2019二轮复习完形填空解题思路与技巧课件(22张)

2019二轮复习完形填空解题思路与技巧课件(22张)

2019 届二 轮 复习完形填空专题 Cloze test contents ： 考纲分析 2. 主要特点 3. 技巧点拨 5. 课堂小结 6. 真题演练 4. 经典例解 考纲分析 2. 主要特点 考纲分析 1. 　高考完形填空词数 250 左右，选材以记叙文为主，夹叙夹议，设空 20 个，首句不设空． 2. 文章主题明确，条理清晰，逻辑性强，语言地道，内容颇有教育意义，有助于学生形成正确的情感态度和价值观 3. 做该类题时间为 15 分钟，文章难度相当于必修教材． 句内层次题：是指空格的答案由空格所在句子决定 ( 容易 ) 句组层次题：是指空格的答案与空格相距不远的一组句子决定 ( 较易 ) 语篇层次题： 是指空格的答案与语篇文章的内涵决定 ( 较难 ) 1. 语境为主，语法极少： 2. 干扰性强，重细微辨析 3. 实词为主，虚词为辅 4. 纵观历年英语高考，会发现有些词和语法点是命题组特别偏爱的，例：名词 :voice,customer; 形容词 :surprise,impossible; 副词 :immediately,successfully; 动词: go,come,annoy,continue 等经常出现在选项中，且多为正确． 5. Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄ四个答案通常各 5 个， 6. 文章中出现的词在选项中复现，常为答案． 2. 主要特点 英语完形填空解题步骤 速览全文，把握大意。 细读首句，摸清文路。 瞻前顾后，准确选择。 复核全文，调整答案。 做完形填空必须读懂文章，前后逻辑一致；完形填空每个小题的正确答案都是有充分根据的，可以在文章汇总找到具体的突破口也就是 信息点 。解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。 ≈2mins ≈10mins ≈2mins ≈1mins 3. 技巧点拨 1.首尾句进行预测 2.语法分析 3.固定搭配 4.固定句型 5.复现信息／原词 复现 6 .排除法 7 .上下文逻辑关系 8 .背景常识 9 .对比结构 10 注熟词新义 　 A .跳读首尾句进行预测 　　 一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事；若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。 Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability. 　　本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员Evelyn Glennie在耳聋的情况下成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜想Evelyn Glennie学习打击乐器过程必然充满困难，而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器，Evelyn Glennie对音乐肯定也是充满热情的。 4. 经典例解 _____do you suppose he asked for them? A. What B. How C. Who D. Which 演练： _____ I had been born in the 16th century, I would have had no job. A. Because B. While C. If D. Since B .语法分析 【解析】本题中，do you suppose为插入成分。he asked for them是一个相对独立和完整的句子，因此空格处应该用副词How来修饰谓语动词asked，而不能用代词What, Who或 Which。 【 解析】根据后面的I had been born in the 16th century可知这只是个假设，是一个虚拟语气的条件句。故前面要用if引导 B C They could ’ t read or write. They didn ’ t like to work and they never ______ baths.   A. took  B. washed  C. ran  D. covered  演练： Several thoughts ____my mind as I watched him work. He wasn't well-dressed.He had on a pair of shorts and a(n) simple T-shirt. A.crossed B. slipped C. disturbed D. inspired C .固定搭配 【解析】本题考查的是固定搭配take a bath，意为“洗澡”。   A A 【解析】本题考查的是固定搭配 cross one's mind ，意为涌上心头 I haven ’ t had a phone in the house for three weeks now, and it ’ s several days ______ I used a phone box. A. as B. when C. if D. since 演练： It wasn ’ t long ______the police caught the thief. A. after B. when C. before D. until D .固定句型 【 解析】本题考查的是it ’ s…since…句型，意为“自从……已(多长时间了)”。这句话的意思是“自从我上次打投币电话已经有好几天了”。 【解析】It wasn’t long before…是常用句型，意为“不久就……”。这里说的是不久警察就把小偷捉到了。 D C E .复现信息 I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn ’ t empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new ______, dressed neatly. A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbor D. companion 【分析】名词同现，空格前出现了room, furniture, curtains, a TV等同现信息可知坐在铺好的床上的是“我”的室友。 A 演练： First of all, I respected his _____ to teaching. Because his lectures were always well-prepared and clearly delivered, students crowded into his classroom. A.attention B. introduction C. relation D. Devotion Ｄ He put the books into the return box. And after a brief ______ in the toilet, he would be on his way to the playground to meet Eric. A. r est B. break C. walk D. stop F .排除法 【解析】此题答案为D。人不可能在厕所里休息（rest, break）或是散步（walk），由此排除另外三个选项。 演练： the woman looked carefully at me _____ through her glasses, and then questioned me in a low voice. A.as usual B. for a while C. in a minute D. once again Ｂ Ｄ G .上下文逻辑关系 　 　充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句， 结合语境 答题。 Mrs. Black would ask me for my ___. She wanted to know how I thought we should _______things. At first I had no idea how to answer because I know___ about stage design! 2.A.opinion B. impression C. information D. intention 4.A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 　　 A handle C H .背景常识 After ______ the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they started the 950-mile journey back. A. Growing B. putting C. planting D. laying 演练： Salina Joe began to _____ when she was one-year old. A. say B. c ry C. s ing D. talk 【解析】根据常识，南极地区冰雪覆盖，须费好大的劲将旗插进极地，plant在这里的意思是“安插”“插牢”，故答案为C 【解析】根据常识判断，婴儿在一岁的时候应该是开始学说话，而不是学哭或学唱歌，故答案只能在A、D之间选出。又因为say是及物动词，其后面需接宾语，而talk是不及物动词，其后不需要接宾语，故正确答案为D。 Ｃ Ｄ I .对比结构 A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and______room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. A. furnished B. expensive C. c omfortable D. suitable 【分析】本题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案为C。 Ｃ J. 熟词新义 1. 三维设计 (63 页 )I had been picked to be the princess in the school play ,and for weeks my mother had practiced my ____with me . A. Points B. films C. lines D. actions 2.. 三维设计 (75 页 )At 18 she married and ___a family. A. invented B. selected C. offered D. started 三维设计 (140 页 ) 3.She told him to bring their son and her ____set of car keys, because her keys were in the stolen purse. A. own B. other C. rest D. spare 4. 三维设计 (158 页 ) If a mother is the cement that holds a family together, then the father is ____that strengthens that cement A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing ( 台词 ) ( 组建，创建） ( 备用的） ( 重要人物） 完形填空三忌： 忌不看首句，直奔空格处作答。 忌当做语法填空来做。 完形填空很多选项必须根据上下文才能选出，不是孤立的看本句话。 忌先入为主，一气呵成。 做题时先填把握的空格，对不是很有把握的先放一放，在后文的到答案或在做完全文后回头看才会获得答案。 5. 课堂小结 Thank you 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 二轮复习心得 一．学生做什么？ 1. 拆分高考真题 拆分近五年高考真题进行练习 , 分析每一模块的考题特点和体裁， 分析答题策略， 如何快速找到答案． 2. 制订详细学习规划 二轮复习是备考的关键时期，科学分配学习时间有助于快速提高成绩．考生根据自己实力和能力，在老师的建议下 , 在规定的时间内完成一定量的模块高考真题． 3. 及时总结 总结与练习同等重要，考生每完成一个模块练习要及时总结，制作好纠错集，写好做题思路 , 反思和学习心得． 4. 请求老师帮助 请求老师对自己进行诊断 , 详细分析自己知识缺限和做题习惯，改进策略 . 同时考生要针对自身特点做好改进方案 , 并在平时做 题时 写出做题思路交给老师审阅． 5. 树立自信，明确目标 高考不仅考知识储备和能力，还考心态．考生要建立明确的高考目标和理想学校，从每一个小题得分算起 , 不断向目标分靠拢 . 成绩的不断提高，学习自然就有了动力和自信． 二 . 老师做什么？ 1. 帮助学生建立知识框架． 2. 拆分高考真题，教会学生规范答题和解题技巧． 3. 模块限时训练，教会学生科学利用时间． 4. 分析学生个体差异，指导学生如何尽量提分． 5. 少批评多鼓励，帮助学生正确看待高考． 预祝同学高考成功！预祝老师乐于施教！祝大家身体健康！ Home work: finish the cloze test on the exercise paper. 5. 真题演练 （ 2015 年全国 II 卷） In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory 1 course about 20 years ago. The professor 2 the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans( 豆 ), and invited the students to 3 how many beans the jar contained. After 4 shouts of wildly wrong guesses, the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the 5 answer, and went on saying, “You have just 6 an important lesson about science . That is: Never 7 your own senses.” Twenty years later, the 8 could guess what the professor had in mind. He 9 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting 10 into an unknowns world invisible （无形的） to the 11 , which can be discovered only through scientific 12 . But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even 13 the invitation. She was just 14 to understand the world .And she 15 that her firsthand experience could be the 16 . The professor, however, said that it was 17 . He was taking away her only 18 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute （替代） . “I remember feeling small and 19 .” The woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 20 the course the afternoon, and I haven’t gone near science since.” ◆ 原词重现 1 ． A ． art B. history C. science D. math ■ 词汇辨析 2 ． A ． searched for B. looked at C. got through D. marched into ◆原词重现 3 ． A ． count B. guess C. report D. watch ◆ 上下文 4 ． A ． warning B. giving C. turning away D. listening to ▲ 常识推理 5 ． A ． ready B. possible C. correct D. difficult ● 固定搭配 6 ． A ． learned B. prepared C. taught D. taken ◆ 上下文 7 ． A ． lose B. trust C. sharpen D. taken ◆ 上下文 8 ． A ． lecturer B. scientist C. speaker D. woman ● 上下文 9 ． A ． described B. respected C. saw D. served ■ 词汇辨析 10 ． A ． voyage B. movement C. change D. rush ▲ 上下文 11 ． A. professor B ． eye C ． knowledge D ． light ■ 常识推理 12 ． A ． model B ． senses C ． Spirit D ． methods ◆ 上下文 13 ． A ． hear B. make C ． present D ． refuse ▼ 逻辑推理 14 ． A ． suggesting B ． beginning C ． Pretending D ． Waiting （语法） ▼ 逻辑推理 15 ． A ． believed B ． Doubted C. proved D ． explained ▼ 逻辑推理 16 ． A ． growth B ． Strength C ． faith D ． truth ▼ 逻辑推理 17 ． A ． firm B. interesting C ． wrong D ． acceptable ■ 词汇辨析 18 ． A ． task B. tool C ． success D ． connection ▼ 逻辑推理 19 ． A ． cruel B ． proud C ． frightened D ． brave ■ 词汇辨析 20 ． A ． Dropped B ． started C ． Passed D ． missed