2021版高考英语大一轮复习核心素养测评：十九Module1LifeintheFuture外研版必修4

2021版高考英语大一轮复习核心素养测评：十九Module1LifeintheFuture外研版必修4

核心素养测评十九 Module 1 Life in the Future Ⅰ. 阅读理解 ‎ A　　　　‎ Imagine you enter a car with no steering wheel or no brake. Under a voice-activated command, you say an address. “The fastest route will take us 15. 3 minutes. Should I take it? ” You say “yes” and you are on your way. The car responds (做出回应)and starts moving all by itself. All you have to do is to sit back and relax. ‎ How strange would it be if, one day in the future, everyone had such a car? No crazy driving, no quarrels, no cutting in; traffic laws would be respected and driving much safer. On the other hand, imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement (强制执行) and town budgets(预算) without all those speeding and parking tickets. ‎ A new technology has the possibility to change modern society thoroughly. There’s no question that self-driving vehicles could be good. The accident statistics would drop: about 94% of road accidents in the U. S. are caused by man. Older drivers and people with disabilities would travel a lot. Keeping safe speeds and being electric, self-driving cars would sharply reduce pollution levels and depend on alternative energy. Roads would be quieter, people safer. ‎ But we must also consider the effect of the new technology on those who now depend on driving for their living. The American Trucking Association lists about 3. 5 million professional truck drivers in the US. The companies developing self-driving vehicles should be partnering with state and federal authorities to offer retraining for this large workforce (劳动力). ‎ New technologies will, and should, be developed. This is how society moves forward. However, progress can’t be one-sided. It is necessary for the companies and state agencies involved to consider the results of these possible changes to build a better future for all. ‎ ‎【文章大意】作者陈述了将来出现无人驾驶的汽车之后的利弊。‎ 10‎ ‎1. What would be the effect of the wide use of driverless cars? ‎ A. More policemen would inspect the streets. ‎ B. People would never feel angry about the traffic. ‎ C. It would save local governments a lot of money. ‎ D. Traffic regulations would be a thing of the past. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段的“. . . imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement and town budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets. ”可知, 如果未来每人都有一辆无人驾驶的汽车, 没有超速和停车的罚单, 对于当地警察的强制执行以及城市预算的费用会减少很多。由此可知选C。‎ ‎2. How would driverless cars be good for the elderly and the disabled? ‎ A. They would drive a car by themselves. ‎ B. They could enjoy more travelling. ‎ C. They would suffer no road accidents. ‎ D. They could go anywhere they want. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段的“Older drivers and people with disabilities would travel a lot. ”可知, 无人驾驶的汽车能让老年人和残疾人多旅行。故选B。‎ ‎3. What would be the bad effect of driverless cars? ‎ A. The world would be full of unemployed drivers. ‎ B. Many drivers would have to find new ways of making a living. ‎ C. Drivers would have a hard time adapting to new road conditions. ‎ D. Some departments of society would disappear. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段可知无人驾驶的汽车会影响职业司机, 研发自驾汽车的公司将会联合州和联邦政府为那么多劳动力提供再培训。由此可知选B。‎ ‎4. What does the author suggest businesses and the government do? ‎ A. Make new technologies helpful to everyone. ‎ B. Improve people’s living standard. ‎ C. Make new technologies affordable to everyone. ‎ D. Make full use of new technologies. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知, 作者建议应该研发新技术, 但是有关的公司和国家机构应该考虑这些新技术带来的变化, 进步不能是片面的。由此可知,‎ 10‎ ‎ 作者建议新技术应该对所有人都有益。故选A。‎ ‎【知识拓展】佳词积累 ‎1. brake　　　　 n. 车闸 ‎2. voice-activated adj. 声控的 ‎3. cut in 突然插到……前面 ‎4. speed n. 速度　v. 超速 ‎5. partner n. 伙伴　v. 与……合伙 ‎6. involved adj. 有关的 B For centuries, people have moved to and lived in cities. These urban centres are places to find work, friends and fun. It’s no surprise that they continue to grow as more and more people flood in hoping to make the most of the chances they offer but adding to the congestion and pollution that already exist. ‎ According to a report by the United Nations, 54 per cent of the world’s population lives in urban areas and it predicts that by 2050, this figure will have increased to around 70 per cent. But as more and more people move from the countryside to the city to get better chances, they can end up with nowhere to live. ‎ This is true in places such as Rio de Janeiro, where the people from the countryside can’t rent or buy a home, and they end up building their own communities and houses on unoccupied land. These are called shanty towns—poor communities where the houses are built out of cheap materials and often don’t have any electricity or water supply. ‎ These are, of course, not the future cities we want to see. Some serious urban planning is needed to make our cities of the future good, safe and modern places to live in. This involves improving the housing conditions, the chances for education and employment and so on. ‎ Something urban planners are looking at now is the creation of “smart cities”. According to John Rossant, founder and chairman of the non-profit organisation New Cities Foundation, technology is the way forward. He thinks that it’s generally accepted that “cloud computing, ubiquitous internet, robust 5G networks etc, ‎ 10‎ will change our cities. ” He says technology is really “a game changer”, in urbanization (城市化). It would collect large amounts of data about how a city is working and may improve how a city functions. ‎ ‎【文章大意】未来城市的发展会是什么样的? 随着人们移居城市追求更好的工作和生活, 城市人口增长, 城市发展将面临很多机遇和挑战。‎ ‎5. Why will a larger population be living in a city by 2050? ‎ A. Because more people will move into it to get more good opportunities. ‎ B. Because more people will have more children. ‎ C. Because the countryside will disappear. ‎ D. Because the government encourages the development of cities. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段的“It’s no surprise that they continue to grow as more and more people flood in hoping to make the most of the chances they offer. . . ”以及第二段的“more and more people move from the countryside to the city to get better chances”可知, 随着人们移居城市追求更好的工作和生活, 城市继续扩大, 人口继续增长。故选A。‎ ‎6. What can we know about shanty towns? ‎ A. They have good quality housing built for poor people. ‎ B. They are filled with people living under poverty. ‎ C. They are built by the government. ‎ D. They are developed and modern. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段的“These are called shanty towns—poor communities where the houses are built out of cheap materials and often don’t have any electricity or water supply. ”可知。‎ ‎7. What name is given to a city that uses technology to help it function properly? ‎ A. Traditional cities. 　　 B. Future cities. ‎ C. Smart cities. D. Developing cities. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知, 利用高科技使城市运转, 这样的城市被称作“smart cities智能城市”。故选C。‎ ‎【知识拓展】长难句分析 It’s no surprise that they continue to grow as more and more people flood in hoping ‎ 10‎ to make the most of the chances they offer but adding to the congestion and pollution that already exist. ‎ 分析: it作形式主语, that they continue to grow 是真正的主语从句。as引导原因状语从句, 在状语从句中, hoping to make the most of the chances they offer和 adding to the congestion and pollution that already exist是两个现在分词短语作状语。在这两个现在分词短语中又有两个定语从句, 它们分别是they offer和that already exist。前者修饰先行词chances, 后者修饰congestion and pollution。‎ 翻译: 它们继续变大是不足为奇的, 因为越来越多的人涌进来, 希望利用它们提供的机会, 但是却增加了已经存在的拥挤和污染。‎ Ⅱ. 完形填空 ‎(2020·哈尔滨模拟)‎ I used to go to the gym a lot, so when I started to get pains in my neck, I just assumed I had pulled something. But when I couldn’t 　1　 my neck or look left, right, up or down, I went to the doctor and I was told that I had a rare type of cancer that 　2　 the throat. It was 　3　. At the time I was 　4　 twenty.  ‎ Having cancer and getting 　5　 influenced a lot of things. The side effects from my treatment were really bad. I couldn’t work, and I wasn’t able to go out with my friends. I would rather not go through it. 　6　, the youth support volunteers encouraged me to keep going, which gave me the motivation to 　7　 treatment. Besides, my family was really there to 　8　 me, and it drew us 　9　.  ‎ During my treatment, I 　10　 new friends through Teenage Cancer Trust’s social events. They were 　11　 people who had been through cancer as well. The conversation between us 　12　 more easily as we had things in common. I 　13　 them to stay optimistic.  ‎ As I 　14　 working out, now I want to become a health 　15　 to guide young people suffering from cancer. They often lose or gain a lot of weight, which can affect their 　16　. So I can use my 　17　 to help them get back to fitness. I lost much weight and I’m trying to 　18　 it so I can be an inspiration for them. In a way, I see having cancer as a 　19　 thing. It was a test for me and I am now ‎ 10‎ going down a better 　20　.  ‎ ‎【文章大意】作者经历了癌症后加入志愿者队伍, 帮助那些患癌症的年轻人恢复健康。‎ ‎1. A. scratch　 B. hold　　 C. lift　　　D. pull ‎【解析】选C。此处指我不能抬起我的脖子, 不能上下左右地看。scratch抓, 擦; hold抓住; lift举起, 抬起; pull拉。‎ ‎2. A. demanded B. injected C. displayed D. affected ‎【解析】选D。我去看医生, 医生告诉我我患了一种罕见的癌症, 它影响我的喉咙。demand要求; inject注射; display展示; affect影响。‎ ‎3. A. scary B. clumsy C. lucky D. exciting ‎【解析】选A。被告知得了癌症, 这是吓人的。scary吓人的; clumsy笨拙的; lucky幸运的; exciting令人激动的。‎ ‎4. A. also B. still C. only D. even ‎【解析】选C。那时我只有20岁。also也; still仍然; only只有; even甚至。‎ ‎5. A. experiment B. treatment C. donation D. experience ‎【解析】选B。此处指患癌症和接受治疗影响了许多事情。根据下一句的treatment可以猜出答案。experiment实验; treatment治疗; donation捐赠; experience经历, 经验。‎ ‎6. A. Actually B. Eventually C. Fortunately D. Gradually ‎【解析】选C。此处指幸运的是, 青年支持志愿者们鼓励我坚持下去。actually实际上; eventually最后; fortunately幸运的是; gradually逐渐地。‎ ‎7. A. focus on B. carry on C. take on D. depend on ‎【解析】选B。此处指(他们的鼓励)激励我继续治疗。focus on集中于; carry on继续; take on雇用, 呈现; depend on依靠。‎ ‎8. A. realize B. believe C. support D. consult ‎【解析】选C。此处指我的家人也支持我。realize实现, 意识到; believe相信; support支持; consult咨询。‎ 10‎ ‎9. A. closer B. further C. cleverer D. worse ‎【解析】选A。此处指家人的支持使我们关系更加亲密。close亲密的; far远的; clever聪明的; bad糟糕的。‎ ‎10. A. shared B. exchanged C. avoided D. made ‎【解析】选D。此处指我在治疗期间结交了新朋友。make friends交朋友。‎ ‎11. A. lovely B. young C. mature D. smart ‎【解析】选B。根据前面一句中的Teenage Cancer Trust’s social events可知, 作者结交的朋友都是患过癌症的年轻人。lovely可爱的; young年轻的; mature成熟的; smart聪明的, 时髦的。‎ ‎12. A. flowed B. hit C. applied D. discussed ‎【解析】选A。因为我们有很多共同点所以我们的谈话很顺畅。flow流出, (谈话、文体等)流畅; hit打击; apply申请, 应用; discuss讨论。‎ ‎13. A. inspired B. discouraged C. warned D. wished ‎【解析】选A。我激励他们保持乐观。inspire激励; discourage使气馁; warn警告; wish希望。‎ ‎14. A. admit B. imagine C. admire D. love ‎【解析】选D。此处指因为我热爱锻炼, 我想成为一个健身教练来指导患癌症的年轻人。admit承认; imagine想象; admire钦佩; love热爱。‎ ‎15. A. patient B. coach C. minister D. doctor ‎【解析】选B。health coach健身教练。‎ ‎16. A. delight B. process C. trouble D. health ‎【解析】选D。他们经常体重减少或者体重增加, 这都影响他们的健康。delight高兴; process过程; trouble麻烦; health健康。‎ ‎17. A. grades B. qualification C. impression D. problem ‎【解析】选B。此处指我能利用我的(健身教练的)资格帮助他们恢复健康。grade年级,‎ 10‎ ‎ 成绩; qualification资格, 合格证书; impression印象; problem问题。‎ ‎18. A. recall B. return C. regain D. review ‎【解析】选C。我的体重减了很多, 我想再次增加体重。recall回忆; return回来, 归还; regain重新获得; review复习。‎ ‎19. A. positive B. negative C. depressed D. moved ‎【解析】选A。在某种程度上, 我把患癌症看作是一件好事。positive积极的, 正面的; negative消极的; depressed感到沮丧的; moved感动的。‎ ‎20. A. role B. concern C. behavior D. path ‎【解析】选D。患癌症对我来说是一次考验, 我现在正沿着一条更好的路前行。role作用, 角色; concern关心; behavior行为; path小径, 路。‎ ‎【知识拓展】佳词积累 ‎1. pain　　　　　 n. 疼痛 ‎2. neck n. 脖子 ‎3. go through 经历 ‎4. draw sb. close 把某人拉近 ‎5. motivation n. 动力, 积极性 ‎6. work out 锻炼 Ⅲ. 语法填空 ‎　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The Simpsons, a 31-year-old TV show, has seen some very famous faces and made some correct predictions. ‎ Do you remember in 2000, 1. 　　　　　 The Simpsons predicted that Donald Trump would one day be President of the United States? Back then, it seemed 2. (possible)—nothing but a joke. However, 17 years later, the joke became a 3. (real).  ‎ Trump’s 4. 　　　　　(become) President is just one of the fun predictions ‎ ‎5. 　　　　　(make) by the long-running TV show that have come true. Other predictions include America’s Ebola breakout and the invention of Face Time.  ‎ 10‎ However, the TV show predicted one most recent major event in an episode(一集) 20 years ago. In December, 2017, in a deal worth￡40 billion, Walt Disney agreed 6. (take) control of 20th Century Fox. ‎ Aside from the fact 7. 　　　　　 this is a large amount of money, this news is even more shocking because of The Simpsons. In the episode titled “When You Dish Upon A Star” which aired on November 8, 1998, one scene 8. 　　　　　(show)the outside of the 20th Century Fox studio. Under the famous logo it reads “A Division of Walt Disney Co”.  ‎ Unbelievable, right? ‎ Our only question is—what other 9. (amaze) happenings will The Simpsons predict next? Let’s wait 10. 　　　　　 the answer patiently.  ‎ ‎【文章大意】《辛普森一家》的神预言让我们难以置信。‎ ‎1. 【解析】when。when引导定语从句修饰2000, 关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语。‎ ‎2. 【解析】impossible。根据破折号后面的nothing but a joke(只是一个笑话)可知, 此处指在那时好像是不可能的。‎ ‎【知识拓展】im-前缀 im-前缀常放在以字母p, m开头的形容词前面。如: impolite无礼的; impractical不实际的; immoral 不道德的; immature不成熟的。‎ ‎3. 【解析】reality。根据空前面的不定冠词a可知, 此处需要用名词。‎ ‎4. 【解析】becoming。Trump’s becoming President在此处作主语, 名词所有格后面接动词的-ing形式。‎ ‎5. 【解析】made。made by the long-running TV show是过去分词短语作定语修饰predictions。make和predictions之间是被动关系, 且此动作发生在过去, 所以用过去分词。‎ ‎6. 【解析】to take。agree to do sth. 同意做某事。‎ ‎7. 【解析】that。that在此处引导同位语从句, 作fact的同位语。‎ ‎8. 【解析】showed。空处缺谓语。根据前面的1998可知此处用一般过去时。‎ ‎9. 【解析】amazing。此处表示“发生的惊人的事情”。amazing表示“惊人的”。‎ ‎10. 【解析】for。wait for等候。‎ 10‎ 10‎