2020-2021学年高一英语重点词汇真题训练 Welcome unit

2020-2021学年高一英语重点词汇真题训练 Welcome unit

2020-2021 学年高一英语重点词汇真题训练 Welcome unit 一、完形填空(共 40 分) (本题 40 分)（2017·全国高考真题） While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.I myself went through this 1 process and found something that has changed my 2 at college for the better：I discovered ASL－ American Sign Language (美式手语)． I never felt an urge to 3 any sign language before.My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends.The 4 languages were enough in all my interactions (交往)．Little did I know that I would discover my 5 for ASL. The 6 began during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club 7 their translation of a song.Both the hand movements and the very 8 of communicating without speaking 9 me.What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 10 ．This newness just left me 11 more. After that, feeling the need to 12 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club's meetings.I only learned how to 13 the alphabet that day.Yet instead of being discouraged by my 14 progress, I was excited.I then made it a point to 15 those meetings and learn all I could. The following term, I 16 an ASL class.The professor was deaf and any talking was 17 ．I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 18 ， if there had been any talking, it would have 19 us to learn less.Now, I appreciate the silence and the 20 way of communication it opens. 1．(2 分)A．searching B．planning C．natural D．formal 2．(2 分)A．progress B．experience N C．major D．opinion 3．(2 分)A．choose B．read C．learn D．create 4．(2 分)A．official B．foreign C．body D．spoken 5．(2 分)A．love B．concern C．goal D．request 6．(2 分)A．meeting B．trip C．story D．task 7．(2 分)A．recorded B．performed C．recited D．discussed 8．(2 分)A．idea B．amount C．dream D．reason 9．(2 分)A．disturbed B．supported C．embarrassed D．attracted 10．(2 分)A．end B．past C．course D．distance 11．(2 分)A．showing B．acting C．saying D．wanting 12．(2 分)A．exercise B．explore C．express D．explain 13．(2 分)A．print B．write C．sign D．count 14．(2 分)A．slow B．steady C．normal D．obvious 15．(2 分)A．chair B．sponsor C．attend D．organize 16．(2 分)A．missed B．passed C．gave up D．registered for 17．(2 分)A．prohibited B．welcomed C．ignored D．repeated 18．(2 分)A．Lastly B．Thus C．Instead D．However 19．(2 分)A．required B．caused C．allowed D．expected 20．(2 分)A．easy B．popular C．quick D．new 评卷人 得分 二、阅读选择(共 32 分) (本题 8 分)（2015·浙江高考真题）B Graph can be a very useful tool for conveying information especially numbers， percentages, and other data . A graph gives the reader a picture to interpret. That can be a lot more pages and pages and pages explaining the data . Graphs can seem frightening, but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story. The graph has a title ,a main idea ,and supporting details .You can use your active reading skills to analyze and understand graphs just like any other text . Most graphs have a few basic parts: a caption or introduction paragraph, a title , a legend or key, and labeled axes. An active reader looks at each part of the graph before trying to interpret the data. Captions will usually tell you where the data came from (for example, a scientific study of 400 African elephants from 1980 to 2005). Captions usually summarize the author's main point as well. The title is very important. It tells you the main idea of the graph by stating what kind of information is being shown. A legend, also called a key ,is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph. Many graphs, including bar graphs and line graphs, have two axes that form a corner, Usually these axes are the left side and the bottom of the graph .Each axis will always have a label. The label tells you what each axis measures. Bar Graphs A bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts. In Graph 1 ,we see that the x-axis shows grades that students earned, and the y-axis shows bow many students earned each grade .You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement. There is a lot of information we can get from a simple graph like this(See Graph 1). Line Graphs A line graph looks similar to a bar graph ,but instead of Bars, it plots points and connects them with a line .It has the same parts as a bar graph – two labeled axes –and can be read the same way .To read a line graph, it’s important to focus on the points of intersection rather than the line segments between the points, This type of graph is most commonly used to show how something changes over time. Here is a graph that charts how far a bird flies during the first Five days of its spring migration (See Graph 2). The unit of measurement for the x-axis is days. The unit of measurement for the y-axis is kilometers. Thus we can see that ,on the first day, the pipit flew 20 kilometers. The line segment goes up between Day 1 and Day 2,which means that the bird flew farther on Day 2.If the line segment angled dawn, as between Day 4 and Day 5,it would mean that the bird flew fewer kilometers than the day before. This line graph is a quick, visual way to tell the reader about the bird’s migration. Pie Graphs A typical pie graph looks like a circular pie. The circle is divided into sections, and each section represents a fraction of the data. The graph is commonly used to show percentages; the whole pie represents l00 percent, so each piece is a fraction of the whole. A pie graph might include a legend，or it might use icons or labels within each slice. This pie graph shows on month’s expense, (See Graph 3 ). Food $ 25 Movies $ 12 Clothing $ 36 Savings $ 20 Books $ 7 21．(2 分)When used in a graph，a legend is_____ A．a guide to the symbols and colors B．an introduction paragraph C．the main idea D．the data 22．(2 分)What is the total number of students who earned a C or better ? A．4. B．6. C．10. D．20 . 23．(2 分)The bird covered the longest distance on _____ A．Day 1 B．Day 2 C．Day 3 D．Day 4 24．(2 分)Which of the following cost Amy most ? A．Food. B．Books C．Movies D．Clothing. (本题 8 分)（2017·全国高考真题） I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful. I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety. I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree. The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down. Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring. A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so. 25．(2 分)What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according to paragraph 1? A．Efforts made in vain. B．Getting injured in his work. C．Feeling uncertain about his future. D．Creatures forced out of their homes. 26．(2 分)Why was the author called to Muttontown? A．To rescue a woman. B．To take care of a woman. C．To look at a baby owl. D．To cure a young owl. 27．(2 分)What made the chick calm down? A．A new nest. B．Some food. C．A recording. D．Its parents. 28．(2 分)How would the author feel about the outcome of the event? A．It’s unexpected. B．It’s beautiful. C．It’s humorous. D．It’s discouraging. (本题 10 分)（2017·天津高考真题） Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climbing up a hill for a panoramic(全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama. Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view. Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didn’t want to mess with that. Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow coms to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it. This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I don’t even know has been immortalized(使……永存). In some ways, she lives in my house. Perhaps we all live in each others’ space. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us. That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass. 29．(2 分)What happened when the author was about to take a photo? A．Her camera stopped working. B．A woman blocked her view. C．Someone asked her to leave D．A friend approached from behind. 30．(2 分)According to the author, the woman was probably_______. A．enjoying herself B．losing her patience C．waiting for the sunset D．thinking about her past 31．(2 分)In the author’s opinion, what makes the photo so alive? A．The rich color of the landscape. B．The perfect positioning of the camera. C．The woman’s existence in the photo. D．The soft sunlight that summer day. 32．(2 分)The photo on the bedroom wall enables the author to better understand ________. A．the need to be close to nature B．the importance of private space C．the joy of the vacation in Italy D．the shared passion for beauty 33．(2 分)The passage can be seen as the author’s reflections upon _______. A．a particular life experience B．the pleasure of traveling C．the art of photography D．a lost friendship (本题 6 分)（2017·浙江高考真题） Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. According to a new survey(调查) by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school. How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal(理想的). But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10- to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV. “More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities(机会) to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone,” says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can zxxk get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers’ bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm. Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results. 34．(2 分)What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on? A．American kids’ sleeping habits. B．Teenagers’ sleep-related diseases. C．Activities to prevent sleeplessness. D．Learning problems and lack of sleep. 35．(2 分)How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day? A．7 hours. B．8 hours. C．10 hours. D．18 hours. 36．(2 分)Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon? A．They are affected by certain body chemicals. B．They tend to do things that excite them. C．They follow their parents’ examples. D．They don’t need to go to school early. 评卷人 得分 三、阅读表达(共 10 分) (本题 10 分)（2019·天津高考真题）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 My teacher Peter Bullock proved that science wasn’t boring and made physics great fun. In every lesson he would produce one of those worksheets in purple ink that smelled fresh from the machine. Every sheet contained a poem or a joke and we looked forward to them being handed out. I’ve kept them all to show to my own children. There was one poem in particular that’s stayed in my memory, which went: In early days Man measured Time By sunrise and sunset sublime; As well as being able to turn physics into poetry, Peter had energy and passion and conveyed the sense that science was part of the world around you and not a dull boring academic discipline. I’m sure he was sticking pretty much to the standard topics—waves and electricity and so on—but he managed to convert everything into a joke or a story and did so in a clever and imaginative way. Peter Bullock was not only an exciting teacher, but also the man who founded the debate club in my school. He encouraged me to take part and express myself in a forceful way that I’ve been doing ever since—and getting paid for it. That made me what I am today—a commercial lawyer. Peter Bullock taught me throughout my secondary schooling and I took physics, chemistry and maths at A-level. Everyone in his class enjoyed learning. He was inspiring. He turned me on to the idea that the things you are interested in might seem dull on the surface, but you can still excite others. For example, when I tell people I’m interested in law, they may think: “How boring.” I guess being a physics teacher is much the same. Peter showed me that what matters is how you convey your own passion so that you excite other people. 37．(2 分)Why did the students expect to get the worksheets in Peter’s class? (no more than 10 words) 38．(2 分)What is the meaning of the underlined word in Para. 2? (1 word) 39．(2 分)What does Para. 3 mainly tell us? (no more than 15 words) 40．(2 分)How did Peter make his students interested in the things that seem dull? (no more than 10 words) 41．(2 分)What do you think is the most important quality of a good teacher? Please explain. (no more than 20 words) 评卷人 得分 四、七选五(共 10 分) (本题 10 分)（2018·浙江高考真题） Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of your neighborhood . the easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. 42．(2 分) Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property(房产) neat, clean, and in good repair. 43．(2 分) By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area. Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously,. When going for a walk. Take a small garbage bag. 44．(2 分) This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area. 45．(2 分) If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping . Let them know you are there to help in any way this acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor. 46．(2 分) By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciate. A．In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone. B．A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways. C．Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior. D．Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping. E.Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up. F.People tend to lake pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting. G.Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly 评卷人 得分 五、短文改错(共 10 分) (本题 10 分)（2016·全国高考真题）短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言 错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me . They were also the best and worse years in my life . At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time , I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help. 47．(1 分)48．(1 分)49．(1 分)50．(1 分)51．(1 分) 52．(1 分)53．(1 分)54．(1 分)55．(1 分)56．(1 分) 评卷人 得分 六、用单词的适当形式完成短文(共 20 分) (本题 20 分)（2017·全国高考真题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形 式。 She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term57．(2 分)(rest). Instead, she is earning £6500 a day as 58．(2 分)model in New York. Sarah59．(2 分) (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 60．(2 分)has taken part in shows along with top models, wants61．(2 分)(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her62．(2 分) (educate). She has turned down several 63．(2 分)(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree64．(2 分)engineering or architecture. Sarah says, ＂My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 65．(2 分) (come) first. I don’t want to put too much in modeling. It is66．(2 分) (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.” 评卷人 得分 七、提纲类作文(共 28 分) 67．(本题 28 分)（2018·全国高考真题） 你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知， 请大家观看一部英语短片 Growing Together，内容包括： (1)短片内容：学校的发展； (2)放映时间、地点； (3)欢迎对短片提出意见。 注意： (1)词数 100 左右； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考答案 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．C 16．D 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．D 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在大学期间学习手语的经历。刚开始作者认为自己没有必要学 习手语，直到有一次看到手语俱乐部的表演，深深地为之吸引，从而产生了学习手语的渴望。 1．考查形容词辨析。A. searching 寻找的，探索的；B. planning 计划的；C. natural 自然的；D. formal 正式的。句意：我自己经历了这个探索的过程根据前文可知大学为探索提供了舞台，所以这里指的 是作者“探索”的过程。故选 A。 2．考查名词辨析。A. progress 进步；B. experience 经历；C. major 主修科目；D. opinion 观点句意： 我发现有些东西改变了我的大学生活经历。分析可知故选 B。 3．考查动词辨析。A. choose 选择；B. read 看，读；C. learn 学习；D. create 创造。句意：我以前从 没有过学习手语的冲动 分析可知故选 C。 4．考查形容词辨析。A. official 官方的；B. foreign 外国的；C. body 肢体的；D. spoken 口语的 根据 前文 My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends.可知作者的家人及朋友都可以听得到，作者认 为在平时的交流中，再加上肢体语言就足够了。body language 肢体语言。故选 D。 5．考查名词辨析。A. love 热爱；B. concern 关心，顾虑；C. goal 目标；D. request 请求。句意：我没 想过我会发现自己对美式手语的热爱。前文中 I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before 作者 表明以前从未想过学习手语，而根据后文内容可知作者非常喜欢手语。故选 A。 6．考查名词辨析。A. meeting 会议；B. trip 旅行；C. story 故事；D. task 任务。句意：故事发生在我 上大学的第一周。分析可知在这里作者开始讲述在大学学习手语的事情，故选 C。 7．考查动词辨析。A. recorded 记录；B. performed 表现，表演；C. recited 背诵；D. discussed 讨论。 句意：在 ASL 俱乐部表演一首歌的翻译时，我正观看着。分析可知 ASL 俱乐部是手语俱乐部，应该 是在用手语表演一首歌。故选 B。 8．考查名词辨析。A. idea 想法；B. amount 数量；C. dream 梦想；D. reason 原因。句意：手部的动 作和不用语言进行交流的想法吸引了我。分析可知，作者当时在看手语表演，而手语就是为了想借 助手势进行交流。故选 A。 9．考查动词辨析。A. disturbed 打扰；B. supported 支持；C. embarrassed 使……难堪；D. attracted 吸 引。分析语境可知 ASL 俱乐部的表演吸引了作者，否则作者也不会去学习手语。故选 D。 10．考查名词辨析。A. end 结束，末尾；B. past 过去；C. course 课程；D. distance 距离。句意：我所 看到的和我在过去经历的事情完全不同。固定短语 in the past（在过去）， 故选 B。 11．考查动词辨析。A. showing 展示；B. acting 行动；C. saying 说；D. wanting 想要。句意：这种新 奇的感觉使我想了解更多。分析语境可知作者被手语吸引，想要进一步了解，所以也有了后文中的 参加手语俱乐部的会议，上手语课的经历。故选 D。 12．考查动词辨析。A. exercise 锻炼；B. explore 探索；C. express 表达；D. explain 解释。句意：在 那之后，我感觉到想要探索更多关于手语的东西，我参加了 ASL 俱乐部的一次会议。故选 B。 13．考查动词辨析。A. print 打印；B. write 写；C. sign 签名；打手势；D. count 数。句意：那天我只 学会了写字母表。分析可知作者第一次参加手语俱乐部的会议，学会的应该是最基本的写字母表。 当然，打印字母表、在字母表上签名、数字母表和学习手语都没有联系。故选 C。 14．考查形容词辨析。A. slow 缓慢的；B. steady 平稳的；C. normal 正常的；D. obvious 明显的。句 意：我并没有因为缓慢的进步而沮丧，相反我很兴奋。因为作者只学会了写字母表，所以进步是很 慢的。故选 A。 15．考查动词辨析。A. chair 主持；使……入座；B. sponsor 赞助；C. attend 参加；D. organize 组织。 句意：我下定决心参加俱乐部所有的会议去学习我能学习的一切。attend meeting：参加会议，故选 C。 16．考查动词辨析。A. missed 错过，想念；B. passed 通过；C. gave up 放弃；D. registered for 报名注 册。句意：接下来的一个学期，我报名上了一个手语班。故选 D。 17．考查动词辨析。A. prohibited 禁止；B. welcomed 欢迎；C. ignored 忽视；D. repeated 重复。句意： 教授的耳朵听不见，任何口语交流都是禁止的。根据后文 if there had been any talking 可知在课堂上 没有口语交流。故选 A。 18．考查副词辨析。A. Lastly 最后，终于；B. Thus 因此；如此；C. Instead 反而；D. However 然而。 句意：反而，如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。根据前文 I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.可知作者很快意识到安静并不是令人不愉快的。反而有口语交流会影响手 语的学习。故选 C。 19．考查动词辨析。A. required 要求；B. caused 造成；C. allowed 允许；D. expected 期待。句意：如 果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。故选 B。 20．考查形容词辨析。A. easy 简单的；B. popular 受欢迎的；C. quick 快速的；D. new 新的。句意： 现在我很感激当时的安静并且享受它带来的一种新的交流方式 分析可知手语对于作者来说是一种 新的交流方式，故选 D。 21．A 22．D 23．C 24．D 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。这是一篇说明文介绍图表的类型以及相关作用，通过对条形图、线形图和饼形图 的介绍，让学生学会读图，解决实际问题。 21．细节理解题。根据第三段第六行 A legend, also called a key ,is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph.” 可知，图例，也称为键，是图形中使用的符号和颜色的指南。故选 A 项。 22．细节理解题。根据 Bar Graphs 部分中的图表可知，得到 A 等级的学生有 6 人，B 等级的学生有 10 人，C 等级的学生有 4 人，故 C 等级以上的学生人数为 20(6+l0+4)人。故选 D 项。 23．细节理解题。根据 Line Graphs 部分第二段并结合图表可知，第三天这只鸟飞翔了 70 千米，这 是它这些天飞行最长的距离。故选 C 项。 24．细节理解题。根据扇形图可以得出 Clothing 占比例最多。故选 D。 25．A 26．C 27．A 28．B 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了作者救助一只小猫头鹰，给它做新的窝，帮助它回到父母身边 的故事。 25．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的 Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain.可知，救助受伤动物是令人心碎的，因为不知道救助的动物是 否能活下去，也就是为救助动物而花费的努力可能会白费，这是不可避免的。故选 A。 26．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的 She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl 可知，有人给作者打电话是因为有只小猫头鹰掉在地上了，作者赶过去看 看情况。文中并没有说小猫头鹰受伤了，作者只是过去看情况，所以 D 选项错误。故选 C。 27．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的 I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down 可知， 在作者把小猫头鹰放在窝里之后，它很快就安静下来，所以是窝让小猫头鹰安静下来的。故选 A。 28．推理判断题。根据前文描述可知，作者为小猫头鹰做了窝，并且帮助它找回了它的父母。小猫 头鹰的父母还为它带回了午餐。作者的救助成功了，说明结局是美好的。再结合第一段的 However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.可推测，作者感觉很美好。故选 B。 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．A 【解析】 【分析】 试题分析：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述作者在无奈的情况下拍摄的一张被一 位女士干扰的照片的故事，向读者描述了这样的照片反而显得更生动，我们应该懂得共 享美丽，理解分享美丽的重要性。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段句子 Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view.可知，当作者要拍照时， 一位女士挡住了她的视线。故选 B。 30．推理判断题。根据第二段句子 Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.可推断，这位女士像作者一样，在欣赏风景，玩得很高兴。故选 A。 31．细节理解题。根据第四段句子 And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting.可推断，作者认为，是照片中的女士的存在让照片更 加生动。故选 C。 32．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段句子 Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.可推断，作者卧室里的照片提醒我们我们要共享美丽，更 好地理解分享美丽的重要性。故选 D。 33．推理判断题。根据倒数句子 Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.和第一段句子 That photo is a reminder, a captured（捕捉到的）moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.可推 断，这篇文章是作者对一次特殊的生活经历的反思。故选 A。 34．A 35．C 36．B 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇议论文。首先用数据告诉我们美国孩子睡眠状况堪忧，接着告诉我们孩子在不同年龄段需 要不同的睡眠时间，然后分析了孩子晚睡的原因，最后介绍了一些学校为了让孩子们有更多的睡眠 时间而推迟了上课的时间。 34．细节理解题，根据第一段“According to a new survey(调查) by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.”可知，第一段向我们说明美国有 51%的 10 到 18 岁的孩子上床睡 觉的时间偏晚，也调查了 60%的 7 到 12 岁的孩子在白天感到疲惫，15%的孩子会在学校睡着，所以 这些调查都是关于美国孩子的睡眠习惯的。故选 A 项。 35．细节理解题，根据第二段“For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal”可知，11 岁的上学小孩 子的睡眠时间需要 10 个小时，故选 C 项。 36．细节理解题，根据第三段“She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep”,可知， Carskadon 说，睡前的这些活动会让孩子们兴奋不已，让他 们难以平静下来入睡。所以 Carskadon 认为孩子们睡觉晚的原因是他们会在睡前做一些让他们兴奋 的活动。故选 B 项。 【名师点睛】 本文属于议论类短文，所考查三题均为细节题中的直接理解题。细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文 章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直 接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要学生读懂文章，就 能得分，属于低层次题。 在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决直接理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从 原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答 案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段 落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。 以本文小题二为例，我们根据题干中“How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day”11 岁的 孩子每天需要多少小时的睡眠时间，直接定位第二段第三句 For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal.可知上学的孩子需要 10 小时的理想睡眠时间，故选择 C 项。 37．(Because) every sheet contained/had a poem or a joke. Or: (Because) there was a poem/a joke on every sheet. Or: (Because) the worksheets were interesting/amusing. 38．Subject. Or: Field. Or: Area. 39．The author’s experience in the debate club contributed to his career. Or: The author benefited from his experience in the debate club. Or: Peter influenced the author’s career. Or: Peter played a very important role in the author’s life. Or: Peter founded the debate club, which helped the author to become a lawyer. 40．By conveying his own passion to the students. Or: He used poems, jokes and stories in his teaching. Or: By using creative teaching methods. 41．A good teacher should be passionate. This is important because a passionate teacher could excite the students. Or: A good teacher should be humorous. This is important because a humorous teacher makes learning easy and fun. Or: A good teacher should be knowledgeable. This is important because students could learn a lot from him/her. Or: Creativity is the most important quality to keep students interested and motivated. Or: A good teacher is supposed to love his/her students. Only those who are loved can learn how to love others. 【解析】 【分析】 本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己的物理老师彼得·布洛克。彼得不仅能把物理学变成诗歌，他还充满 活力和激情，传达出科学是你周围世界的一部分，而不是枯燥乏味的学术学科的感觉。彼得·布洛克 深深激励和影响了作者。 37．原文出处在第一自然段：Every sheet contained a poem or a joke and we looked forward to them being handed out.其中，looked forward to 语义是题干 expect to 的同义表达替换，结合连词 and 语义中所具 有的因果先后逻辑可知，此题的答案应该是 and 前文：Every sheet contained a poem or a joke。此题 难度不大，结合原文，直接抄写原句即可为正确答案。另请注意，根据 对参考答案的分析可知，回 答 Why 的问题时，because 这个词不一定必须写出， 因此也请考生注意字数要求。答案：(Because) every sheet contained/had a poem or a joke. Or: (Because) there was a poem/a joke on every sheet. Or: (Because) the worksheets were interesting/amusing. 38．原文下划线单词为第二自然段此处：not a dull boring academic discipline。原文第一自然段中的 背景为 Peter 老师是一个物理老师，他的课堂从不沉闷无聊，是因为他善于用诗歌或笑话来调动学生 们的学习兴趣。此处设空处的描述：Peter 老师向学生们传达的就是科学是一你所处的这个世界的一 部分，并不是一种 沉闷的学术 discipline. 结合“学术的”的搭配以及物理学科的前文背景，此处的 discipline 一词指的应该是学科的“科”字，也可是领域，区域，学科-- field/area/subject 答案：Subject. Or: Field. Or: Area. 39．归纳段意题目。倒数第二段介绍了这样的关键词: the debate club/take part/getting paid for it / I am today- a commercial lawyer，需要学生在快速阅读的过程中快速搞清故事的发展。Peter 老师所创办的 校内辩论俱乐部并在他的要求我也加入了进去，未来收到了回报，作者成为了律师。故段意归纳含 有以下意向即可算是正确的：影响/收 获/有助于/职业/未来工作/人生。答案：The author’s experience in the debate club contributed to his career. Or: The author benefited from his experience in the debate club. Or: Peter influenced the author’s career. Or: Peter played a very important role in the author’s life. Or: Peter founded the debate club, which helped the author to become a lawyer. 40．答案在最后一段。此题难度在于无法在原文中的一句话中攫取中能够作为答案的原句。题干中 的 interested（感兴趣的）与 seem dull（似乎无聊的）反复地、以不同表达出现在最后一段中，这就 需要学生们在不超过字数的前提下，能够高度概括。注意原文这两处表达 He turned me on to the idea (turn sb. on 意为 inspire)以及后文最后一句 you convey your own passion so that you excite other people， 可知，想表达的意思为“传递激情影响学生”。答案：By conveying his own passion to the students. Or: He used poems, jokes and stories in his teaching. Or: By using creative teaching methods. 41．半开放式题。此题问的是你认为好老师的最重要的品质是什么。考生需要在字数要求下，写出 自认为教师应该具有的品质是什么，再由 because 引导一个从句加以解释即可。可以根据本篇文章作 者讲述自己的物理老师的优点，概括出教师应该具有的品质。根据第一段内容，作者的物理老师用 紫色墨水在每一张纸上写上一首诗或一个笑话发给学生，可知老师是热情的，有爱心的；物理老师 在讲述枯燥的科学原理的时候，尽可能用笑话或故事的形式来讲，这说明老师是幽默的，知识渊博 的；根据老师创办了辩论俱乐部，可知老师是热情的，有创造力的。答案可以是热情的，幽默的， 有创造力的等，所以答案为：A good teacher should be passionate. This is important because a passionate teacher could excite the students. Or: A good teacher should be humorous. This is important because a humorous teacher makes learning easy and fun. Or: A good teacher should be knowledgeable. This is important because students could learn a lot from him/her. Or: Creativity is the most important quality to keep students interested and motivated. Or: A good teacher is supposed to love his/her students. Only those who are loved can learn how to love others. 42．G 43．F 44．E 45．B 46．C 【解析】 【分析】 怎样成为一个邻居都喜欢的人，作者给了几点建议。 42．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲如果你想成为邻居中一个可以接受和有价值的部 分，最简单的方法就是确保你的行为举止像一个好邻居。下文是具体做法，G 项（这里有一些技巧， 可以帮助你迅速赢得邻居的信赖。）承上启下，故选 G。 43．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段介绍和邻居关系融洽最重要的是保持干净整洁的户 内户外环境，F 项中 People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.(人们 往往会自豪于保持街上的一切新鲜和诱人)与本段意思一致，故选 F。 44．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要建议要重视社区的整体面貌，出门拿上一个垃 圾袋，E 项 Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.(遇到从路过的汽 车里扔出的废纸，把它捡起来。)与上句连接，是举例说明拿垃圾袋的作用。故选 E。 45．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段是建议用邻居可以接受的方式帮助他们，同时尊重 邻居的隐私。B 项 A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.(好邻居就是喜欢在小 的方面帮助别人的人)符合本段内容，故选 B。 46．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。最后一段是总结，只要我们考虑周到，尊重他人，照顾 好属于自己的东西，为周围的人感到自豪，很快就会成为一个大家都喜欢的好邻居。C 项中 considerate behavior 是下文内容的概括，故选 C。 点睛：七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之 间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基 本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。 分析本文的语篇结构，可以知道第一段先引出话题，本段最后一句是文章的主题句，然后接下来各 段都是阐述一种方法，是总分总结构。每段开头都是本段的主题句，要弄清每段主题句和段落内容 的联系，判断正确答案。小题 3 本段主要建议要重视社区的整体面貌，出门拿上一个垃圾袋，E 项 （遇到从路过的汽车里扔出的废纸，把它捡起来。）与上句连接，是举例说明拿垃圾袋的作用。故选 E。 47．year—years 48．worse—worst 49．the 去掉 50．yourself—myself 51．such—so 52．tell—told 53．freely—free 54．wear—wearing 55．to—for 56．I ∧need 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了 13 岁到 19 岁时自己的状态，那时作者觉得自己能做任何事情，但是 父母总是指导着自己该做什么，作者认为父母不理解自己。而如今作者就要就要独立了，要离开家 上大学了，作者觉得自己要帮助的时候，还是希望父母能够帮助自己。 47．考查名词复数。year—years 考查名词复数。13-19 岁是复数概念，year 是可数名词，故把 year 改为 years。 48．考查形容词最高级。根据前句“13-19 岁是最困难的时期”可知，应该使用最高级；and 表并列， 根据 best 可知，and 连接了两个最高级，故把 worse 改为 worst。 49．考查固定短语。at first 起初，是固定词组，不需要冠词，故把 the 去掉。 50．考查反身代词。句意：我认为我什么都知道，可以自己拿主意了。这里指作者自己做决定，根 据主语 I 可知，应该用 myself，故把 yourself 改为 myself。 51．考查 so/such 的用法。 my parents didn’t seem to think so 我的父母似乎不这样认为，so 指代上一 句的内容，故把 such 改为 so。 52．考查时态。通篇回忆过去的事情，使用的一般过去时，故把 tell 改为 told。 53．查形容词。be 后跟形容词构成系表结构，be free from...摆脱......，不受......的影响，故把 freely 改为 free。 54．考查动名词。by 是介词，意为“通过”，后跟名词／代词或动名词，故把 wear 改为 wearing。 55．考查介词。leave sp for sp 离开某地前往另一地，college 是目的地，故把 to 改为 for。 56．考查状语从句。本句为 whenever 引导让步状语从句，意为“无论何时，随时”，从句缺少主语， 根据句意可知，这里指“我”需要父母的帮助，故在 whenever 后加 I。 57．resting 58．a 59．has been told/was told 60．who 61．to prove 62．education 63．invitations 64．in 65．comes 66．certainly 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇人物传记。短文介绍了纽约市 16 岁的高中女孩萨拉，她不仅学习成绩好，长得漂亮，而且 是一名收入不菲的时装模特。她爸爸希望她退学专门从事模特行业，但是她以学业为重，坚持学业 和工作两不误。 57．考查非谓语动词。spend…(in) doing sth 是固定句式，意为“花……做某事”。故填 resting。 58．考查冠词。根据句意和语境可知，萨拉只是纽约众多模特中的一个，是泛指；而且 model 的第 一个音素是辅音音素，故用不定冠词 a。故填 a。 59．考查动词的时态和语态。 tell 后接双宾语， 因此可判断此句用被动语态；再根据后面句子的时 态可判断用现在完成时或一般过去时。故答案为 has been told/was told。 60．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空后面是一个定语从句，缺少连接词，代指先行词 Sarah, 在 从句中作主语。故填 who。 61．考查动词不定式。want to do sth 为固定搭配，故用动词不定式。故填 to prove。 62．考查名词。前面是形容词性物主代词 her，故用名词形式。故填 education。 63．考查名词复数。根据句意“她拒绝了几个邀请”可知，此处需要填名词，而且 invitation 是可数名 词，前面有 several 修饰，故用复数形式 invitations。 64．考查介词。get a degree in 是固定搭配，意为“在……方面获得学位”。故填 in。 65．考查动词的时态。根据 at the moment可知这个句子应用一般现在时，而且主语是单数，故用 comes。 66．考查副词。certainly 在此处修饰形容词 fun。故填 certainly。 67．One possible version: Boys and girls, I have good news for you. The English film Growing Together made by our teachers and some senior students will be displayed this weekend. It shows us the whole history of school’s development, which is I think the attraction to us. If you are curious about the history of our school or concerned about its future, you mustn’t miss this excellent opportunity! Besides, all your suggestions and comments about this film will be welcome. It will be displayed in the School Film Hall, from 9:00 am to 10:00 am, June 9th, Saturday. That’s all. Thank you. The Students Union June 8, 2018 【解析】 英语书面通知的时态应该以一般将来时为主，多使用被动语态、简单句。在通知中不应当过度的使 用较复杂的词语和读起来拗口的句子。 第二个注意点：层次一定要清晰，一个层次要表达一件事情，使人看起来一目了然。