【英语】2018届二轮复习代词在短文语法填空和短文改错中考查讲与练学案（10页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习代词在短文语法填空和短文改错中考查讲与练学案（10页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习 代词在短文语法填空和短文改错中考查讲与练 短文语法填空中的考查 判定方法 应用体验 ‎1.当句中缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填代词，主要包括人称代词、替代词、不定代词以及it。‎ ‎①(2017·烟台市模拟)I brought the flowers to the school and left them (they) in her office. ‎ ‎②(2017·银川一中二模)But when he got home, he felt it difficult to decide where to plant it.‎ ‎③(2017·福建省莆田市模拟)Around 70 percent of them (they) were set up by local doctors.‎ ‎④(2017·浙江高考)“She thought I had hurt myself (I)，” says Pahlsson.‎ ‎2.当所给提示词为代词时，人称代词需考虑变为宾格、变为物主代词、变为反身代词以及it变为its等。‎ ‎(一)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 自主练悟 谨记规律 ‎①(2015·广东高考)Now it occurred to him that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.‎ ‎②(2017·吉林市普通中学测试)Firstly, we must be able to understand the language when we hear it spoken.‎ ‎③(2017·荆州中学质检)One who didn’t believe in alarm clocks told the boss that “God didn’t wake me (I)．”‎ 人称代词第三人称的主格(he, she, it, they)与宾格(him, her, it, them)常指代前文或后文出现的人或物。当提示词为人称代词的主格时需考虑是否变为宾格。‎ ‎④(2017·山西大学附中模拟)When I got there, I couldn’t believe my eyes.‎ ‎⑤(2017·合肥市质检)Some people buy cloth shoes out of nostalgia (怀旧), while others trust their (they) quality.‎ ‎⑥(2017·佛山一中模拟)At first she took my hands in hers (she) and listened patiently as I mentioned my worries.‎ 形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, their)在句中作定语，常表示物体的所属；而名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs)在句中可以作主语、宾语和表语，但不可以作定语。‎ ‎⑦(2017·佛山市模拟)I always ‎ 反身代词(myself, yourself, himself,‎ remind myself I must go on and on, and never shall I give up halfway.‎ ‎ herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves)表示动作的承受者就是动作的执行者，可以在句中作宾语、表语和同位语。‎ ‎⑧(2017·石家庄市一模)However, Chinese tea culture goes far beyond tea itself (it)．‎ ‎⑨(2017·成都市模拟)All in all, every student should behave himself (he) and keep away from violence.‎ ‎(二)替代词和不定代词 自主练悟 谨记规律 ‎①(2017·南充市模拟)He said the vegetables were smaller than those grown in fresh water.‎ 替代词that, those, one, ones ‎1.that可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词，其复数形式为those。‎ ‎2.one指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”‎ ‎，其复数形式为ones。‎ ‎②(2017·南昌二中模拟)To him, the wild man is a branch of science, one that he has been studying for a very long time.‎ ‎③(2015·福建高考改编)The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but neither contained any useful suggestions.‎ ‎④(2017·遵义航天高级中学模拟)Many means had been tried but none of them were good enough.‎ ‎⑤(2017·铜仁市模拟)In the old days, people used to train dogs to protect themselves against the attacks from other beasts.‎ ‎⑥(2017·哈尔滨市模拟)In one way of thinking, failure is part of life.In another way, failure may be a way towards success.‎ 不定代词的用法 ‎1.both, either, neither都强调两者，可作主语、宾语和定语。neither表示“两者都不”； either表示“两者中任何一个”； both表示“两者都”。‎ ‎2.all和none都强调三者或三者以上，all表示“全部都”，而none表示“全部都不”。‎ ‎3.another表示“(三者或三者以上中的)另一个，再一个”； the other意为“(两者中的)另一个”； other意为“其余的，另外的”； others泛指其余的人或物。‎ ‎(三)it的用法 自主练悟 谨记规律 ‎①(2014·全国卷Ⅰ改编)The river was so polluted that it actually caught fire and burned.‎ ‎②(2017·江西省五市八校联考)It was really considerate of him to stop to help a perfect stranger like me, especially in such terrible weather.‎ ‎③(2017·银川九中模拟)The frozen parts of the city also make it_easier for residents to skate around.‎ ‎④(2017·重庆模拟)I hate it when someone makes a mess of my learning materials on my desk.‎ ‎⑤(2017·株洲市质检)He’s a bit of an expert when it comes to computers.‎ ‎1.it可指代事物或上文提到过的内容。‎ ‎2.it可作形式主语或形式宾语，用来指代不定式、动词ing形式或从句，而把真正的主语或宾语后置。‎ ‎3.表示“喜欢，恨”等心理方面的动词后面跟从句时，要先接it，再接从句，这类动词有like, love, hate, dislike, appreciate等。‎ ‎4.it常用于一些固定搭配中，如it is no wonder that “难怪……”；make it“成功；赶上”；when it comes to ...“当提到……”等。‎ 短文改错中的考查 ‎(一)代词的错用 自主练悟 谨记规律 ‎①(2017·烟台市模拟)So when faced with problems, we should overcome it with great determination and strong willpower.it→them ‎②(2017·豫南九校质检)Anyone who is interested in something will devote himself to them.them→it ‎③(2013·陕西高考)We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake.ours→our ‎④(2017·湖北省八校联考)I suddenly realized I had grown up and that I had to look after me and live independently.me→myself ‎⑤(2017·河南省百校联盟质检)I was so excited that he took my mother and myself to Thailand.myself→me ‎ ‎⑥(2015·陕西高考)I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party.anything→something ‎⑦(2015·四川高考)It’s been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many.many→much ‎1.代词数的错用 人称代词、物主代词以及反身代词等都有单复数之分，要根据上下文确定单复数。‎ ‎2.物主代词的错用 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，不能单独使用，常用来修饰名词；名词性物主代词相当于名词，常单独使用，不能修饰名词。‎ ‎3.人称代词与反身代词的错用 反身代词是指代主语的，使动作的发出者把动作反射到本人身上。若所用代词与主语不一致，就要用人称代词而不用反身代词。‎ ‎4.不定代词的错用 常见的有many与much,‎ ‎⑧(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Mr.and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school.all→both或去掉all ‎⑨(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)I enjoyed studying different kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the latest music albums.This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.your→my ‎ some(thing)与any(thing), other与another，表示两者的both, either, neither与表示三者或三者以上的all, none等。‎ ‎5.代词的指代错误 若文中出现代词，它所代替的词一定存在于前文或后文的某处，要注意它们的前后一致性。‎ ‎(二)代词的缺失与多余 自主练悟 谨记规律 ‎①(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.whenever后加I ‎②(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Five minutes later, Tony saw parents.saw后加his ‎③(2017·衡阳市质检)I find very convenient to go anywhere with a ‎1.代词的缺失 主要是人称代词与物主代词的缺失，若缺少主语需考虑是否用人称代词，还要根据上下文考虑名词前是否缺少物主代词，另外还要注意it的缺失。‎ ‎2.代词的多余 ‎ bike.find后加it ‎④(2017·九江市联考)About two years ago, I worked hard and entered a local key school, which my parents were proud of it.去掉it ‎⑤(2017·西安市模拟)Once I had to read a textbook which was too expensive for me to buy it.去掉it ‎ 主要是定语从句中代词的多余和固定结构中代词的多余。在定语从句中，若引导词在从句中作宾语，此时就不能再用it, him或them等作宾语；在句式“sb./sth.＋be＋adj.＋to do”中，do后不能再用it或them。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017·潍坊市模拟)An only child tends not to get along well with children of his (he) age.‎ ‎2．(2017·河北沧州质检)They do it because the platform allows their voice to be heard and constantly encourages them to improve themselves (they)．‎ ‎3．(2017·山师附中模拟)Jasmine tea is the favorite of many old Beijingers, who love its (it) pure, clear taste and strong fragrance.‎ ‎4．(2017·郴州市质检)On his way back, Simon rode one and drove the rest of the donkeys along the road.‎ ‎5．(2017·柳州市模拟)A field trip is a journey by a group of people to a place away from their (they) normal environment.‎ ‎6．(2017·新疆第二次检测)Nowadays reference books have become a problem of great concern for both the teachers and the ‎ students.‎ ‎7．(2017·潍坊实验中学模拟)Every one of us should behave politely and think more about others.‎ ‎8．(2017·淮南二中模拟)Yet it is amazing that the film is funny enough to earn it belly laughs from beginning to end.‎ ‎9．(2017·天水一中诊断)After this visit, my friends and I decided that we should do something to help improve the quality of their lives.‎ ‎10．(2017·琼海市模拟)I tried my best to persuade him, but it didn’t help.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．(2017·银川九中模拟)Although my flat is small, I like them very much because it is comfortable.them→it ‎2．(2017·湖北省八校联考)After registered in the classroom, the volunteer took me to my dormitory.After后加I ‎3．(2017·铁岭市联考)I think I can improve me a lot in this way, because where there is a will, there is a way.me→myself ‎4．(2017·大庆实验中学模拟)In recent years people around the world may feel it that the climate has been getting warmer and warmer.去掉it ‎5．(2017·石家庄市一模)Mistakes are unavoidable in life.But attitudes towards it may make a difference.it→them ‎6．(2017·蚌埠二中模拟)I would appreciate greatly if you could consider my application.appreciate后加it ‎7．(2017·淮南二中模拟)Meanwhile, buses should have its own special routes which cannot be used by other vehicles.its→their ‎8．(2017·枣阳市模拟)He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town.himself→him ‎9．(2017·汕头市模拟)This kind of traveler just needs to pack a pair of sunglasses together with everything that he needs it.去掉it ‎10．(2017·哈尔滨三中模拟)What we have gained from this camp is not only knowledge, but also friendship.I hope their friendship will last forever.their→our