初中8年级英语教案：第11讲 情态动词学习

初中8年级英语教案：第11讲 情态动词学习

辅导教案 学员姓名： 学科教师：‎ 年 级： 高二 辅导科目：英语 ‎ 授课日期 ‎××年××月××日 时 间 A / B / C / D / E / F段 主 题 情态动词学习 教学内容 ‎（本次课的重点、难点以及达到怎样的情感目标）‎ ‎1．了解情态动词的基本用法，掌握常考考点；‎ ‎2. 能在具体的语境中灵活运用情态动词。‎ 教学建议：‎ 1. 此部分旨在让学生了解情态动词can在不同语境下的不同意义；‎ 2. 先让学生看对话，然后说出自己对这一对话的理解；‎ 3. 通过can这个情态动词引出本课的专题—情态动词。小故事也说明了情态动词随便使用时会闹笑话的，所以要清楚它们具体的使用语境。 ‎ 情态动词小笑话 一个美国教授在上课，有个学生问道:‎ ‎“Can I go to the bathroom？”‎ 教授回答: ‎ ‎“I don't know. You must know if you can go to the ‎ bathroom.”‎ ‎（这里学生想表达的意思很明显：我能去上厕所吗？教授当然也明白他的意思，只是故意逗他玩的．Can也有表示"人具有某种能力"，比如上厕所的能力。所以教授说 “我不知道（你有没有这个能力），你自己应该知道你有没有能力上厕所。”其实跟人提请求用can是不太礼貌的，最好是说Could/May I或者Would you mind...等等，这也是教授跟他开玩笑的原因。）‎ 教学建议： ‎ 1. 此部分内容较多，建议老师根据学生的程度选择使用；‎ 2. 对于程度中等及偏上的学生可采用以教带学的方式，每个学生负责一个知识点进行讲解，辅以对应的练习来检测学生掌握情况，对于学生错误较多之处老师进行重点讲解和拓展；‎ ‎3. 对于程度中等以下的学生，老师需要对没一个考点逐一进行讲解；‎ ‎4. 较简单的课堂练习可以采取边做边讲或者现场提问的形式以节约课堂时间。‎ 情态动词 i. can could ‎1. 基本用法 ‎ 1)表示能力 ‎ 2)表示许可 ‎ ‎ 3)表示可能性 ‎ 4)表示推测，can常用于否定句中 ‎2. 实际运用中须注意的问题 ‎ 1)表示对现在或将来情况的推测时，用can-t /couldn't+do或can-t /couldn't be +doing，其肯定式分别为：must be/ may (might) be，或must be doing/ may (might) be doing。‎ ‎ 2)表示对过去的否定猜测时，结构为：can't/couldn't have done。肯定式分别为：must have done或may／might have done。‎ ‎ 3) can和be able to的用法之区别：‎ ‎ a. 当表示一般能力时候can和be able to可以互换使用；‎ ‎ b. 当表示过去某个时候设法或者成功做了某事时只能用was/ were able to而不能用could。‎ ‎ 4)“as+形容词十as+同一形容词+can be”意为“到……极点”。‎ ‎ 5) cannot but do表示“只有”。‎ ‎ 6) can’t help/choose but do sth. 意为“不得不做某事”。can’t help (to) do sth.意为“不能帮助做某事”。‎ ‎ can’t help doing sth意为“情不自禁做某事”。‎ ‎ 7) can't be/ do+too = can never be/ do+too意为“无论……都不过分”。‎ ‎ 8) can/could do with/without sth意为“有/没有……就行了/可以凑合了”。‎ ‎ 9) could have done用于肯定句，表示对过去的一种推测“可能已经”或责备“本来可以”；否定句中，常常表示从现在看过去不可能发生的事情。‎ 专项练习 ‎1. —Can I get you a cup of tea?‎ ‎ — .‎ A. That's very nice of you B. With pleasure C. You can, please D. Thank you for the tea ‎2. —I don't think Professor Jones meant to be funny this morning, do you? —No, although I couldn't help at some of his remarks.‎ A. from laughing B. to have laughed C. but laugh D. to laugh ‎3. Michael be a policeman, for he's much too short.‎ A. needn't B. can't C. shouldn't D. may ‎4. —Will you stay for lunch?‎ ‎—Sorry. . My brother is coming to see me.‎ A. I mustn't B. I can't C. I needn't D. I won't ‎5. —I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut in and knocked me down. —You can never be careful in the street.‎ A. much B. very C. so D. too Keys: 1‎-5 ‎A C B B D ii. may, might ‎1. may ‎1)表示许可，用于正式场合。‎ ‎ 2) May I／we…？用来表示请求。‎ ‎ 3)表示推测，可能发生某事，“也许，可能，大概”；may not表示“可能不”，can’t则表示“不可能”。‎ ‎ 4)表示祝愿，意为“但愿，愿”。‎ ‎ 5)用于目的／让步的状语从句中，表示可以或可能。‎ ‎ 6) may] might as well表示强烈的意愿，意为“还是……的好；最好，不妨”。‎ ‎ 7) may well意为“很可能，确实有可能”。‎ ‎ 8) may do well to do意为“尽力做某事”。‎ ‎ 9) may have done表示对过去的把握不大的肯定推测，意为“或许”。‎ ‎2. might ‎ 1) Might I...？表示更加礼貌的请求。‎ ‎ 2)表示把握不大的可能性。‎ ‎ 3) might have done表示对过去把握不大的推测，或者表示责备。‎ ‎ 4) might as well do sth. = may as well do sth.意为“不妨，还是……的好，最好”。‎ ‎ 5) might well do sth. =may well do sth.意为“可能”。‎ ‎ 6) might have done用于虚拟语气。‎ 专项练习 ‎1. prosperous and strong!‎ A. Let your country become B. Hope your country become C. May your country become D. You country it becoming ‎2. Peter come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.‎ A. must B. may C. can D. will ‎3. —Ann, I have some more cake?‎ ‎—Certainly, help yourself.‎ A. need B. must C. will D. may ‎4. —Excuse me, I ask you a question?‎ ‎—Yes, please.‎ A. must B. need C. may D. would ‎5. Since she is angry, we her alone.‎ A. had better leaving B. should leave C. might as well leave D. had rather leave Keys: 1‎-5 ‎C B D C C iii. must, have to, have got to ‎1. must ‎1)表示“必须”时，must强调主观，have to强调客观。‎ ‎ 2)否定式mustn’t意为“不可以”表示禁止；must的疑问句通常用needn't回答，而不用mustn't。‎ ‎ 3)must意为“一定”表示有把握的肯定推测；其否定推测是can't意为“一定不”。‎ ‎ 4) must have done表示对过去情况有把握的肯定推测；其否定式为can't have done sth.‎ ‎ 5) must表示推测时的反意疑问句 ‎ a. 对现在推测，若陈述部分是must be，用isn't/ aren't反问；若陈述部分是“must+其他动词”，用doesn't/ don’t反问。‎ ‎ b. 对过去推测，若带有过去时间状语，陈述部分是must have been，用wasn't/ weren't反问；陈述部分是“must have+其他动词的过去分词”，用didn't；若没有过去时间状语，或者是现在完成时的时间状语，不管陈述部分是must have been还是“must have+其他动词的过去分词”，都用hasn't/ haven't反问。‎ ‎2. have to (Am. E)＝have got to (Bri. E)强调客观，意为“不得不”。‎ 专项练习 ‎1. Where is my pen? I it.‎ A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost ‎2. The house is dark and quiet, so the Browns have gone to bed.‎ A. must B. should C. ought D. would ‎3. —Must we do it now? —No, you .‎ A. needn't B. mustn't C. won't D. shouldn't ‎4. —Must we take a bus?‎ ‎—No, you . You can walk from here.‎ A. must not B. don't must C. don't have to D. had better not to ‎5. —May I stop working a little earlier tonight? —No, you .‎ A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. don't Keys: 1-5 DA AC B iv. Shall, should, ought to ‎1. shall ‎ 1)用于第一人称的肯定句和否定句，构成将来时，单纯表示未来动作。‎ ‎ 2)疑问句中用于第一、三人称，表示向对方征求意见或向对方请求。‎ ‎ 3)陈述句中用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人的一种情感、意志如命令、允许、决心、警告、威胁等，或者法律规章的规定。‎ ‎2. should ‎ 1) should可用作shall的过去式。只适用于直接引语变成间接引语，构成过去将来时。‎ ‎ 2)表示应该做，而且有一种道义上的责任。也可表示估计或推测。‎ ‎ 3)构成虚拟语气。‎ ‎4)在一“坚持”(insist)，二“命令”(order，command)，三“建议”(advise，suggest，propose)，四“要求”(ask，demand require，request)等动词后接的宾语从句中和名词后接的表语从句及同位语从句中，用“should+动词原形（should经常省略）”。‎ ‎5) should可表示“万一”，用于if引导的非真实条件句中，虚拟语气表示对将来的事情的猜测。‎ ‎6)表示惊异、赞叹、不满意等情绪、比较难以相信或不应该发生的事情。‎ ‎7) 用在“It is+形容词(natural necessary，important， essential， right， impossible，strange) +that+…should+do”结构中，表示理所当然（奇怪，必要，惊异等）。‎ ‎8)构成合成谓语，表示“应该，应当”。‎ ‎9) should be doing表示推测“应该正在”，但实际没有。‎ ‎10) should have done表示过去应该做某事而实际没做，相当于be to have done/ought to have done/be supposed to have done。‎ ‎11) shouldn’t have done表示过去不该做某事而实际上做了某事。‎ ‎3. ought to ‎ 1)表示推测、估计、可能性。‎ ‎ 2)表示责任、义务。‎ ‎ 3) ought to have done=should have done表示本该做某事而没有做。‎ ‎ 4) ought to be doing＝should be doing表示现在应该正在做某事。‎ ‎ 5) oughtn't have done= shouldn-t have done表示本不该做某事而做了。‎ ‎ 6) should表示“应该”，相当于ought to，但是should多用来谈自己的主观看法；ought to用来表示客观看法，即根据法律、义务和规定来谈论“应该或者不应该”。‎ 专项练习 ‎1. My sister here by now, for she took the early train.‎ A. must arrive B. can arrive C. may arrive D. ought to have arrived ‎2. You went to the wrong shop. You ought to the shop next to the cinema, but you went to the shop by the Post Office.‎ A. go B. to go C. have gone D. to have gone ‎3. Tom ought not to me your secret, but he meant no harm.‎ A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told ‎4. There be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.‎ A. mustn't B. shan't C. shouldn't D. needn't ‎5. Mr White at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn't show up.‎ A. should have arrived B. should arrive C. should have had arrived D. should arrive Keys: 1-5 DDACA v. Will, would ‎1. will ‎1)构成纯粹的一般将来时，表示未来的动作。‎ ‎ 2)用于各个人称，表示意愿和决心、意志。‎ ‎ 3)用于第二人称疑问句表示请求。‎ ‎ 4)表示习惯、倾向，意为“总是，老是”。‎ ‎5)表示规律，此时will do可直接用一般现在时代替。‎ ‎6)表推测、猜测。意为“想必是，一定是”。‎ ‎7)用于条件句中表示意愿或者礼貌的请求。‎ ‎8) won’t用于无生命体，表示拟人化的“意愿”。‎ ‎9)用于反意疑问句中。‎ ‎10)表示命令、叮嘱、规定。意为“必须，一定要”。‎ ‎2. would ‎1)构成过去将来时。‎ ‎2)表示过去习惯性的动作，只表示对过去的回忆，不与现在对比，而used to则表示与现在对比而言，过去常做某事，而现在不做此事。‎ ‎3)表示执意、坚持。‎ ‎4)用于虚拟语气中。‎ ‎5)表示委婉的猜测、推测，意思是“想必是……”。‎ ‎6) Would you…？表示有礼貌的请求。‎ ‎7) Would like sth／to do sth.意为“想做某事”。‎ ‎8) Would rather do sth.意为“宁愿做某事”。‎ ‎9) Would rather sb.did sth.意为“宁愿让某人做某事。”‎ ‎10) Would rather do sth.than do sth.else.意为“宁愿做某事也不愿做另一件事”。‎ ‎11) Woulcl prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.意为“更愿意做某事而不愿意做另一件事。”‎ 专项练习 ‎1. —Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.‎ ‎ — .‎ A. I don't B. I won't C. I can't D. I haven't ‎2. Johnny, you play with the knife, you hurt yourself.‎ A. won't; can't B. mustn't; may C. shouldn't; must D. can't; shouldn't ‎3. Oil and water mix.‎ A. is not going to B. will not C. is not to D. should not ‎4. Let me go with you, ?‎ A. will you B. shall we C. don't you D. don't we ‎5. When he was there, he go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.‎ A. would B. should C. had better D. might Keys: 1-5 B B B A A vi. dare ‎1. dare作情态动词 ‎ 1) dare作情态动词与动词原形连用。‎ ‎ 2) dare没有人称和数的区别。‎ ‎ 3)多用于疑问句和否定句。‎ ‎ 4)只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。‎ ‎ 5) dare也有过去式dared，否定式dared not。‎ ‎2. dare作实意动词 ‎ 1) dare作及物动词，可用于各种句子，如肯定句、否定句和疑问句等，而且有人称、时态和数的变化。‎ ‎2) dare后接带to的不定式。‎ ‎3)用于否定句时，后接的不定式经常省去to.。‎ ‎4)常用于疑问句，或作非谓语动词。‎ 专项练习 ‎1. He his parents about his failure in the exam.‎ A. dares not tell B. dare not tell C. dares not to tell D. dare not telling ‎ ‎2. you it again?‎ A. Do ... dare to touching B. Dare ... to touch C. Do ... dare touching D. Dare . . . touch ‎3. The snake hasn't bitten me yet but I daren't to upset it.‎ A. to do a thing B. do anything C. to do something D. do nothing ‎4. The little girl go downstairs alone when her parents are out.‎ A. dares not to B. dares not C. dare not to D. dare not ‎5. Being a little girl, she go there alone.‎ A. does not to B. does not dare C. dares D. dare not Keys: 1-5 BDBDD vii. need ‎1. 用作情态动词 ‎ 1) need作情态动词后接动词原形。‎ ‎ 2)没有人称和数的变化。‎ ‎ 3)多用于疑问句和否定句中。‎ ‎ 4) needn't have done表示过去没有必要做某事而实际上已经做了。‎ ‎ 5) need疑问句，其回答与must疑问句的回答一样，用needn't回答。‎ ‎2. need作实意动词 ‎ 1)后可接名词或代词。‎ ‎ 2)后可接不定式。‎ ‎ 3)后可接动名词，这时动名词与主语构成被动关系need doing= need to be done。‎ ‎ 4)后可接复合宾语。‎ 专项练习 ‎1. You pay the money, but you do so at once.‎ A. needn't... must B. need... need C. must... must D. must... needn't ‎2. —Shall I tell John about it?‎ ‎—No, you . I've told him already.‎ A. needn't B. wouldn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't ‎3. There was plenty of time, she .‎ A. mustn't have hurried B. couldn't have hurried C. must not hurry D. needn't have hurried ‎4. You don't need for his permission every time you want to leave the room.‎ A. to ask B. ask C. asking D. being asked ‎5. —Must I write down the new words now?‎ ‎—No, you .‎ A. needn't B. may not C. mustn't D. can't Keys: 1-5 DAD A A viii. 情态动词表示推测 ‎1. 几乎所有的情态动词都可以用来表示推测，只是各自的语气强弱和所使用的场合不同。‎ ‎2. 情态动词表示推测其可能性由低到高的排序为：‎ Might→ may→ could→ can→ should→ oughtto→ would→ will→ must = will certainly 注意：‎ ‎1) might, may表示对具体情况把握不大的推测。 ‎ ‎2) could，can多用于疑问和否定句中表示推测。‎ ‎3) must仅用于肯定句中，表示十分有把握的推测。‎ ‎4) should可以表示按照常理推测所得出的结论，意为“理应”。‎ ‎5) will表示按照逻辑推理势必会发生的事情。‎ ‎3. 情态动词表示推测的时态变化为：‎ 一般式 进行式 完成式 Might/ May/ Must,‎ Might not/ May not,‎ Couldn't/ Can't be/ do ‎ (现在推测)‎ be doing ‎(进行动作推测)‎ have done (如有具体的过去时间，则为对过去的推测)‎ ‎4. “can+动词原形”，表示对现在的推测，一般用于否定句和疑问句。‎ ‎5 . “could+动词原形”，表示对现在，也可以表示对过去的推测，可用于肯定句推测。‎ ‎6. “may+动词原形”，一般用于肯定句的推测。‎ ‎7. “might+动词原形”，表示的可能性比may小。‎ ‎8. “should+动词原形”，表示可能或期待；ought to所表示的可能性更大。‎ ‎9. “would，will+动词原形”，表示可能时，will可能性更大。‎ ‎10. “must+动词原形”，意为“一定，肯定”，只用于对现在有把握的肯定推测。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1)若表示有把握的否定推测用can't。‎ ‎2) must表示对现在的推测时，其反意疑问句陈述部分若是must be作谓语用isn't/ aren't反问，否则用don't/ doesn't反问。 ‎ 专项练习 ‎1. A computer think for itself; it must be told what to do.‎ A. can't B. couldn't C. may not D. might not ‎2. —The lecturer was a tall thin man with white hair.‎ ‎—Then it Dr. Fell because he is short and fat. It Dr. Jones; he is thin.‎ A. can't be... must be B. couldn't have been... might have been C. must be... can't be D. can't have been... must have been ‎3. There is no parking in front of the post office. You park here.‎ A. oughtn't B. can't C. didn't D. wouldn't ‎4. She be a good language teacher, but she can't be a language expert.‎ A. will B. can C. should D. is to ‎5. "This be hers. It be mine." He said firmly.‎ A. can't. . . may B. can't. . . must C. must not... can D. can't. . . can ‎6. Johnny, you play with the knife. You hurt yourself.‎ A. won't, can't B. mustn't, may C. shouldn't, must D. can't, shouldn't ‎7. Peter come with us tonight, but he isn't quite sure.‎ A. must B. may C. can D. will ‎8. Whatever your problems be, they can't be worse than mine.‎ A. will B. should C. may D. can ‎9. —Will the test be difficult?‎ ‎— I think it be easy enough for all of us to pass, but I'm not sure.‎ A. must B. can C. may D. will ‎10. —Will your brother stay at home tonight?‎ ‎—I'm not quite sure. He to see the film this evening.‎ A. may be going B. can go C. may go D. must go ‎11. Look at the clouds. It rain.‎ A. must B. is going to C. may D. will ‎12. You lead a horse to the water, but you not make it drink.‎ A. will. . . can B. may... can C. may. . . dare D. dare. .. can ‎13. —Do you think flight is delayed?‎ ‎—It be, especially in such weather.‎ A. would B. should C. might D. ought to ‎14. —Are you coming to Jeff's party?‎ ‎— I'm not sure. I go to the concert instead.‎ A. must B. would C. should D. might ‎15. Will you answer the phone? It be your mother.‎ A. might B. will C. shall D. need ‎16. Now that you've got a chance, you as well make full use of it.‎ A. can B. should C. need D. might ‎17. Since the flight has been cancelled because of the bad weather, we go by train.‎ A. ought to have B. had better to C. might as well D. would rather not ‎18. It's nearly seven o'clock, Jack be here at any moment.‎ A. must B. need C. should D. can ‎19. In case I , I would try again.‎ A. will fail B. would miss C. should fail D. shall miss ‎20. —That must be a mistake. —No, it a mistake.‎ A. must not be B. needn't C. can't be D. would not be Keys: 1-5 ADBBB 6-10 BBCCC 11-15 BBCD'A 16-20 DCCCC ix. “情态动词+完成式”表示对过去的推测 ‎1. “must十完成式”意为“一定，肯定，想必，准是”表示对过去情况进行有把握的肯定推测。注意其反意疑问句的反问形式：‎ ‎1)有表示过去的时间状语时，用一般过去式wasn't/ weren't或didn't进行反问。‎ ‎2)没有明确的过去时间状语时，用现在完成式进行反问。‎ ‎2. “can't/ couldn't+完成式”，表示对过去的情况进行否定推测。‎ ‎ 注意：“can+完成式”，一般只用于进行否定或疑问的推测。‎ ‎3. “may+完成式”只用于对过去发生的某件事情进行肯定推测。‎ ‎4. “might+完成式”与“may+完成式”，二者可互换，但是might所表示的可能性较小。might也表示对本来可能发生却未发生的情况感到不满或责备。‎ ‎5. “should／ought to+完成式”，意为“本应该”，可以表示以下两种含义：‎ ‎1)过去应该做而没有做到某事，抱有遗憾或进行责备。‎ ‎2)表示对现在应该完成的事情进行推测。‎ ‎6. “need+完成式”表示本来需要做某事而没有做某事。 “needn't+完成式”，表示本来不需要做某事却做了某事。‎ 专项练习 ‎1. —You didn't hear me until now.‎ ‎—No. I must soundly when you came in.‎ A. have been sleeping B. have slept C. be sleeping D. sleep ‎2. Her father thought that she a fairy.‎ A. must have met B. had to have met C. must meet D. must had met ‎3. He must have lost the key the day before yesterday, ?‎ A. must he B. hasn't he C. needn't he D. didn't he ‎4. They have gone out because the light is on.‎ A. mustn't B. can't C. may not D. isn't able to ‎5. We didn't see him at the lecture yesterday. He it.‎ A. oughtn't B. can't have attended C. couldn't attend D. needn't have attended ‎6. She is very careful. How she such a mistake the day before yesterday?‎ A. could... have made B. should ... have made C. could... has made D. can ... made ‎7. He is my good friend. I am sure that he ill of me that day.‎ A. couldn't have spoken B. mightn't have spoken C. must have spoken D. couldn't have to help ‎8. I was writing my report last Sunday. Otherwise, I you to the zoo.‎ A. would take B. took C. should take D. could have taken ‎9. —Have you found your book yet?‎ ‎—No, I'm not sure where I it.‎ A. must have left B. might leave C. could have left D. can leave ‎10. He the truth. Otherwise he might have known it was Tom who had taken his place.‎ A. should have been told B. shouldn't have been told C. couldn't have been told D. must have been told ‎11. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How it have been that he was late for the opening ceremony?‎ A. could B. should C. may D. must ‎12. —I stayed at a hotel while in New York.‎ ‎—Oh, did you? You with Barbara. .‎ A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed ‎13. He you more help, even though he was very busy.‎ A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give ‎14. —He was here yesterday, but no one has seen him since. —He an accident.‎ A. might have B. might have had C. can have D. mustn't have had ‎15. You were stupid to try climbing up there. You yourself.‎ A. might have killed B. should have killed C. must have killed D. can't have killed ‎16. The plant is dead. I it more water.‎ A. Will give B. would have given C. must give D. should have given ‎17. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I for her.‎ A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out ‎18. That young man has made so much noise that he not have been allowed to attend the concert.‎ A. could B. must C. would D. should ‎19. There was a lot of fun at yesterday's party. You come, but why didn't you?‎ A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have ‎20. I'm sorry. I to tell you I was coming.‎ A. ought to phone B. should phone C. need to phone D. ought to have phoned ‎21. We the letter yesterday, but it didn't arrive.‎ A. must receive B. ought to receive C. must have received D. ought to have received ‎22. When I got to the cinema, the film had already started; I there earlier.‎ A. ought to get B. ought to have got C. must have got D. must get ‎23. The old lady .‎ A. ought to apologize to B. ought to be apologized to C. ought apologize to D. ought be apologized to ‎24. You oughtn't to have helped him with his English, ?‎ A. won't you B. ought not you C. oughtn't you D. wouldn't you ‎25. Although he had made many mistakes in his composition, have laughed at him?‎ A. Oughtn't we B. Should we C. Oughtn't to we D. Ought to we ‎26. He didn't do well in the exam. He hard at his lessons.‎ A. must have worked B. ought to have worked C. would have worked D. has worked ‎27. —I didn't go to see a doctor yesterday. —But you .‎ A. ought to B. ought to go C. should D. ought to have ‎28. He began to write two hours ago. He have finished the article by now.‎ A. must B. ought to C. ought D. had to ‎29. One ought for what one hasn't done.‎ A. not to be punished B. to not be punished C. to not punished D. not be punished ‎30. He the meeting, so he stayed at home.‎ A. needn't have attended B. didn't need to attend C. didn't need attend D. needn't to have attended Keys: 1-5 AADBB 6-10 AADCC 11-15 AAABA ‎ ‎16-20 DCDDD 21-25 D B B C B 26-30 B D B A B 教学建议：‎ 1． 规定学生必须在20分钟内完成；‎ 2． 相互交换批改，表扬正确率最高的学生；‎ 3． 做对的学生给做错的学生讲题；‎ 4． 让每个学生简单总结一下错误原因及应该注意的问题。‎ A. Choose the best answer 1. (12年二模) ‎ ‎1. He started the work quite early this morning. By now he ___________ it, but he is still working on it.‎ ‎(12长宁二模)‎ A.should finish B.should have finished ‎ C. could finish D. must have finished ‎2. I _______ to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards. （12崇明二模）‎ A. needn’t have written B. might not have written ‎ C. couldn’t have written D. mustn’t have written ‎3. One of the few things you ______say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather. （12奉贤二模）‎ A. need B. must C. can D. should ‎4. -- Do you think Jack will lend us a hand?　‎ ‎-- He is the last one to help others. He ______ lend his hand, though．（12虹口二模）‎ A. can B. must C. might D. should ‎5. Walking alone in the quiet town, Helen thought she _____ have invited John to enjoy the peace together. （12黄浦二模）‎ A. can’t B. needn’t C. should D. might ‎ ‎6. Don’t swim out too far from shore or you _____ drown. （12静安、杨浦、青浦、宝山二模）‎ ‎ A. could B. are able to C. shall D. will ‎7. — May I smoke here?‎ ‎— If you ______ , that’s the smoking section over there. （12闵行二模）‎ A. should B. must C. may D. could ‎8. --- May I smoke here, Smith? ‎ ‎--- If you _______, choose a seat in the smoking section. （12浦东二模）‎ ‎ A. should B. could C. must D. may ‎9. --- I don't know why Denise started crying when I mentioned the wedding.‎ ‎--- It ______ what you said about her brother. Or, perhaps she is just nervous. （12徐汇、松江、金山二模）‎ A. should have been B. couldn’t have been ‎ C. could have been D. must have been ‎10. To any bridegroom, few occasions could be more annoying and embarrassing than struggling with the champagne cork(香槟瓶塞) that _________ pop out in front of all the guests at the wedding ceremony. （12闸北二模）‎ A. can't B. won't C. mustn't D. needn't ‎11. He gets about 500 yuan a month. How ________ he balance his family's outgoings with such a small income? （12杨浦二模）‎ A. could B. ought C. might D. would KEYS：1-5BACCC 6-10 ABCCB 11 A ‎ Choose the best answer 2. (12年一模) ‎ ‎1. I have promised that my daughter _______ get a new electronic dictionary on her next birthday. （12崇明区一模）‎ A. should B. must C. shall D. would ‎2. I advise you to stay away from Maria. Although she is usually easy-going, she ______ be quite annoying sometimes. （12奉贤区一模）‎ A. can B. need C. must D. should ‎3. Our parents and teachers often tell us that we _____ be careful enough no matter what we do. （12虹口区一模）‎ A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. needn’t ‎4. --- The telephone line to the headmaster is always busy.‎ ‎--- Someone _____ the telephone. （12黄浦区一模）‎ A. need use B. should have used ‎ C. must be using D. must use ‎5.In China, no other organization than the CPC.（人大） make any law. （12嘉定区一模）‎ A. will B. should C. shall D. must ‎6. You _______ have done all the calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of things. （12长宁区一模）‎ ‎ A. mustn't B. shouldn't C. can't D. needn't ‎7. I _________ the poor little rabbit, but I didn’t have any right drugs with me at that moment. （12金山区一模）‎ A. could have saved B. had saved ‎ C. could save D. saved ‎ ‎8. A very sharp increase some Fed officials to push for higher rates to restrain inflation. （12静安区一模）‎ A. need have persuaded B. might have persuaded C. must have been persuaded D. might have been persuaded ‎9. It’s important to talk about your problems with your friends or your parents and they ______ really help a lot. ‎ A. can B. must C. should D. need ‎10. — Are you coming to the party?（12闵行区一模）‎ ‎ — I’m not sure. I ______ go to the concert instead.‎ A. must B. might C. should D would ‎11. Life is full of ups and downs, but if you focus on the negative, it affect everything you do. （12浦东新区一模）‎ A. must B. dare C. should D. can ‎12. Who would you rather ________the report instead of you? （12普陀区一模）‎ A. have write B. have to write C. write D. have written ‎13. I didn’t see her in the conference room this morning. She ________ have done the presentation at the meeting. （12青浦区一模）‎ A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. needn’t D. may not ‎14. Santos _____ have experienced lots of hardships in the jungle, for the wrinkles on his face can tell a lot of stories. （12徐汇区一模）‎ A. would B. should C. could D. must ‎15. -- Ms Williams, Steve seems to be in low spirits after the parents’ meeting. ‎ ‎-- Well, I think we _____ have given him helpful encouragement rather than negative criticism. （12杨浦区一模）‎ A. must B. should C. might D. can ‎16. Any country which ______ not or will not pay due attention to the environmental protection is not entitled to the world club membership. （12闸北区一模）‎ A. must B. should C. can D. might KEYS：1-5 CACCC 6-10 CABAA 11-16DAADBC B. 在空白处填入正确的情态动词。（14年一模语法填空之情态动词）‎ ‎1. According to the new regulations, one ______ pass night driving test for the license. ‎ ‎2. In order to avoid fires or explosions, people ________ not use mobile phones at gas stations ‎ ‎3. – Who _____ be phoning us at this time of night? ‎ ‎– It might be your sister. ‎ ‎4. ---My e-dictionary is nowhere to be found. Who          have taken it?‎ ‎---I don’t know. But keep looking and you will find it.                      ‎ ‎5. They have promised the money collected        be handed to the charity house.‎ ‎6. Babies given more love and affection by their mothers _______ deal better with stress and anxiety when they grow up. ‎ ‎7.   — Sunny had to give a speech in front of 500 people yesterday.‎ ‎      —Whew! That’s a big audience. She ______ have been nervous at the beginning          ‎ ‎8. It’s up to the Security Council to decide what measures ____ be taken to restore peace and security. ‎ ‎9. Do you believe drinking a glass of wine every day ______ reduce the danger of heart diseases? ‎ ‎10. When disaster strikes, you _____ find yourself without water, gas and electricity. ‎ Keys: must must can could shall may must  shall could might A What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, or red? If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer grays and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is _____1______ psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colors preference, as well as the effect that colors have _____2______human beings. They tell us, among other facts, that we do not choose our favorite color as we grow up— we are born with our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.‎ ‎　　Colors do influence our moods— there is no doubt about it . _____3______ yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area—_____4_____ it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately ______5______(fall) sharply; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.‎ Light and bright colors make people not only_____6_____ (happy)but more active. It is an established fact _____7______ factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines_____8_____ (paint) orange rather than black or grey.‎ What; on; A; until; fell; happier; that; are painted ‎（以学生自我总结为主，TR引导为辅，为本次课做一个总结回顾）‎ i. can could ii. may, might iii. must, have to, have got to iv. Shall, should, ought to v. Will, would vi. dare vii. need viii. 情态动词表示推测 ix. “情态动词+完成式”表示对过去的推测 教学建议： ‎ ‎1. 规定学生在30分钟内完成；‎ ‎2. 要求学生对不确定有疑问的题目做标记；‎ ‎3．下节新课前让学生相互批改表扬正确率最高的学生；‎ ‎4．让作对的学生给做错的学生讲题，老师进行补充；‎ ‎5．老师对错误率较高的题目相关的知识点进行复习。‎ ‎【巩固练习】‎ A. Choose the best answer. (11年一模)‎ 1. ‎“You _____ for what you have done!” the boss threatened one of the office workers. (11宝山一模)‎ ‎ A. could be punished B. shall be punished ‎ C. will have been punished D. shall have been punished ‎2. Oh, My goodness! You are still working on the assignment. It __________two days ago. (11崇明一模)‎ A. must have been handed in B. can’t have been handed in C. should have been handed in D. shouldn’t be handed in ‎3. — John, how did your English exam go?‎ ‎—I thought I ______ but actually I came in the top 10 in the class(11奉贤一模)‎ ‎ A. should have failed B. could not have failed ‎ ‎ C. might have failed D. must fail ‎4. The teacher___ have thought John was worth it or she wouldn't have wasted time on him. (11虹口一模)‎ A. should B. can C. would D. must ‎5.–That’s Mr Smith, the bank manager, who’s wearing a pair of shorts. (11黄浦一模)‎ ‎– He _____ on holiday.‎ A. must be B. should have been ‎ B. C. might have been D. can’t be ‎ ‎6. Iraq Pavilion was opened to the public one month later, which ______ the last one to be shown in the World Expo in Shanghai. (11嘉定一模)‎ A. may be B. would be C. must have been D. should have been ‎7.—Look! The girl passing by must be a newcomer! ‎ ‎—No, she____ be a newcomer. I'm sure it is at least one year since she came to live here. (11金山一模)‎ A. shouldn't B. can't C. mustn't D. oughtn't ‎8. " the friendship between our two peoples last forever!" and with this sincere hope, the president concluded his speech(11静安一模)‎ A. Would B. Could C. May D. Must ‎9. After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: the damage and death toll （死亡人数） much worse. (11卢湾一模)‎ A. must have been B. should have been C. could have been D. needn't have been ‎10. Peter __________ join us in the picnic , but it all depends on his weekend assignment. (11闵行一模)‎ A. must B. shall C. may D. will ‎ ‎11. Schools _______ increase input in moral education and try to build the atmosphere of being grateful. (11浦东一模)‎ A. must        B. may           C. need                D. can ‎12. As you worked late yesterday, you_______ have come this morning. (11青浦一模)‎ A. wouldn't B. can't C. mustn't D. needn't ‎13. It is unfair that such a nice person like Jane ______ lose her job. She works so hard! (11徐汇一模)‎ A. can B. may C. should D. shall ‎14. Bad management and ineffective government safety supervision were to blame for 11.15 fire, for it ____________completely avoided. (11杨浦一模)‎ A. could be B. should be C. must have been D. could have been ‎15. The British public worry about the fees for the wedding of Prince William for most of the expenses will be paid by the royal family. (11闸北一模)‎ A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. couldn’t ‎16 We______ weigh the pros and cons before deciding whether to invest our money or let it stay in the bank. ‎ A. can B. would C. must D. dare keys：1-5 BCCDA 6-10 CBCCC 11-16ADCDC C B. 情态动词填空（二模语法填空之情态动词）‎ 1. ‎“Part of my job is trying to convince that 85-year-old woman that she really _____ start weight lifting. ‎ 2. It was a school night, however, and at nine o’clock my daughter asked if I _________ hurry my moves, because she needed to go to bed; she had to get up at six in the morning. ‎ 3. ‎“The judge ______ have put her in jail for four months,” said one Democrat when Paris got only a four-day jail sentence for driving while drunk. ‎ 4. It means that many cloned animals won’t survive into adulthood, and some die before they are even born. ‎ 5. No one _________ face depression alone. If you’re depressed, find someone — a friend, parent, teacher or pastor —‎ ‎ and tell them your feelings. ‎ 1. Lotte World, whose designer was determined to create a wonderland for fun-seekers, consists of Lotte World Adventure, and movie theatres. You _____ also take part in activities such as ice-skating or bowling there. ‎ Keys: should/must could should may should/can may/can C. After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.‎ The article tells us the relationship between color and personality and colors applied in our life. Swiss psychologist Max Luscher has spent most of his life 1 (study) colour, and has developed a colour test which helps explain people’s personality.‎ According to his study, people who choose red are energetic and adventurous, ______2_____(look) for excitement. Those ______3______ prefer blue are calm and in control, and prefer a peaceful life. Green means firmness, a dislike of change and a fear of failure. Yellow means you are open and free, ambitious and optimistic. ____4____colour affects us differently. It is natural _____5_____people often associate blue and green with peace and quiet, read with tense, and black with fear.‎ Colors such as red, green, orange and yellow are often used by the food industry, as they ______6______(regard) as the main “appetite” colors which help persuade people _____7_____ (buy) more food. It is no secret ______8_____banks often use colors like blue, brown and green. These remind people of safe and reliable places. The travel agents like to use yellow that makes us think of sunshine and holidays. Colors are also used in flags. For example, the majority of countries use red---the color of action ---in their national flags.‎ Colors is a powerful tool. It can be used to help us, to warn us, to relax us, to control us and to make us buy things.‎ KEYS: Studying; looking; who; each; that; are regared; to buy; why; ‎ D. For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.（12年黄浦二模）‎ When I became an amputee at age 29, I was forced to rethink the idea of physical perfection. My life became different, as I changed from an acceptably attractive woman to an object of pity and __50__.‎ Too busy __51__ physical pain and obvious mobility limitation, I was not aware of this change at first. I was determined to __52__, feeling good about the progress I had made, as I moved forward.‎ ‎__53__, as I made my first excursion outside the hospital, society had already assigned me a new status. Happy to be free of my restriction in the hospital, I rolled through the shopping mall – a __54__ survivor, feeling like a war hero. Unfortunately, I had a rude __55__ as I discovered that others did not view me in the way I had come to view myself.‎ All eyes were upon me, yet no one dared to make eye contact. Their efforts to __56__ my eyes forced me to realize they saw only my missing legs. Mothers __57__ held their children closer as I passed. Elderly women patted me on the head saying, “God Bless You!” with __58__ in their eyes. ‎ While I sat thinking about what had happened, a small girl came up to me. She stared with unembarrassed __59__ at the empty pants. Finding nothing there, she looked up at me with a puzzled look, she innocently asked,‎ ‎ “Lady, where did your legs go?”‎ I explained that my legs had been sick. Since my legs hadn’t been strong and healthy like hers, the doctors had to __60__ them. Leaning her head upwards, she asked, “Did they go to ‘Leg Heaven’?”‎ That incident made me think about how __61__ children and adults react to the unknown. To a child, an odd appearance is an interesting curiosity and a __62__ learning experience while adults often view the same thing with fear and horror. I began to realize that, I, too had been __63__ of the same inappropriate reactions before I knew what life was like for an amputee.‎ To fulfill the wholeness of my mind and spirit, I now smile warmly, make eye contact, and speak in a confident manner. By using a __64__ approach, I attempt to enlighten society about the fact that having a not-so-perfect body doesn’t mean having a poor quality of life. ‎ ‎50. A. comfort B. fear C. hatred D. sadness ‎ ‎51. A. crying with B. figuring out C. holding back D. dealing with ‎52. A. endure B. quit C. revenge D. succeed ‎ ‎53. A. Instead B. Moreover C. However D. Therefore ‎54. A. calm B. poor C. proud D. rare ‎ ‎55. A. awakening B. ending C. happening D. proceeding ‎ ‎56. A. turn B. hold C. catch D. avoid ‎57. A. softly B. protectively C. reluctantly D. pleasantly ‎ ‎58. A. pity B. anger C. depression D. upset ‎ ‎59. A. curiosity B. determination C. enthusiasm D. satisfaction ‎ ‎60. A. lose B. adjust C. remove D. stretch ‎ ‎61. A. differently B. positively C. strangely D.sympathetically ‎62. A. painful B. potential C. similar D. common ‎ ‎63. A. conscious B. guilty C. ignorant D. short ‎64. A. creative B. flexible C. positive D. scientific KEYS: 50—54 BDDCC 55—59 ADBAA 60—64 CABBC