山东省济宁市曲阜市第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

山东省济宁市曲阜市第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

山东省济宁市曲阜市第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A The Best Ice Rinks (溜冰场) in Europe Zero Degrees, London, the UK The Maritime Museum in Greenwich has opened an ice rink this year for the first time. It’s outside the Queen’s House (where Elizabeth II was born) and has a great view of the River Thames, creating a wonderful skating experience. It’s a little cheaper than competing museum ice rinks, and less busy, too. There is no need to book tickets online. You can simply turn up and buy tickets there. Next to the outdoor ice rink there is an indoor bar for those who simply wish to watch, and it’s open until late. ‎ ‎●Ticket prices: adult from ￡13.50, child from ￡6.75‎ Skating Heroes, Hungary Budapest’s City Park ice rink opens daily from November to February: it’s one of the largest and oldest open-air rinks in Europe and it is beautiful. It is easily reached by train or subway. A cafe serve hot chocolate, wine and traditional chimney cakes. If you are fortunate, you may see some of Budapest’s older residents ballroom dancing on the ice. ‎ ‎●Ticket prices: adult from ￡3.50, child free ‎ Bite-Size, Poland Among the old townhouses and shops of Warsaw’s Old Market Place is a unique Polish rink — shaped like a bagel (面包圈). Skaters glide around a statue of the mermaid（美人鱼） who stands for the city. Once you’ve burned all those calories on the ice, you’ll be pleased to see the square is packed with Warsaw’s best cooks, serving street food until late. ‎ ‎●Ticket prices: from ￡2‎ Spikersuppa, Norway ‎ It is a great skating rink in downtown Oslo. For the best skating, you should go there late in the evening, as the kids all head home — it’s lit until 9 pm, the music will play and the hot chocolate will flow. It’s free if you bring your own skates, or you can spend ￡13 renting a pair. ‎ ‎1. What can we learn about Zero Degrees from the passage?‎ A. It doesn’t allow children to skate late. ‎ B. It is a new ice rink situated in London.‎ C. It is the cheapest ice rink in Europe. ‎ D. It is crowded and you need to book tickets in advance. ‎ ‎2. What can skaters do at the Skating Heroes ice rink?‎ A. See ballroom dancing by some local people.‎ B. See a statue of a beautiful mermaid. ‎ C. Skate on the largest ice rink in the world. ‎ D. Taste street food by the best Hungarian cooks. ‎ ‎3. If you go to Spikersuppa, _____________.‎ A. you should go there before it is dark ‎ B. you must pay at least ￡2 to enter it ‎ C. you can skate for free if you take your own skates D. you can only go there by train or subway B This is a story of a penguin that swims 5,000 miles to a beach in Brazil every year in order to visit the man who saved his life. It sounds like something out of a fairytale (童话故事), but it’s true!‎ Joao Pereira de Souza is a 71-year-old retired worker and part-time fisherman. He lives in an island village just outside Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. He found the small penguin lying on rocks at his local beach in 2015.‎ The penguin was starving and covered in oil. Joao rescued the penguin, naming him Din Din, cleaned the oil off his feathers and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild his strength.‎ When Din Din recovered, Mr.. de Souza set him free into the sea, never expecting to see his new friend again.‎ The little guy wasn’t gone long though, and just a few months later, he was back at the same beach. He spotted Joao fishing and followed him home, staying with him for the rest of the year.‎ Amazingly, this cycle has continued over the past five years. Each year Din Din spends about eight months with Joao and is believed to spend the rest of the time breeding on the Patagonia coasts of Argentina and Chile.‎ ‎“I love the penguin like he’s my own child and I believe the penguin loves me,” Joao told Globo TV. “No one else is allowed to touch him. He attacks them if they do. He lies on my lap, lets me give him showers, allows me to feed him fish and to pick him up.”‎ Professor Krajewski, a biologist who interviewed the fisherman for Globo TV, said: “I have never seen anything like this before. I think the penguin believes Joao is part of his family and probably a penguin as well.”‎ ‎4. What was Din Din like when Joao found him?‎ A. He was hungry and weak.‎ B. He was trapped in oil and couldn’t breathe.‎ C. He couldn’t find his way back home.‎ D. He was dying on the coast.‎ ‎5. What happened a few months after Joao saved Din Din?‎ A. Din Din returned and spent the rest of his life with Joao.‎ B. Din Din guided Joao to the place where he bred.‎ C. Din Din helped Joao with fishing at the beach. ‎ D. Din Din returned and spent about eight months a year with Joao.‎ ‎6. How does Joao describe the relationship between himself and Din Din?‎ A. Partners.‎ B. Fisherman and prey.‎ C. Father and child.‎ D. Animal and keeper.‎ ‎7. Why does Din Din spend so much time with Joao, according to Professor Krajewski?‎ A. Because he considers Joao as his family.‎ B. Because Joao helped him to live in the sea.‎ C. Because Joao can provide him with food and shelter.‎ D. Because Joao can help him raise his babies.‎ C The world’s oldest sweet shop has been put up for sale in North Yorkshire after its owner wanted to be elected the county’s next police commissioner (局长).‎ The Patley Bridge store was founded in 1827 and simply called The Oldest Sweet Shop in the World. It has been run by one-time police officer Keith Tordoff for more than 20 years. But now the former officer is set to leave behind his old-fashioned sweet jars. And, if police are quite different from sweets, the 63-year-old officer is convinced that he can be equally effective leading the emergency services.‎ ‎“I’ve a proven track record (可靠的工作业绩) in succeeding and completing at the things I set out to do,” he told The Independent. “I know first-hand about policing and first-hand about managing successful organisations, which are the exact qualities needed.”‎ ‎“It’s not been an easy decision to make,” said Mr. Tordoff. “Running this shop has been a joy. My parents brought me here for sweets when I was a boy, so getting the chance to buy it and then run it with my wife and our son was a dream that had come true.”‎ ‎“People are fascinated by it. And why wouldn’t they be? We all love sweets, don’t we? I give talks about sweets in my spare time. I’m always asked what our most popular kind is. And the answer? Rhubarb and custard,” he says. “You see, you think they’re old-fashioned, but what happens is that grandparents come in, buy their grandchildren what they used to have themselves, and then the kids fall in love with them, too.” It’s the same with chocolate mice and pear drops, too, apparently.‎ He hopes to sell the shop — which was recognized in 2014 by Guinness World Records — for ￡399,000.‎ ‎8. What does Keith Tordoff plan to do?‎ A. Sell the sweets in his shop at a discount. ‎ B. Make his sweet shop the longest running one. ‎ C. Change his career and run for police chief.‎ D. Close his sweet shop and donate the sweets to charity. ‎ ‎9. What is Keith Tordoff’s feeling about the thing he plans to do?‎ A. He considers himself to be well qualified for the new job.‎ B. He is terrified that his shop will be closed.‎ C. He thinks it is very easy to leave the things he is doing now behind. ‎ D. He believes he will make a fortune by selling his shop. ‎ ‎10. What do we know about the Patley Bridge shop from the passage?‎ A. It sells sweets that are very fashionable. ‎ B. It has a very long history.‎ C. Its present owner doesn’t like it much. ‎ D. It stands in the way of its owner. ‎ ‎11. What do children think of the sweets sold in Patley Bridge?‎ A. They are only attracted by their colors. ‎ B. They like the sweets just like their grandparents.‎ C. They refuse to have a taste of them. ‎ D. They think there are very few kinds of sweets.‎ D Nine years ago, when the closest and largest full moon fell on March 19, 2011, many people used the term, “supermoon”, which we had never heard before. In 2012, we heard this term again to describe the year’s closest full moon on May 6, 2012. Supermoons also appeared in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017 and 2019.‎ What does “supermoon” mean exactly? And how special was the March 19, 2011 supermoon?‎ The word “supermoon” didn’t come from astronomy. Instead, it came from astrology (占星学). In 1979, astrologer Richard Nolle defined it as a new or full moon which occurs at or near its closest point to the earth in its orbit. In short, the earth, moon and sun are all in a line, with the moon at its nearest point to the earth.‎ And the full moon of March 19, 2011 was the largest moon of that year. This “supermoon” was at perigee (近地点) — its closest point to the earth in its orbit. It was bigger and brighter than other full moons of 2011. Astronomers call this sort of close full moon a perigee full moon. ‎ That doesn’t sound very special, does it? In fact, the March 2011 full moon lined up much more closely with perigee than Nolle’s original definition. But were you able to notice with your eyes alone that this full moon was bigger or brighter than usual? Astronomers said no. But it was fun to stand outside under this full moon and know that the moon was closer than ever.‎ In 2019, there were three supermoons. The first supermoon of 2019 was the Super Blood Wolf Moon on January 21, which occurred with a total lunar eclipse (月全食) at the same time, also known as a “blood moon”. The second supermoon of 2019 was on February 19, also called the Snow Moon, which was the closest full moon of the year. The third and final supermoon of 2019, known by Native Americans as the Worm Moon, occurred on March 21. It fell on the day of the vernal equinox (春分), which signals the end of winter and the beginning of spring.‎ ‎12. What type of moon is a “supermoon”?‎ A. A full moon.‎ B. A new moon.‎ C. A full moon at perigee.‎ D. Any full moon in 2011.‎ ‎13. What do we know about the supermoon of March 2011?‎ A. It was the first full moon in 2011. ‎ B. It was in the closest orbit to the sun.‎ C. It was brighter than any other full moon in 2011.‎ D. It was at its furthest point from the earth.‎ ‎14. What can we learn from the underlined sentences in the fifth paragraph about a supermoon and an ordinary full moon?‎ A. They can appear in the sky at the same time.‎ B. Only astronomers can see them. ‎ C. The supermoon is as large as an ordinary full moon.‎ D. People can’t tell the difference between them with the naked eye.‎ ‎15. The third supermoon of 2019 __________.‎ A. was called the Super Blood Wolf Moon B. was the closest full moon of the year C. was found by Native Americans first D. occurred on the day of the vernal equinox 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Father Christmas might be used to making miracles each and every year, but he may fail to make dreams come true for some of Britain’s children in recent years. 16 ‎ According to a survey of children’s wish lists, the tenth most asked for present was for a dad, while the first was for a baby brother or sister.‎ The survey showed that children aged 3 to 12 were hoping for expensive presents including a car, at number four, and a house, at number seven. 17 The gifts included chocolates at number six and a stick of rock candy at number nine. A total of 17 out of the top 50 requests were for unusual pets, including elephants and donkeys. 18 iPhones and iPads both appeared in the top 50 most desired Christmas gifts.‎ ‎ 19 That is because “Dad” came in at number 10, while “Mum” only made it in as the 23rd most requested present on their little ones’ lists.‎ ‎ 20 One child asked for the actress, Eva Longoria. And another child wished Taylor Swift would come knocking on the door on Christmas morning.‎ A. The latest electronics also made a strong appearance on the wish lists.‎ B. But there were some gifts in the top ten that were more easily provided.‎ C. The UK’s mums might be a little upset.‎ D. That’s because children’s Christmas wish lists contain many gifts not always readily available. ‎ E. “Mum” is the more desired Christmas gift compared to “Dad”. ‎ F. Unbelievably, some famous people were also a popular choice as Christmas gifts.‎ G. Britain’s children are not satisfied with Christmas gifts from Father Christmas.‎ 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ A new cafe culture is forming in and around San Francisco, California. A growing number of coffeehouses there are banning paper cups.‎ ‎ 21 , they are using glass containers or creating “bring your own” cup policies. The movement started among neighborhood cafes in an effort to ‎ 22 waste. Now it is gaining 23 from large businesses in the city — and around the country.‎ The Blue Bottle coffeehouse company is starting small with plans to 24 using paper cups at two of its stores in 2020. The move is part of a promise to produce “zero 25 ” by the end of the year. 26 will have to bring their own cups or pay a(n) 27 US$3 to US$5 for a reusable cup. They can keep the cup or 28 it to get their money back.‎ The company’s CEO, Bryan Meehan, said that the new program will help 29 the company on how to expand（扩展） its policy nationwide. He said, “We may 30 some business, because some of our guests won’t like it, but we’re prepared for that.”‎ Larger coffee and fast-food businesses around the U.S. are feeling a sense of urgency to be more environmentally 31 . Today’s paper cups for hot drinks are not only made from paper, but they also have plastic to 32 leaking (渗漏). This makes them difficult to recycle. It is unlikely that large national food and drink companies will stop using paper cups 33 or ask all customers to bring their own. So they are 34 other solutions. Starbucks and McDonald’s have 35 US$10 million to develop the “recyclable cup of the future”. The result is expected to be recyclable and to break down naturally.‎ ‎21. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. Instead ‎22. A. collect B. reduce C. manage D. drop ‎23. A. advice B. direction C. support D. information ‎ ‎24. A. consider B. stop C. delay D. forgive ‎ ‎25. A. gas B. waste C. power D. energy ‎ ‎26. A. Workers B. Employers C. Customers D. Passengers ‎27. A. formal B. personal C. additional D. professional ‎ ‎28. A. return B. break C. purchase D. lend ‎29. A. replace B. notice C. persuade D. guide ‎30. A. set B. create C. grasp D. lose ‎31. A. friendly B. lovely C. lonely D. lively ‎ ‎32. A. enjoy B. practice C. prevent D. suggest ‎ ‎33. A. gradually B. completely C. actually D. clearly ‎ ‎34. A. holding back B. putting away C. looking for D. bringing down ‎ ‎35. A. saved B. earned C. cost D. paid 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面句子，根据单词首字母或汉语意思在空白处填入单词的正确形式。‎ 36. Students should show r______ for their teachers.‎ 37. You shouldn’t have missed this o______. ‎ 38. ‎ We have spent large a______ of money in building the house.‎ 39. The young pianist was a______ for his excellent performance.‎ 40. Festivals have a wide r______ of origins. ‎ 41. The officer made no r______ to the reporter’s questions.‎ 42. It is an effective a______ to solving the problem.‎ 43. It does h______ to your eyes reading in the strong light.‎ 44. A building was held in m______ of the hero.‎ 45. The worker get medical service free of c______ .‎ 46. The method ______ (证明) to be practical.‎ 47. She’s always full of ______ (活力).‎ 48. He is proud of his children’s______ (成就).‎ 49. The new hospital introduced a lot of ______ (设备).‎ 50. You should seriously ______ (反思) on what you are to do in the future.‎ 第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ 51. ‎______ (move) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.” ‎ 52. They had castles ______ (build) all around England，and made changes to the legal system. ‎ 53. A virtual choir enables them ______ (add) their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community. ‎ 54. The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore, ______ can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. ‎ 55. Moreover, music gave me hope and a sense of ______ (satisfy). ‎ 56. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made ______ much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. ‎ 57. Festivals are becoming more and more commercial，with businesses taking advantage______ the celebrations. ‎ 58. After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field, ______ (wave) their arms in the air as if they were eagles. ‎ 59. When she saw the stone, she said to ______(her), “this stone is a danger to anyone who comes down the street after dark. I will move it out of the way.”‎ 60. Life is precious. To a person nothing is more precious ______ their life. ‎ 第三部分 写作 (满分25分)‎ 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ My family has always loved going to Disneyland. So in 2001, when Disney announced that they were opening California Adventure, it was a big deal. I remember I was ‎ only six years old when I went there for the first time. I’ve been told that as a child I was very naughty and energetic, but always well-meaning. There was just this joy I got from making people angry. This relates to going to California Adventure for the first time ever with my grandmother and it is my oldest memory with her.‎ On this fine day of fun and all things Disney, we reached the park’s Ferris wheel, called the Sun Wheel (now Mickey’s Fun Wheel). If you do not know what the Sun Wheel is, I can briefly explain; it is the most terrifying Ferris wheel in all existence. Why? Well, the seat that you sit in, while 160 feet in the air, slides inward and outward as the wheel rotates (翻滚). If you rocked it hard enough, it could almost do a complete 360-degree spin (旋转). This creates a terrifying experience because it is like a 160-foot-tall swing.‎ So I stood in the line with my grandmother, and neither of us had any idea that this was not an ordinary Ferris wheel. After a long wait it was finally our turn to ride it. We sat inside, began to rise up and that’s when I discovered the ride’s special feature. I started with slow, easy rocking and my grandmother began to fear for her life. Worried we would fall out, she asked me to stop. ‎ Paragraph I: Since I was a very naughty boy, I rocked it harder... ________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ Paragraph II: But to my surprise, my grandma actually enjoyed the terrifying experience with me... ___________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ 参考答案 ‎1-5 BACAD 6-10 CACAB 11-15 BCCDD 16-20 DBACF ‎21-25 DBCBB 26-30 CCADD 31-35 ACBCD 36. respect ‎ 37. opportunity 38. amounts 39. awarded ‎ 40. range ‎ 41. response ‎ 42. approach ‎ 43. harm ‎ 44. memory 45. charge ‎ 46. proved/proves 47. energy 48. achievements ‎ 49. equipment 50. reflect ‎ 51. Moved ‎ 52. built ‎ 53. to add 54. which 55. satisfaction ‎ 56. it ‎ 57. of ‎ 58. waving ‎ 59. herself ‎ 60. ‎ than ‎ 写作（One possible version）‎ Since I was a very naughty boy, I rocked it harder. Each time I rocked harder, she asked me to stop. But I was having too much fun scaring her and swinging around, so what did I do? I rocked it as hard as my little body could manage. It got to the point that my grandmother was yelling at the top of her lungs, while kicking and screaming for me to stop. It was so much fun. The ride finished and I knew I was going to be in trouble.‎ But to my surprise, my grandma actually enjoyed the terrifying experience with me. I actually didn’t get in trouble, but she vowed to never ride it with me again. To this day, my grandma and I still recall and laugh about our terrifying Sun Wheel experience. She's told me that she always thinks back to that moment when she thinks about how much I have changed since then, and I always think back to it as a ‎ fun experience with her that I will never forget.‎ 答案解析 第一部分 第一节 A篇 ‎【语篇导读】本文介绍了几个欧洲最好的滑冰场。‎ ‎11. B。细节理解题。根据Zero Degrees, London, the UK部分的...an ice rink this year for the first time.可知它是个新的滑冰场，故B正确。A项文中没提；根据It’s a little cheaper than...可知C错；根据There is no need to book tickets online. You can simply turn up and buy tickets there.可知D错。‎ ‎2. A。细节理解题。根据Skating Heroes, Hungary部分的...you may see some of Budapest’s older residents ballroom dancing on the ice.可知在这能欣赏老一辈在冰上跳广场舞，故A正确。根据...it’s one of the largest and oldest open-air rinks in Europe...可知C错；其他两项表述是关于其他滑冰场的。‎ ‎3. C。细节理解题。根据Spikersuppa, Norway部分的It’s free if you bring your own skates...可知如果你带着自己的滑冰鞋你可以在这里免费滑冰。‎ B篇 ‎【语篇导读】本文讲述了一只小企鹅报恩的暖心小故事。整整5年，被搭救的小企鹅坚持每年游5000英里看望恩人！仿佛是童话故事变成了现实，让人心中荡起暖意。‎ ‎4. A。细节理解题。根据第三段The penguin was starving and covered in oil.可知这只小企鹅身上覆满了油，且因长时间未进食而显得非常虚弱，所以A项正确。‎ ‎5. D。细节理解题。根据第五段...he was back at the same beach.和第六段Each year Din Din spends about eight months with Joao...可知这只小企鹅回到他身边，并且每年中有8个月的时间和Joao生活在一起，所以A项错误、D项正确；根据第六段... spend the rest of the time breeding on the Patagonia coasts of Argentina and Chile.可知这只小企鹅在一年中的剩余时间里在阿根廷和智利的巴塔哥尼亚海岸进行繁殖，并未提到它带着Joao去它繁殖的地方，所以B项错误；根据第二段...part-time fisherman.可知Joao是一位渔民，但并未提到这只小企鹅帮Joao在海滩上钓鱼，所以C项错误。‎ ‎6. C。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段I love the penguin like he’s my own child...可知Joao把这只小企鹅当成是自己的孩子一样对待，所以C项正确。‎ ‎7. A。细节理解题。根据最后一段I think the penguin believes Joao is part of his family and probably a penguin as well.可知这只小企鹅把Joao当成了自己的家人，所以A项正确。‎ C篇 ‎【语篇导读】坐落在英国北约克郡的世界上最古老的糖果店要被主人出售了，因为它的现任主人要去竞选警察局长了。‎ ‎8. C。细节理解题。根据第一段...its owner wanted to be elected the county’s next police commissioner (局长).可知它的现任主人要去竞选警察局长了，故C正确。根据第一段的...has been put up for sale...可知该店要出售，并不是要便宜卖出糖果也不是要关门，A、D错；根据第一段的The world’s oldest sweet shop...和第二段的...has been run by...more than 20 years.可知B项表述错。‎ ‎9. A。细节理解题。根据第二段的And, if police ... the 63-year-old officer is ‎ convinced that he can be equally effective ...和第三段的...which are the exact qualities needed.可知他对不卖糖果要转行当警察这件事感到完全能胜任，故A正确。根据第四段的“It’s not been an easy decision to make,”...可知C错；B、D两项文中没提。‎ ‎10. B。细节理解题。根据第二段的The Patley Bridge store was founded in 1827 and simply called The Oldest Sweet Shop in the World.可知B正确。根据第二段的...leave behind his old-fashioned sweet jars.以及倒数第二段的...you think they’re old-fashioned...可知A错；根据第四段的“Running this shop has been a joy...可知C、D错。 ‎ ‎11. B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的...and then the kids fall in love with them, too.可知就像他们祖父母一样，孩子们也很喜欢那里的糖果，故B正确。‎ D篇 ‎【语篇导读】“近地点满月”（也被称作“超级月亮”）是指月亮位于其轨道（椭圆形）的近地点时恰逢满月，使得月亮要比平时更亮、更大。但实际上我们通过肉眼却很难看出近地点满月与普通满月的区别。‎ ‎12. C。细节理解题。根据第三段... a new or full moon which occurs at or near its closest point to the earth in its orbit. 可知C项正确。根据占星家理查德·诺勒的定义：在月球轨道上最靠近地球的一点上的新月或满月被称作“超级月亮”。‎ ‎13. C。细节理解题。根据第四段It was bigger and brighter than other full moons of 2011.可知2011年的超级月亮比其他月份的满月更大、更亮，故C项正确。‎ ‎14. D。推理判断题。根据画线句子的意思可知：根据天文学家所说，我们用肉眼无法区分“超级月亮”是否比平时的满月更大、更亮，故D项正确。‎ ‎15. D。细节理解题。根据最后一段It fell on the day of the vernal equinox (春分)...可知，2019年第三次超级月亮发生的时间恰恰在春分这一天。故选D。‎ 第二节 ‎【语篇导读】本文讲述了孩子们在圣诞节期望得到的圣诞礼物。其中一些礼物容易得到，而另一些礼物是不易得到的。‎ ‎16. D。因果关系。根据前一句...but he may fail to make dreams come true for some of Britain’s children in recent years. 以及第二段...the tenth most asked for present was for a dad, while the first was for a baby brother or sister.前面的fail to和D选项中的not always readily available相呼应。‎ ‎17. B。转折关系和承接关系。根据前一句...were hoping for expensive presents...可知孩子们希望得到贵重礼物，而后一句The gifts included chocolates at number six and a stick of rock candy at number nine.可知巧克力和棒棒糖是容易得到的礼物，再结合选项内容可知B项正确。‎ ‎18. A。承接关系。下文提到的iPhones和iPads与A选项中的electronics相呼应，故选A。‎ ‎19. C。因果关系。根据本段后文内容可知“得到一个父亲”在心愿单中排名第十，而“得到一个母亲”在心愿单中排名第23，因此，妈妈们会有些沮丧。再结合选项内容可知C项正确。‎ ‎20. F。承接关系。本段后文讲的是一些孩子的圣诞愿望是得到一些名人。结合选项内容可知F项正确。 ‎ 第二部分 第一节 ‎【语篇导读】现在美国加利福尼亚正在兴起一种新的咖啡馆文化：为了减少垃圾，咖啡馆里正逐渐禁止使用一次性杯子，这些咖啡馆或者使用玻璃杯或者让顾客自己带杯子。‎ ‎21. D。相反(Instead)，他们正在使用玻璃杯或者是推行“带着自己的杯子”的政策。‎ ‎22. B。这项运动开始于那些致力于减少(reduce)垃圾的街区咖啡馆。‎ ‎23. C。现在这种文化获得了旧金山甚至全国大企业的支持(support)。‎ ‎24. B。Blue Bottle正在从小的计划开始，打算在2020年在它的两个咖啡馆停止（stop）使用纸杯。根据上下文内容及上文的...coffeehouses there are banning paper cups.可知此处填stop最合适。‎ ‎25. B。这项活动是在2020年年底产生“零垃圾(waste)” 承诺的一部分。根据上文The movement started among neighborhood cafes in an effort to 42 waste.也可知此处填waste。‎ ‎26. C。顾客（Customers）要带自己的杯子，或者支付额外的（additional）3到5美元来使用可重复使用的杯子。‎ ‎27. C。解析见上题。‎ ‎28. A。他们可以留下杯子也可以把杯子还回去(return)把钱拿回来。‎ ‎29. D。该公司的CEO，Bryan Meehan说这个新项目能帮助指导（guide）该公司在全国范围内展开它的政策。‎ ‎20. D。他说：“我们可能会失去（lose）一些生意，因为一些顾客不会喜欢这个新政策，但是我们已经准备好了。”由下文...because some of our guests won’t like it...可知此处填lose。‎ ‎31. A。美国大一些的咖啡公司和快餐公司都有种要保护生态环境（environmentally friendly）的迫切感。‎ ‎32. C。如今的纸杯不仅仅是用纸做的，而且为了防止（prevent）漏水，纸杯也使用塑料。‎ ‎33. B。那些大的国家饮食公司完全(completely)停止使用不可回收杯子或者完全让顾客带杯子是不太可能的。‎ ‎34. C。所以他们正在寻找(looking for)新的解决方法。hold back 阻止；put away 收好；bring down 降低。‎ ‎35. D。星巴克和麦当劳已经花了（pay）1千万美元来发展“未来的可回收杯子”。‎