安徽省桐城市某中学2019-2020学年高一质量检测英语试卷

安徽省桐城市某中学2019-2020学年高一质量检测英语试卷

www.ks5u.com 英语试卷 一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共60.0分）‎ A Natalie Doan， 14， has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway， New York． Living just a few blocks from the beach， Natalie can see the ocean and hear the waves from her house． "It's the ocean that makes Rockaway so special，" she says． On October 29， 2012， that ocean turned violent． That night， Hurricane Sandy struck the East Coast， and Rockaway was hit especially hard． Fortunately， Natalie's family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city's bridges closed． When they returned to Rockaway the next day， they found their neighbourhood in ruins． Many of Natalie's friends had lost their homes and were living far away． All around her， people were suffering， especially the elderly． Natalie's school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn． In the following few days， the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie． Volunteers came with carloads of donated（捐献的）clothing and toys． Neighbours devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild． Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless highrise buildings． "My mum tells me that I can't control what happens to me，"Natalie says， "but I can always choose how I deal with it．" Natalie's choice was to help． She created a web page， matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help． Natalie posted information about a boy named Patrick， who lost his baseball and collection when his house burned down． Within days， Patrick's collection was replaced． In the coming months， her web page helped lots of kids： Christopher， who received a new basketball； Charlie， who got a new keyboard． Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring muchneeded supplies to Rockaway． Her efforts made her a famous person． Last April， she was invited to the White House and honoured as a Hurricane Sandy "Champions of Change"． Today， the scars（创痕） of destruction are still seen in Rockaway， but hope is in the air． The streets are clear， and many homes have been rebuilt． "I can't imagine living anywhere but Rockaway，" Natalie declares． "My neighbourhood will be back， even stronger than before．"‎ 1. When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane， she found ______ ．‎ A. some friends had lost their lives B. her neighbourhood was destroyed C. her school had moved to Brooklyn D. the elderly were free from suffering 2. According to Paragraph 4， who inspired Natalie most？ ______ ‎ A. The people helping Rockaway rebuild． B. The people trapped in highrise buildings． C. The volunteers donating money to survivors． D. Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people．‎ 3. How did Natalie help the survivors？ ______ ‎ A. She gave her toys to other kids． B. She took care of younger children． ‎ C. She called on the White House to help． D. She built an information sharing platform．‎ 1. What do you think is the best title of the passage？ ______ ‎ A. A girl helped make a difference B. A hurricane disaster C. Home is best D. Technology is power B Natural disasters are nature's anger， which can upset even the most developed countries and make them into ruins． There is nothing we can do to stop such disasters happening． In that case it is quite possible that we are all short of electricity， water， food， etc． The basic necessities to be stored for times of disasters are explained below． Drinking water is a must for any human to survive． It has to be stored based on the number of people in the household． A normal human would consume a gallon of water a day． Food is an important requirement． Especially in times of disasters， our bodies would be weak． Rich food is very important in such times of danger． Food like dry fruits would be ideal as they last long and give us energy． A First Aid Kit and basic medicines are a must and do remember to store some of them． Certain basic things such as scissors and soaps would be handy． It is a good idea to have a radio to be updated with the ongoing news． An Earthquake Preparedness Kit would be of great help in fighting against an earthquake in the places where earthquakes take place very often． However， this can happen anywhere in the world so it is a must and should be well equipped in advance． There are wind storms that can leave behind a trail of destruction． The US has suffered from many tornadoes． Taking steps in advance to handle such unforeseen circumstances （情况） is a must． It is a good idea to plan an ideal place which would be helpful in protecting you and your family from the storm． Floods and other natural disasters probably happen unexpectedly someday， so we need to make preparations for them． Do take steps in advance． Being well prepared is the only way that would help us recover from such disasters．‎ 2. From the first paragraph we can learn that natural disasters ______ ．‎ A. can't be prevented by man B. can be controlled by humans C. can take place more often D. will ruin the earth someday 3. Which kind of food is most suitable for storing according to the author？ ______ ‎ A. Meat and fish． B. Some dry fruit． C. Cakes and bread． D. Apples and pears．‎ 4. What is the main reason why a radio is needed？ ______ ‎ A. It is easy for you to carry one． B. It plays music to make you relax． C. It is very cheap and common． D. It lets you know the latest news．‎ 5. What is the good way to deal with tornadoes according to the author？ ______ ‎ A. Staying outside of your house with your family． B. Planning a safe place for all your family to stay at． C. Storing enough water for you and your family． D. Preparing an Earthquake Preparedness Kit earlier．‎ C The earth is the only planet that scientists think has life．Why does the earth have life while the other planets don't？For one thing，the earth is just the right temperature．As the third planet from the sun，the earth seems to be just the right distance away．The planets which are closer to the sun are so hot that their surfaces bake（烘烤）in the sun．The farthest planets are cold balls． When the earth developed-which scientists believe may have happened about 4billion years ago-many gases covered the earth．The gases caused the earth to be hot．But something wonderful happened．The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form．It rained very hard for a very long time．This gave the earth its oceans．Water made it possible for plants to grow．The plants created oxygen in the atmosphere．Oxygen is the gas that humans and animals breathe． Only one other planet in the solar system seems to be something like the earth．That planet is Mars．Mars is smaller than the earth，and it is quite a bit cooler．But it is not too cold for humans．On some days，the temperatures are as low as a winter day in the northern United States．If you wore a special spacesuit，you could walk around on Mars．You would have to bring your own air to breathe，because the air on Mars is too thin to breathe． Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system．It is sixteen miles high．The highest volcano on the earth is five miles high．The most unexpected sight on Mars is dried-up river beds．Scientists believe that Mars was once much better than it is now．Does this mean there could have been living things on Mars？Scientists are not sure，but there has been no sign so far．‎ 1. Which of the following is NOT the reason that the earth has life？ ______ ‎ A. The earth is just the right temperature． B. There is oxygen in the atmosphere of the earth． C. The volcanos on the earth are lower than those on Mars． D. The earth seems to be just the right distance away from the sun．‎ 2. The underlined phrase"the third planet"in the first paragraph refers to ______ ．‎ A. the Earth B. the Moon C. the Sun D. the Mars 3. Which of the following about the Mars is NOT true？ ______ ‎ A. There is almost no oxygen in the air on Mars． B. There could have been living things on Mars． C. Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system． D. Mars is smaller than the earth，and it is quite a bit cooler．‎ 4. Which of the following is probably the best title for the passage？ ______ ‎ A. The Earth B. The Moon C. Mars is Most Like the Earth D. Planets in the Solar System D In the second half of each year， many powerful storms are born in the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean Sea． Of these， only about half a dozen produce the strong， rotating winds of 75 miles per hour or more that give them the hurricane status （身份）， and several usually make their way to the coast． There they cause millions of dollars of damage， and bring death to large numbers of people． The great storms that hit the coast start as innocent rotating disturbances （扰乱） hundreds or thousands of miles out to sea． As they travel aimlessly over water warmed by the summer sun，‎ ‎ they are carried westwards by the trade winds （信风）． When conditions are just right， warm， moist （潮湿的） air flows in at the bottom of such a disturbance， moves upwards through it and comes out at the top． In the process， the moisture in this warm air produces rain， and with it the heat is changed into energy in the form of strong winds． As the heat increases， the young hurricane begins to swirl （旋动） in a counterclockwise （逆时针方向） motion． The average life of a hurricane is only about nine days， but it contains almost more power than we can imagine． The energy in the heat released （释放） by a hurricane's rainfall in a single day would satisfy the entire electrical needs of the United States for more than six months． Water， rather than the wind， is the main source of death and destruction in a hurricane． A typical hurricane brings 6 to 12 inch downpours resulting in sudden floods． Worst of all is the powerful movement of the sea-the mountains of water moving towards the low pressure hurricane centre． The water level rises as much as 15 feet above normal as it moves towards shore．‎ 1. When does an ordinary tropical storm turn into a hurricane？ ______ ‎ A. When it begins in the Atlantic and Caribbean Sea． B. When it hits the coastline． C. When it travels aimlessly over water． D. When its wind reaches a speed of 75 miles per hour．‎ 2. What is the worst thing about the hurricane？ ______ ‎ A. The destructive effect of water． B. The heat it releases． C. Its lasting about nine days． D. Strong winds．‎ 3. The underlined word "downpours" in the third paragraph means " ______ "．‎ A. heavy rainfall B. dangerous waves C. the progress of water to the hurricane centre D. the increasing heat 二、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）‎ 4. ‎    The giant panda __(1)__(love) by people throughout the world. Chinese scientists __(2)__(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very __(3)__(care) mother. For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something __(4)__(eat)! She would not let any other pandas come near. She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean. Any smell might attract natural __(5)__(enemy) that would try to eat the little panda. The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. __(6)__ it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats. The mother continued to care for the young panda __(7)__ more than two years. By that time, the panda no longer needed __(8)__(it) mother for food. However, it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest. Then, after two and a half years, the mother __(9)__(drive) the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby, __(10)__ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.‎ 三、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）‎ 1. The summer holiday is coming．My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday．We can chose between staying at home and take a trip．If we stay at home，it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money．But in that case，we will learn little about world．If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books．Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby．I thought that it is a good idea．It does not cost many，yet we can still learn a lot．‎ 答案和解析 ‎1.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】B ‎【小题2】A ‎【小题3】D ‎【小题4】A ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1．B．段落大意题．A项未提及；根据第三段"Natalie's school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend aschool in Brooklyn"可知，学校没有搬走，而是暂时去Brooklyn上学，排除C；根据"people were suffering，especially the elderly"排除D；根据"When they returned to Rockawaythe next day，they found their neighborhood in ruins．"可知，他们的街区被飓风毁了，故选B． 2．A．细节理解题．根据第四段"In the following few days，the men and women helping Rockawayrecover inspired Natalie．"可知，那些帮助Rockaway恢复重建的人给了 Natalie鼓舞，故选A． 3．D．细节理解题．根据倒数第三段"She created a website page matching survivors in need with dono-swho wanted to help．^可知，她制作了一个网页，将需要帮助的幸存者和想要帮助灾民的捐赠者进行匹配．故选D． 4．A．写作意图题．阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了Natalie作为一个年仅14岁的小女孩，在飓风桑迪席卷家乡后，通过制作网页匹配求助者与捐赠者，使得许许多多需要帮助的人得到了帮助．在灾难面前，一个小女孩也可以大有作为，故选A． Natalie作为一个年仅14岁的小女孩，在飓风桑迪席卷家乡后，通过创建网页匹配求助者与捐赠者，使得许许多多需要帮助的人得到了帮助． 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据． 5.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】A ‎【小题2】B ‎【小题3】D ‎【小题4】B ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】ABDB 略 略 9.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】C ‎【小题2】A ‎【小题3】B ‎【小题4】C ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】32：C细节理解题．根据文章the earth is just the right temperature．As the third planet from the sun，the earth seems to be just the right distance away．The planets which are closer to the sun are so hot that their surfaces bake（烘烤）in the sun．The farthest planets are cold balls．地球是可证实的唯一有生命存在的太阳系行星，其原因包括地球合适的温度、距太阳距离适中和大气里含有氧气等．没有提到关于火山的事，故C正确． 33：A词义推测题．根据第一段中内容及As the third planet from the sun，the earth seems to be just the right distance away．可知距离太阳第三远的行星指的是地球．故A正确．‎ ‎ 34：B细节理解题．根据文章The most unexpected sight on Mars is dried-up river beds．Scientists believe that Mars was once much better than it is now．Does this mean there could have been living things on Mars？Scientists are not sure，but there has been no sign so far．火星上有干涸的河床的迹象，但这一点并不能证实火星上存在生命，因为还没有生命迹象，故A项不正确．其他三项都与文章相符．故B正确． 35．C．主旨归纳题．由全文可知，文章讲述了地球适合人类生存在于它合适的温度，科学家研究发现火星也比较适合人类生存．因此火星和地球很相似，结合选项，故选C． 本文主要讲述了地球适合人类生存在于它合适的温度，科学家研究发现火星也比较适合人类生存． 本文是人文地理类阅读理解．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据． 13.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】D ‎【小题2】A ‎【小题3】A ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1．D　细节理解题．根据第一段" rotating winds of 75 miles per hour or more that give them the hurricane status （身份）…"旋转的风每小时75英里或者更高，可知答案选D． 2．A　细节理解题．根据最后一段"Water， rather than the wind， is the main source of death and destruction in a hurricane．"在飓风中，水是致人死亡最主要的原因，而不是风．可知答案选D． 3．A　词义猜测题．根据画线词后面的定语resulting in sudden floods，导致了突然的洪水，可知downpours指"大量的降雨"．故选A． 文章讲述了飓风的形成过程与危害． 本文考察学生的理解推断能力以及细心程度，只要抓住文章的关键词，采用寻读的方法查找细节，就能找到正确答案． 16.【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】is loved ‎【小题2】recently ‎【小题3】caring/careful ‎【小题4】to eat ‎【小题5】enemies ‎【小题6】When/If ‎【小题7】for ‎【小题8】its ‎【小题9】drove ‎【小题10】and ‎ ‎ ‎【解析】1.考查被动语态。根据句意：大熊猫被全世界的人们喜爱。the giant panda与love之间是被动关系，所以此处应用被动语态，且讲述一般事实需用一般现在时态，故填is loved。 2.考查副词。根据句意：中国科学家最近有机会研究…recently"最近"，副词作时间状语，故填recently。 3.考查非谓语和形容词。此处是现在分词或形容词作定语，修饰名词mother，故填caring/careful。 4.考查非谓语。句意：甚至不去找吃的东西。此处是动词不定式放在不定代词后面作后置定语，故填to eat。 5.考查名词单复数。句意：任何气味都可能吸引自然界的敌人。自然界的敌人不止一个，应该用复数形式，故填enemies。 ‎ ‎6.考查连词。句意：如果或当它哭的时候，她会前后摇动。故填 When/If。 7.考查介词。句意：妈妈继续照顾小熊猫两年多。此处表示一段时间，故填for。 8.考查代词。句意：小熊猫不再需要它妈妈的食物。此处为形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填its。 9.考查时态。句意：然后，两年半后妈妈让小熊猫离开。根据前文可知用一般过去时态，故填drove。 10.考查连词。句意：现在是她该有一个小宝宝的时候了，同时也是小熊猫该独立的时候了。此处表示并列，是一个并列句，故填and。 17.【答案】The summer holiday is coming．My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday．We can                                                                                                        what chose between staying at home and takea trip．If we stay at home，it is comfortable butthere is no need to spend choose                                      taking                                                                   and money．But in that case，we will learn little about∧world．If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view                                                                           the                                                                          our and gain knowledges we cannot get from books．Some classmates suggest we cango to places of interest nearby．I             knowledge                                                                              去掉can或改为should thought that it is a good idea．It does not cost many，yet we can still learn a lot． think                                                              much 1．how改为what   2．chose改为choose  3．take改为taking   4．but改为and   5．about后加the   6．your改为our   7．knowledges改为knowledge   8．去掉can或改为should  9．thought改为think    10．many改为much ‎ ‎【解析】1．how改为what 考查特殊结构．"特殊疑问词+to do"在本句中作为短语talk about的宾语，其中what还要作为动词do的逻辑宾语．句意：同学们和我在谈论暑假期间做什么． 2．chose改为choose 考查句中结构．"情态动词+动词原形"才可以在句中作为谓语部分，而本句中chose是过去式． 3．take改为taking 考查并列结构．本句中动名词短语staying at home与taking a trip构成并列关系，都作为介词between的宾语． 4．but改为and 考查连词．句意：如果我们待在家里，很舒服也没有必要花钱．上下文之间是并列关系，而不是转折关系，所以使用and连接上下文． 5．about后加the 考查定冠词．在英语中定冠词the通常表示特指，本句中the修饰world表示特指这个世界． 6．your改为our 考查代词．应该使用our与本句的主语we 保持一致．句意：如果我们出国旅游，我们就拓宽视野并学到书本上学不到的知识． 7．knowledges改为knowledge 考查名词单复数．在本文中knowledge是不可数名词，所以不用复数形式． 8．去掉can或改为should，考查虚拟语气．主句中有suggest，意思是建议，宾语从句应该用虚拟语气结构：should+动词原形，should可以省略． 9．thought改为think  考查时态．通过上下文可知，本文用的是一般现在时态，所以用think．  10．many改为much 考查代词．本句中代词much代替不可数名词much money作为动词cost的宾语，而many通常代替可数名词复数形式 ‎