【英语】2018届二轮复习从英语课程标准探讨阅读理解试题的突破（24篇试题含详细解析）学案（35页）

【英语】2018届二轮复习从英语课程标准探讨阅读理解试题的突破（24篇试题含详细解析）学案（35页）

‎2018届二轮复习 从英语课程标准探讨阅读理解试题的突破 多年来，我国高中英语教学一直非常注重语言知识的讲授，忽视语言技能的培养，或者说不能够系统培养学生的阅读技能，高中英语教材基本也都没有系统地对阅读技能进行设计和训练。‎ 学生系统学习高中英语阅读技能后，在做高考阅读题目时，能够：‎ 1． 全面掌握审题策略，一下抓住文章的“题眼”，快速领会全文主旨，全面把握文章主旨。‎ 2． 准确理解文章考察方向和考察点，为下面的读题和解题做好铺垫。‎ ‎3. 掌握判断、推理能力和高考要求的其他阅读技能，快速解题。‎ ‎4．让学生系统掌握阅读解题能力，轻松应对各种高考阅读题型。‎ 高考考察哪些阅读技能 ‎《高中英语课程标准》要求哪些阅读技能 高中英语阅读技能教学如何系统体现和实现“新高考”和《课标》要求 ‎1．理解主旨要义 ‎1．能理解文章主旨和作者意图（七级）‎ 1． 预测文章主题训练 2． 围绕主题展开联想训练 3． 利用阅读理解题目进行预测训练 4． 利用信号词进行预测训练 5． 就文章进行提问训练 6． 利用人称代词和指示代词帮助理解训练？？？‎ 7． 通过首尾段落进行预测：归纳段落中心思想训练 8． 利用主题句判断文章大意训练 9． 利用细节判断中心思想训练 ‎2．理解文中具体信息 ‎1．能从一般文字材料中获取主要信息（六级）‎ ‎2．能从一般性文章中获取和处理主要信息（七级）‎ 1． 判断细节训练 2． 了解缩写词训练 3． 识别专有名次和缩写词训练 4． 识别常用词组合术语训练 ‎3．根据上下文推断生词的词义 ‎1．能利用上下文和句子结构猜测词义（六级）‎ ‎2．能通过上下文克服生词困难，理解语篇意义（八级）‎ 1． 判断需要猜测的生词训练 2． 通过同义词、反义词和释义词猜测生词训练 3． 利用语法猜测生词训练 4． 利用构词法猜测生词训练 5． 利用常识猜测生词训练 6． 利用分类信息猜测生词训练 7． 理解词的非字面含义 8． 分析词义训练 9． 利用上下文线索猜测生词 1． 处理生词的策略训练 2． 使用word map学习词汇训练 3． 建立词库训练 4． 区分书面正式词汇和口头词汇训练 5． 词汇学习的不同阶段训练 ‎4．作出简单判断和推理 ‎1．能根据上下文线索预测故事情节的发展（六级）‎ ‎2．能通过文章中的线索进行推理（七级）‎ 1． 根据提示进行预测训练 2． 根据内容进行预测 3． 通过论点进行预测 4． 利用背景知识进行预测 5． 预测下一个单词训练 6． 通过图解和照片进行预测训练 7． 预测结构训练 8． 通过文体进行预测训练 9． 判断重要词汇训练 10． 利用线索进行推断训练 ‎5．理解文章的基本结构 ‎1．能识别不同文体的特征（八级）‎ ‎2．能通过分析句子结构理解难句和长句（八级）‎ 1． 理解篇章结构训练 2． 预测篇章结构训练 3． 理解复杂的句子训练 4． 利用标点帮助理解训练 5． 判断正式文体和非正式文体训练 6． 理解议论文训练 7． 理解新闻报道 8． 理解科技类文章训练 9． 理解记叙文训练 10． 理解说明文训练 11． 理解广告训练 12． 利用图解了解文章内部关系训练 ‎6．理解作者的意图和态度 ‎1．能理解文章主旨和作者意图（七级）‎ ‎2．能理解阅读材料中不同的观点和态度（八级）‎ 1． 通过介绍和结论作预测：区分观点与事实训练 2． 对论证进行评价训练 3． 利用语气帮助理解训练 4． 了解作者写作的目的训练 5． 通过论点进行预测训练 6． 通过文体进行预测训练 ‎7．阅读策略 ‎1‎ 1． 反复阅读技巧训练 ‎．能根据不同的阅读目的和材料采取不同的阅读策略 1． 阅读时作形象化思考训练 2． 监控阅读训练 3． 针对不同材料所采用的阅读技巧训练 4． 利用眼睛的移动配合阅读训练 5． 扩展眼睛的视程训练 6． 采取灵活的阅读速度训练 7． 成为高效的阅读者训练 8． 高考阅读答题要诀 ‎ 典题演练 A I needed to get some money during my winter holidays . So after Christmas I took a job in the clothes department at Graham’s for the first fortnight of the January sale. I can’t say that I enjoyed it, but it was an experience I’ll never forget.‎ I could never understand why there were so many things in the sales; where did they all come from? Now I know the secret! Firstly, there is the special winter stock(货物)and the stock that people buy all the year round; some of these things are slightly reduced. Secondly, there are the summer clothes they couldn’t sell last year, these are heavily reduced to clear them. Thirdly, there are cheap clothes bought in specially for the sales; these are put out at high prices ten days before the sale begins and then are reduced by 60% in the sale. Clever! Later, they buy in "seconds" (clothes not in perfect condition) for the sale and they are sold very cheaply.‎ When I arrived half an hour before opening on the first day of the sale, there was already a queue around three sides of the building. This made me very nervous.‎ When the big moment arrived to open the doors, the security guards, looking less confident than usual, came up to them, keys in hand. The moment they had unlocked the doors, they hid behind the doors for protection as the noisy crowd charged in. I couldn’t believe my eyes; this wasn’t shopping, it was a battlefield! One poor lady couldn’t keep her feet and was knocked over by people pushing from behind.‎ Clothes were flying in all directions as people searched for the sizes, colors and styles they wanted. Quarrels broke out. Mothers were using their small children to crawl through people’s legs and get hold of things they couldn’t get near themselves.‎ Within minutes I had half a dozen people pushing clothes under my nose, each wanting to be the first served. Where had the famous English Queue gone? The whole day continued like that, but I kept my temper (脾气)！I was taking money hand over fist and began to realize why, twice a year, Graham’s were happy to turn their expensive store into a "battlefield" like this.‎ In the sale fever, people were spending money like water without thinking whether they needed what they were buying. As long as it was a bargain it was OK.‎ You won’t believe this but as soon as I got home I crashed out for four hours. Then I had dinner and went back to bed, fearing the sound of the alarm which would tell me to get ready for the second day of the sale.‎ ‎1.What kind of clothes is likely to be sold 5% cheaper?‎ A.Last summer’s clothes. B.Clothes not in perfect condition. ‎ C.Clothes bought in specially for the sales. D.Clothes for winter.‎ ‎2.Which of the following statements is true? ‎ A.The customers gave up the queuing, for which the English are famous. ‎ B.The customers kept their temper while looking for clothes they wanted. ‎ C.Small children enjoyed crawling through people’s legs. ‎ D.The security guards were fearless of the crowd.‎ ‎3.In the author’s opinion, why were Graham’s happy to make their expensive store into a "battlefield"?‎ A.There were too many clothes and they wanted to clear them in the sales. ‎ B.They were eager to show that they were clever at doing business. ‎ C.They could take the chance to raise the prices of all their clothes. ‎ D.They wanted to make more money by having sales.‎ ‎4.What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A.The Best Bargain B.Hunting for a job C.Sale Fever D.A Pleasant Fortnight B Father’s Day The United States is one of the few countries in the world that has an official day on which fathers are honored by their children. On the third Sunday in June, fathers all across the United States are given presents, treated to dinner or otherwise made to feel special.‎ However, the idea for creating a day for children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman by the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought of the idea for Father’s Day while listening to a Mother’s Day sermon in 1909. Having been raised by her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was to her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, in the eyes of his daughter, a selfless and loving man. Sonora’s father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father’s Day celebration in Spokane, Washington on the 19th of June, 1910.‎ In 1924, President Calvin Coolidge declared the third Sunday in June as Father’s Day. Roses are the Father’s Day flowers: red to be worn for a living father and white if the father has died.‎ When children can’t visit their fathers or take them out to dinner, they send a greeting card. Traditionally, fathers prefer greeting cards that are not too sentimental. Most greeting cards are too special so fathers laugh when they open them. Some give heartfelt thanks for being there.‎ ‎5.At first, Father’s Day was fixed on June 19th because .‎ A.Sonora honored her father on her father’s birthday B.Sonora’s birthday was June 19‎ C.it was decided by the president at that time D.her mother died on June 19‎ ‎6. According to the passage, on Father’s Day, .‎ A.people will wear the same flowers to honor their fathers B.only daughters wear red flowers to honor their fathers C.children must go home to honor their fathers D.fathers are often honored in different ways ‎7.According to the passage, we can infer that Henry Jackson Smart .‎ A.was very kind to anyone B.did a lot for his daughter C.was the first father honored in 1924‎ D.always help others by giving money C Ramadan Ramadan is one of the most important festivals for Muslims. The name of the festival comes from the Arabic month in which it is celebrated. Ramadan is celebrated in countries all over the world, especially in Africa and the Middle East. The time for celebrating Ramadan varies each year. People celebrate it in the ninth month of the Arabic lunar calendar. During Ramadan, people must not eat during the day: from when the sun comes up to when the sun goes down, people celebrating Ramadan will not eat or smoke. When the sun has gone down, however, the celebration begins. People often stay up all night eating, singing and dancing.‎ Easter In late spring, many people around the world celebrate Easter. The festival is a celebration of spring and it is also a religious holiday. It is the time for Easter bunnies and egg hunts, and of course for eating lots of delicious foods. Easter is celebrated in late March or early April but the exact dates are different from year to year. People celebrate Easter in different ways: in some countries, the Easter Bunny—a big rabbit—will visit people and children will go on egg hunts, looking for eggs and candy that have been hidden by their parents. In other countries, Easter is a time for children to dress up like witches and go from door to door asking for candy—much like Halloween in the US. The Easter Bunny and the Easter Egg are popular symbols of the festival.‎ ‎8.Ramadan is celebrated in the month of the Arabic lunar calendar.‎ A. eighth B. ninth C. tenth D. eleventh ‎9.The word Ramadan is the name of .‎ A. a month B. a town C. a person D. a holy book ‎10.During Ramadan, people do not during the day.‎ A. talk B. sing C. eat D. sleep ‎11.In some countries, children will go on during Easter.‎ A. picnics B. egg hunts C. tours D. fighting D Awareness Weeks have become a regular part of Britain’s cultural landscape over the past few years. They started back in 1957, when one charity, Christian Aid, decided to make all its money|raising efforts on one time of year. It was thought that by doing this they would get more publicity for their cause. ‎ They were right, and soon other charities and campaign groups followed them. These days, most donations to charity are not collected on the streets. So instead of just asking for money, charities prefer to spend their time "raising awareness" — spreading knowledge of the work theydo or the cause they support. They also compete with businesses and trade groups who use awareness weeks as marketing campaigns for their products.‎ There are now 500 awareness weeks held every year in the UK. No week goes by without one group or another trying to make the British public aware of something, with most held in May or October.‎ The danger with all these awareness weeks is that people start to become cynical. Take National Smile Week, it seems like a great idea. Let’s all make each other’s life a little bit happier with a friendly smile. But really it’s just a group of dentists and cosmetics companies trying to sell us toothpaste. It’s enough to make you want to start National Forget About It Week.‎ ‎"People feel that many awareness campaigns are just marketing exercises," says Ms Ormiston, who edits the Awareness Campaign Register, a newsletter which encourages people who run Awareness Weeks to become more aware of each other. "But 90 percent of campaigns are run by traditional charities or not for groups to make money."‎ ‎"There’s still no official group for awareness campaigns," says Ms. Ormiston. "People can do what they like, whatever the size of their budgets or their public relations machines allows." This situation has led to calls for laws to stop real charities having their efforts overshadowed by marketing campaigns. This could be done by making the two groups hold their weeks at different times or stopping businesses running imitation charity campaigns.‎ But there is another way. Maybe it’s time for National Weak Awareness Week, especially for people whose awareness of Awareness Weeks is weak.‎ ‎12.What’s the main purpose of awareness weeks run by charities in Britain?‎ A.To raise money for charities.‎ B.To spread knowledge of charities.‎ C.To take up marketing campaigns.‎ D.To advertise their goods for sale.‎ ‎13.Why do people start to become cynical about awareness weeks?‎ A.Too many awareness weeks make people feel bored.‎ B.People feel many awareness weeks are just for marketing exercises.‎ C.People have a weak awareness of awareness weeks.‎ D.Awareness weeks are held too often and too much money is raised.‎ ‎14.What does Ms. Ormiston think about awareness weeks？‎ A.Most of the awareness weeks should not be for making money.‎ B.Official groups should take the place of charities in awareness campaigns.‎ C.People can do what they like in awareness weeks.‎ D.People can get larger budgets through awareness campaigns.‎ ‎15.What’s the writer’s view on Awareness Weeks?‎ A.National Forget About It Week should be held to stop awareness weeks.‎ B.National Smile Week is a great idea to improve people’s life.‎ C.National Weak Awareness Week can help people better understand awareness weeks.‎ D.Awareness Weeks should be stopped because of marketing campaigns.‎ E The German port of Hamburg has been offered ＄ 10,500 to change its name to "Veggieburg" by animal rights activists who are unhappy about the city’s association with hamburgers."Hamburg could improve animal welfare and bring kindness to animals by changing its name to Veggieburg," the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) wrote in a letter sent to Hamburg Mayor Ole von Beust.The German branch of PETA, which has 750,000 members worldwide, said the organization would give Hamburg’s childcare facilities 10,000 euros worth of vegetarian burgers if the city changed its name.But city officials in Hamburg, Germany’s second largest city which traces its roots to the ninth century, were unmoved."I cannot afford to waste my time with this.I don’t even want to look at nonsense like this," said Klaus May, a city government spokesman."But that doesn’t mean we Hamburgers don’t have a sense of humor." In its letter, PETA said the name Hamburg reminded people of "unhealthy beef patties(肉饼) made of dead cattle"."Millions of people fall ill each year with deadly illnesses like heart disease, cancer, strokes and diabetes from eating hamburgers," PETA said in the letter.‎ The original "hamburger steak", a dish made of ground beef, traveled west with Germans to the United States in the 19th century.The first mention of "hamburgers" appeared on a menu in a New York restaurant in 1834.Some historians trace its beginning to a beef sandwich once popular with sailors in Hamburg.The city’s name "Hamburg" comes from the old Saxon words "ham" (bay) and "burg" (castle).PETA recently made a similar offer to the US town of Hamburg, New York.But their ＄15,000 bid was refused.‎ ‎16.Why did PETA suggest changing the name "Hamburg"?‎ A.Because the name reminded people of a food made of animal meat.‎ B.Because changing the name can prevent people from eating hamburgers.‎ C.Because it can bring children much food to change the name.‎ D.Because hamburgers cause so many diseases every year.‎ ‎17.What does the new name "Veggieburg" suggest?‎ A.Stopping eating meat.‎ B.Eating vegetables instead of meat.‎ C.It’s better for children to eat vegetables.‎ D.Treating animals better.‎ ‎18.Which of the following statements of the German name "Hamburg" is true?‎ A.The name came from a kind of food.‎ B.The name came from the old German language.‎ C.The name has a long history.‎ D.The name has something to do with sailors.‎ ‎19.What do you think is the result of the suggestion raised by PETA?‎ A.The two cities will have new names.‎ B.The present names of the two cities will last.‎ C.The children in Hamburg will have nothing to eat.‎ D.People won’t eat hamburgers in the future.‎ F The year is 2094.It has been announced that a comet(彗星) is heading towards the Earth.Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably hit the southern half of the Earth.‎ On 17 July, a piece four kilometres wide enters the Earth’s atmosphere (大气层) with a massive explosion.About half of the piece is destroyed, but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound.The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the sea bed.Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole.The wall of water, a kilometre high,rushes towards south Africa at 800 kilometres an hour.Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.‎ Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet lands in Argentina.Earthquakes and volcanoes are set off in the Andes Mountains.The shock waves move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean.The cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco and Tokyo are completely destroyed by earthquakes.Millions of people in the southern half of the Earth are already dead, but the north won’t escape for long.Because of the explosion, the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, and temperatures around the world fall to almost zero.Crops are ruined.The sun won’t be seen again for many years.Wars break out as countries fight for food.A year later, no more than 10 million people remain alive.‎ Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth.The dinosaurs (恐龙) were on the Earth for over 160 million years.Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared.Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in space.The dinosaurs couldn’t live through the cold climate that followed and they died out.Will we meet the same end?‎ ‎20.What is mainly described in the passage?‎ A.A historic discovery. B.An event of imagination.‎ C.A research on space. D.A scientific adventure.‎ ‎21.When the first piece hits the South Atlantic, it causes .‎ A.an earthquake B.damages to cities C.an Earth explosion D.huge waves ‎22.Why can’t the northern half of the Earth escape for long?‎ A.Because the land is covered with water.‎ B.Because the light and heat from the sun cannot reach the Earth.‎ C.Because people there cannot live at the temperature of zero.‎ D.Because wars break out among countries.‎ ‎23.By giving the example of dinosaurs the author tries to prove .‎ A.animals could not live in the cold climate B.what happened 65 million years ago was an invented story C.the human beings will die out in 2094‎ D.the Earth could be hit by other objects in space G Tell a story and tell it well, and you may open wide the eyes of a child, open up lines of communication in a business, or even open people’s mind to another culture or race.‎ People in many places are digging up the old folk stories and the messages in them.For example, most American storytellers get their tales from a wide variety of sources, cultures, and times.They regard storytelling not only as a useful tool in child education, but also as a meaningful activity that helps adults understand themselves as well as those whose culture may be very different from their own.‎ ‎"Most local stories are based on a larger theme," American storyteller Opalanga Pugh says."Cinderella(灰姑娘), or the central idea of a good child protected by her goodness, appears in various forms in almost every culture of the world."‎ Working with students in schools, Pugh helps them understand their own cultures and the general messages of the stories.She works with prisoners too, helping them know who they are by telling stories that her listeners can write, direct, and act in their own lives.If they don’t like the story they are living, they can rewrite the story.Pugh also works to help open up lines of communication between managers and workers."For every advance in business," she says, "there is a greater need for communication." Storytelling can have a great effect on either side of the manager-worker relationship, she says.‎ Pugh spent several years in Nigeria, where she learned how closely storytelling was linked to the everyday life of the people there.The benefits of storytelling are found everywhere, she says.‎ ‎"I learned how people used stories to spread their culture," she says."What I do is to focus on the value of stories that people can translate into their own daily world of affairs.We are all storytellers.We all have a story to tell.We tell everybody’s story."‎ ‎24.What do we learn about American storytellers from Paragraph 2?‎ A.They share the same way of storytelling.‎ B.They prefer to tell stories from other cultures.‎ C.They learn their stories from the American natives.‎ D.They find storytelling useful for both children and adults.‎ ‎25.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 suggests that prisoners can .‎ A.start a new life B.settle down in another place C.direct films D.become good actors ‎26.Pugh has practised storytelling with groups of people.‎ A.2 B.3‎ C.4 D.5‎ ‎27.What is the main idea of the text?‎ A.Storytelling can influence the way people think.‎ B.Storytelling is vital to the growth of businesses.‎ C.Storytelling is the best way to educate children in school.‎ D.Storytelling helps people understand themselves and others.‎ H Abby Subark is a mother of two from Boston."For my kids, I’m nervous.I don’t know if they’ll be able to achieve their American Dream." She may be right.More than hard work or education, the best way to get rich in America is to be born rich.‎ It is the case that somebody who is in the upper third of income, with poor scores, at the bottom on tests when they are in the eighth grade, is more likely to go to college and finish college than a poor kid with the top scores.That’s what the working person’s children are up against.‎ The Economic Policy Institute finds it would take a poor couple with 2 children 9 or 10 generations to achieve middle-class status.That’s about 200 years.The hallmark (特征) of American opportunity has always been the ability to do better than your parents.But compared with similar developed countries, the United States ranks fifth out of six for socalled intergenerational mobility (变动).‎ If you look at the mechanisms (机制) for upward mobility that were so readily available 50 years ago, they are becoming out of reach, like plentiful factory jobs with good wages and affordable education and health care.‎ White families are twice as likely as blacks to be upwardly mobile.For most people in America today, where you end up depends on where you start.‎ If you started in the middle-income class, about 40 to 45 percent of what you are making right now is due to the fact that your parents were in the middle-income class.The rest is up to you.‎ But for the millions of people who find themselves below the poverty line (贫困线) and the millions more who are the working poor, their starting point for the American Dream leaves them painfully far away from the middle class.‎ ‎28.The main idea of the passage is .‎ A.how the middle class comes about in the US B.it’s hard to realize the American Dream for the poor C.wealth and social status depend on family background D.upward mobility in America is never easy ‎29.Which of the statements is NOT true according to the passage? ‎ A.People used to have job opportunities and welfare for upward mobility.‎ B.A great many poor people can hardly realize their American Dream.‎ C.You can make all your dreams come true in America if born rich.‎ D.Rich kids are more likely to go to college than poor kids.‎ ‎30.The underlined sentence "where you end up depends on where you start" most probably means " ".‎ A.your starting point cannot determine your destination B.only a high goal can ensure success C.one’s birth has nothing to do with his fate D.one’s family lays solid foundation for his future achievements ‎31.Why is Abby Subark nervous? ‎ A.Her kids don’t want to compare with other rich kids in achievements.‎ B.Her kids don’t want to achieve success at all.‎ C.Her kids can achieve success through hard work and education.‎ D.Her kids can’t reach their goal without a rich family.‎ ‎32.What can we infer after reading the passage?‎ A.Poverty causes people much pain.‎ B.People below the poverty line can never be in the middle class.‎ C.A lower starting point makes it hard for people to realize their dream.‎ D.Poor people’s starting point is too low.‎ I ‎"Earthquake!" The word flashed in my brain.A roaring sound filled my ears.I tried to slide beneath my desk.The desk did a wild tap dance, slipping and sliding towards the centre of the room.I twisted my body and grabbed at the windowsill behind me, somehow kicking free of my dancing chair.I tried to stand.My legs skated away as if on a bucking escalator.‎ My fingers shook, grasped and held the windowsill tightly.Somewhere through the roar sounded the terrified scream of some wounded animal.I looked behind me and tried to steady my gaze on the other kids but the scene was a dizzy nightmare.Some of the class were sitting in the middle of the room, surrounded by chairs and desks.One girl was screaming.A boy was trying to claw his way across the floor to the door in a crazy overarm crawl.‎ My grip froze me to the windowsill.‎ I cried aloud, "I’m going to die.I’m going to die.Save me, I’m not ready to die, I’m not ready!"‎ I hunched forward on my knees and pressed my face against my clenched fingers.I looked at the backs of my fingers and stupidly noticed the fragile pale hairs growing out of the pores.The fingers would soon cease to exist.Somehow the impending horror of my death was too terrible to even cry about.‎ Suddenly, I became aware that the rocking had ceased.Perhaps I wasn’t going to die.33.The roaring sound was made by .‎ A.a wounded animal B.people’s screaming C.children’s running D.an earthquake ‎34.When the writer clenches his fingers he is .‎ A.afraid B.angry C.injured D.impatient ‎35.Paragraph two describes the .‎ A.injuries suffered by the writer B.effects of a bad nightmare C.disorder in the classroom D.writer’s fear of death ‎36.At the end of the passage there is a feeling of .‎ A.panic B.hope C.sorrow D.excitement J Many people like the feeling of the gentle wind in spring.Many people like to see the falling leaves dancing in the wind in autumn.But sometimes, when the wind becomes a storm, it can be very destructive(毁灭性的).‎ A series of such storms struck the US last month and caused very serious damage.Every year, major storms cause many problems around the world.There is nothing people can do to stop these powerful forces of nature.But new techniques are helping scientists to predict(预测)how, when, and where big storms will happen.The more exact scientists’ warnings are, the better people can prepare for the storms.‎ Predictions are improving."We’ve gotten better over the years, especially the last few years," says Phil Klotzbach, a scientist at an American university.How is a storm formed? Even if scientists know where a storm will happen, winds can suddenly change, carrying the storm to a new direction."For a hurricane to happen, conditions have to be just right," Klotzbach says.‎ First, the ocean water needs to be warm enough so that it evaporates and rises into the air.As it rises, the vapor(水蒸气)cools and turns back into liquid.This process gives off heat.This produces energy like an engine that causes winds to increase.It drives the formation of a hurricane.‎ If wind speed reaches 40 miles per hour, the system is called a "tropical storm", and it gets a name.At 75 miles per hour, it becomes a hurricane.‎ Hurricanes that hit the US start when a thunderstorm forms off the coast of Africa.Storms also develop over tropical waters in other parts of the world.‎ On average, 60 or 70 storms form off Africa every year.About 10 of them get names.There are usually about six hurricanes.Two tend to be very big, with winds of 115 miles per hour or higher.‎ The hurricane season lasts from June to November.Ninety percent of all hurricanes hit in August, September, and October.‎ ‎37.According to the text, hurricanes usually .‎ A.form off the coast of Africa and America B.travel at 40 miles per hour and get its name C.cause sea winds to rise and blow over the sea D.hit parts of the world in summer and autumn ‎38.The underlined word "evaporates" probably means " ".‎ A.begins to move B.gets lost C.becomes hot D.changes into a gas ‎39.Which of the following about the formation of a hurricane is the correct order?‎ a.The ocean water evaporates and rises into the air.‎ b.Heat creates energy and causes winds to increase.‎ c.The vapor cools.‎ d.The ocean water is warm enough.‎ e.The vapor changes back into liquid.‎ f.This course gives off heat.‎ A.a, d, e, b, c, f B.a, b, c, f, d, e C.d, a, c, e, f, b D.d, a, b, c, e, f ‎40.According to the text, the speed of the two biggest hurricanes reaches .‎ A.115 miles per hour B.170 miles per hour C.75 miles per hour D.135 miles per hour ‎41.According to the passage, we can conclude that .‎ A.every year about ten serious storms attack Africa B.a tropical storm is more serious than a hurricane C.New techniques help scientists to hold back the storms D.It is hard to say where the hurricane will happen K Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general.Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?‎ Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the arguments is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian（百姓的）clothes.People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform.A television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes.Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform.What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity（身份）than to step out of uniform?‎ Uniforms also have many practical benefits.They save on other clothes.‎ They save on laundry bills.They are tax-deductible（可减税的）.They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.‎ The primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them.Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement.When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.‎ Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems.Though they are longlasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes.Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.‎ ‎42.It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality .‎ A.still judge a man by his clothes B.hold the uniform in such high regard C.enjoy having a professional identity D.will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform ‎43.People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform .‎ A.suggests quality work B.discards his social identity C.appears to be more practical D.looks superior to a person in civilian clothes ‎44.The chief function of a uniform is to .‎ A.provide practical benefits to the wearer B.make the wearer catch the public eye C.inspire the wearer’s confidence in himself D.provide the wearer with a professional identity ‎45.According to the passage, people wearing uniforms .‎ A.are usually helpful B.have little or no individual freedom C.tend to lose their individuality D.enjoy greater popularity ‎46.The best title for this passage would be .‎ A.Uniforms and Society B.The Importance of Wearing a Uniform C.Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform D.Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms L Living and dealing with kids can be a tough job these days, but living and dealing with parents can be even tougher.‎ If I have learned anything in my 16 years, it is that communication is very important, especially when you disagree.With any relationship, you need to let other persons know how you are feeling.If you are not able to communicate, your relationship drifts apart.When you are mad at your parents, or anyone else, not talking to them doesn’t solve anything.‎ Communication begins with the concerns of another.It means that you can’t just come home from school, go up to your room and ignore everyone.Even if you just say "Hi" and see how their day was for five minutes, it is better than nothing.If you look up the word "communication" in the dictionary, it will say" the exchange of ideas, conveyance (传递) of information, correspondence (通信), means of communication: a letter or message".To keep a good relationship, you must keep the communication strong.Let people know how you feel, even if it’s just by writing a note.‎ When dealing with parents, you always have to make them feel good about how they are doing as parents.If you are trying to make them see something as you see it, tell them that you will listen to what they have to say, and ask them politely to listen to you.Shouting or walking away only makes the situation worse.‎ Here is an example.One night, Sophie went to a street party with her friends.She knew she had to be home by midnight, but she didn’t feel she could just ask to go home.That would be rude.After all, they had been nice enough to make her along with them.Needless to say, she was late getting home.Her parents were mad at first, but when Sophie explained why she was late, they weren’t as mad and let the incident go.Communication was the key factor here.If Sophie’s parents had not been willing to listen, Sophie would have been in a lot of trouble.‎ Communication isn’t a one-way deal.It goes both ways.Just remember: if you get into a situation like Sophie’s, telling the other persons how you feel — listening is a key factor to communication.‎ ‎47.The second paragraph mainly talks about .‎ A.the importance of friendship B.making your feelings known to others C.the importance of communication D.the disagreement between generations ‎48.The key to a good relationship between parents and children is that .‎ A.children should always obey their parents B.parents play the leading part C.parents should mind their own business D.both should make the other know their feelings ‎49.The example in the passage proves that .‎ A.Sophie’s parents were willing to listen to her B.Sophie was very polite to her parents C.Sophie did the right thing when she explained the reason of her being late D.communication is the key to solving misunderstanding ‎50.All of the following statements are true EXCEPT .‎ A.if you don’t agree with others, you’d better let them know B.it is better to say "Hi" to others than to say nothing C.if you are too busy to communicate, just walk away D.communication is a two-way deal M Sandstorms strike as 2001 dawns Sandstorms hit northwestern China’s Gansu Province and North China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(内蒙古自治区)on the first day of the new century. According to Sun Landong, a meteorologist(气象学家) with the Lanzhou Meteorology Observatory, visibility(能见度) was less than 100 meters in Minqin, a Gansu county near Inner Mongolia, because of sand. When visibility drops to less than one kilometer, it is called a sandstorm. The sandstorm in Minqin blew up dust in neighboring towns, such as Baiyin, Wuwei, Jinchang and Lanzhou, the capital city of Gansu Province. Dustladen winds also swept into Beijing. Brought by northwesterly blowing at more than 20 meters per second, dust first reached the capital’s suburbs at 7 am, downtown areas at 9 am. The winds, which died down during the night, brought the temperature down to as low as 8℃ below zero and many flights were put off from the city’s airport.‎ It is quite rare for sandstorms, which are frequent between March and June, to happen in winter, when the earth is frozen. The sandstorms in Gansu and Inner Mongolia do not necessarily mean there will be more of them in spring than last year, when they were serious, but Beijing is taking it very seriously. It is reported that Beijing will spend 6 billion yuan (＄725 million) in preventing sandstorms in the capital and has already set up a special team to make sure what causes them.‎ ‎51. What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A. Sandstorms took place in Gansu.B. Sandstorms happened on the first day of the new century.‎ C. Sandstorms are very serious, compared to last year.‎ D. The experts are trying their best to determine the cause of the sandstorms formed this year.‎ ‎52.Supposing the dust was 300 kilometers away from Beijing, it would reach Beijing about hours later if it travelled at a speed of 20 meters per second.‎ A. 4.2 B. 15 C. 20 D. 25‎ ‎53. Why did sandstorms begin in winter this year?‎ A. Because there was little snow this season.‎ B. Because a lot of trees had been cut down.‎ C. Because people took few measures to control them.‎ D. It is not mentioned in the passage.‎ ‎54. Which of the following doesn’t belong to the bad effects of the sandstorms in Beijing?‎ A. The temperature fell.‎ B. Flights were put off.‎ C. The air was dirty. ‎ D. People had three days off.‎ ‎55. The author wrote the passage to .‎ A. tell us the environment is becoming worse and worse B. explain what measures people have taken to control sandstorms C. make people realize the need to protect the environment D. call on us to do what we can to save the earth N Our surroundings are being polluted faster than nature and man’s present efforts can prevent it. Time is bringing us more people, and more people will bring us more industry, more cars, larger cities, and growing use of manmade materials.‎ What can explain this problem? The fact is that the pollution is caused by man — by man’s desire for a modern way of life. We make "increasing industrialization (工业化)"our chief aim. So we are often ready to offer everything: clean air, pure water, good food, our health and the future of our children. There is a constant flow of people from the countryside into the cities, eager for the benefits of our modern society. But as our technological achievements have grown in the last twenty years, pollution has become a serious problem.‎ Isn’t it time we stopped to ask ourselves where we are going and why? It makes one think of the story about the airline pilot who told his passengers over the loudspeaker, "I’ve some good news and some bad news. The good news is that we’re making rapid progress at 530 miles per hour. The bad news is that we’re lost and don’t know where we’re going."The sad fact is that this becomes a true story when we speak of our modern society.‎ ‎56. Man cannot prevent the world from being polluted because .‎ A. the pollution of the world is increasing fast B. people use too many man-made materials C. we have more industry D. we are producing more cars, trucks and buses ‎57. People crowd into the cities for . ‎ A. they want very much to find wellpaid jobs B. they are anxious to enjoy the achievements of our society C. they have become tired of their home towns D. they have a strong wish to become industrial workers ‎58. According to the passage, what does man value most among the following?‎ A. Industry. B. Health.‎ C. Clean air. D. The future of the children.‎ ‎59. The story about the airline pilot tells us that .‎ A. man knows where society is going B. people do not welcome the rapid development of modern society C. man can do little about the problem of pollution D. the writer is worried about the future of our society O America is growing older. Fifty years ago, only 4 out of every 100 people in the United States were 65 or older. Today, 10 out of every 100 Americans are over 65. The aging of the population will affect American society in many ways — education, medicine, and business. Quietly, the graying of America has made us a very different society — one in which people have a quite different idea of what kind of behavior is suitable at various ages.‎ A person’s age no longer tells you anything about his/her social position, marriage or health. There’s no longer a particular year in which one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family. The social clock that kept us on time and told us when to go to school, get a job, or stop working isn’t as strong as it used to be. It doesn’t surprise us to hear of a 29-year-old university president or a 35-year-old grandmother, or a 70-year-old man who has become a father for the first time. Public ideas are changing.‎ Many people say, "I am much younger than my mother or my father who was at my age." No one says "Act your age." anymore. We’ve stopped looking with surprise at older people who act inyouthful ways.‎ ‎60. It can be learned from the text that the aging of the population in America .‎ A. has made people feel younger ‎ B. has changed people’s social position C. has changed people’s understanding of age D. has slowed down the country’s social development ‎61. The underlined word "one" refers to .‎ A. a society B. America C. a place D. population ‎62. "Act your age." means people should .‎ A. be active when they are old B. do the right thing at the right age C. show respect for their parents young or old D. take more physical exercise suitable to their age ‎63. If a 25yearold man becomes general manager of a big firm, the writer of the text will most probably consider it .‎ A. normal B. wonderful C. unbelievable D. unreasonable P The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.‎ As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment （宗教义务）, and self-improvement.‎ Ask a bachelor（单身汉） why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, and excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.‎ Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a threeday vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word "fun" to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.‎ Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.‎ ‎64. According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because .‎ A. he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities B. he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single C. he finds more fun in dating than in marriage D. he fears it will put an end to all his fun, adventure and excitement ‎65. Raising children, in the author’s opinion, is .‎ A. a moral duty B. a thankless job ‎ C. a rewarding task D. a source of inevitable pain ‎66. From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from .‎ A. hatred B. misunderstanding ‎ C. prejudice D. ignorance ‎67. To understand what true happiness is, one must .‎ A. have as much fun as possible during his or her lifetime B. make every effort to liberate himself or herself from pain C. put up with pain under all circumstances D. be able to distinguish happiness from fun ‎68. What is the author trying to tell us?‎ A. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain.‎ B. One must know how to attain happiness.‎ C. It is important to make commitments.‎ D. It is pain that leads to happiness.‎ Q He could have been president of Israel or played the violin at Carnegie Hall, but he was too busy thinking. His thinking on God, love and the meaning of life has graced our greeting ‎ cards and day-timers. ‎ Fifty years after his death, his shock (乱蓬蓬的一堆) of white hair and hanging moustache still symbolize genius. Einstein remains the foremost scientist of the modern time. Looking back on the past 2,400 years, only Newton, Galileo and Aristotle were his equals. ‎ Around the world, universities and academies (研究院) were celebrating the 100th anniversary of Einstein’s "miracle year" when he published five scientific papers in 1905 that basically changed our grasp of space, time, light and matter. Only he could top himself about a decade later with his Theory of Relativity. ‎ Born in the age of horse-drawn carriages, his ideas launched a technological revolution that has made more changes in a century than in the previous two thousand years. Computers, satellites, telecommunication, lasers, television and nuclear power all owe their invention to ways in which Einstein exposed a stranger and more complicated reality underneath the world. ‎ He escaped Hitler’s Germany and devoted the rest of his life to human rights and peace with an authority unmatched by any scientist today, or even most politicians and religious leaders. He spoke out against fascism (法西斯主义) and racial prejudice. His FBI (联邦调查局) file ran 1,400 pages. ‎ His letters exposed a disorderly personal life — married twice and indifferent towards his children while absorbed in physics. Yet he charmed lovers and admirers with poetry and sailboat outings. Friends and neighbors fiercely protected his privacy.‎ ‎69. The first paragraph implies that Einstein . ‎ A. had the gift for politics and music B. had run for president before he worked at his research C. was an excellent violinist D. was more a political leader or a musician than a thinker ‎70. When you think of Einstein, what typical appearance was formed in your mind?‎ A. Funny and humorous, with an air of a musician.‎ B. Wearing very wide trousers, a moustache, with an image of an actor. ‎ C. Wearing rough and untidy white hair and hanging moustache, with an image of thinking.‎ D. Black long hair and moustache, with his eyes deep set.‎ ‎71. Why was 1905 called Einstein’s "miracle year"?‎ A. Because he topped himself with his Theory of Relativity.‎ B. Because he made important discoveries of space, time, light and matter.‎ C. Because he published five papers on his Theory of Relativity.‎ D. Because he wrote five important articles to help people better understand space, time, light and matter.‎ ‎72. Which of the following is NOT true about Einstein according to the passage?‎ A. When he was absorbed in his research, he didn’t care for his family.‎ B. He was able to attract lovers and admirers.‎ C. He was so busy with the physical research that he showed no interest in politics.‎ D. His theory led to much improvement in many technological fields.‎ R Do you suppose Darwin, one of the greatest scientists of all time, really did foolish experiments? Or did he do experiments that were so simple and basic that other people just thought they were foolish? ‎ Sometimes, people think they already know the answer to a question or the solution (解决办法) to a problem. Sometimes, they do know an answer or a solution, but without thinking they are important.‎ Charles Darwin didn’t settle for (满足于) just thinking he knew something. And, he believed all things could be important however simple they seemed to be.‎ Suppose you drop sheets of paper that are of exactly the same size and shape. If you drop them at the same time in the same place, they will fall in the same way. Now make one of the sheets of paper into a tight (紧的) little ball and let it drop along with the other sheets. What happens? You have done an experiment that is so simple that you might think it couldn’t be worth anything.‎ But this simple experiment is important. It explains part of our present understandings of physics, and ideas that were worked out long ago by Galileo and Newton. And these understandings set aside some of ancient Greek physics.‎ Scientists sometimes stop to look at very simple things and to think very hard about them. Even the simplest idea, which we might think is foolish, can shake the foundations of science. ‎ ‎73. The passage tells us that Charles Darwin .‎ A. was a great English scientist B. always liked doing the experiments that others thought difficult C. thought even the simplest thing was important D. didn’t get on well with others ‎74. The underlined phrase "set aside" in Paragraph 5 most probably means " ".‎ A. throw away B. store up C. put to use D. realize ‎75. The author of the passage tries to .‎ A. convince us that Charles Darwin, Galileo and Newton are the greatest scientists in the world ‎ B. draw the conclusion that basic sciences are simple things C. prove that two sheets of paper, with the same size and shape, will fall at the same speed ‎ D. draw our attention to everyday happenings around us ‎ ‎76. Which one of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. Darwin really did foolish experiments. ‎ B. According to some people Darwin did foolish experiments. ‎ C. It is believed by all the people that things could be important though they seemed to be simple. ‎ D. Galileo and Newton worked out ancient Greek physics. ‎ S These days a green building means more than just the color of the paint. Green buildings can also refer to environmentally friendly houses, factories and offices.‎ ‎"Green buildings mean reducing the impact (影响) of the buildings on the land", said Taryn Holowka of the US Green Building Council in Washington, D.C.‎ According to Holowka, buildings account for(占) 65 percent of the total electricity use of the US.‎ But Green buildings can reduce energy and water use. Also, the buildings are often located near public transportation such as buses and subways, so that people can drive their cars less. That could be good for the environment, because cars use lots of gas and give off pollution. Green buildings are often built on developed land,so that the buildings don’t destroy forests.‎ Marty Dettling is project manager for a building who put these ideas into action. The Solaire has been called the country’s first green high-rise building. According to Dettling, "We’ve reduced our energy use by one-third and our water by 50 percent."‎ The Solaire cuts energy in part by using solar power. "On the face of the building we have solar panels which change the sun’s energy into electricity," Dettling explained.‎ The Solaire also has lights that automatically turn off when people leave the room. In addition, the building has lots of windows, allowing people to use the sun for light during the day. The Solaire cuts water by reusing it.‎ Not everyone is eager to move into a green building, however. Some people think that things like solar panels cost more money than most traditional energy sources. Anyhow, Holowka said, "It’s going to be big."‎ ‎77. In the second paragraph, the underlined words "the buildings" most probably refer to .‎ A. ordinary buildings B. energy-saving buildings C. green-colored buildings D. buildings in Washington, D.C.‎ ‎78. A green building is often built on an area of land .‎ A. which has thick forests around ‎ B. which has already been used for buildings C. where people of high income live D. where traveling around by car is most convenient ‎79. When Holowka says in the last paragraph "It’s going to be big.", she means that green buildings .‎ A. will be more comfortable B. will become popular in the future C. will be more environmentally friendly D. will take the place of traditional buildings ‎80. What is the main subject discussed in the text?‎ A. Dettling designed the first green building in the US.‎ B. Energy shortage calls for buildings of new design.‎ C. Green buildings help save environment.‎ D. The Solaire serves as a model of high buildings.‎ T A boy in Wales, Britain, called Raphael Gray, was arrested by BFI agents because he had downloaded 26,000 credit card numbers using his computer. Gray had created a simple program that allowed him to access one of Microsoft’s most widely used software products. Through it he was able to find out sites online where thousands of credit card numbers were stored. ‎ ‎"It was just click, click, click and I was downloading thousands of them. You could teach your grandmother how to do it. It was very easy." Gray said.‎ Gray is one of a growing problem teenagers with the urge (=strong wish) and the computer skills to break into computers, stealing classified data and personal financial(财政的) details. Gray insisted that he did not hack for personal gain though there are criminals who want to use young hackers for their skills.‎ He has already been found out by someone wanting him to launder money. "It was tempting(诱人的)."he admitted. "I was offered anything I wanted: money, a flat, anything with no questions asked, just do this bank and that bank." The teenager turned the offer down but said there’re many other hackers who would accept the job. And there are more shadowy groups on the Internet seeking to use young hackers.‎ ‎81. The text is mainly about .‎ A. young criminals B. teenage hackers C. safety of websites D. safety of credit card numbers ‎82. Which was, by inference, the key thing for him to be able to download so many credit card numbers easily?‎ A. A good computer. B. The program he created.‎ C. Some websites. D. The Internet.‎ ‎83. What might the underlined phrase "BFI agents" refer to?‎ A. Detectives under the British government. ‎ B. Detectives working for private people.‎ C. International police. ‎ D. Secret police on the Internet.‎ ‎84. What might Gray have downloaded the numbers for according to this passage?‎ A. For money. B. For fun.‎ C. To teach his grandmother. D. To practise his skills.‎ U A Whole New World ‎[Aladdin:] I can show you the world Shining, shimmering, splendid Tell me, princess, now when did You last let your heart decide? ‎ I can open your eyes Take you wonder by wonder Over, sideways and under On a magic carpet ride A whole new world A new fantastic point of view No one to tell us no Or where to go Or say we’re only dreaming ‎[Jasmine:] A whole new world A dazzling place I never knew But when I’m way up here It’s crystal clear That now I’m in a whole new world with you ‎[Aladdin:] Now I’m in a whole new world with you ‎[Jasmine:] Unbelievable sights Indescribable feeling Soaring, tumbling, freewheeling Through an endless diamond sky A whole new world ‎[Aladdin:] Don’t you dare close your eyes ‎[Jasmine:] A hundred thousand things to see ‎[Aladdin:] Hold your breath — it gets better ‎[Jasmine:] I’m like a shooting star I’ve come so far I can’t go back to where I used to be ‎[Aladdin:] A whole new world ‎[Jasmine:] Every turn a surprise ‎[Aladdin:] With new horizons to pursue ‎[Jasmine:] Every moment red-letter ‎[Both:] I’ll chase them anywhere There’s time to spare Let me share this whole new world with you A whole new world That’s where we’ll be ‎[Aladdin:] A thrilling chase ‎[Jasmine:] A wondrous place ‎[Both:] For you and me ‎85. The phrase "Take you wonder by wonder "means .‎ A. I’ll let you see endless wonders B. I’ll make you wonder C. I’ll make you free of wonders D. I’ll give you a wonder ‎86. In the song, the writer expresses his towards the world.‎ A. love B. coldness C. disappointment D. tiredness ‎87. This song is about .‎ A. how to create a new world B. a completely new world C. a completely new life D. love between Aladdin and Jasmine V The Great Wall of China winds across the country like a giant stone snake. It is 1,500 miles long. The wall crosses mountains and rivers. It reaches from the ocean on the east to the desert on the west. ‎ The Chinese began their wall more than 2,000 years ago. They worked on it for hundreds of years. The Chinese wanted to keep out their enemies.‎ At the bottom, the wall is 25 feet wide. At the top it is about 15 feet wide. The sides of the wall are made of stone and brick, while the inside is filled with earth. Parts of the wall rise as high as a threestoried building. Every 100 yards along the Great Wall there was a watchtower where soldiers used to stand to watch for enemies approaching. The road on top of the wall is wide enough for two wagons (马车)to pass. If we were to build such a wall now, we would use modern machines. But the Chinese had to build the wall all by hand. If the wall were in our country, it would reach from the state of New York to Nebraska. The Great Wall of China is the longest wall ever built.‎ Nowadays the Great Wall has become a place of interest as one of the seven wonders of the world. Every year people from all over the world come to visit it. Many of them have got to know the famous Chinese saying "He who docs not reach the Great Wall is not a true man."‎ ‎88. The story does not say so, but it makes you think that the Great Wall .‎ A. has a gate every 100 yards B. is used as a road today C. is still as useful today as it was D. is as high as a three-storied building ‎89. What is meant by the sentence "The Great Wall of China winds across the country like a giant stone snake."? ‎ A. It stops the wind from blowing. B. It can move.‎ C. It looks like a snake. D. It is very long.‎ ‎90. Which of these sentences do you think is right?‎ A. The Great Wall of China was built with modern machinery.‎ B. The Great Wall goes from New York to Nebraska.‎ C. There are many snakes inside the Great Wall.‎ D. The writer of the passage is an American.‎ ‎91. The writer mentions the famous saying "He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man." in order to .‎ A. describe the greatness of the Great Wall B. show that a true man can reach the Great Wall C. attract you to the Great Wall D. prove that it is difficult to climb the Great Wall W The storage of classified (被分类的) research at all 24 labs run by the US Department of Energy was shut down this week after officials decided that the security (安全) problems recently found at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico might also exist elsewhere. ‎ Several computer disks went missing at Los Alamos earlier this month, forcing Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham to stop all work at the lab until the problems are found out. As of 26 July, two missing disks had still not been found, and 15 employees had been suspended in connection with the disappearance.‎ Now all energy labs will stop doing classified research that involves(需要) removable storage devices — such as computer disks — until all the devices are given explanation for and new procedures are in place for monitoring their handling by laboratory employees.‎ ‎"While we have no evidence that the problems being investigated are present elsewhere, we have a responsibility to take all necessary action to prevent such problems," Abraham said on 23 July.‎ The shut-down isn’t quite as dramatic（惊人的）as it sounds, experts say. Only two labs will be seriously affected: Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California. Together with Los Alamos, these two labs conduct the most part of the country’s nuclear weapon programmes. At Livermore, 876 employees will be suspended during the storage of some 12,000 items of classified removable material.‎ At other labs, far fewer people will be affected. "The impact (影响) should be the smallest," says Martha Krebs, former director of the energy department’s science office.‎ ‎92. Why was the storage of classified research at all 24 labs shut down?‎ A. Because the security problems might be present elsewhere.‎ B. Because the security problems existed elsewhere.‎ C. Because two missing computer disks had still not be found.‎ D. Because officials decided to stop doing such research.‎ ‎93. How many labs conduct the most part of the country’s nuclear weapon programmes according to the text?‎ A. About 24. B. Only 2. C. More than 2. D. Over 15.‎ ‎94. The underlined word "suspended" in the second paragraph probably means " ".‎ A. hung from above B. stopped from holding a position ‎ C. doubted D. fired ‎95. It can be inferred from the text that .‎ A. the computer disks must have been stolen by terrorists B. the people living in the United States have little security C. the United States is a country whose security is very bad D. the missing of the computer disks caused great fear among Americans X A study published in September suggests there is a surprising way to get people to avoid unhealthy foods: change their memories. Scientist Elizabeth Loftus of the University of California at Irvine asked volunteers to answer some questions on their personalities (个性) and food experiences. "One week later," Loftus says, "we told those people we’d fed their answers into our smart computer and it came up with accounts of their early childhood experiences." Some accounts included one key additional detail (细节): "You got sick after eating strawberry ice-cream." The researchers then changed this detail into a manufactured (人为促成的) memory through leading questions — Who were you with? How did you feel? By the end of the study, up to 41% of those given a false memory believed strawberry ice-cream once made them sick, and many said they’d avoid eating it.‎ When Loftus published her findings, she started getting calls from people begging her to make them remember hating chocolate or French fries. Unfortunately, it’s not that easy. False memories appear to work only for foods you don’t eat on a regular basis. But most importantly, it is likely that false memories can be implanted (灌输) only in people who are unaware of the mental control. And lying to a patient is immoral, even if a doctor believes it’s for the patient’s benefit.‎ Loftus says there’s nothing to stop parents from trying it with their overweight children. "I say, wake up — parents have been lying about Father Christmas for years, and nobody seems to mind. If they can prevent diseases caused by fatness and all the other problems that come with that, you might think that’s a more moral lie. Decide that for yourself."‎ ‎96. Why did Loftus ask the volunteers to answer some questions?‎ A. To improve her computer program. ‎ B. To find out their attitudes towards food.‎ C. To find out details she can make use of. ‎ D. To predict what food they’ll like in the future.‎ ‎97. What did Loftus find out from her research?‎ A. People believe what the computer tells them.‎ B. People can be led to believe in something false.‎ C. People tend to forget their childhood experiences.‎ D. People are not always aware of their personalities.‎ ‎98. According to the study, people may stop having a certain food if they .‎ A. learn it is harmful for health B. lie to themselves that they don’t want it C. are willing to let doctors control their minds D. think they once had a bad experience of eating it ‎99. What is the biggest concern with the method?‎ A. Whether it is moral. B. Who it is best for.‎ C. When it is effective. D. How it should be used.‎ ‎ 参考答案 A 本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己作为销售人员在圣诞节后的一月份"狂热购物"销售活动中的亲身经历。‎ ‎1.D 由第二段中的"Firstly, there is the special winter stock(货物)and the stock that people buy all the year round; some of these things are slightly reduced." 可知5%即为slightly reduce。‎ ‎2.A 根据第六段中的"Where had the famous English Queue?"可知。‎ ‎3.D 根据文章倒数第三段可知。‎ ‎4.C 通篇文章介绍的都是在假期内有关大甩卖的事，故选C。‎ B 本文是一篇说明文，作者主要介绍了美国父亲节的来历以及这个节日的庆祝方式。‎ ‎5.A 推理判断题。由文章第二段的第五句可推知。‎ ‎6.D 细节判断题。由文章的最后两段可知。‎ ‎7.B 推理判断题。由文章的第二段可知她的父亲无私、仁慈，在她的母亲死后，是她的父亲把她养大的，因此可以推知她的父亲对她一定做了很多。‎ C 本文是一篇说明文，作者主要介绍了(伊斯兰教的)斋月和复活节的来历及庆祝活动。‎ ‎8.B 由"People celebrate it in the ninth month of the Arabic lunar calendar." 可从知道答案。‎ ‎9.A 由" The name of the festival comes from the Arabic month in which it is celebrated."可以判断Ramadan是阿拉伯日历中的月份名称。‎ ‎10.C 由"During Ramadan, people must not eat during the day: from when the sun comes up to when the sun goes down…"可知在Ramadan期间,人们在日出到日落之间不得进食。‎ ‎11.B 由"People celebrate Easter in different ways: in some countries, the Easter Bunny — a big rabbit — will visit people and children will go on egg hunts, looking for eggs and candy that have been hidden by their parents."可知复活节时,孩子们要去寻找鸡蛋。‎ D 本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了英国的"认知宣传周"广告运动，并特别指出这种广告运动都带有市场性质，作者据此提出了自己的观点和解决方法。‎ ‎12.A 慈善机构举办认知宣传周的主要目的是给慈善机构筹集善款，虽然它同时也能增加自己的知名度。‎ ‎13.B 文中第四、五段谈到:许多认知宣传活动已经改变了它的初衷，把它办成了一个专门的市场营销活动，专门推销某种产品，于是人们开始不信任这些活动。‎ ‎14.A Ms.Ormiston 说此番话的主要目的是这些认知宣传活动不应只是为了赚钱，应该有法律来规范他们的行为，使它回到它的初衷上来。‎ ‎15.C 文中最后谈到:也许该举办National Weak Awareness Week，尤其是针对那些对Awareness Week缺乏了解的人。‎ E 人道对待动物协会建议德国城市汉堡更名，因为它的名字很容易使人们联想到食物汉堡包，但遭到拒绝。‎ ‎16.A 细节理解题。因为德国城市汉堡与食物汉堡包名字相似，很容易让人联想到汉堡包所带来的负面影响，所以人道对待动物协会建议它更名。‎ ‎17.B 词义推测题。结合全文，人道对待动物协会反对用动物肉做的汉堡包，Veggieburg的词头与蔬菜(vegetable)相近，故其意思应该是"用蔬菜做的汉堡包"，即提倡吃蔬菜。本题应用构词法去推断词的含义。‎ ‎18.C 细节理解题。由文中的"...which traces its roots to the ninth century..."可知该名字可追溯到九世纪，所以历史久远，故答案为C。A、B、D三项表述均错误。‎ ‎19.B 综合判断题。两个城市都继续用现在的名字，因为两个城市都拒绝了PETA要求更名的提议。文章中的"But city officials in Hamburg, Germany’s second largest city which traces its roots to the ninth century, were unmoved."及"But their ＄ 15,000 bid was refused."进行了提示。‎ F 本文描述了地球未来可能遇到的与彗星撞击的灾难情景。‎ ‎20.B 细节理解题。由"The year is 2094.It has been announced that a comet(彗星) is heading towards the Earth."可知文章描述的是想象中的事件。‎ ‎21.D 细节理解题。由"The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the sea bed.Huge waves are created..."可知此题选D。‎ ‎22.B 推理判断题。由"Because of the explosion，the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, and temperatures around the world fall to almost zero...The sun won’t be seen again for many years."可知大气中尘埃弥漫，遮天蔽日，且持续数年之久；根据常识可知,离开光和热，人类是无法生存的，故答案为B。‎ ‎23.D 作者意图推断题。由"Could it really happen?In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth.The dinosaurs..."可知答案为D。‎ G 本文主要讲述的是讲故事对人类精神世界的影响。‎ ‎24.D 细节理解题。由"They regard storytelling not only as a useful tool in child education，but also as a meaningful activity that helps adults..."可知本题选D。‎ ‎25.A 句意理解题。"She works with prisoners too, helping them know who they are by telling stories that her listeners can write,direct, and act in their own lives."表明了文章的寓意，即人生就是一个故事，我们重写故事时，就是在重塑我们的人生。故答案为A。‎ ‎26.B 细节理解题。由文章第四段的内容可知答案为B。‎ ‎27.D 主旨概括题。综观全文并结合文章的主题句"We are all storytellers.We all have a story to tell.We tell everybody’s story."可知此题选D。‎ H 本文描写了一位母亲对孩子前途的担忧，并指出美国年轻人的前途在很大程度上取决于家庭背景。‎ ‎28.B 主旨大意题。综观全文可知：如果没有良好的家庭背景，美国的年轻人要实现自己的美国梦是很困难的。故选B。‎ ‎29.C 细节理解题。A、B、D三项在文中都能找到根据，故选C。 （这里要特别提醒学生C项中的all your dreams太绝对。）‎ ‎30.D 句意理解题。由上下文可知，该句意为"你的家庭背景决定着你的前途"。‎ ‎31.D 推理判断题。通读全文可以推断出Abby Subark担心的是她的孩子由于家庭背景不好而不能实现他们的目标。‎ ‎32.C 推理判断题。通读全文可知，C项内容才是文章所隐含的和所要表达的。‎ I 本文讲述的是一次地震给作者及同学们带来的恐惧和慌乱。‎ ‎33.D 由文章开头部分可知答案。‎ ‎34.A 由文章倒数第二段可知答案。‎ ‎35.C 从文章第二段所提到的孩子、桌子、椅子等可知答案。‎ ‎36.B 从文章最后一句,我们可以看出作者感到有一线希望。‎ J 本文讲述的是飓风的形成、飓风对人类的破坏以及科学家为此作出的努力。‎ ‎37.D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句提到的飓风大多发生在八、九、十月可知飓风主要发生在夏季和秋季。‎ ‎38.D 词义猜测题。由后面的"As it rises,the vapor（水蒸气）cools and turns back into liquid."及常识可知，只有水"蒸发"为气体才能进入大气,因此此处表示水变成了气体。‎ ‎39.C 细节理解题。根据第四段的叙述可知C项顺序正确。‎ ‎40.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的"Two tend to be very big, with winds of 115 miles per hour or higher."可知A项正确。‎ ‎41.A 推理判断题。由倒数第二段的第二句可知非洲每年大约有10次风暴，这非常严重,因此A正确；根据文章第五段的叙述可知"飓风"比"热带风暴"强度大,因此B项错误；新的技术有助于科学家预测风暴,但不是阻止风暴,因此C项错误；由第二段的叙述可知科学家能够准确预测风暴发生的地点,因此D不正确。‎ K 这篇文章主要讲述崇尚个性，崇尚多样化的美国人爱穿制服的原因，以及制服所带来的利弊。‎ ‎42.B 由文章第一段的内容可知应选B项。‎ ‎43.A 由文章第二段第二句"People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform."可判断A项正确。‎ ‎44.D 文章第二段最后一句意为：对于一名护士、警察、理发师或是一名侍者而言，还有什么更加便利的方法比脱掉制服更能让他们失去职业身份呢?由此可知答案为D。‎ ‎45.C 由第五段第一句话的内容可判断C项正确。‎ ‎46.D 由第二至第六段的开头可知文章的主要内容，从而推断出文章的最佳标题。‎ L 本文主要讲述了交流的重要性。‎ ‎47.C 主旨大意题。第二段第一句为中心句，由此可知答案为C。‎ ‎48.D 推理判断题。由文章第二段第二、三句话的内容可知双方的交流是建立和谐关系的关键。故D项正确。‎ ‎49.D 推理判断题。第六段中列举Sophie的例子是用来支持第五段中作者的观点：子女与父母的交流和相互理解最终使问题得以解决。因此交流又是消除误解的关键。‎ ‎50.C ‎ ‎ 细节理解题。根据文中作者的观点，交流非常重要，哪怕你在繁忙的时候留下一张纸条也好，要让对方知道你的内心感受。C项表述与原文意思显然不符，其他选项表述正确。‎ M ‎2001年冬季一场罕见的沙尘暴袭击了甘肃、内蒙古、北京等地区，并带来了一系列的负面影响。‎ ‎51.B 主旨大意题。B项"新世纪第一天就发生了沙尘暴"符合题意,而A、C、D三项只是文章所涉及的部分内容,并非文章主题。‎ ‎52.A 数据计算题。 假设沙尘距离北京300公里,以每秒20米的速度前进,则每分钟前进20×60=1200(米),每小时前进1200×60=72000(米),即72公里,则300÷72=4.17(小时),即约4.2小时。诗歌典故草木：以草木繁盛反衬荒凉，从而抒发盛衰兴亡的感慨。如"映阶碧草自春色，隔叶黄鹂空好音。"（杜甫《蜀相》）‎ ‎53.D 细节理解题。通读全文可知,文章中并未提到今年冬天发生沙尘暴的原因,所以D项正确。‎ ‎54.D 细节理解题。 由第二段可知,A、B、C三项都是沙尘暴带来的负面影响,而D项既在文中没有依据，也不符合题目要求。‎ ‎55.C 作者意图推断题。综观全文,作者是在提醒人们要保护环境,这就是作者写本文的目的。‎ N 本文作者认为导致污染的主要原因是人类工业的发展，并呼吁人们对此多加关注和思考。‎ ‎56. C 细节理解题。通读全文尤其是第二段可知答案为C。‎ ‎57. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的"...eager for the benefits of our modern society."可知答案为B。‎ ‎58. A 细节理解题。由第二段第三句可知人类最看重工业。‎ ‎59. D 推理判断题。作者通过这个故事暗示自己对社会未来的担忧。‎ O 本文主要讲述的是美国社会老龄化这一事实以及它对人们的行为、思想等产生的影响。‎ ‎60. C 推理判断题。根据第一、二段的最后一句及第三段可推知答案。‎ ‎61. A 词义猜测题。one是a very different society的同位语，且其后跟了一个定语从句，通过分析句子结构可以得出正确答案。‎ ‎62. B 细节理解题。本文最后一句话给出了提示。 ‎ ‎63. A 推理判断题。作者在文中介绍了人们对年龄与身份不相符这一事实的可接受性，从中也暗含了自己的观点。‎ P 本文是一篇议论文，阐述了幸福的获得这一严肃话题，试图澄清人们在幸福问题上的一些误解。‎ ‎64. A 细节理解题。依据文章第三段的"If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment."（……害怕作出承诺，即不愿承担义务）可知A项正确。‎ ‎65. C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段的内容可知答案为C。‎ ‎66. B 细节理解题。文章最后一句说明我们现在的这种理解就可免除嫉妒。那么反过来说，嫉妒有时产生于我们的理解不当，即misunderstanding。故选项B正确。‎ ‎67. D 推理判断题。依据第一段第一句和文章的最后一句"...all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all."可以看出，要理解真正的幸福是什么就必须把happiness和fun区分开来。故选项D正确。‎ ‎68. A 意图推断题。作者的意图出现在第一段最后一句："But in fact, the opposite is true：more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain."，故选项A符合题意。‎ Q 本文简要地介绍了杰出的科学家爱因斯坦不平凡的一生。‎ ‎69.A 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句的意思"他本可以成为以色列总统，或在卡内基音乐厅演奏小提琴，但他却把时间都用来思考"推测可知,他具有政治和音乐天赋。‎ ‎70.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的"... his shock of white hair and hanging moustache still symbolize genius."可知C项切题。‎ ‎71.D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，在1905年，爱因斯坦发表了五篇科学论文，从根本上改变了人们对空间、时间、光和物质的理解。因此1905年被看做是爱因斯坦的"miracle year"。‎ ‎72.C 细节理解题。由文章第五段的内容可知C项错误。‎ R 本文通过介绍达尔文对待实验的态度说明了这样一个道理：不管事情多么简单，都要认真去思考。‎ ‎73.C 细节理解题。A、D两项文中未提及；B项与文中细节不符;由第三段中的"... he believed all things could be important however simple they seemed to be."可知答案为C。‎ ‎74.A 词义猜测题。由上文可知作者认为这个简单的实验很重要,它解释了目前人们对于物理学的某些理解及很久以前Galileo和Newton的观点。因此这些理解当然是推翻了一些古希腊物理学的观点。由此可推知set aside与throw away同义。‎ ‎75.D 作者意图推断题。短文的最后一段点明最简单的事情都可能动摇科学的根基,意在告诉读者要留意身边的每一件事,哪怕它非常简单。‎ ‎76.B 细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句"Or did he do experiments that were so simple and basic that other people just thought they were foolish?"可知B项切题。‎ S 本文主要介绍了一种新的环保型住宅。 ‎ ‎77.A 词义猜测题。文章第一段第二句首先给出了当今green buildings的具体概念：环保型的houses，factories和offices。第二段第一句指出green buildings意味着减少陆地上"the buildings"的(不良)影响,前后应是对比关系，由此可判断the buildings为普通建筑。‎ ‎78.B 细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句可知答案为B。‎ ‎79.B 句意理解题。根据前面几段对于green buildings优点的介绍，再根据最后一段语句间的逻辑关系可知答案为B。‎ ‎80.C 主旨大意题。文章第一段给green buildings的定位是环保型的，下面又分段介绍了它们在环保、节能等方面的优点，最后一段介绍了其前景。因此可判断C为正确答案。‎ T 本文主要介绍了一位青少年利用黑客程序通过互联网进行高科技犯罪的事件。‎ ‎81.B 主旨大意题。综观全文，可知本文介绍了一位青少年电脑黑客利用自身所掌握的电脑技术通过互联网进行违法活动而被逮捕的事件。其他三项都不符合文章的主题。所以选B。‎ ‎82.B 推理判断题。文章首段提到"Gray had created a simple program that allowed him..."，暗示Gray自编的程序在其作案中起到关键作用，由此可以推断B项正确。‎ ‎83.A 词义猜测题。由文章内容及常识可知答案为A。‎ ‎84.B 推理判断题。由文章最后两段的内容可排除A项；C项不符合文意，故排除；D项毫无根据。由文章第二段Gray所说的话可知答案为B。‎ U 这是迪斯尼动画大片《阿拉丁》里的歌曲A Whole New World。歌曲表现了作者对探索新世界的热爱之情。‎ ‎85. A 语意理解题。take you wonder by wonder意为"为你带来无数的奇迹"。与A项相吻合。‎ ‎86. A 推理判断题。歌词中处处洋溢着喜悦与热爱之情，故可推知A项切题。‎ ‎87. B 主旨判断题。歌曲中出现好几处a whole new world,由此可判断它描述的是一个全新的世界。‎ V 本文主要介绍了长城的落成、外部特征及它的现实意义。‎ ‎88. A 推理判断题。由"Every 100 yards along the Great Wall there was a watchtower where soldiers used to stand to watch for enemies approaching."可推知A项切题。‎ ‎89. D 语意理解题。该句意为：中国长城像一条巨大的石蛇横穿整个国家。结合该句所在段落中的最后两句可知D项切题。‎ ‎90. D 细节理解题。由"If the wall were in our country, it would reach from the state of New York to Nebraska."可知作者是美国人。‎ ‎91. C 意图推断题。细读原文可知，最后一段旨在陈述中国长城的现实意义——它作为世界七大奇迹之一已成为一处名胜，由此可推知作者提及此句旨在吸引人们去长城参观。‎ W 本文主要讲述的是因美国一实验室的若干电脑磁盘丢失而引发的事件。‎ ‎92. A 细节理解题。由文章第一段的内容可知A项正确。‎ ‎93. C 细节理解题。由第五段中的"Together with Los Alamos, these two labs conduct the most part of..."可知C项切题。‎ ‎94. B 词义猜测题。由文章第二段可知实验室里的工作停了，故雇员的工作也"暂停"了。‎ ‎95.D 推理判断题。一个实验室的电脑磁盘丢失，使得很多其他实验室跟着受牵连，由此可以推断此事在美国人中引起了很大的恐慌。‎ X 本文讲述的是一项关于通过改变人们的记忆他们可以避免吃不健康食物的研究。‎ ‎96.C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的内容可知：科学家Loftus通过让志愿者回答一些问题来寻找研究所需要的信息，以便进一步展开研究。故选C。‎ ‎97. B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的"...up to 41% of those given a false memory believed..."可推知答案为B。‎ ‎98. D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的"...believed strawberry ice-cream once made them sick, and many said they’d avoid eating it."可推知答案为D。‎ ‎99. A 细节理解题。文章第二段和第三段都谈及引导人们相信虚假记忆是否等同于说谎、是否道德的问题。故此题选A。‎