【英语】2018届二轮复习介词典题演练讲练结合训练学案（9页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习介词典题演练讲练结合训练学案（9页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习 介词典题演练讲练结合训练 单句语法填空 ‎1. The only reason a man would sell salt _________ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect _________ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it. ‎ ‎2. A serious study of physics is impossible _________ some knowledge of mathematics. ‎ ‎3. ___ behalf of everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country. ‎ ‎4. 100℃ is the temperature _________ which water will boil. ‎ ‎5. Do you think this shirt is too tight _________ the shoulders? ‎ ‎6. _________ passion, people won’t have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking. ‎ ‎7. You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be _________ life. ‎ ‎8. Nothing is so easy as _________ parents to raise their expectations of their children too high. ‎ ‎9. The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place _________ the main road at the far end of the lake. ‎ ‎10. I didn’t like leaving him _________ his own, either. ‎ ‎11. The new boy looked at the teacher _________ a few seconds. ‎ ‎12. The young man went home _________ a happy heart. ‎ ‎13.She found some good quality pipes _________ sale. ‎ ‎14. Her parents were already _________ table having supper. ‎ ‎(一)方位介词图解 ‎(二) above, over, on, below, under, beneath详解 ‎1)Be careful, there is a heavy box over your head. ‎ ‎2)The sun is above the mountain in the east. ‎ ‎3)There are some stamps on the desk. ‎ ‎4)The position he pointed to was below the sea level. ‎ ‎5)The little mouse is under the table, so it is not easy to find it. ‎ ‎(三) across, over, through, past详解 ‎1. across从平面上横越；2. over从上方跨越；3. through从空间穿越；4. past从旁边经过。‎ ‎1)The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys, till at last it reaches the sea. ‎ ‎2)The crowd of people walked past the City Hall to the Center Square. ‎ at表示时间点, 午夜黄昏黎明也相连 at dawn, at daybreak在黎明时候, at noon在中午, at night在夜间, at midnight在午夜, at six o’clock在6点钟, at 7: 30(seven thirty)在7点半, at half past eleven在11点半, at nine fifteen在9点15分, at ten thirty a. m. 在上午10点30分, at the weekend在周末 at也在时分前, “差”时用to“过”用past at 8: 00 in the morning早上八点, at 4: 00 in the afternoon下午四点, two to seven七点差两分, a quarter to eight七点四十五分, eleven past seven七点十一分, half past nine九点半 午日晚上in常用, 具体某日in变on, early, late变回来 in the morning在早上, in the afternoon在下午, in the evening在晚上, ‎ in the day在白天, on a cold(winter)evening在一个寒冷(冬天)的晚上, on Wednesday afternoon在星期三下午, on the morning of March 8th在3月8日上午, in the early morning在清晨, in the late afternoon在下午很晚的时候 tomorrow, yesterday或morning, afternoon, evening前有this, that, next, last, one等代词、数词修饰时, 不用介词。this morning今天早上, one afternoon一天下午 ‎3 其他介词beyond超出, 无, 不能 It’s quite beyond me. (It is more than I can understand. )这我完全不懂。‎ Don’t stay out beyond 10 o’clock. 不要在外面待到10点以后还不回家。‎ against靠着, 对与反对 She leaned wearily against the railings. 她疲惫地靠着栏杆站着。(靠着)‎ A new president was elected by a majority of 274 votes against 110. ‎ 新总统以274票对110票的多数当选。(对……)‎ We are totally against the plan. 我们完全反对这个计划。(反对)‎ 同类比较except, 加for异类记心间 He gets up early every day except Sunday. 除星期日外他每天早起。‎ She was all alone in the world except for an old aunt. ‎ 除了有一个老姑妈, 在这个世界上她别无亲人。‎ His composition is good, except for some spelling mistakes. 他的这篇作文写得很好, 只是有几处拼写错误。(非同类比较用except for)‎ 阳光, 灯, 影, 衣, 冒雨in Don’t read in dim light. 切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。‎ They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light. 他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。‎ They are sitting in the shade of a tree. 他们坐在树荫下乘凉。‎ 将来时态in. . . 以后 They will come back in 10 days. 他们将10天以后回来。‎ Come and see me in two days’time. 两天后来看我。(从现在开始)‎ after. . . (从过去开始)‎ 有形with无形in, 方式、手段就用by, 语言, 单位, 材料in The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen. 这位教师正用一支新钢笔批改论文。(有形)‎ The students are writing in ink. 学生用墨水写。(无形)‎ She has improved her English by reading a lot. 她通过大量阅读提高了英语(水平)(表示方式、手段、方法)‎ I really can’t express my idea in English freely indeed. ‎ 我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。(表示某种语言用in)‎ The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system. ‎ 千米是米制中最大的长度单位。(表示度量衡单位的用in)‎ This board was cast in bronze not in gold. ‎ 这个牌匾是铜铸的, 不是金铸的。特征、方面与方式心情成语惯用in ‎ They found the patient in a coma. 他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。‎ He has not been in good health for some years. 他几年来身体一直不好。‎ in jest诙谐地, in joke开玩笑地, in fairness公正地, in revenge报复, in mercy宽大, in sorrow伤心地 介词at、to表方向, 攻击, 位置, 善, 恶分 She came at me. 她向我扑过来。She came to me. 她向我走过来。‎ She threw a bone at the dog. 她用一块骨头砸狗。She threw a bone to the dog. 她把一块骨头扔给狗吃。‎ ‎4 常考的介词短语(一)归类记忆 ‎1. be on show/display/play/sale/strike/duty/trial ‎2. be of value/importance/use/no use/color/age/size/height/weight/significance ‎ ‎3. to one’s joy/surprise/pleasure/astonishment/sorrow/delight ‎ ‎4. in surprise/wonder/alarm/terror/horror/delight ‎5. by air/bicycle/boat/bus/car/letter/post/plane/telephone/train/wire ‎ ‎6. at daybreak/sunrise/dawn/noon/ dark/night ‎ ‎7. out of breath/control/question/sight ‎8.in fact/reality/substance/nature/practice/theory/short/brief/aword/detail/all/full/time/fashion/existence/turn/vain/haste/appearance/common/sum/general/particular/public/secret/order/part/power/stock/case/bed/future/name/ addition/sight ‎9.on duty/shift/holiday/leave/business/purpose/time/sale/show/board/hand/record/request/earth/farm/principle/average ‎10.for example/instance/all/good/nothing/convenience/short/fear/sale ‎11. by weight ( volume, size, number. . . )/profession/definition/rule/turn/chance/ accident/mistake/hand/train(bus,taxi,ship,boat. . )/air/land/force/day/nature/sight ‎12.at most/least/best/worst/once/first/last/home/school/will/work/night/midnight/daybreak/dawn/present/length/large ‎13. as above/below/following/over/usual/before/a matter of fact ‎14. above all/measure/normal ‎ ‎15. before all/long/time/now/then ‎ ‎16. after all/class/school ‎17. out of action/order/condition/use/operation/step/joint/repair/ gear/balance/‎ range/doubt/date/danger/hand/shape/place/question/stock ‎18. with caution/interest/difficulty/ease/advantage/effect/reason/vigor/reserve/‎ success/confidence ‎19. beyond comprehension/conception/description/expression/doubt/control/reach/‎ power/measure/ grasp/compare/controversy/dispute/hope/example ‎20. under age/discussion/test/way/repair ‎ ‎(二)组合记忆1. 由两个词组成的复合介词 ‎(1)以of结尾 ahead of, aside of, because of, east of, west of, instead of, short of, lack of, regardless of ‎(2)以to结尾 according to, as to, counter to, due to, owing to, next to, previous to, prior to, relative to, subject to, subsequent to, thanks to ‎ ‎(3)以with结尾 along with, together with ‎ ‎(4)以for结尾 as for, but for, except for, save for ‎ ‎(5)以from开头from above, from below, from among, from between, from beneath, from behind, from over ‎2. 由三个或四个词组成的复合介词 ‎(1)以in开头 in addition to, in advance of, in agreement with, in case of, in charge of, in comparison with, in consequence of, in consideration of, in (the) course of, in contrast with, in the face of, in favor of, in front of, in honor of, in (the) light of, in the middle of, in the name of, in need of, in obedience to, in opposition to, in place of, in preference to, in (the) process of， in regard to, in reply to, in respect of ‎ ‎(2)以by开头 by means of, by order of, by reason of, by virtue of, by way of ‎(3)以at开头 at the beginning of, at the cost of, at the end of, at the hands of, at mercy of, at the point of, at the risk of ‎(4)以with开头 with an eye to, with the exception of, with the purpose of, with reference to, with regard to, with respect to, with a view to, with the view of ‎(5)以for开头 for the benefit of, for fear of, for lack of, for the good of, for the sake of ‎(6)以under开头 under cover of, under pain of, under the present of ‎(7)以on开头 on account of, on behalf of, on the occasion of, on the part of, on the point of, on top of ‎(三)动词+介词短语 ‎1. 以break为中心的词组2. 以catch为中心的词组3. 以come为中心的词组4. 以do为中心的词组 5. 以get为中心的词组6.‎ ‎ 以give为中心的词组7. 以look为中心的词组8. 以make为中心的词组 9. 以put为中心的词组10. 以take为中心的词组 11. 以turn为中心的词组 ‎(四)形容词+介词短语 ‎1. “be+形容词+for”结构2. “be+形容词+from”结构3. “be+形容词+in”结构4. “be+形容词+of”结构5. “be+形容词+to”结构6. “be+形容词+with”结构7. “in+其他词+of”结构 用适当的介词或介词短语填空。‎ ‎1. The Smiths are praised _________ the way they bring up their children. ‎ ‎2. I have an appointment _________ Dr. Smith, but I need to change it. ‎ ‎3. It was a real race _________ time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it. ‎ ‎4.This shop will be closed for repairs _________ further notice. ‎ ‎5. Nick, it’s good for you to read some books _________ China before you start your trip there. ‎ ‎6.With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken _________ color. ‎ ‎7.He was a good student and scored _________ average in most subjects. ‎ ‎8.I always wanted to do the job which I’d been trained _________. ‎ ‎9. Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek _________ food safety problem. ‎ ‎10. I’m sorry I didn’t phone you, but I’ve been very busy _________ the past couple of weeks. ‎ ‎11. Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read _________ the library. ‎ ‎12. The form cannot be signed by anyone _________ yourself. ‎ ‎13. ___ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes. ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案及简析 ‎1. for, praise sb. for. . . 因为……表扬某人2. with, have an appointment with sb. 和某人约会3. against, a race against time与时间的赛跑4. until, 一直到 5. on/about, 关于6. in，以彩色的形式7. above，在……以上 8. for, train for the job为……培训9. to，the answers to. . . problem，问题的答案10. for, 一段时间 11. from, 从……借来的12. other than, 除……之外，没有13. Apart from, 除……之外，还有 ‎1. The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, _________ little foreign ownership. ‎ ‎2. —How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space! ‎ ‎—It’s a challenge, I guess, _________ man against nature. ‎ ‎3. Most Americans would prefer to keep their problems _________ themselves, and solve their problems _________ themselves. ‎ ‎4. The house I grew up _________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. ‎ ‎5. Everybody was touched _________ words after they heard her moving story. ‎ ‎6. It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot _________ easy reach. ‎ ‎7. He invited me to a dance after the show _________ Christmas Eve. ‎ ‎8. Four Chinese models were _________ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition. ‎ ‎9. A great person is always putting others’ interests _________ his own. ‎ ‎10. Try on this red skirt; you will look great _________ it. ‎ 参考答案：1. with, 有一点外资 2. of, 有违本性的挑战3. to, 把问题留给自己, by, 自己解决问题4. in， 在这间屋子里长大 5. beyond, 感动得说不出话来6. within, 在够得着的范围内7. on, 在圣诞前夕8. among, 在14人当中 9. above, 高于自己的利益 10. in, 穿着红短裙 Ⅱ. 用适当的介词补全短文 ‎ “Can’t hold a candle to” is a popular expression. It is 1. _________ the time before electricity, when people used candles 2. _________ light. Someone who lived in a big house would have a servant light his way 3. _________ holding a candle. The expression meant that the person who cannot hold a candle 4. _________ you is not fit even to be your servant. Now, it means such a person cannot compare or compete. 5. _________ the following song. Singer Dolly Parton tells her new love that her old flames, her old lovers, cannot compare 6. _________ him. ‎ ‎ The expression “hold up” has several different meanings. One is a robbery. A man 7. _________ a gun may say, “This is a hold up. Give me your money. ” Another meaning is to delay. A driver late 8. _________ work may tell his boss, “I was held up 9. _________ heavy traffic. ” Someone who was robbed 10. _________ the way to work might say, “Sorry, boss, I was held up 11. _________ a hold-up. ”‎ ‎ Our final expression is“hold the line”. That means to keep a problem or situation 12. _________ getting worse, to hold steady. 13. _________ example, the president may say he will hold the line on taxes. He means there will be no increase 14. _________ taxes. Now, I must hold the line 15. _________this program. I have no more time left today. ‎ 参考答案: 1. from the time 从……开始2. used candles for light 把……用来3. by holding a candle 用……方式4. hold a candle to you 为…… 5. In the following song 在……中6. compare with him 把……与……相比7. with a gun拿着8. late for work对……而言9. by heavy traffic 被，因10. on the way 在……的途中11. by a hold-up被，因12. keep. . . from getting worse 防止，以免13. For example 例如14. in taxes 在……方面15. on this program 关于 ‎ ‎1.at,for。2. without 3. On4. at 5. across, 6. Without, 7. for, for life终生8. for, for sb. 对某人来说 9. off10. on, on one’s own 独自地11. for, 一段时间12. with，怀着13. on, on sale出售 14. at, at table在吃饭