2020届一轮复习外研版必修1Module2MyNewTeachers单元学案（29页）

2020届一轮复习外研版必修1Module2MyNewTeachers单元学案（29页）

‎(一)课前自主学习 Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．joke n．　　　　　　　　　　　玩笑；笑话 ‎2．timetable n. 时间表 ‎3．discipline n. 纪律 ‎4．relationship n. 关系 ‎5．headmaster n. 校长 ‎6．literature n. 文学 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．avoid vt. (故意)避开 ‎2．admit vt. 承认 ‎3．wave vt. 挥(手)；招(手)‎ ‎4．hate vt. 讨厌；不喜欢 ‎5．topic n. 话题；题目 ‎6．nervous adj. 紧张的；焦虑的 ‎7．summary n. 总结；摘要；提要 ‎8．period n. 一段时间 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．amusing adj.有趣的；可笑的→amuse vt.使快乐；逗乐→amused adj.逗乐的→amusement n．娱乐 ‎2．energetic adj.精力充沛的→energy n．精力；力量；能源 ‎3．patient adj.耐心的 n．病人→patiently adv.耐心地→patience n．耐心，忍耐力 ‎4．serious adj.严肃的→seriously adv.严肃地；严重地 ‎5．organised adj.有组织的；有系统的；做事有条理的→organise vt.组织→organisation n．组织[纵联1]‎ ‎6．immediately adv.立即，即刻 conj.一……就……→immediate adj.立即的；即刻的[纵联2]‎ ‎7．intelligent adj.聪明的→intelligence n．智力[纵联3]‎ ‎8．incorrectly adv.不正确地→incorrect adj.不正确的→(反义词)correct adj.正确的[纵联4]‎ ‎9．completely adv.十分地；完全地→complete adj.完全的[纵联5]‎ ‎10．scientific adj.科学的→science n．科学 ‎11．revision n．复习→revise vt.温习(功课)‎ ‎12．translation n．翻译→translate v．翻译 ‎13．formal adj.正式的→(反义词) informal adj.非正式的 ‎14．relaxed adj.轻松的；松懈的；宽松的→relax vt.使放松；使轻松→relaxing adj.令人轻松的→relaxation n．放松；休闲活动 ‎15．similarly adv.同样地，类似地→similar adj.同样的；类似的→similarity n．相似；类似 ‎16．impression n．印象→impress vt.使印象深刻→impressive adj.令人印象深刻的 ‎17．loudly adv.大声地→loud adj.大声的；高声的 ‎18．strict adj.严格的；严厉的→strictly adv.严格地 ‎19．respect vt.& n．尊敬；尊重→respectful adj.‎ 有礼貌的；恭敬的→respectable adj.体面的；令人尊敬的 ‎20．appreciate vt.欣赏；感激→appreciation n．欣赏；感激 [纵联6]‎ 纵联1.形容词化的过去分词 ‎①organised adj.　　　　　　 有组织的；有系统的 ‎②relaxed adj. 轻松的；松懈的 ‎③disappointed adj. 失望的 ‎④amazed adj. 吃惊的；惊讶的 ‎⑤embarrassed adj. 尴尬的；难堪的 纵联2.“立即，即刻”不拖延 ‎①immediately adv.立即，即刻 ②instantly adv.即刻 ‎③at once立即 ④in no time立刻 ‎⑤right away立刻 ⑥in a moment 立刻；马上 纵联3.“聪明的”来聚会 ‎①intelligent adj.聪明的 ②clever adj.聪明的 ‎③smart adj.机灵的 ④bright adj.聪明的 纵联4.聚焦否定前缀in形容词 ‎①incorrect不正确的 ②informal非正式的 ‎③independent独立的 ④inconvenient不方便的 ‎⑤incredible难以置信的 ⑥indifferent冷漠的 ‎⑦incomplete不完整的 ⑧ineffective无效果的 纵联5.“adj.＋ly→adv.”一览 ‎①completely adv. 十分地；完全地 ‎②immediately adv. 立即，即刻 ‎③similarly adv. 同样地，类似地 ‎④strictly adv.严格地 ⑤patiently adv.耐心地 纵联6.“感激，感谢”永不忘 ‎①appreciate vt. 感激；欣赏 ‎→appreciation n. 感激；欣赏 ‎②thank vt. 感谢 ‎→thanks n. 感谢 ‎→thankful adj. 感谢的 ‎③grateful adj. 感激的 ‎→gratitude n. 感激 单元话题——我的老师 子话题1　人物品质 ‎　①warmhearted adj.热心肠的 ②devotion n．忠诚；热爱 ‎③talkative adj.健谈的 ④admirable adj.令人钦佩的 ‎⑤experienced adj.有经验的 ⑥generous adj.慷慨的；大方的 ‎⑦considerate adj.考虑周到的 ⑧humorous adj.幽默的 ‎⑨inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的 ⑩outstanding adj.杰出的 子话题2　人际关系 ‎　①favourite adj.特别喜爱的 ②grateful adj.感谢的；感激的 ‎③trust n．& v．信任；信赖 ④belief n．相信；信仰 ‎⑤dislike n．& vt.不喜欢；厌恶 ⑥ignore vt.不理睬；忽视 子话题3　动作描写 ‎　①consult vt.咨询；请教；商量 ②motivate vt.激励 ‎③criticize v．批评 ④guide vt.指导；指引 ‎⑤remind vt.提醒；使想起 ⑥convince vt.使信服 ‎⑦persuade vt.说服；劝说 ⑧encourage vt.鼓励 ‎⑨check v．检查；核对 ⑩influence n．& vt.影响 ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ阅读D) Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in 　❶　 (relationship) of people with different amounts of power.For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic❷ under discussion.However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect❸， particularly to an elder or a person in authority.‎ ‎①用relationship的正确形式填空：relationships ‎②写出topic在句中的含义：话题；题目 ‎③选择respect在句中的词义：__A__‎ A．尊重　 B．遵守　　C．方面　　D．问候 ‎2．(2016·天津高考阅读B) These kids are happiest when doing repairs.They joke❶ and laugh and are living in their own 　❷　 (relax) world.And their minds are bright❸ despite their dirty hands and clothes.‎ ‎①写出joke在句中的含义：说笑话；开玩笑 ‎②用relax的正确形式填空：relaxed，该词的另一种形容词形式为：relaxing，常用来表示“令人轻松的”‎ ‎③用本单元词汇替换bright：intelligent 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·天津高考书面表达)如果你能给我们一些关于如何改善我们的机器人的建议，我将不胜感激。(appreciate)‎ I_would_appreciate_it_if_you_could_give_us_some_advice on_how_to_improve_our_robots.‎ ‎2．(2016·江苏高考书面表达)因此，应该制订网络投票的规则并严格遵守。(strict)‎ Therefore,_rules_of_online_voting_should_be_worked_out_and_strictly_observed.‎ ‎3．(2014·四川高考书面表达)考试很可能会像预期的那样顺利进行，我被我最喜爱的大学录取的梦想将要实现了。(admit)‎ The_exams_are_likely_to_work_out_as_expected_and_my_dream_to_be_admitted_into_my_favorite_university_will_come_true.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．patient adj.耐心的；能忍受的 n．病人 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be patient with sb.　　　　　 对某人有耐心 ‎(2)impatient adj. 不耐烦的；没有耐心的 ‎(3)patience n. 耐心，忍耐力 have/lose patience with 对……有/失去耐心 patiently (＝with patience) adv. 耐心地 ‎(4)impatience n. 不耐烦 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①He's a good teacher, but he doesn't have much patience (patient) with the slower pupils.‎ ‎②She is very patient with young children, so she is fit for the job.‎ ‎③After waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get ‎ impatient (patient)．‎ ‎[写美]　一句多译 ‎(2015·广东高考写作)她耐心地向每个学生解释所有的规定，并要求大家遵守。‎ ‎④She patiently explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them.‎ ‎⑤She explained all the rules to the students with_patience and required everyone to follow them.‎ ‎2．serious adj.严肃的；严重的；认真的 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be serious about (doing) sth./sb.‎ ‎ 对(做)某事/某人是认真的 I'm serious. 我是认真的。‎ ‎(2)seriously adv. 严肃地；严重地 take ...seriously 认真对待……‎ ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①Do you think he is serious about leaving his wife?‎ ‎②(2017·天津高考) When I was 50, my weight problem began to affect me seriously (serious)．‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎③(2015·重庆高考写作)如果我能给年轻的自己一条建议，我会说：“认真对待你的教育，你的未来取决于它。”‎ If I could give my younger self one piece of advice, I would say “Take_your_education_very seriously;_your_future_depends_on_it.”‎ ‎3．strict adj.严格的；严厉的；严谨的 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be strict with sb.　　　　 对某人要求严格 be strict in/about sth. 对某事要求严格 ‎(2)strictly adv. 严格地 strictly speaking 严格说来 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①(2017·天津高考) In the years of my growing up, Dad was strict with me.‎ ‎②My father is strict in/about his work, and he is quite strict with me as well.‎ ‎③Strictly (strict) speaking, the world has enough land to feed everybody.‎ ‎[用准]　表示“对某人要求严格”要用介词with；表示“对某事要求严格”要用介词in/about。‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎④(2015·江苏高考书面表达)我们应该严格并且自愿地遵守交通规则，在红灯前停车而不是抱怨交通堵塞。‎ We_should_strictly_and_voluntarily_follow_traffic_rules,_stopping_at_the_red_light_rather_than_complaining_about_traffic_jams.‎ ‎[联想]　“be＋adj.＋with”高频短语还有：‎ ‎①be satisfied with　　　　　 对……感到满意 ‎②be content with 对……满意 ‎③be pleased with 对……满意 ‎④be familiar with 与……熟悉 ‎⑤be bored with 对……厌烦 ‎⑥be busy with 忙于……‎ ‎⑦be popular with 受……欢迎 ‎⑧be patient with 对……有耐心 ‎4．appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)appreciate (one's) doing sth. 欣赏/感激(某人)做某事 I would appreciate it if ... 如果……，我将不胜感激 ‎(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①I don't appreciate being_treated (treat) like a secondclass citizen.‎ ‎②(2017·北京高考) In order to leave some impressive memories on all of us before graduation, our class made a special video to express our appreciation (appreciate) of our school.‎ ‎[用准]　(1)appreciate后不能用不定式，而要用动名词作宾语。作“感激；感谢”讲时，其宾语不能是人，只能是事或物；‎ ‎(2)appreciate之后不能直接跟if引导的从句，要先接it再跟if从句。like, hate, dislike, love, depend/rely on等动词之后接if/when从句有类似用法。‎ ‎[写美]　句型转换 ‎③(2018·浙江高考写作) I would be grateful to you if you could accept my application.(用appreciate改写)‎ ‎→I would appreciate_it if you could accept my application.‎ ‎5．admit v．承认；准许进入；接纳；可容纳 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中admit的含义 ‎①(2018·江苏高考) The youngsters admitted planning trips around potential photoopportunities and then messaging friends — and friends of friends — to demand “likes” for their online posts.承认 ‎②Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium admits visitors from 9：30 am until ‎ 6：00 pm.接纳，准许进入 ‎③The dining hall to be completed next month can admit 1,000 students.可容纳 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)admit doing/having done sth.　 承认做/做过某事 admit sb.to/into　　　 准许某人进入……；‎ ‎ 允许某人加入……‎ be admitted to/into 被接收(入学/入院/入党等)‎ admit that ... 承认……‎ ‎(2)admission n. 承认；准许进入；入场费 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎④I must learn as much as I can to be admitted to/into a good medical college, where I can prepare myself well enough for the job of a doctor.‎ ‎⑤She apologized to me and admitted taking/having_taken (take) my umbrella by mistake.‎ ‎⑥No one can go out of the room without the teacher's admission (admit)．‎ ‎[用准]　admit后跟动名词形式作宾语，不能跟不定式。‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎⑦(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我们学校的乒乓球队现在正招收新队员，这会对你有吸引力。‎ The_Student_Table_Tennis_Team_of_our_school_is_admitting_new_players_right_now,_which_will_appeal_to_you.‎ ‎6．respect vt.尊敬；尊重；遵守 n．尊敬；方面；(pl.)敬意；问候 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)have/show respect for sb.　 对某人表示尊敬/尊重 in respect of/with respect to 关于；就……而言 out of respect for 出于对……的尊敬；顾及 give/send one's respects to 代某人向……问候/致意 respect sb./sth.for sth. 因某事尊敬或敬重某人/某物 ‎(2)respectable adj. 体面的；令人尊敬的 respectful adj. 尊重的；恭敬的 be respectful to sb. 尊敬某人 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Clean and proper clothes say that the person has both selfrespect and respect for other people.‎ ‎②The teacher is respectable,_so we are all respectful to him.(respect)‎ ‎③We respect Tu Youyou with respect to her winning the Nobel Prize in medicine.‎ ‎④Give my respects (respect) to your wife.‎ 补全句子 ‎⑤Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice, out_of_respect_for farmers' labor.‎ 中国的孩子在很小的时候就受到不能浪费每一粒粮食的教育，这是出于对农民劳动的尊重。‎ ‎[写美]　句型转换 ‎⑥In school, I respected teachers and was friendly with classmates.‎ ‎→In school, I showed/had_respect_for teachers and was friendly with classmates.(respect n．)‎ ‎→In school, I was_respectful_to teachers and was friendly with classmates.(respectful)‎ ‎[词汇过关综合训练]　 ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Development is one of the topics (话题) people like to talk about.‎ ‎2．Robert admitted (承认) having broken the window, and apologized to Mrs Smith.‎ ‎3．Stephen Hawking will be respected (尊重) and remembered forever by the public although he left the world.‎ ‎4．Mary is keeping a strict (严格的) diet these days because she wants to become slim.‎ ‎5．Would you classify her novels as serious (严肃的) literature or mere entertainment?‎ ‎6．The boy avoided (避开) being punished by running away.‎ ‎7．Jia Sixie wrote down his advice in a book called Qi Min Yao Shu, which was considered an important summary (总结) of the knowledge of farming.‎ ‎8．The manager gave his command that measures (should) be taken immediately (立即) to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Mrs Green began the class with an amusing (amuse) English story, which attracted our attention immediately.‎ ‎2．Though his grandfather is old, he is still quite energetic (energy) and travels from place to place.‎ ‎3．It's obvious that you can't spend all the time cleaning your room and keeping it organised (organise)．‎ ‎4．With the examination drawing near, all of the students are busy doing some revision (revise) every day.‎ ‎5．Making a good impression (impress) on the interviewers is of great importance during an interview.‎ ‎6．The experience in Tibet completely (complete) changed her — she has devoted herself to helping the poor children since last year.‎ ‎7．If you're serious about becoming a success, you must work hard.‎ ‎8．Strictly (strict) speaking, your opinion isn't the same with mine.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．这个年轻人不得不承认无证驾驶。(admit)‎ The young man had to admit_driving/having_driven without a driving permit.‎ ‎2．如果你能给我一个这样的机会来展示我的才能，我真的会非常感激。(appreciate)‎ I_would_really_appreciate_it_if you could give me such an opportunity to show my talent.‎ ‎3．我们应该尊重致力于美化我们城市的工人。(respect)‎ We should show_respect_for/respect_the_workers who devote themselves to beautifying our city.‎ ‎4．他是一个对学生有耐心的老师。(patient)‎ He is a teacher who is_patient_with his students.‎ ‎5．为了避免被认出来，他戴了一副墨镜。(avoid)‎ To_avoid_being_recognized,_he wore a pair of sunglasses.‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎1．make_sure　　　　　　　 确定；确信；查明；弄清楚 ‎2．agree_with [串记1] 同意；赞同；适合 ‎3．so_that (引起表示结果的从句)因此 ‎4．in_fact 事实上 ‎5．as_a_result [串记2] 结果；因此 ‎6．fall_asleep [串记3] 睡着 ‎7．come_on 快点；得了吧 ‎8．be_true_of 适用于 ‎9．have_problems_with 在……方面有问题 ‎10．do_well_in 在……方面干得好 ‎11．pay_for 为……而付钱 ‎12．tell_jokes [串记4] 讲笑话；开玩笑 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.agree相关短语多棱镜 ‎①agree with同意；赞同；适合　 ②agree to同意(计划)‎ ‎③agree on就……达成一致 ④agree about达成协议 串记2.“因此”一定要记住 ‎①as a result 结果；因此 ②so conj.因此；所以 ‎③thus adv.因此；于是 ④therefore adv.因此；所以 ‎⑤consequently adv.因此 ⑥as a consequence 因此 串记3.fall相关短语全扫描 ‎①fall asleep睡着 ②fall ill生病 ‎③fall apart破碎；散架 ④fall behind落后 ‎⑤fall in love with爱上 ⑥fall over 摔倒 串记4.生活中的多“讲讲”‎ ‎①tell a joke/jokes讲笑话 ②tell a lie/lies说谎 ‎③tell a story/stories讲故事 ④tell the truth说实话 ‎1．the first impression　　　　　 第一印象 ‎2．make a mistake/mistakes 犯错误 ‎3．be on time for sth. 准时做某事 ‎4．get excited/bored 兴奋/厌烦 ‎5．spoken English 英语口语 ‎6．be well organised 非常有条理 ‎7．make progress 取得进步 ‎8．have a choice 作出选择 ‎1．She's kind and patient, and she explains English grammar so_clearly_that even I can understand it!‎ 她和善且有耐心，她讲解的英语语法如此清楚，以至于连我都能明白！‎ ‎2．She's very strict — we don't dare to say a word unless_she_asks_us_to.她非常严厉——她要是不让我们说话，我们就一句话也不敢说。‎ ‎3．Physics will never be my favourite lesson, but I think that I'll do well in the exam with_Mrs_Chen_teaching_me.‎ 虽然物理永远不会是我最喜欢的课，但是我想有陈老师教我，我在考试中会取得好成绩的。‎ ‎4．I'd_rather_do_translation_than revision, Mr Stanton.‎ 斯坦顿老师，我宁愿做翻译练习也不愿复习。 ‎ ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　完形中的短语(补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2015·重庆高考完形填空) You're sleepy all day, but when it's time for bed, you can hardly fall_asleep (入睡)．‎ ‎2．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)Adolescents enter high school with great excitement but are soon looking forward to graduation.The same is_true_of (适用于) the young adults going to college.‎ 高考采撷(二)　写作中的句式(补全句子/翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·北京高考书面表达)最后，我们拍了一张合影，手里拿着杯子或茶，记录了这次难忘的经历。(with复合结构)‎ In the end, we took a group photo, with_cups_or_tea_in_our_hands,_to record this unforgettable experience.‎ ‎2．(2017·天津高考书面表达)你愿意再来访问天津以便我们再次相见吗？(so that引导的结果状语从句)‎ Will you please pay a visit to Tianjin again so_that_we_may_meet_again?‎ ‎3．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我们宁愿自己动手包美味的饺子而不愿给他们买一些。(would rather ...than ...)‎ We_would_rather_make_delicious_dumplings_with_our_own_hands_than_buy_some_for_them.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ ‎1．make sure 确定；确信；查明；弄清楚 ‎[记牢]‎ make sure of/about/that ...　 弄清楚；查明；确保 be sure of/about/that ... (主语)有把握，确信……‎ be sure to do sth. (主语)一定会做某事 for sure 确定地，无疑地 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I think he lives there but I couldn't say for sure.‎ ‎②You'd better make sure of/about the exact time of the arriving train.‎ 补全句子 ‎③First of all, parents should make_sure that their children receive a good school education.‎ 首先，父母应确保他们的孩子接受良好的学校教育。‎ ‎④If you go against nature, you are_sure_to_be_punished by nature.‎ 如果你违背大自然，你一定会被大自然惩罚的。‎ ‎[用准]　make sure一般不跟不定式， make sure后跟从句时，常用一般时代替将来时。‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑤(2017·北京高考书面表达)乘船，你可以欣赏两岸的美丽风景。我确信你会迷失在风景的宏伟和壮丽中。‎ Taking a ship, you can enjoy the beautiful scenery on both sides of it.I'm_sure_that_you_will_be_lost in the grandeur and splendor of the landscape.‎ ‎2．as a result 结果；因此 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)as a result of　　　　　 因为；由于 ‎(2)result in 导致；造成 result from 由……产生；因……引起 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空/补全句子/一句多译 ‎①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ) When fat and salt are removed from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.‎ ‎②Over the past decades, sea ice has decreased in the Arctic as_a_result_of global warming.‎ 过去数十年，由于全球变暖，北极海冰已经减少。‎ ‎③那次可怕的事故是由一个司机醉酒驾车而引起的。‎ ‎→The terrible accident resulted_from a driver's drunkdriving.‎ ‎→A driver's drunkdriving resulted_in the terrible accident.‎ ‎[用准]　result in“导致/造成……的结果”，相当于lead to/cause/bring about，后面跟表示结果的名词或动名词； result from “(由于……而)发生，产生”，相当于lie in，后跟表示原因的名词或动名词。‎ ‎[写美]　句型转换 ‎④He was too careless; as a result, he failed the English test.‎ ‎→He failed the English test as_a_result_of his carelessness.‎ ‎→His carelessness resulted_in his failure in the English test.‎ ‎→His failure in the English test resulted_from his carelessness.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ ‎1．with＋宾语＋宾语补足语 ‎[教材原句]　Physics will never be my favourite lesson, but I think that I'll do well in the exam with_Mrs_Chen_teaching_me.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)He stood in the rain, with_his_clothes_wet.‎ 他站在雨中，衣服湿透了。‎ ‎(2)He stood at the door，with_a_computer_in_his_hand.‎ 他站在门口，手里拿着一台电脑。‎ ‎(3)With so many people communicating (communicate) in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.‎ ‎(4)(2016·北京高考书面表达)With all the work done (do), we went to the nearby neighbourhood and gave them to the people living there.‎ ‎(5)With much work to_deal (deal) with, I have to stop listening to music.‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)with＋宾语＋形容词/副词 ‎(2)with＋宾语＋介词短语 ‎(3)with＋宾语＋现在分词 ‎(4)with＋宾语＋过去分词 ‎(5)with＋宾语＋动词不定式 注意事项 在“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，不定式表示将来的动作；现在分词说明这一动作和前面的宾语之间是主动关系，且指这一动作正在进行；过去分词说明这一动作与前面的宾语之间是被动关系，且指这一动作已完成。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work finished, he gladly accepted it.(开头句)‎ ‎(2)With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories.(要点句)‎ ‎2．would rather ...than ...‎ ‎[教材原句]　I'd_rather_do translation than_revision,_Mr Stanton.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)I would_rather_have my beloved mother than all the precious stones under the sun.‎ 我宁可只要我挚爱的母亲，而不要天下所有的宝石。‎ ‎(2)(2016·浙江高考) I said I couldn't stand it one minute longer.I would_rather_be in prison!‎ 我说我一分钟也坚持不下去了，我宁愿待在监狱里！‎ ‎(3)I'd rather not have_said that at the meeting.‎ 我宁愿在会议上没有说那件事。‎ ‎(4)I would rather you didn't_do anything for the time being.‎ 我宁愿你暂时先不要采取什么措施。‎ ‎(5)I'd rather you hadn't_told him the news that day.‎ 我宁愿你那天没告诉他这个消息。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)would rather do sth.than (do) sth.＝would do sth.rather than (do) sth.＝prefer to do sth.rather than (do) sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 ‎(2)would rather (not) do sth.宁愿(不)做某事 ‎(3)would rather (not) have done sth.宁愿(没)做过某事(对过去的虚拟) ‎ ‎(4)would rather sb.did (not) sth.宁愿某人(不)做某事(对现在和将来的虚拟) ‎ ‎(5)would rather sb.had (not) done sth.宁愿某人(没)做过某事(对过去的虚拟)‎ 注意事项 ‎(1)使用would rather ...than ...句型时要注意平行结构，即than的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个名词、两个介词短语等。‎ ‎(2)牢记would rather 后跟that从句要用虚拟语气。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)Nowadays some teenagers would rather chat online with strangers than talk with their parents face to face./ Nowadays some teenagers would chat online with strangers rather than talk with their parents face to face.(开头句)‎ ‎(2)The teenagers think their parents don't understand them so they prefer to talk to their friends rather than tell their parents their problems.(要点句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 make great progress， make sure， tell jokes， as a result， in fact， fall asleep， do well in， have problems with ‎1．The father made_sure that all the lights went off before he went to bed.‎ ‎2．I read a short English article every day and write an English composition every other day, which enables me to make_great_progress in both reading and writing.‎ ‎3．These trees need lots of land to grow.As_a_result,_thousands of acres of rainforests in that area are being destroyed to make room for them.‎ ‎4．Millions of people all over the world use the word “OK”．In_fact,_some people say the word is used more often than any other word in the world.‎ ‎5．Mrs Black has some difficulty falling_asleep,_so she often listens to some soft music to help herself sleep.‎ ‎6．Mr Lin often makes his class lively and interesting by ‎ telling_jokes sometimes.‎ ‎7．People with poor anger management are more likely to have_problems_with personal relationships.‎ ‎8．Jane does_well_in every subject, which makes her parents happy and proud.‎ Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．除非你需要更多的空间来放行李，否则一辆小汽车对一家三口来说就足够了。(unless引导的条件状语从句)‎ A small car is big enough for a family of three unless_you_need_more_space_for_baggage.‎ ‎2．为了过低碳生活，一些人宁愿坐公共汽车也不愿开车去上班。(would rather ...than ...)‎ To live a lowcarbon life, some people would_rather_take_the_bus_than_drive_a_car to work.‎ ‎3．(2017·天津高考书面表达)随着高考临近，我真的希望和您说说心里话。(with复合结构)‎ With_the_College_Entrance_Examination_approaching,_I really hope to have a hearttoheart talk with you!‎ ‎4．我们做得如此出色以至于我们被邀请向全校的学生介绍我们的想法和经验。(so ...that ...引导的结果状语从句)‎ We did so_well_that_we_were_invited_to_share_our_idea_and_experience_with all the students of our school.‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 假定你是李华， 请你根据以下提示给你的美国笔友Tom写一封电子邮件，介绍一下你的数学老师。内容要点包括：‎ ‎1．工作态度；‎ ‎2．教学方法；‎ ‎3．学生态度；‎ ‎4．你的观点。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 ‎1．审题：①文体：应用文之电子邮件 ②人称：第一、三人称 ③时态：一般现在时 ‎2．结构：开头点明写信目的；主体部分根据题目中所给的4个要点介绍数学老师；结尾表达希望和请求。‎ ‎3．拟点：题目所给的4个要点比较宽泛(属于半开放作文)，写作时应细化；如介绍数学老师的工作态度可用“有耐心并且严格要求学生”；介绍教学方法时可用“讲课有条理，上课让学生感到放松”； 在介绍学生态度时可用“尊重和感激”；表达个人观点时可联系生活自由发挥。写作时注意要点全面，不能有遗漏和省略。‎ 开头语：我写信告知你我的数学老师。‎ I_am_writing_to_tell_you_my_maths_teacher.‎ 要点1：他是一个有耐心且精力充沛的人。他在学习上对我们要求严格。(patient, energetic, strict)‎ He_is_a_patient_and_energetic_person.He_is_strict_with_us_in_our_study.‎ 要点2－①：他讲课有条理。(organised)‎ His_teaching_is_well_organised.‎ 要点2－②：他的课让我们感到放松。(relaxed)‎ His_lessons_make_us_relaxed.‎ 要点3－①：我承认上他的课我会全神贯注。(admit)‎ I_admit_that_I_put_my_heart_into_his_lessons.‎ 要点3－②：我们大家都非常尊敬他并且感激他的帮助。(respect, appreciate)‎ All_of_us_respect_him_very_much_and_appreciate_his_help.‎ 要点4：我相信有他教我们，我们会取得很大的进步。(make progress, with复合结构)‎ I_believe_we_will_make_great_progress_with_him_teaching_us.‎ 结尾语：你能给我介绍一下你特别喜欢的老师吗？期望收到你的来信。‎ Can_you_introduce_your_favourite_teacher_to_me?_I_am_looking_forward_to_hearing_from_you.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 为了使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行必要的拓展，让要点在内容上和形式上更丰满。例如：要点2－①添加结果状语从句来表达“讲课有条理”所带来的效果；要点2－②中增加“他的课让我们感到放松”的具体体现，如“他讲笑话来确保我们对他的课感兴趣”“没人在他的课上睡觉”来丰富要点；要点3－①中可添加though引导的让步状语从句来对比说明“我”上数学课的前后态度变化。‎ 拓展要点2－①：他讲课如此有条理以至于每个学生理解起来都很容易。(用so ...that引导的结果状语从句)‎ His_teaching_is_so_well_organised_that_every_student_can_understand_him_easily.‎ 拓展要点2－②：他的课让我们感到放松。他讲笑话来确保我们对他的课感兴趣。没人在他的课上睡觉。(用不定式作目的状语)‎ His_lessons_make_us_relaxed.He_tells_jokes_to_make_sure_we_are_interested_in_his_class.No_one_falls_asleep_in_his_class.‎ 拓展要点3－①：尽管我以前讨厌数学，我承认上他的课我会全神贯注。(用though引导的让步状语从句)‎ Though_I_hated_maths_before,_I_admit_that_I_put_my_heart_into_his_lessons.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 根据要点间的逻辑顺序，在连句成文时可添加衔接词but， in fact， sometimes， as a result等使文章过渡自然，衔接紧密。‎ Dear_Tom，‎ I_am_writing_to_tell_you_my_maths_teacher.He_is_a_patient_and_energetic_person,_but_he_is_strict_with_us_in_our_study.His_teaching_is_so_well_organised_that_every_student_can_understand_him_easily.In_fact,_his_lessons_make_us_relaxed.Sometimes,_he_tells_jokes_to_make_sure_we_are_interested_in_his_class.As_a_result,_no_one_falls_asleep_in_his_class.Though_I_hated_maths_before,_I_admit_that_I_put_my_heart_into_his_lessons.All_of_us_respect_him_very_much_and_appreciate_his_help.I_believe_we_will_make_great_progress_with_him_teaching_us.‎ Can_you_introduce_your_favourite_teacher_to_me?_I_am_looking_forward_to_hearing_from_you.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua 理清文体结构之(二)　应用文之活动介绍——明活动特色，据题眼定答案 活动介绍类应用文常常包括多项活动，其结构和内容基本相同，但各个活动具有明显的特色，它们正是命题的切入点。抓住这些特色就抓住了解决此类文章的灵魂，做题时再根据题眼(题干中的关键词)与这些特色进行匹配，即可快速确定答案，从而做到“速读文，快答题”。‎ ‎[高考典例]　2018·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇 ‎[明活动特色]‎ ‎[高考典例]　2018·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇 ‎[读文解题技法]‎ 标题两要素：‎ 活动1◄‎ 四项各具特色的活动 活动2◄‎ 活动3◄‎ 地点、方式 Washington, D．C.Bicycle Tours ‎ Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D．C. ‎ Duration: 3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the worldfamous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D．C.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability — and the cherry blossoms — disappear！‎ Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)‎ Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D．C.‎ ‎1.由标题，明主题 从文章标题可看出，本文介绍了在华盛顿特区进行的自行车旅行活动。‎ ‎2.看分类，总体把握 由下面4个副标题可知，本文分类介绍了4项活动，包括行程和活动安排。‎ ‎3.划出特色，为解题做铺垫 活动4◄‎ ‎ Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.‎ Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D．C.‎ Duration: 3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D．C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.‎ Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (7 miles)‎ Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D．C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour ‎ 在4项活动的介绍中划出具有特色的字眼，因为这往往是命题的切入点，为后面解题奠定基础。‎ ‎4.找出题眼，比对“特色”定答案 找到题干中的题眼，然后到文中寻找读文时划出的“特色点”并与之比对，即可确定答案。‎ includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.‎ ‎[找出题眼·比对“特色”定答案]‎ ‎21．Which tour do you need to ？‎ A．Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D．C.‎ B．Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.‎ C．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D．C.‎ D．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.‎ ‎22. What will you do on the ？‎ A．Meet famous people.‎ B．Go to a national park.‎ C．Visit wellknown museums.‎ D．Enjoy interesting stories.‎ ‎23．Which of the following does the bicycle tour provide?‎ A．City maps.　　　　　 B．Cameras.‎ C．Meals. D．Safety lights.‎ ‎[答案]　21.A　22.D　23.D ‎21．题眼活动1中划出的特色“Reserve”，根据同义释义确定答案 ‎22．题眼活动3中划出的特色“the most interesting stories”，直接确定答案 ‎23．题眼活动4中划出的特色，直接确定答案