2019届一轮复习人教版选修七Unit1Living well 单元学案（28页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修七Unit1Living well 单元学案（28页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修七Unit1Living well 单元学案 单元基础知识过关复习 核心词汇 ‎1．The teacher’s words were a great____________(鼓舞)to him.‎ ‎2．He has a(n)____________(伤残)pension because he lost his legs while he was in the army.‎ ‎3．Please look after my house during my____________(缺席，不在)．‎ ‎4．A few weeks’____________(社区)service can make selfwilled teenagers into cooperative and caring members of society.‎ ‎5．This method of measurement is ____________(适合的)for most island waters and coastal areas.‎ ‎6．We are____________(管理，执行)a survey of consumer attitudes towards organic food.‎ ‎7．As we know，the Internet helps people have easy____________‎ ‎(方法，接近)to all kinds of information.‎ ‎8．用ambition的适当形式填空 ‎(1)You have to let people know you are____________and waiting for bigger and more rewarding challenges.‎ ‎(2)His ____________was to meet his favourite pop star face to face.‎ ‎9．用benefit的适当形式填空 ‎(1)The improvement in sales figures had a____________effect on the company as a whole.‎ ‎(2)The discovery of oil brought many ____________to the town.‎ ‎(3)They are working together to ____________the whole community.‎ ‎10．用annoy的适当形式填空 ‎(1)It really____________me when people expect me to tip as well as pay a service charge in a restaurant.‎ ‎(2)My parents were rather____________that I hadn’t told them about the accident.‎ ‎1.encouragement　2.disability　3.absence　4.community 5.suitable　 6.conducting　‎ ‎7.Access 8.(1)ambitious (2)ambition　9.(1)beneficial　(2)benefits　(3)benefit　10.(1)annoys　 (2)annoyed 高频短语 ‎1．________________ 换句话说 ‎2．________________ 适合 ‎3．________________ 切去；省略；停止(做某事)‎ ‎4．________________ 上气不接下气 ‎5．________________ 总而言之 ‎6．________________ 闲坐着 ‎7．________________ 和；也 ‎8．________________ 在很多方面 ‎9．________________ 取笑 ‎10．________________ 不必担心 ‎11．________________ (口语)(祝你)一切顺利 ‎12．________________ 遇到；经历；会晤 ‎1.in other words　2.adapt to　3.cut out　4.out of breath,5.all in all　6.sit around　7.as well as　8.in many ways,9.make fun of 　10.never mind　11.all the best　12.meet with 重点句式 ‎1．Unfortunately，the doctors don’t know ____________，but I am very outgoing and have learned to____________my disability.‎ 不幸的是，大夫们不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，学会了适应身体的残疾。‎ ‎2．____________，I have a good life.I am happy to have found many things ____________，like writing and computer programming.‎ 总而言之，我生活得挺好。我很高兴地发现我能做许多事情，比如写作和计算机编程。‎ 重点句式 ‎3．I have a very busy life____________for myself.‎ 我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。‎ ‎4．____________going to the movies and football matches with my friends，I spend a lot of time with my pets.‎ 我会同我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛，此外，我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。‎ ‎5．Just accept them for who they are，and give them encouragement to ‎ live ____________rich and full a life____________you do.‎ 接受他们，给予他们鼓励，让他们能像你一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。‎ ‎6．Disabled people should have____________opportunities______________ablebodied people to enjoy the cinema and to do so with dignity.‎ 残疾人应当与健全人一样有同样的机会欣赏电影，同时能保持自己的尊严。‎ ‎1.how to make me better；adapt to　2.All in all；I can do,3.with no time to sit around feeling sorry　4.As well as ,5.as；as　6.the same；as 知识详解 ‎1 .beneficial 　adj.　有益的；受益的 ‎(回归课本P1)Glance at the title and picture，then discuss with a partner what kind of thing you think people would write about and why disabled people find the website beneficial.‎ 浏览标题和图片，然后和你的伙伴讨论你认为人们会写什么样的内容以及为什么残疾人觉得这家网站对他们有益。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎①This is an agreement that will be beneficial to both parties.‎ 这是一个对双方都有利的协议。‎ ‎②A good diet is beneficial to health.‎ 良好的饮食有益于健康。‎ ‎③I have typed out some lecture notes for the benefit of those who were absent last week.‎ 我帮上星期缺席的人打印了些上课的要点。‎ ‎1． The new policy will________the elders a lot that people over 65 can take buses free of charge.‎ A．discount　　　　　　　　　B．support C．approve D．benefit 解析：选D。句意：这项新政策将使老年人受益很多，超过65岁的老年人可以免费乘坐公交车。discount 打折；support 支持；approve 赞成；benefit 使……受益。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎2 .adapt　 vt.　使适应；改编 Unfortunately，the doctors don’t know how to make me better，but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability.‎ 不幸的是，大夫们不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，学会了适应身体的残疾。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎①It took him a while to adapt himself to his new surroundings.‎ 他过了好一阵子才适应了新环境。 ‎ ‎②Three of her novels have been adapted for television.‎ 她的长篇小说中有三部已改编成电视节目。‎ ‎③We have had to adapt quickly to the new system.‎ 我们不得不迅速适应新制度。 ‎ ‎④After graduation from college，I gradually adapted/adjusted myself to living on my own.‎ 大学毕业后，我逐渐适应了独自生活。‎ ‎2．The good thing about children is that they________very easily to new environments.‎ A．adapt　　　　　　　　　B．appeal C．attach D．apply 解析：选A。句意：孩子们的一个很好的优势是他们很容易适应新的环境。adapt to 适应；appeal to 呼吁 ；attach to 附属于；apply to 向……申请。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎3 .absence　n．　缺席；不在某处 Every time I returned after an absence ，I felt stupid because I was behind the others.‎ 每次请过假之后，我觉得自己笨了许多，因为比别人又落后了一些。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎①The decision was made in my absence/while I was not there.‎ 这个决定是我不在的时候作出的。‎ ‎②We did not receive any news during his long absence. ‎ 我们在他长期离开的时候没有得到一点消息。‎ ‎③Tom was absent from school because he was ill.‎ 汤姆因病没去上学。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎3．完成句子 ‎(1)然而，在缺乏母语环境的情况下学习作为外语的英语相当困难。‎ However，learning English as a foreign language is very difficult ________ ________ ________ ________a native language environment.‎ 答案：in the absence of ‎ ‎(2)The reason why he ________ ________ ________(缺席)his best friend’s birthday party was that he had to look after his sick mother.‎ 答案：was absent from ‎4 .congratulate　 vt.　祝贺，庆贺 Listen to the latter part of Barry’s story where Joan congratulates Barry and wishes him future success，then complete the sentences.‎ 听Barry 故事的后半部分，在此部分Joan祝贺Barry的将来能成功，然后完成句子。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎①I’d like to congratulate you on your wonderful performance.‎ 祝贺你表演如此出色。‎ ‎②You can congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job.‎ 你应该为你出色的工作感到自豪。‎ ‎③Congratulations on your happy marriage!‎ 祝贺你喜结良缘！‎ ‎④I want to express my sincere congratulations on your success.‎ 我想对你的成功表示诚挚的祝贺。‎ ‎[易混辨析]‎ celebrate，congratulate 两者的中文意思很接近，但在英语中却有所不同。‎ ‎(1)celebrate意思是举行仪式、典礼的“庆祝”，只能用事(节日、胜利、成功等)作宾语，构成celebrate sth.。‎ ‎(2)congratulate意思是“祝贺、道贺”，只能用人作宾语，若要表明所祝贺的事情，后面要用on (upon)连接，构成congratulate sb.on (upon) sth.。‎ ‎①We had a party to celebrate parents’ silver wedding.‎ ‎②We congratulated her on winning the contest.‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎4．The two sportsmen congratulated each other________winning the match by shaking hands.‎ A．with　　　　　　 B．on C．in D．to 解析：选B。congratulate sb.on sth.“就某事向某人祝贺”。‎ ‎5．—I’m entering for 800meter race.‎ ‎—________！‎ A．Congratulations B．Enjoy yourself C．Good luck D．No way 解析：选A。本题考查了congratulation的用法。句意：——我进入八百米决赛了。——祝贺你。当别人取得成功或做了一些好的事情时，向对方表示祝贺，用congratulations，故选A。‎ ‎6．—Mike，our team will play against the Rockets this weekend.I’m sure we will win.‎ ‎—________！‎ A．Congratulations B．Cheer up C．Best wishes D．Good luck 解析：选D。考查习惯用语。从对方的谈话中可知将要在周末进行比赛，因此应祝对方好运，用“Good luck！”。Congratulations用于向对方表示祝贺；Cheer up“振奋点”，用于鼓励，安慰对方；Best wishes用于祝愿对方。‎ ‎5 .access　n．　(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性 I am sure many people will praise your cinema if you design it with good access for disabled people.‎ 我确信许多人会表扬你的电影院，如果你把它设计得非常适合残疾人使用的话。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎①Across the world,1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water.‎ 全世界有11亿人无法获取干净的饮用水。‎ ‎②You need a password to get access to the computer system.‎ 使用这个计算机系统需要口令。‎ ‎③Students must have access to good resources.‎ 学生必须有机会使用好的资源。‎ ‎④The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world，and it’s accessible through a computer.‎ 互联网是世界上最大的信息资源库，只要通过一台电脑就可以访问。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎7． The system has been designed to give students quick and easy________to the digital resources of the library.‎ A．access　　　　　　　　　　B．passage C．way D．approach 解析：选A。句意：设计这个系统的目的是让学生迅速、方便地使用图书馆的数字资源。access to固定短语，意为“有权使用，有机会接近”。‎ ‎8．Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be________to the kids.‎ A．accessible B．relative C．acceptable D．sensitive 解析：选A。句意：弗兰克把药放到最上面的抽屉里，确保它不被孩子们够到。accessible“易接近的”；relative“相对的，比较的”；acceptable“合意的，受欢迎的，可接受的”；sensitive“敏感的”。根据句意应该选A。‎ ‎6 .in other words　换句话说 In other words，there are not many people like me.‎ 换句话说，像我这样的人并不多见。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎①They asked him to leave—in other words he was fired.‎ 他们请他走人，换句话说，他被开除了。‎ ‎②I soon found that the work I was doing had been done by other people—in other words，I was wasting my time.‎ 我很快发现我在重复别人已做过的事情，换句话说，我是在浪费时间。‎ ‎③In a word，we must try our best to do the work.‎ 总之，我们必须尽最大努力做这项工作。‎ ‎④He has broken his word so many times that I cannot trust him any more.‎ 他经常食言，我再也不能相信他了。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎9．Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required ‎ standard—________，you failed.‎ A．in the end　　　　　　　B．after all C．in other words D．at the same time 解析：选C。本题考查介词短语的用法。由语境可知，选项之后是对前面所说内容的解释，故选in other words。in the end “最后”；after all “毕竟、终究”；at the same time“同时”。‎ ‎10．She is organized，friendly to people，hardworking and clever.________，I can’t speak too highly of her.‎ A．In other words B．In a word C．As a result D．In addition 解析：选B。句意：她有组织能力，对人友好，勤奋又聪明。总之，我怎样高度评价她都不过分。in other words“换句话说”；in a word“总之”；as a result“结果”；in addition“除此之外”。‎ ‎7 .out of breath　上气不接下气 So sometimes some children in my primary school would laugh，when I got out of breath after running a short way or had to stop and rest halfway up the stairs.‎ 当我跑了很短的一段路之后，我就会喘不过气来，或者爬楼梯才爬到一半就得停下来休息。因此上小学时有的孩子见了我这种情况就会笑话我。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎①Eric came running into the room，out of breath and red in the face.‎ 埃里克上气不接下气地跑进屋，满脸通红。‎ ‎②If you run very fast，you may lose your breath.‎ 如果跑得太快你可能喘不过气来。‎ ‎③The children are completely out of control since their father left.‎ 这些孩子自他们的父亲离开后就无法无天了。‎ ‎④I’m sorry，but this phone is out of order.‎ 很抱歉，这部电话机出故障了。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎11．Having lived in the town for quite a few years，Mr.Johnson no longer felt ________ among the local people.‎ A．out of order　　　 B．out of place C．out of control D．out of the question 解析：选B。考查短语辨析。out of place(作表语)不适宜，不得体；out of order发生故障，失调；out of control失去控制；out of the question不可能。‎ ‎12．We ran all the way to the cinema，arriving there quite out of________.‎ A．mind B．breath C．sight D．reach 解析：选B。句意：我们一路跑到电影院，到达那里时已经上气不接下气(out of breath)了。‎ ‎8 .cut out 　切去；省略；停止(做某事)‎ I think I had at least a billion tests，including one in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope.‎ 我想我做过无数次检查了，包括有一次检查，他们从我的腿部切下一小块儿肌肉，放在显微镜下观察。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ cut into插进来；参加(谈话)；打断(别人的话)‎ cut off 切断；隔断；断绝 cut in 插入；插话；插队；超车 cut down砍倒；削减；压缩；缩减 cut up切碎；割碎；剪碎 ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎①I cut this article out of the newspaper.‎ 我从报纸上剪下了这篇文章。‎ ‎②My doctor says I must cut out smoking and strong drinks.‎ 我的医生说我必须戒烟和戒烈酒。‎ ‎③I’d feel very cut off if I didn’t know what was happening in the world.‎ 如果我不知道世界上发生了什么，我会感到与世隔绝。‎ ‎④It seems that they might have used sharpened stone tools to cut up the animals and remove their skin.‎ 看样子他们可能曾用磨尖的石器来切割野兽并剥皮。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎13．用cut in；cut down；cut off填空：‎ ‎(1)I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson ________ ________.‎ 答案：cut in ‎(2)Deserts are also created because people ________ ________ trees and dig up grass.‎ 答案：cut down ‎(3)Then he ________ ________ the leather top of the shoe as if it were the finest steak.‎ 答案：cuts off 句型梳理 ‎1【教材原句】　As_well_as going to the movies and football matches with my friends，I spend a lot of time with my pets. (P2)‎ 除了同我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛外，我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。‎ ‎【句法分析】　(1)as well as 除……之外；和；也，连接两个并列成分。‎ ‎(2)as well as 还可以用作连词，表示“和……一样好”；另外连接两个主语时，谓语动词和最前面的主语保持一致。‎ ‎①As well as writing stories，I love reading and listening to music.‎ 除了喜欢写小说，我还喜欢阅读和听音乐。‎ ‎②They sell books as well as newspapers.‎ 他们既卖报也卖书。‎ ‎③I wish I could speak English as well as he can.‎ 我希望自己英语讲得跟他一样好。‎ ‎④The teacher as well as his students is going to plant trees tomorrow.‎ 和学生一样，这位老师明天也去植树。‎ ‎【温馨提示】　as well 单独使用于句尾表示“也”“既……，又……”，但是不能用于否定句。‎ ‎⑤(四川高考)Of course，I’ll do some reading for fun，and for knowledge as well.‎ 当然，我会读些书，为了消遣，也为了获取知识。‎ ‎14．Mr.Smith ________ ________ ________two of his students ________ ________ ________ ________(正在做实验)with care.‎ 答案：as well as；is doing the experiment ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎2【教材原句】　Until I was ten years old I was the_same_as everyone else.(P2)‎ 我和别人都是一样的直到十岁的时候。‎ ‎【句法分析】　the same as表示“相似或同一类的人和事”。‎ ‎①Many of the sports were the same as they are now.‎ 过去的很多体育项目和现在的一样。‎ ‎②This is the same book as Mr.Wang lost.‎ 这本书跟王先生丢失的那本一模一样。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ the same...that表示“同一个人或同一件事”。‎ ‎③That is the same bike that I lost.‎ 那辆就是我丢失的自行车。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎15．The book that you bought yesterday is________interesting________the one you lost last month.‎ A．as；as　　　　　　　　　B．so；that C．the same；as D．such；that 解析：选A。“as＋形容词＋as...”意为“像……一样……”。句意：你昨天买的那本书和你上个月丢了的那本书一样有趣。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[单元语基落实]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．As an old saying goes，“Happiness is not the absence (absent) of problems, but the ability to deal with them.”‎ ‎2．I get annoyed (annoy) when someone talks to me while I’m reading.‎ ‎3．Congratulations (congratulate) to you on your qualification for this World Cup Football Championships!‎ ‎4．With graduation (graduate) coming around the corner, I am writing to express my gratitude.‎ ‎5．All the rooms in this building are so well designed that they are accessible (access) to the disabled.‎ ‎6．In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the ‎ film adapted from it.‎ ‎7．In my view, high school students should have a balanced diet and eat more fruit and vegetables instead of junk food, which can be beneficial (benefit) to their health.‎ ‎8．My brother’s plans are very ambitious (ambition); he wants to master English, French and Spanish before he is sixteen.‎ ‎9．What you have acted shows the position is not suitable (suit) for someone like you. That is to say, you have lost the chance.‎ ‎10．The survey conducted (conduct) by the company shows there is a large increase in customer satisfaction this year.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Our school provides all the senior students with easy access to borrow books from the school library.borrow→borrowing ‎2．To some degree, only those people who are ambition can have their own careers. ambition→ambitious ‎3．We offer our congratulation to you on your passing the College Entrance Examination. congratulation→congratulations ‎4．Having settled in that remote area for a year, the young man finally adapted at the weather.at→to ‎5．Not only will help be given to disabled to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for those who need it.disabled前加the ‎6．I firm believe that communication and smiles act as bridges to friendship.firm→firmly ‎7．Recently a survey has conducted to find out how many hours of sleep the Senior 3 students get.has后加been ‎8．The schoolyard is small but adequate to 100 children playing ‎ at the same time.to→for Ⅲ.选词填空 in other words， out of breath， adapt to， cut out， all in all， as well as， in many ways， make fun of， never mind， meet with ‎1．—I’m sorry for keeping you waiting.‎ ‎—Never_mind. I have been here only a few minutes.‎ ‎2．He is the last to come. In_other_words,_he is the latest.‎ ‎3．Jim likes being praised by others, but dislikes being made_fun_of.‎ ‎4．Scientists think life on Mars will be better than that on Earth in_many_ways.‎ ‎5．Most students have a little difficulty in adapting_to the social life after graduating from university.‎ ‎6．When the children climbed up to the top of the mountain, they were all out_of_breath.‎ ‎7．The editor cut_out the last part of the news report to make it less controversial.‎ ‎8．Not until he met_with the difficulty did he realize the importance of group work.‎ ‎9．All_in_all,_traveling is the best choice to recharge ourselves and get ready for the new challenges.‎ ‎10．It is a great honor as_well_as a pleasure for me to be praised by the teacher publicly before my classmates.‎ Ⅳ.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子 ‎1．为何你不让他注意到你病得太厉害而不能继续工作呢？ (too ... to ...)‎ Why don’t you bring it to his attention that you ‎ are_too_ill_to_go_on_working?‎ ‎2．我们想知道你是否方便在5月31日把货物发给我们公司总部。(convenient)‎ We wonder if it_is_convenient_for_you_to_deliver_the_goods_to the headquarters of our company on May 31st.‎ ‎3．全国到处都在唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢迎的歌曲。(现在分词作状语)‎ The song is sung all over the country, making_it_the_most_popular_song.‎ ‎4．当她的房子着火的时候这位老妇人不知道做什么。(疑问词＋to do)‎ The old lady didn’t know what_to_do when the house caught fire.‎ ‎5．我们认为对我们来说学好一门外语是很重要的。(不定式作真正的宾语)‎ We_think_it_quite_important_for_us_to_learn_a_foreign_language_well.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 单元综合知识运用检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 话题 词数 建议用时 让自己的人生活得有价值 ‎329‎ ‎8分钟 ‎(2018·成都第二次诊断)There are moments in life when you miss someone so much that you just want to pick them from your dreams and hug them for real! Dream what you want to dream; go where you want to go; be what you want to be, because you have only one life and one chance to do all the things you want to do.‎ May you have enough happiness to make you sweet, enough difficulties to make you strong, enough sorrow to keep you human, enough hope to make you happy.‎ Always put yourself in others' shoes. If you feel that it hurts you, it probably hurts the other person, too.‎ The happiest people don't necessarily have the best of everything; they just make the most of everything that comes along their way. Happiness lies for those who cry, those who hurt, those who have searched, and those who have tried, for they can appreciate the importance of people who have touched their lives.‎ Love begins with a smile, grows with a kiss and ends with a tear. The brightest future will always be based on a forgotten past, and you can't go on well in life until you let go of your past failures and heartaches.‎ When you were born, you were crying and everyone around you was smiling. Live your life so that when you die, you're the one who is smiling and everyone around you is crying.‎ Please send this message to those people who mean something to you, to those who have touched your life in one way or another, to those who make you smile when you really need it, to those who make you see ‎ the brighter side of things when you are really down, to those who you want to let know that you appreciate their friendship. And if you don't, don't worry, nothing bad will happen to you. You will just miss out on the opportunity to brighten someone's day with this message.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。旨在告诉人们要做自己想做的事情，充分享受人生中每一刻快乐的时光，使自己的人生活得有价值。‎ ‎1．The tone used in the passage is________.‎ A．discouraging　　　　　　　 　B．negative C．positive D．critical 解析：选C　观点态度题。根据第一段第一句“There are moments ... hug them for real！”以及下文可知，作者通篇都是以一种积极向上的口吻来论述本文的。故答案选C。‎ ‎2．Which statement does the writer probably agree with?‎ A．If you want to cry, cry.‎ B．Smile in face of death.‎ C．The best or nothing.‎ D．Nothing is impossible.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“Dream what you want to dream; go where you want to go; be what you want to be”可知，作者认为人应该去做自己想做的事情。A项意为“如果你想哭，你就哭”，符合作者的观点。故答案选A。‎ ‎3．After reading this passage, a reader is most likely to ________.‎ A．smile and then ignore it B．think about life's hardship C．exchange shoes with a friend D．share it with some of his friends 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Please send this message to those people who mean something to you”可推知，读完这篇文章之后，读者最有可能与自己的一些朋友分享本文。故答案选D。‎ ‎4．According to the passage, we can make ourselves strong________.‎ A．by dreaming what we want to dream B．after times of attempts and failures C．so long as we are full of hopes D．if we try to make more friends 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“May you have ... enough difficulties to make you strong”可推知，经历过多次的困难，即尝试和失败之后，我们会变得更坚强。故答案选B。‎ B 话题 词数 建议用时 冬季户外跑步 ‎246‎ ‎6分钟 ‎(2018·河北石家庄市高三质检) It's cold and dark outside, and your bed is so warm and comfortable. Going for a run seems like such a bad idea. But before you hide your running shoes, it might be worth giving that crazy idea a go.‎ According to The Huffington Post, an outdoor run in winter, as opposed to one on a treadmill (跑步机), burns more calories because the body is working hard to regulate (调节) its core temperature. Furthermore, research shows that race times are faster in cold weather than in warmer temperatures — and quicker runs burn more calories. Similarly, cold weather also makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body, making that vital muscle even stronger.‎ Outdoor exercise also turns up your energy and rids you of the stress and depression that build up every day. The heat and humidity in summer can drag you down and tire you faster, but cold weather is refreshing. It adjusts you to your surroundings, making you feel alive.‎ Of course, the threat of smog in some builtup areas is a further hurdle (难关) to winter exercise. Heart attacks, strokes, lung cancer and asthma are all dangers of running in smog. The combination of air pollution and exercise increases the potential problems. If you do choose to run outside on smoggy days, take a path in a park or residential area to avoid car exhaust (废气), and go early in the morning, before rush hour. But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了冬季户外跑步的意义和方法。冬季户外跑步能燃烧更多的热量，让肌肉更强健，心脏更健康，但是应当避免在雾霾时进行户外活动。‎ ‎5．How does cold weather benefit runners, compared with warm weather?‎ A．They can run more slowly.‎ B．They can take in more calories.‎ C．Their hearts can function harder.‎ D．Their body temperature can get lower.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“cold weather also makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body, making that vital muscle even stronger”可知，与温暖的天气相比，在寒冷的天气里户外跑步能使心脏更健康，故C项正确。‎ ‎6．How does summer affect runners?‎ A．It builds up their energy quickly.‎ B．It makes runners tired easily.‎ C．It lessens runners' stress.‎ D．It causes heart attacks.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“The heat and humidity in summer can drag you down and tire you faster”可知，夏季的炎热和湿气容易让跑步的人很快就感到疲劳，故B项正确。‎ ‎7．What are the runners supposed to do on smoggy days?‎ A．Stop driving cars.‎ B．Do more exercise.‎ C．Avoid outdoor exercise.‎ D．Run late in the morning.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.”可知，如果有雾霾，最好待在室内，等到天气晴朗时再跑步，故C项正确。‎ ‎8．What can be the best title of the text?‎ A．Refresh with a Winter Run B．Take Outdoor Exercise in Summer C．Go to Run in a Park D．Follow the Tips to Reduce Stress 解析：选A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了冬季早晨户外跑步的意义和方法。冬季跑步能燃烧更多的热量，让肌肉更强健，心脏更健康，但是应当避免在雾霾天气进行户外活动。据此可以判断，A项最能概括文意，故A作本文标题最佳。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 When winter comes, it is very cold and people are thinking of ways ‎ to stay warm and safe. In fact, here is a simple way to remember four basic steps to stay warm. Think of COLD.‎ The letter C stands for cover. __1__ Wear a hat and a coat to keep heat from escaping through the head, neck and ears. And wear good gloves to keep your hands warm. Fingers can be easily hurt in the freezing weather.‎ The O stands for overexertion (用力过度). Avoid activities that will make you sweaty. Wet clothes and cold weather are a dangerous combination. __2__ But after the game, you should put on your clothes or change your wet clothes as soon as possible or you may catch a cold. ‎ L is for layers (层). Wearing loose, light clothes, one layer on top of another, is better than wearing a single heavy layer of clothing. Make sure outerwear is made of material that is waterfree and tightly knitted (织). __3__‎ D is for dry. In other words, stay as dry as possible. __4__ These places include the tops of boots and the necks of coats.‎ And here are two other things to keep in mind — one for children and the other for adults. __5__ Drinking alcohol might make a person feel warm, but what it really does is weaken the body's ability to hold heat.‎ A．This material can make your outwear warmer.‎ B．The person may suffer a lot if he can't receive help.‎ C．When you play the game, you don't wear many clothes.‎ D．It mainly happens on your hands, feet, nose and ears.‎ E．It means you should cover your body in the cold weather.‎ F．Pay attention to the places where snow can enter clothing.‎ G．Playing with snow might be fun but it lowers the body ‎ temperature.‎ ‎1．选E　根据上文“The letter C stands for cover.”可知，E项“这就意味着在寒冷的天气里要把自己包裹起来”与上文衔接紧密，符合逻辑，故选E。‎ ‎2．选C　根据下文“But after the game, you should put on your clothes ...”可知，C项“当你们做运动的时候，你们不会穿很多衣服”衔接下文，符合逻辑，故选C。‎ ‎3．选A　根据上文“Make sure outerwear is made of material that is waterfree and tightly knitted(织)．”可知，A项“这种材料可以让你的外套更暖和”衔接上文，符合逻辑，故选A。‎ ‎4．选F　根据下文“These places include the tops of boots and the necks of coats.”可知，F项中的“the places”与“These places”相呼应，故选F。‎ ‎5．选G　根据上文“And here are two other things to keep in mind — one for children and the other for adults.”可知，G项“玩雪很有趣但是它会降低人的体温”是给孩子的忠告，空格后一句是给大人的建议，符合逻辑，故选G。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎(2018·山东枣庄一模)It was my grandfather's eighty birthday yesterday. As usual, all my family got together to celebrate him. We bought him a lot of present, and my father prepared a big birthday cake. At the dinner party, we sing the Happy Birthday song. He made a wish happy before he blew the candles out. With a surprise gift, I cooked a dish for him! As I had never cooked before, he was so surprised that the dish was served. My grandfather said that it was the better birthday gift he had received. Actually, my mother helped me cooked it and I had been ‎ practiced for several days.‎ 答案：第一句：eighty→eightieth 第二句：去掉him或him→it 第三句：present→presents 第四句：sing→sang 第五句：happy→happily 第六句：With→As 第七句：that→when 第八句：better→best 第九句：cooked→cook; 去掉been