数词 惯用法 / 逻辑词 100 分？ People are not so honest as they once 1 (be). The temptation to steal is greater than ever before----especially in large shops. A detective 2 _______ (recent) watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there were _____3_____ people in the shop than usual when ____4____ woman came in, 5 ______ it was easier for the detective ____6____ her. The woman first bought a few small articles. were recently fewer the so/therefore to watch Passage 3 After a little time, she chose ____7____ of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant ____8____ wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible. Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop ____9____ paying. When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter. The girl ‘gave’ her mother a free ____10____ once a week! one who / that without dress Summary 1. What is the grammatical filling? (explanation) 2. What should we do while working on it? (three steps and four skills) 3. How are the exercises made up of? (scattered points) 3. How can we evaluate ourselves? (a good mark) Homework Finish off Passage 4, Passage 5, Passage 6 and Passage 7 in the material. Assess how many scores you can get. Thank you and good bye.