【英语】2020届二轮复习语法之从属(并列)关连词学案

【英语】2020届二轮复习语法之从属(并列)关连词学案

第3节　从属(并列)关连词 Step 1典题感悟·高考名题这样考 考查角度1　并列连词 ‎1．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)In much of Asia, especially the socalled“rice bowl”cultures of China，Japan，Korea, ____________ Vietnam，food is usually eaten with chopsticks.‎ ‎[解析]　考查连词。分析句子结构及语境可知，Vietnam与空前的“China，Japan，Korea”之间是并列关系，故填并列连词and。‎ ‎[答案]　and ‎2．(2016·江苏卷改编)____________ some people are motivated by a need for success，others are motivated by a fear of failure.‎ ‎[解析]　考查连词。两个分句之间显然存在一种对比关系，“一些人做事的动机是成功的需求，而其他人做事的动机却是害怕失败”。while“然而，但是”，表示对比，故填While。‎ ‎[答案]　While ‎3．(2016·北京卷改编)I am not afraid of tomorrow, ____________ I have seen yesterday and I love today.‎ ‎[解析]　考查并列连词。句意：我不害怕明天，因为我已经见证了昨天并且我热爱今天。根据句意可知，前后句之间是因果关系，且表示“前果后因”，故用并列连词for。‎ ‎[答案]　for 考查角度2　时间连词 ‎4．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Over time, ____________ the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.‎ ‎[解析]　考查连词。随着人口的增长或当人口增长时，人们开始把食物切成小片。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，表示“随着”或“当……时”，故填as或when。‎ ‎[答案]　as/when ‎5．(2016·天津卷) ____________ the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.‎ ‎[解析]　考查连词。句意：随着人口平均年龄的增加，越来越多的老年人需要照顾。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导状语从句，表示“随着”。‎ ‎[答案]　As 考查角度3　让步连词 ‎6．(2016·北京卷)My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, ____________ he's in his nineties.‎ ‎[解析]　考查连词。句意：我爷爷虽然已经90多岁了，但他有时还打网球。根据句意并分析句子成分可知，本空需要从属连词引导让步状语从句。even though表示“即使”，故填even though。‎ ‎[答案]　even though ‎7．(2016·浙江卷)____________ online shopping has changed our life，not all of its effects ‎ have been positive.‎ ‎[解析]　考查连词。句意：虽然网购已经改变了我们的生活，但它的影响并不全是积极的。此处while意为“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。也可填Although/Though。‎ ‎[答案]　Although/Though/While 考查角度4　表条件的连词 ‎8．(2019·天津卷)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion ____________ he wants their support.‎ ‎[解析]　考查连词。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。 unless“除非”，故填unless。 ‎ ‎[答案]　unless ‎9．(2018·北京卷改编)____________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.‎ ‎[解析]　考查条件状语从句。根据句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上许多动植物将不复存在。根据句意可知，此处用If引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎[答案]　If 考查角度5　其他从属连词 ‎10．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On our way to the house, it was raining ____________ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.‎ ‎[解析]　考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so... that...”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。‎ ‎[答案]　so ‎11．(2018·天津卷改编)Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend ____________ they get sweet enough to be eaten.‎ ‎[解析]　考查状语从句。从句意的连贯上看，空前说“等到周末再摘这些桃子”，空后说“它们就变得够甜了，可以吃了”，这里应该用so that“以便”引导目的状语从句。‎ ‎[答案]　so that ‎12．(2016·北京卷改编)I really enjoy listening to music ____________ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.‎ ‎[解析]　考查连词。句意：我非常喜欢听音乐，因为它能帮助我放松，让我不再去想一天中其他的烦心事。根据句意可知，这里应用because引导原因状语从句，说明喜欢听音乐的原因。‎ ‎[答案]　because Step 2 知识储备·抓重破难补短板 一、六种并列连词分组识记 并列连词 功能 例句 and, not only... but (also)．.., both... and..., neither... nor...等 表并列或 递进关系 ‎①The train was comfortable and the people were nice.‎ 火车很舒适，而且人们很友好。‎ ‎②He not only read the book, but also ‎ remembered what he had read.‎ 他不但读了这本书，而且记得所读的内容。‎ but, yet，whereas，‎ while等 表转折 关系 The son was sleeping at home while the parents were working in the fields.‎ 儿子在家睡觉而父母在田里劳作。‎ or, either... ‎ or...，not... ‎ but...等 表选择 关系 Either you or I am wrong.‎ 要么你，要么我，是错的。‎ for, so 表因果 关系 The leaves of the trees are falling, for it's already autumn.‎ 树叶在落，因为秋天已经到了。‎ and, or 表条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”中 You have to move out of the way or the truck cannot get past you.‎ 你得让出路来，否则卡车无法从你身旁通过。‎ when 可用作并列连词，相当于and at this/that time，意为“正在这时，突然”‎ 常用于下列句式：sb. be about to do/on the point of doing sth. when...(某人正要做某事突然……)；sb. be doing sth. when...(某人正在做某事突然……); sb. had just done sth. when...(某人刚做完某事突然……)。‎ ‎①He was about to go out when the telephone rang.‎ 他正要出去，正在这时电话铃响了。‎ ‎②He had finished writing a report when the boss let him type a letter.‎ 他刚写完一篇报告，正在这时老板让他打印一封信件。‎ ‎①(2019·成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)I knew there might be problems, ____________ I saw them as opportunities for learning.‎ ‎[答案]　but/yet ‎②(2019·南昌市重点中学高三年段考试题)If your smartphone and wallet become separate, the alarm will warn you ____________ you don't leave it behind.‎ ‎[答案]　so ‎③(2019·合肥市高三调研性检测)Similarly, water, a symbol of the everchanging, ____________ rocks, a symbol of the eternal(永恒的), create a harmonious balance of nature's yin and yang.‎ ‎[答案]　and 二、九种状语从句的功能与注意事项 项目 连接词 例句 注意事项 时间 状语 when, while, as, before, after，‎ ‎①Mary made coffee while her guests were 从句 since, until, the moment等 ‎ finishing their meal.‎ ‎②I will tell him the news the moment he comes.‎ 要注意时态一致，一般情况下，在时间状语从句中，表示将来的动作用一般现在时(不可用将来时)‎ 地点 状语 从句 where, wherever ‎①I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting.‎ ‎②We are always welcome wherever we go.‎ 注意不要和where引导的定语从句混淆，若是定语从句，where前必然有先行词 结果 状语 从句 so... that...，‎ ‎ such... that...，‎ so that(结果，以致于)‎ ‎①He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.‎ ‎②There was such a crush on the train that I could hardly breathe.‎ ‎③I got up late so that I missed the early bus.‎ 在so... that...和such... that...所引导的结果状语从句中，so为副词，后面跟形容词、副词或分词，而such为形容词，后面只能跟名词或名词性短语 目的 状语 从句 so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (that)‎ They flew there in order that they might be in time to attend the opening ceremony.‎ 从句中常用may, might, can, could, should等情态动词，后接动词原形 条件 状语 从句 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, in case等 We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or it's very cold.‎ 条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，当主句是一般将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时 原因 状语 从句 because, since, as, for, now (that)‎ The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.‎ ‎①because语气最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题；since次之，as最弱 ‎②for用作连词时，往往表示一种附带的解释、说明或推理 让步 状语 从句 although，though，‎ as, even if/though，‎ whatever, however，‎ no matter what/‎ who/how ‎①Tired as/though I was, I went on with my work.‎ ‎②I will go and attend the meeting however busy I am.‎ ‎①当有though, although时，后面的从句不能有but ‎②as引导的让步状语从句必须把表语、状语或动词原形提前 方式 状语 从句 as, just as, as if, as though Jack wasn't doing anything, but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done as if, as though在方式状语从句中多指非真实的或可能性较小的情况，常用虚拟语气 ‎ something very clever.‎ 比较 状语 从句 as...as..., not so...as，比较级＋than ‎①He works as hard as everyone else in the class.‎ ‎②He is taller than any other student in our school.‎ 注意比较句型表示在一定范围内的最高级含义：比较级＋than＋any other＋单数可数名词 ‎④(2019·合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测)It also shows Chinese people had had a clear understanding of the outside world ____________ western maps came into the country.‎ ‎[答案]　before ‎⑤(2019·南昌市第三次模拟测试卷)At the end of the journey, we were all excited and happy ____________ we won.‎ ‎[答案]　because/since ‎⑥(2019·武汉高中毕业生五月训练题)____________ she had received over 2,000 calories, Bertha felt that she needed a reward.‎ ‎[答案]　Though/Although/While Step 3增分攻略·献计献策献妙招 一、并列连词在语法填空中的审题、解题要领口诀 and表顺延，for/so起因缘，‎ while表对比，when示突然间。‎ but/yet意转折，(either...) or供挑选，‎ ‎(neither...) nor全否定，not only...‎ but also...入递进关。‎ ‎[操作技法1]　弄清楚前后分句之间的逻辑关系，正确理解语境，就可正确解题。‎ ‎[典例]　(2019·福州市高中毕业班适应性练习)Now the library has as many as 3,500 characters, ________ Chen's research on the project still continues, as he plans to extend the library to 7,000 characters.‎ ‎[解析]　考查连词。 根据语境可知，空处前后内容之间为转折关系。故填but/yet。‎ ‎[答案]　but/yet ‎[操作技法2]　注意when和while用作并列连词时常用的固定句式和特殊意义。‎ ‎[典例]　(2019·昆明市高三复习诊断测试)During World War Ⅱ， ____________ long underwear was given to US soldiers to keep them warm in the winter cold, it really came to the public's attention.‎ ‎[解析]　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导时间状语从句，故用连词when“当……时”；根据语境可知，前后句之间也可以为逻辑上的因果关系，前因后果，故用连词since/as/because。故填when/since/as/because。‎ ‎[答案]　when/since/as/because 二、从属连词在语法填空中的审题、解题要领口诀 状语从句不一般，服务功能它最全。‎ 表原因、表结果，又表让步与时间。‎ 表方式、表比较，尚表目的和条件。‎ 连词作用分辨清，灵活运用不留憾。‎ ‎[操作技法1]　具备全面的状语从句知识，熟悉每个连接词的语义和语法特征，尤其像as，since，while等引导不同的状语从句的连词，before引导状语从句时可以表达不同的意思等，都要熟练掌握。‎ ‎[典例]　(2019·郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测)____________ he was looking into the use of cellphones by drivers, he found that more than 30% of them reached for their cellphones on the road.‎ ‎[解析]　考查状语从句。该句意为：当他调查司机使用手机的情况时，他发现30%以上的司机在路上会伸手拿手机。根据句意并结合空后的“he was looking into”可知，空处表示“当……时”，故填When/While/As。‎ ‎[答案]　When/While/As ‎[操作技法2]　正确理解语境，这是正确答题的关键。需要提醒的是，在时间状语从句中有几个常用的固定句型，一定要牢记。如：be doing sth....when；be about to do sth. when...；had just done sth. when...; not...until...。‎ ‎[典例]　(2019·高考考试大纲调研卷三)I didn't press the close button ____________ she steadied herself in the lift.‎ ‎[解析]　考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句是not... until...句型，表示“直到……才……”。‎ ‎[答案]　until ‎[操作技法3]　巧看句式结构：在复合句的考题中，要首先看一下有没有and，or，but，so等并列连词，这些词可以作为做题的依据。‎ ‎[典例]　(2019·石家庄高中毕业班教学质量检测)He was so attracted by the performance as he decided to learn it.____________‎ ‎[解析]　考查固定用法。so...that...为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于”，根据语境和该句中的“so”并分析句子结构可知，此处应将as改为that。‎ ‎[答案]　as→that ‎1．分析单词、短语或句子的逻辑关系或句式结构 ‎(1)完整的句子中，如果两个单词或短语并列，要填并列连词；‎ ‎(2)若两个句子(两个主谓结构)之间没有句号或分号，也没有连词，空格必定填连词。‎ ‎2．根据主从句的逻辑关系确定状语从句的连接词 ‎(1)如果主从句是因果关系，则要考虑用because, as, since；‎ ‎(2)如果主从句有时间先后之分，则要考虑用时间状语从句的连接词；如果从句为主句的条件，则要考虑用if；‎ ‎(3)如果从句表示让步，则要考虑用although, though, while。‎ Step 4刷题训练·练稳练准练速度 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2019·四川棠湖中学一次月考)There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ____________ some of them looked disappointed.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：当时有许多人正在公交车站等车，但他们有些人看上去很失望。前后两个分句表示转折关系，故填并列连词but。‎ ‎[答案]　but ‎2．(2019·江西抚州七校10月联考)Maybe, when dancing, you think you're not exercising ____________ entertaining yourself.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：也许当你跳舞时，你会认为你没在锻炼而是在自娱自乐。not...but...意为：不是……而是……。‎ ‎[答案]　but ‎3．(2019·河南省实验中学二次月考)In their opinion, universities are public assets—they should serve not only the students and faculty ____________ the general public as well.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：他们认为，大学是公共资产——它们不仅应该服务学生和全体教师还要服务大众。根据本句中的not only可推知设空处填but，构成“not only...but... as well”结构。‎ ‎[答案]　but ‎4．(2019·吉林汪清六中9月月考)Smoking not only does harm to their health ____________ to others.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：吸烟不仅对他们的健康有害而且还对别人有害。根据本句中的not only可知设空处填but(also)，构成“not only... but (also)．..”结构。‎ ‎[答案]　but(also)‎ ‎5．(2019·山东淄博实验中学、淄博五中一次诊断)They are not like us to finish it in one drink, ____________ prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：他们(饮酒)不像我们那样一饮而尽，而是喜欢每次只喝一小口。根据句中的not可知设空处填but，构成“not... but...”结构。‎ ‎[答案]　but ‎6．(2019·湖南师大附中一次月考)“I'll tell you how you can improve your memory.” They say, ____________ they start their advice.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：“我会告诉你如何提高你的记忆力。”他们说，然后他们就开始了他们的建议。前后两部分为顺承关系，故填and。‎ ‎[答案]　and ‎7．(2019·内蒙古赤峰二中二次月考)____________ afternoon tea can be enjoyed at home, the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or a café.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：虽然在家里就可享用下午茶，但体验下午茶的最佳方式是去一家精致的酒店或咖啡馆。逗号前后为转折关系，故填从属连词Though/Although/While。‎ ‎[答案]　Though/Although/While ‎8．(2019·江西新余四中9月月考)They are pretending to keep a healthy and wise attitude towards failure simply ____________ they are incapable(无能力的) of succeeding.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：他们假装对失败持健康的、明智的态度只是因为他们没有成功的能力。设空处后面的从句说明主句的原因，故填从属连词because。‎ ‎[答案]　because ‎9．(2019·广西桂林十八中二次月考)He speaks so slowly and strangely ____________ it takes patience to understand what he is saying.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：他说得又慢又怪以至于需要耐心才能明白他说的内容。本题考查“so... that...”句型，该句型中的that从句为结果状语从句。‎ ‎[答案]　that ‎10．(2019·四川邻水实验学校9月月考)No matter ____________ we go or what we do, we always embrace the adventure.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：无论我们去哪里，无论我们做什么事情，我们总会冒一些风险。根据题干中的No matter及go可推知设空处填where。no matter where意为：无论去哪里。‎ ‎[答案]　where ‎11．(2019·甘肃民勤一中一次月考)The condition was ____________ terrible that all the work was done by hand.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：环境如此恶劣以至于所有的工作都要手工完成。设空处后为形容词，故设空处填so。so...that...结构引导结果状语从句。‎ ‎[答案]　so ‎12．(2019·河南天一大联考一次联考)Healthy weight loss doesn't mean severe calorie reduction. However, ____________ you're anxious about your weight, speak with an expert to help ensure physical and mental health.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：健康减肥并不意味着极力减少热量摄入。然而，如果/(每)当你对你的体重感到担心，找专家谈一谈来帮助确保你的身心健康。根据设空处前后句子的逻辑关系可知设空处可引导条件状语从句，也可引导时间状语从句，意为：“如果”或“(每)当……时候”，故填if/when/whenever。‎ ‎[答案]　if/when/whenever ‎13．(2019·辽宁沈阳东北育才学校一模)Together, those volunteers and the Northern Essex Community College students worked to clear rubbish out of a three－story building. They put on protective suits and gloves ____________ they entered the building.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：那些志愿者和北埃塞克斯社区学院的学生一起将垃圾从一栋三层楼房清理出来。他们在进入那栋楼房前就穿上了防护服，戴上了手套。根据常识可知设空处表示“在……之前”，故填before。‎ ‎[答案]　before ‎14．(2019·江西红色七校一联)____________ hosting the Asian Games will cost the government a lot, the benefits are easy for us to see.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：虽然举办亚运会会花政府很多钱，但是好处对我们来说也是显而易见的。设空处引导让步状语从句，故填从属连词Though/Although。‎ ‎[答案]　Though/Although ‎15．(2019·江苏启东中学一次月考)The doctor suggests that I should sleep with the window open ____________ it's very cold.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：医生建议我睡觉时开着窗户，除非很冷。设空处引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”，故填unless。‎ ‎[答案]　unless Ⅱ.语篇语法填空 ‎(2019·甘肃师大附中月考)China has always been famous for being a“State of Etiquette(礼仪)”. According to historical documents, as early as 2,600 years ago, this nation has already established a thorough set 1.____________ dining etiquette.‎ A famous 19th century Russian writer, Anton Chekhov, once invited a Chinese man 2.____________(have) a drink in a bar. Chekhov said，“Before drinking from his cup, he held it with his hands and presented to me and the bar owner and bartenders,3.____________(say) ‘qing (please)’. This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink, 4.____________ prefer to drink by taking a small amount at 5.______________ time. With every sip(一小口), he 6.______________(eat) some food. Afterwards, he handed me some Chinese 7.______________(coin) to show gratitude. This is a rather interestingly polite nationality...”This was the most valuable opinion of a Chinese person 8.______________ was given by a foreigner two centuries ago. Chinese traditional dinner procedures used to be long and dealt 9.____________(serious) with; the 10.____________(important) the occasion, the more complex the procedures were.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要讲了中国是一个礼仪之邦，并举了一个例子来说明中国的餐桌礼仪。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查固定用法。句意：根据历史文献记载，早在2 600年以前，这个国家已经建立了一套周密的餐桌礼仪。a set of“一套”，为固定短语，故填of。‎ ‎[答案]　of ‎2．[解析]　考查固定句型。句意：十九世纪，一位著名的俄国作家曾经邀请一个中国人去酒吧喝酒。invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”，为固定短语，故填to have。‎ ‎[答案]　to have ‎3．[解析]　考查非谓语动词。say的逻辑主语是he，它们之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语，故填saying。‎ ‎[答案]　saying ‎4．[解析]　考查连词。句意：他们不像我们一口喝完，但是更喜欢一次喝一小口。表示转折关系，故填but。‎ ‎[答案]　but ‎5．[解析]　考查固定短语。句意：他们不像我们一口喝完，但是更喜欢一次喝一小口。at a time“每次”，是固定短语，故填a。‎ ‎[答案]　a ‎6．[解析]　考查时态。句意：他喝一口酒，吃一些食物。这里在讲述故事，用一般过去时，故填ate。‎ ‎[答案]　ate ‎7．[解析]　考查名词单复数。句意：后来他递给我一些中国硬币，作为感谢。被some修饰，所以用名词复数，填coins。‎ ‎[答案]　coins ‎8．[解析]　考查定语从句。8.____________ was given by a foreigner two centuries ago.作定语修饰the most valuable opinion，the most valuable opinion 是先行词，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，先行词被最高级修饰，只能用that。‎ ‎[答案]　that ‎9．[解析]　考查副词。用副词修饰动词短语dealt with，故填seriously。‎ ‎[答案]　seriously ‎10．[解析]　考查常用结构。句意：场合越重要，程序越复杂。the＋比较级，the＋比较级，“越……越……”，是固定用法，故填more important。‎ ‎[答案]　more important 专题强化训练(十)‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 A ‎(2019·广西玉林市期末)Speaking of talented people, we will think of the young. Mozart created his first piano concert at 11. Yet I can 't help but draw much 1.____________(inspire) from those who succeeded at an old age.2.____________(give) hope, I am convinced that our dreams can come true if we have faith 3____________ ourselves and keep learning and working for 4.______________.‎ Consider the story of Mary Declany, a 72yearold woman from the UK, who invented a new art form in the 1770s. On a visit to a friend, she met two plant experts who 5.____________( take) a trip with an explorer through the South Pacific. Interested in their work, she picked up a pair of 6.______________(scissor) and began making flower collages with cut paper.‎ ‎7．____________ surprised us most was that her works of art were so unique and 8.____________(value) that they were on display in the British Museum. There's the modern version 9.______________(create) our lives, without worrying about our age. And away from the mysterious world, Colonel Sanders didn 't open his first KFC restaurant 10.______________ he was 62, while Fauja Singh ran his first marathon at 89.‎ 语篇解读：文章讲述了一些大器晚成，勇于追梦的人，只要对自己有信心，什么年龄去实现梦想都不晚。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查名词。draw inspiration from“从……获得灵感”。句意：然而，我不禁从那些在老年取得成功的人身上汲取了很多灵感。故填inspiration。‎ ‎[答案]　inspiration ‎2．[解析]　考查过去分词。I与give是动宾关系，故填过去分词作状语，我被给予希望。句意：给予希望，我相信我们的梦想都能成真。故填Given。‎ ‎[答案]　Given ‎3．[解析]　考查介词。have faith in“对……有信心”，是固定搭配。句意：如果我们相信自己。故填in。‎ ‎[答案]　in ‎4．[解析]　考查代词。them指代前面的dreams，放在介词后面使用宾格形式。故填them。‎ ‎[答案]　them ‎5．[解析]　考查时态。take a trip“旅行”，根据met可知是过去的动作，故用一般过去时。句意：在拜访一位朋友时，她遇到了两位植物专家，他们和一位探险家一起穿越了南太平洋。故填took。‎ ‎[答案]　took ‎6．[解析]　考查名词。根据前面的a pair of可知应该填写复数形式。句意：拿起一把剪刀，开始用剪纸做花卉拼贴画。故填scissors。‎ ‎[答案]　scissors ‎7．[解析]　考查名词性从句。结合句意可知，这是what引导的主语从句，因为从句中缺少主语。句意：最让我们吃惊的是，她的艺术作品是如此独特和有价值的。故填What。‎ ‎[答案]　What ‎8．[解析]　考查形容词。根据were可知后面是两个形容词并列。句意：最让我们吃惊的是，她的艺术作品是如此独特和有价值的。故填valuable。‎ ‎[答案]　valuable ‎9．[解析]　考查不定式。句意：它是创造我们生活的现代版本，无需担心我们的年龄。故填to create。‎ ‎[答案]　to create ‎10．[解析]　考查连词。这是not... until结构，“直到……才”，直到62岁才开KFC。句意：桑德斯上校直到62岁才开了他的第一家肯德基餐厅。故填until。‎ ‎[答案]　until B ‎(2019·河北衡水二调)China's industrial output is expected to rise by around 6.5 percent this year, making the best 1.______________(perform) since 2010, 2.____________ the Made in China 2025 strategy(策略) helps to raise productivity and revenue(税收)．‎ The increase is 0.5 percentage points 3.______________(high) than the targeted growth, partly 4.______________(drive) by strong efforts to increase the use of new technology at traditional enterprises(企业), Miao Wei said on Monday.‎ ‎“The country's industrial economy has maintained steady and sound growth thanks 5.______________ the Made in China 2025 strategy. It promoted the combination of manufacturing and new technologies such as 6.______________ Internet, big data and cloud computing，”Mina added.‎ The ministry also predicted that the country's industrial output would be likely 7.____________(grow) by around 6 percent next year, with revenue from the telecommunications, Internet, and software and information technology service 8.____________(increase) by 50 percent, 30 percent and 13 percent, respectively.‎ According to Miao, the country will also publish policies 9.______________ promoting the development of digital economy. The data show that the country's digital economy added up to 22.58 trillion yuan last year, ranking second 10.______________(global) and accounting for around 30 percent of national GDP.‎ 语篇解读： 本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了因为“中国制造2025”战略，预计今年中国工业产值将增长6.5%左右，这是自2010以来的最佳表现。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查名词。此处应该用名词performance(表现)作动词make的宾语，构成现在分词短语，故填performance。‎ ‎[答案]　performance ‎2．[解析]　考查连词。句意：因为“中国制造2025”战略有助于提高生产率和收入，预计今年中国工业产值将增长6.5%左右，这是自2010以来的最佳表现。前后是因果关系，故填as/because。‎ ‎[答案]　as/because ‎3．[解析]　考查形容词比较级。句意：这个增幅比目标增长率高0.5个百分点。句中有than，表比较，所以要用比较级higher，故填higher。‎ ‎[答案]　higher ‎4．[解析]　考查过去分词。句意：这个增幅比目标增长率高0.5个百分点，部分是受传统企业增加使用新技术的驱使。此处使用过去分词driven作状语，与主语The increase是被动关系，故填driven。‎ ‎[答案]　driven ‎5．[解析]　考查介词。句意：多亏了“中国制造2025”战略，全国工业经济保持稳健增长。thanks to为固定短语，意为“幸亏了……，由于……”，故填to。‎ ‎[答案]　to ‎6．[解析]　考查冠词。此处特指“互联网”，所以加定冠词the，故填the。‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎7．[解析]　考查不定式。句意：该部还预测，明年中国的工业产值可能会增长6%左右。be likely to do sth.，为固定搭配，意为“可能做某事”。所以要接不定式to grow。‎ ‎[答案]　to grow ‎8．[解析]　考查现在分词。这是with的复合结构：with＋宾语＋现在分词作状语，此处动词increase与宾语revenue(税收)是主动关系，意思是“随着税收的不断增长”，故填increasing。‎ ‎[答案]　increasing ‎9．[解析]　考查介词。句意：国家还将公布关于促进数字经济发展的政策。此处用介词on，意思是“关于”，故填on。‎ ‎[答案]　on ‎10．[解析]　考查副词。句意：数据显示，去年全国经济总量达22.58万亿元，居全球第二位，约占国内生产总值的30%。此处用副词globally(全球地)作状语，修饰现在分词ranking，故填globally。‎ ‎[答案]　globally Ⅱ.短文改错 A ‎(2019·黑龙江大庆实验中学开学考试)We have lived in the house for ten years, so the kitchen is the heart of our home. For us, the kitchen is where holds special sounds, smells and ‎ memories. We enjoy the sound of my grandmother sings old songs coming from her childhood as she cooks. Every week he prepares a delicious meal to us. We often sit in the kitchen talking while we waited for the food to be ready. It may seem like a special place to someone else, but when I am in low spirit, it warms me like a big blanket on a winter morning. Before the school, we say goodbye to our parents and hug them cheerful when we get home.‎ ‎[答案]　‎ We have lived in the house for ten years, the kitchen is the heart of our home. For us, the kitchen is holds special sounds, smells and memories. We enjoy the sound of my grandmother old songs coming from her childhood as she cooks. Every week prepares a delicious meal us. We often sit in the kitchen talking while we for the food to be ready. It may seem like a special place to someone else, but when I am in low ， it warms me like a big blanket on a winter morning. Before school, we say goodbye to our parents and hug them when we get home.‎ B ‎(2019·宁夏石嘴市第三中学模拟)Last Sunday, I accompanied two of my foreign friends, Tom or Mary, around Chengdu so that they could get a feeling of the amazed city. We began by touring Kuan Zhai Alley, that is known for its traditional Chinese architecture. I know the area very good so I acted as their tour guide. For lunch, I tried some Chengdu fried sauce noodles. Tom thought that they were in particularly delicious. Soon before lunch, we went to the Research Base of Giant Panda to pay a visit to the pandas. Both Mary and Tom fall in love with the lovely pandas. We finished off the day by going shopping, and they bought some paper cuts as souvenir. It was fantastic day and I hope they will come to Chengdu again.‎ ‎[答案]　‎ Last Sunday, I accompanied two of my foreign friends, Tom Mary, around Chengdu so that they could get a feeling of the city. We began by touring Kuan Zhai Alley, is known for its traditional Chinese architecture. I know the area very so I acted as their tour guide. For lunch, tried some Chengdu fried sauce noodles. Tom thought that they were particularly delicious. Soon lunch, we went to the Research Base of Giant Panda to pay a visit to the pandas. Both Mary and Tom in love with the lovely pandas. We finished off the day by going shopping, and they bought some paper cuts as . It was fantastic day and I hope they will come to Chengdu again.‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 ‎(2019·石家庄期中考试)My daughter Kelly is a cautious person. She needs to warm up to situations, and is hesitant to try new things. When with close friends, she becomes a leader who laughs loudly and chants，“Girls rule, boys drool”. But when that comfort zone is not around her, she is shy and nervous.‎ This has been challenging for me at times.“Shy”is not a word that I think has ever been used to describe me. But this has been a year of firsts for my girl that has filled her with a new sense of confidence. This year she moved to lap lane in swimming where she was preparing for a swim team. This year she learned to ride a bike without training wheels. And this year she completed her first kids ' triathlon(三项全能)．‎ On Saturday, with a thunderstorm coming soon and my son's birthday party later in the day, we all went out in the dark of the morning for Kelly to participate in her first triathlon. We practiced transitions from swim to bike to run with her, we got all the equipment she'd need, and we kept talking about the race. But as we waited the two hours for the older kids to finish before her turn, she held my leg a little harder and told me she loved me a few too many times. She was nervous but trying to keep it together.‎ And then it was her turn. From the second she jumped into the water, my heart soared. My daughter transformed into the most confident human being I had ever seen. She dominated that swim, crushed that bike ride and ran to the finish with the biggest smile on her face.‎ I can honestly say that I never felt so proud of someone in my entire life. It wasn't because she did a sport or anything like that. It was because she was afraid of something and _conquered that fear with confidence and a fire I hadn't seen before.‎ All day I would find myself just looking over at her and smiling. She might be. Wearing the finalist medal but I felt like I won that day. I won the chance to see my girl shine.‎ Shine on, sweet baby.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者的女儿Kelly是个慢热型的人，和陌生人在一起她会很紧张、害羞。后来，她勇敢地参加了铁人三项，并赢得了奖牌。‎ ‎1．What can we learn from Paragraph 3?‎ A．The race began in the early morning.‎ B．The whole family gave Kelly support.‎ C．Kelly was eager for her turn in the race.‎ D．Kelly prepared for her brother's birthday party.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。由第三段“We practiced transitions from swim to bike to run with her, we got all the equipment she'd need, and we kept talking about the race.”(我们和她一起练习从游泳到骑车再到跑步的过渡，我们买了她需要的所有设备，我们一直在谈论比赛。)可知作者全家都是在给Kelly支持，故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎2．Seeing Kelly's performance in the race, the author felt _________.‎ A．worried and hesitant B．anxious and uneasy C．excited and proud D．curious and concerned ‎[解析]　细节理解题。由第五段I can honestly say that I never felt so proud of someone in my entire life.(我可以诚实地说，在我的一生中，我从未为某个人感到如此自豪。)可知看到Kelly在比赛中的表现，作者感到兴奋和自豪，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎3．In Paragraph 5, the underlined word“conquered”probably means _________.‎ A．to defeat someone especially in a competition B．to take control of an area and its people by force C．to become very popular or successful in a place D．to succeed in dealing with or control something ‎[解析]　词义猜测题。由上文“It was because she was afraid of something”(说那是因为她害怕一些东西)，推断出下文意思是她用我从未见过的自信和激情战胜了恐惧。“conquered”的意思是“成功地处理或控制某事”，故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎4．In the ending paragraphs the author“felt like I won that day”because Kelly _________.‎ A．expressed love to her B．overcame the fear C．won the gold medal D．took part in the sport ‎[解析]　细节理解题。由第五段“It was because she was afraid of something and _conquered that fear with confidence and a fire I hadn't seen before. (那是因为她害怕一些东西，并且用我从未见过的自信和激情战胜了恐惧。)”及第六段“Wearing the finalist medal but I felt like I won that day.”可知，她已经克服了她的恐惧了，故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B Ⅳ.七选五阅读填空 ‎(2019·河南新乡期中考试)Reading is a skill every person finds very useful. Learning how to read fluently will largely depend on your environment, lifestyle, studying skills and education.‎ Reading Materials To learn to read fast, you would have to surround yourself with relevant reading materials. Books, magazines and newspapers are good sources of reading, ____1____. Finding suitable materials is the first step to have a good reading experience.‎ ‎2____‎ Make reading a habit until it naturally becomes a part of your routine. You may use other reading materials such as brochures, charts, maps, restaurant menus, recipes and road signs. Reading more often aids in fluency because one gets familiar with the words.‎ Scan and Skim Get acquainted with study skills such as skimming and scanning. Look for keywords an brief information, so that you can get the gist or the main idea without going over the unnecessary details. Increase the rate of your eye movement when reading across a page. ____3____.‎ Word Lists Arm yourself with a list of commonly used words. We come across these words every day, regardless of their meanings or functions. When you get acquainted with these words in print, it ‎ will be easier for you to read fluently, ____4____. Once you comprehend these words, the whole reading process will flow smoothly.‎ ‎5____. So it's necessary for you to make a change if you are stuck in that situation. Pay attention to your material. Be mindful of your purpose as you read. All you need is selfdiscipline, focus and some research. When you stay focused on something, you will be able to master the objective.‎ A．Read widely B．Practice reading skills C．Do not stay long on a word D．Spend time in writing the main idea E．They also help master the meanings of unfamiliar words F．Most people read slowly because they don't focus enough G．They help promote a familiar reading atmosphere and help you read 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种提高阅读能力的方法。‎ ‎1．[解析]　上一句提到了“Books, magazines and newspapers are good sources of reading(书、杂志和报纸是很好的阅读资源)”，承接上文，G项“他们有助于促成一种熟悉的阅读环境来帮助你阅读”切题。且选项中的They对应上文的Books, magazines and newspapers。故选G。‎ ‎[答案]　G ‎2．[解析]　由“You may use other reading materials such as brochures, charts, maps, restaurant menus, recipes and road signs.(你可以使用其他的阅读材料，如小册子、图表、地图、餐馆菜单、食谱和路标。)”可知，本段指出了阅读材料要多种多样，即广泛地阅读，故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎3．[解析]　由上文“Look for keywords an brief information, so that you can get the gist or the main idea without going over the unnecessary details.(寻找关键字，一个简短的信息，这样你就可以抓住要点或主要思想，而不需要反复看不必要的细节。)”可推知要把握主要内容，就不要在字词上花太多时间，停留太久。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎4．[解析]　上文“When you get acquainted with these words in print, it will be easier for you to read fluently(当你熟悉了这些打印的单词，流畅地阅读对你来说会更容易)”与E项“他们也会帮助你掌握这些不熟悉单词的意义”两者都是论述了单词表的好处，衔接合理。E项中的they对应上文的these words。故选E。‎ ‎[答案]　E ‎5．[解析]　本段主要论述了阅读时专注力的重要性。F选项“大多数人阅读慢是因为他们不够专注”与下文的Pay attention to your material“专注你的材料”；Be mindful of your purpose as you read“阅读时注意你的目的”强调专注的重要性，形成呼应。故选F。‎ ‎[答案]　F