高中英语Life in the future语法学案

高中英语Life in the future语法学案

Life in the future语法学案 人教版新课标 必修五 unit 3 ‎ 教师寄语: Actions speak louder than words.‎ 倒装句之部分倒装 ‎ 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。‎ ‎　1)　句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。 ‎ Never have I seen such a performance. ‎ Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. ‎ Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. ‎ 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。‎ 注意 如否定词不在句首不倒装。 ‎ I have never seen such a performance. ‎ The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep.‎ 典型例题　　‎ ‎1)　Why cant I smoke here? ‎ At no time___ in the meeting-room ‎ A. is smoking permitted　　B.　smoking is permitted ‎ C. smoking is it permitted　D.　does smoking permit ‎ 答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.‎ ‎2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is. ‎ A. man did know　 B. man know　 C. didnt man know　 D. did man know ‎ 答案D.　 看到Not until…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。 ‎ 改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。‎ ‎3 以否定词开头作部分倒装 ‎ 如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than ‎ Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. ‎ Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. ‎ No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.‎ 典型例题 ‎ No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily. ‎ A. the game began　　　　　 B.　has the game begun ‎ C. did the game begin　　　 D.　had the game begun ‎ 答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when　等等。‎ 注意只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。 ‎ Not only you but also I am fond of music.‎ ‎4 so, neither, nor作部分倒装 表示也、也不 的句子要部分倒装。　　　　 ‎ Tom can speak French. So can Jack. ‎ If you wont go, neither will I.‎ 典型例题 ‎ ‎---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? ‎ ‎---I dont know, _____. ‎ A. nor dont I care　　B. nor do I care　　C. I dont care neither　　D. I dont care also ‎ 答案B. nor为增补意思也不关心，因此句子应倒装。A错在用 dont 再次否定， C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D缺乏连词。‎ ‎　 注意 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为的确如此。 ‎ Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. ‎ ‎---Its raining hard.　　　---So it is.‎ ‎5 only在句首要倒装的情况 ‎ Only in this way, can you learn English well.‎ Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. ‎ 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装 ‎ Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.‎ ‎6 as, though 引导的倒装句 ‎ as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。‎ 注意 ‎ ‎1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。 ‎ ‎2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,　 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 ‎ Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.‎ 注意 ‎ 让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。‎ ‎7 其他部分倒装 ‎ ‎1)　 so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。 ‎ So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.‎ ‎2)　在某些表示祝愿的句型中 ‎ May you all be happy.‎ ‎3)　在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。 ‎ Were I you, I would try it again.‎ 典型例题 ‎ ‎1） Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is　　 ‎ A. man did know　 B. man knew　 C. didnt man know　 D. did man know ‎ 答案为D.　否定词Not在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。‎ ‎2） Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.　 ‎ A. didnt I realize　　B. did I realize　　C. I didnt realize　D. I realize ‎ 答案为B。‎ ‎3)　Do you know Tom bought a new car? ‎ I dont know, ___. ‎ A. nor dont I care　 B. nor do I care　 ‎ C. I dont care neither　D. I dont care also ‎ 解析答案为B.　句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示也不。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。‎