2018届二轮复习书面表达之图画类解题指导课件（52张）

2018届二轮复习书面表达之图画类解题指导课件（52张）

2018 届二轮复习 书面表达之 图画类 漫画类作文要求考生能够根据漫画所提供的信息叙述事情并发表感想，对考生的观察力、想象力、逻辑分析能力及语言组织能力提出了很高要求。 知识梳理 漫画作文属于“记叙加议论”模式的写作。由于图片反映并揭示社会生活中的一些热点问题，如公共道德、家庭教育等，因而这类作文的思想性比较强，要求考生具有一定的观察问题和分析问题的能力，能透过现象看到问题的本质。 【写作指导 】 写作前应先认真看图，正确认识其深刻寓意。在观察图片时需要联系实际生活，合理发挥想象力去填充画面未完全体现的情景，图片为我们揭示了什么？以此确定全文的论述中心。 根据画面所表现的人物和场景，我们可以想象一个故事或情节，用一般现在时或现在进行时讲述此时此刻发生的事情。一般用第三人称。 漫画类作文的图画包括组图、对比图、单张图三类。 组图一般由多幅图片构成，通常为记叙文； 对比图要求观察出两幅或三幅图之间的不同，分析产生这种变化的原因； 单张图通过生动的图画传递深刻的思想，需在描述图片的基础上发表感想或分析问题，通常要写议论文。 1. 写作步骤： 1) 认真审图，确立主题。 2) 围绕主题，提炼要点。 3) 合理想象，补充要点。 4) 确定时态，写出要点。 5) 连句成篇，自然过渡。 2. 解题关键 1) 看图记叙文的写作 看图记叙文的写作要注意把握写作素材的时间、地点、人物 , 以及事件的叙述 , 还需要叙述从故事中要吸取的教训或受到的教育。叙述可以适当采用倒叙的方式 , 或按事件发生顺序进行描写 , 对话类的语言要改为间接引语。 2) 看图说明文的写作 对于说明文体的看图作文 , 要观察图画材料 , 找出所有内容 , 然后按一定顺序有条理地阐述。叙述顺序 : 时间顺序、空间顺序和逻辑顺序 ( 比如按图画反映的数字大小进行叙述 ) 。注意文章开头与结尾的呼应。 3) 看图议论文的写作 认真阅读漫画 , 把握图的意义 , 要注意隐含的观点与意图 , 联系实际进行思考与阐述。 一般分为两个部分 : ① 介绍图画的内容。 ② 根据漫画内容进行与之相关的评论。要认真细致地观察图画 , 进行深层次的思考 , 切入图画的主题。 【常用表达 】 We can see in the picture that ... From the cartoon we can know ... Obviously, this cartoon / picture tells us ... Undoubtedly, those persons in the picture seem ... The message conveyed here is ... The picture shows a common phenomenon that ... I think we should ... In my opinion, it is necessary for us ... As for me, we’d better ... Considering ..., I believe ... The story took place 时间和地点 . /One day, 事件的发生 ， ( 要点一，图片一的内容 ). 事件的发展 ( 要点二、三 …… ，图片二、三 …… 的内容 ). 事件结局 ( 最后一个要点，最后一张图片的内容 ) From the story, I feel 看法或感想 写作模板 【范例 】 根据下图写一个题为“ Such a Help” 的故事。须包含所有图画内容。可适当增加细节使故事连贯。   词数： 100—120 个。提示：图中的小孩名叫 Tom ， 老人叫 Mr. Smith ． Such a Help One day Tom was kicking a ball under some trees.  He once kicked it so hard that it got stuck between two branches of a tree. He was too short to reach the ball. Just as he was wondering how he could get it down, an old man called Mr. Smith was passing by with an  umbrella in his hand. Tom went up and asked for help. Mr. Smith threw his umbrella at the ball and it was knocked down.  But unfortunately, the umbrella was caught on the tree. Tom was happy to have his ball back and went away with it. He did  not even say a word to the man. How could the poor man get his umbrella back? I don’t think Tom is polite. We are supposed to thank for other’s help. 对比图 对比图通常是提供两到三张图画，对图画进行全面而细致的观察，除了掌握每一幅图的信息，还应对图之间的联系或差异有所理解，在整体上把握图画所传达的信息。 主题 have taken place in 地点 since 时间 ． In the first picture, 描述第一种情景 ( 图片一内容 ) , while in Picture Two, 描述第二种情景 ( 图片二内容 ) . There are many reasons for 作文主题 ./ The pictures reveal 文章主旨寓意 . First, 第一个理由 / 寓意 . Second, 第二个理由 / 寓意 . Third, 第三个 …Last but not the least, 最后一个 . I think 感想 / 启示 ． 写作模板 【范例 】 请根据你对以下两幅图的理解 , 以“ Actions Speak Louder than Words” 为题 , 用英语写一篇作文。 参考词汇 : banner ( 横幅 ) stump ( 树桩 ) 应包括以下内容 : 1. 简要描述两幅图的内容 ; 2. 概述你对两幅图中不同做法的理解 ; 3. 举例说明两幅图对你的启示。 注意 : 1. 可参照图片适当发挥 ; 2. 作文词数 150 左右 ; 3. 不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息 , 如校名、人名等。 Actions Speak Louder than Words People celebrate Earth Day differently . In Picture 1 , a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps, but in vain, while Picture 2 shows a couple happily planting trees. The message conveyed here is clear: “Actions speak louder than words.” Our earth is suffering severe damage. Should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect it? The answer is definitely the latter. Immediate actions should be taken, like stopping cutting down trees, to better the environment. Actions are important in other fields, too. Instead of shouting empty slogans, it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need. We should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules, stopping at the red light rather than complaining about traffic jams. Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish. 单张图画 提供一幅图画并配以一定的文字提示。要仔细观察图画所传达的表面信息，结合文字提示，深刻挖掘该幅图画所表达的深层含义，即现实意义。这种命题形式主要是考查考生说明和议论的表达能力。 As can be seen in the picture, 图画内容 . The picture tells us 文章立意 ． The implied meaning of this picture should be taken into consideration seriously. To begin with, 揭示含义 / 原因 / 结果 1 . Second, 揭示含义 / 原因 / 结果 2 . In my opinion/ As for me, we should take some measures to deal with the problem. First we should 措施 1 . Second, we must 措施 2 . Only in this way can we solve the problem of 图画内容 ． 写作模板 读图与立意 细节 寓意 Young couple educate their child in different ways. As can be seen in the cartoon , the young couple educate their child in different ways. The mother is smiling and wants to please the child with chocolate. On the contrary , the father who holds a ruler tightly looks angry and seems to urge his child to study. The small boy between his parents is frightened and confused. As far as I am concerned , I think it an effective way to educate children. On the one hand , a considerate mother can take care of her child carefully and devotes all her love, which will educate the child to be kind and selfless. On the other hand , a father who is always hard on the child can prevent the baby being spoiled. Moreover , the child can learn to struggle and be brave when facing difficulties. In conclusion , father and mother are two important parts in family education. They can’t spoil children too much or blame them too often, which will have bad effects on children’s growth. 用于描述图画或引入话题的句式 : ① As is described in the picture… ② From the picture we can see that… ③ The purpose of the picture is to show us that… ④ As is shown in the picture, we can see clearly the relationship between… ⑤ The sight reminds me of… ⑥ As is vividly shown in the picture,… ⑦ The picture tells us… 常用句式 事件经过或分析现象的句式 : ① At first… then… five minutes later… finally/in the end/at last… ② Upon arrival, we began to … ③ Some… ; some… ; others… ④ …was/were doing… when suddenly sb. /sth . did… ⑤ More and more people have come to realize the importance of… ⑥ Thanks to. . . , more and more. . . ⑦ The implied meaning of this picture should be taken into consideration seriously. In the first place…In the second place… ⑧ This reflects … ⑨ It reveals … 发表议论或总结的句式 : ① If such measures were not taken, the problem of… would be more serious. ② We can conclude from this picture that… ③ As has been stated above, we must… ④ As far as I am concerned./As for me, we should take strong measures to deal with the problem. On the one hand… On the other hand… Only in this way can we solve the problem of… 请阅读下面图画，按要求用英语写一篇词数为 120 左右的短文。    【 2015· 福建 】 内容包括：  1.  描述画面；  2.  概述其含义；  3.  谈谈个人感想。 真题再现 凿壁偷光 注意：   1.  短文开头已给出 , 不计入总词数； 2.  可以适当增加细节 , 以使行文连贯；   3.  短文中不能出现与本人相关的信息；   参考词汇：凿，钻： bore  In the picture, … 【范文 】 In the picture, we can see a boy in worn clothes, sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it. A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in his reading. This is a well-known story from an ancient Chinese idiom. The boy, being poor, couldn’t afford even a candle, so he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor’s house to read at night. The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be. Of course, things are totally different today. It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts. Hard work pays off. We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future. 【解析 】   文章第一段描述图片，第一句中用到了动词 ing 形式的非谓语动词做伴随状语和 with  的复合结构 In the picture, we can see a boy in  worn clothes, sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it. 图中我们可以看见一个男孩穿着破旧的衣服坐在一个堆满书的桌子旁边。 A weak ray of light came in through a small  hole in the wall and he was absorbed in his  reading. 一丝微弱的光亮从墙上的一个小洞穿过，他沉静在自己的阅读中。 第二段第一句开始说这个图片的主题。 This is a well-known story from ancient Chinese idiom. 这是一个众人周知的中国古代成语。第二句也是用了一个分词结构表示伴随状语。 The boy, being poor, couldn’t afford even a candle, so he bored a hole in the wall to  “steal” light from his neighbor’s house to read at night. 这个贫穷的男孩甚至不能够买得起一根蜡烛，于是他把墙凿了一个洞，从他邻居那里偷了一些光在夜晚阅读。第二段最后一句用了一个 no matter 引导的让步状语从句。 The moral of the story is spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be. 故事的精神是要不遗余力的获取知识，并且不管有多么困难的情况从不轻易气馁。 第三段结束 Of course, things are totally  different today. 当然，现在可完全不同了。第二句是一个 not …but 结构以及宾语从句 It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts. 不是这个故事本身而是这个故事反映出来的东西才是重要的。 俗语： Hard work pays off. 功夫不负有心人。 We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future. 我们应该带着苦来通过学习来改进自己并且为未来做准备。 假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请根据下图和提示完成一篇短文： 1. 点明主题； 2. 联系实际，谈谈出现此现象的原因及解决办法。注意：开头已给出，不计入词数；词数不少于 120 词；提示词：蜗牛 snail  交通拥挤   heavy traffic From the picture we can see two snails are joking about the cars which are moving very slowly on the crowded roads. 实战演练 细节 立意 读图与立意 Two snails are joking about the cars on the overcrowded roads, which reflects that heavy traffic jam has been a problem. 两只蜗牛中一只说 “ Look! They are moving more slowly than us” 两只蜗牛取笑路上拥挤的汽车比它们还要跑得慢。 推断： 交通拥挤问题的严重性 。 一、简述漫画内容点明主题 From the picture we can see two snails are joking about the cars on the crowded roads . This humorous picture isn’t just to amuse us . It actually shows us one of the most serious problems. As we all know , the issue of heavy traffic has long been a problem. 分析原因： 1. 随着经济发展，私家车增加； 2. 随着汽车增加和城市人口增加，一些道路等交通设施仍没有改善。 3. 行人交通意识淡薄等。 二、分析现象产生的原因 But why does this happen? I think several factors contribute to this phenomenon . Firstly , the number of private cars keeps growing every day. Secondly , with a large number of population and numbers of cars increasing , some roads still remain unimproved . Thirdly , some people’s lack of awareness of traffic regulation also results in traffic jam. 围绕分析的原因，提出解决问题的看法。 To solve the problem , some pieces of advice are put forward . I suggest that more streets and roads should be built. Besides, we should take some measures to limit the number of cars. This can decrease the traffic flow. 三、谈谈解决问题的看法 As is shown in the picture , two snails are joking about the cars on the crowded roads. This humorous picture isn’t just to amuse us. It actually shows us one of the most serious problems. As we all know, the issue of heavy traffic has long been a problem. But why does this happen? I think several factors contribute to this phenomenon . Firstly, the number of private cars keeps growing every day. Secondly , with a large number of population and numbers of cars increasing , some roads still remain unimproved. Thirdly , some people’s lack of awareness of traffic regulation also results in traffic jam. To solve the problem , some pieces of advice are put forward. I suggest that more streets and roads should be built. Besides, we should take some measures to limit the number of cars. Only with our combined efforts can we speed up the flow of traffic in the cities.