2020-2021年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note

2020-2021年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note

2020-2021 年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note 【核心素养分析】 语言知识 ：要求考生掌握并能运用英语词汇、语法基础知识以及所学话题。 1.考纲内要掌握的词汇、短语和句型 项目 单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备） 重点单词 1．adventure n．奇遇；冒险→adventurer n．冒险家→adventurous adj.喜欢冒险的 2．scene n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色 3．wander vi.漫游；漫步；漂泊 4．pavement n．人行道 5．permit vt. & vi.许可；允许；准许 n.通行证；许可证；执照→permission n．许可；准许 6．spot vt.发现；认出 n.斑点；污点；地点 7．passage n．船费(包括食宿)；通道；(一)段 8．account vi. & vt. 认为；说明；总计有 n．说明；理由；计算；账目 9．seek vt. & vi.寻找；探索；寻求→sought(过去式/过去分词) 10．patience n．耐性；忍耐→patient adj. & n．有耐心的；病人 11．contrary n．反面；对立面 adj.相反的；相违的→contrarily adv.相反地 12．envelope n．信封 13．believe vt.相信；信任→believable adj.可信任的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的 14．amount n．数量 15．manner n．礼貌；举止；方式 16．indeed adv.真正地；确实；实在 重点短语 1．bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出 2．go ahead 前进；(用于祈使句) 可以；往下说 3．by accident/chance 偶然；无意中；不小心 4．stare at 盯着看；凝视 5．account for 导致；作出解释 2. 语法基础知识——状语从句 主题语境：话题——文学艺术（人与社会） 语言技能：能在主题语境下，运用所学的语言知识写出日常生活事物的应用文，能够以较丰 富的语言写出读后续写的故事。 【基础巩固】 知识点 1．bet n. 赌；打赌 v. 打赌；赌钱 【归纳拓展】 bet on 为某事打赌 make a bet on 为某事打赌 win/lose a bet 打赌赢/输了 【典例 1】 完成句子 6．on the contrary 与此相反；正相反 7．take a chance 冒险 8．in rags 衣衫褴褛 9．as for/to 关于；至于 10．to be honest 说实话 11．from the bottom of one’s heart 从心底 12．take one’s order 点菜 经典句型 （高考书 面表达必 备） 1．The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。 2．You can’t open it until two o’clock.到两点钟你才能打开。 3．That’s why we’ve given you the letter. 这正是我们给你这封信的原因。 4．Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. 哎，傍晚时分，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。 5．You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.您什么时候想来，您想吃点什么， 你就一定要来呀！ 必备语法 （高级句 型） 状语从句 (1) He often bets a 1ot of money___________ horses. 他经常在赛马上豪赌。 (2) I bet __________ it will rain tomorrow. 我敢肯定说明天一定会下雨 (3) We ______ ______ ______ ______ he outcome of the next horse race.我们打赌下场赛马的 结果。 【答案】（1）on（2）that（3）made a bet on 【变式】 单项选择 1． —Going to the party to be held in Anne’s house this weekend? — I’ll be free then. A．Forget it. B．You bet! C．Believe it or not D．I can’ t help it. 【答案】B 【解析】选 B。考查情景交际。forget it 意为“没关系; 别在意; 别提它了”; you bet 意为“当然; 一定”; believe it or not 意为“信不信由你”; I can’t help it 意为“我没办法”。根据语境, 此题选 B。 2.He bet _____ the result of the exam. A. for B. on C. about D. to 【答案】B 【解析】考查短语 bet on…以……为赌注。句意：他把赌注押在考试结果上。 翻译句子 她和我打了 20 美元的赌，说我不会那么去做。 _____________________________________________ 【答案】 She bet me$20that I wouldn’t do it . 完成句子 (1). He spends all his money _______ _______ horses. 他把所有钱都用在赌马上。 （2）They bet that _____ ________ ______. 他们打赌他们会赢。 （3. He _____ ________ ______ and lost a lot of money .他打赌输了好多钱。 【答案】（1）betting on （2）they will win （3）lost a bet 知识点 2．scene n. (戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色 【归纳拓展】 the scene of the crime 犯罪现场 behind the scenes 暗中，秘密地，在幕后 (come) on the scene 出现，到场，在场 set the scene (为……)作好准备，(为……)设置舞台 辨析： scene 指某一处的自然风光，场景，场面。 scenery（总称）自然景物，天然风光，是由多个 scenes 构成的自然风景。 sight 景象，风景，名胜，侧重值得看的事物或很难看的东西和很可笑的事物；视力/眼界 view 景色，风景，侧重从人所处的角度（从远处或高处）以眼所看到的景色。 【典例 2】 单项选择 1.The parents won’t ______ seeing the messy ______ in the room. A．tolerate, scene B．forbid, sign C．appreciate, scenery D．bear, view 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词和名词。句意：父母不会容忍看到房间里凌乱的场面。故选 A。 2．（ 2019·山西太原五中月考）For the first few hundred kilometres of the journey, the _________ was very colourful. A．view B．scene C．scenery D．sight 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：在旅程的头几百公里里，景色多姿多彩。A. view 视野、风 景；B. scene 场景；C. scenery 景色（尤指自然风景）；D. sight 景象。根据“For the first few hundred kilometres of the journey”可知此处指“自然风景”，故 C 项正确。 【变式】 完成句子 (1)Our reporter was the first person_______ _________ _______ (到现场)． (2)The rocking boats along the river bank_______ _______ _______ ______(构成一道美丽的风 景)． (3)The boy led his mother to ______ _________ _________ _________ ________(事故现场)． 【答案】(1)on the scene(2)make a beautiful scene (3)the scene of the accident 根据句子意思用 scene，sight，view，scenery 的适当形式填空。 (1)Guilin is famous for its beautiful _______. (2)The _______ is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east. (3)You can get a wonderful _______at the top of the tower. (4)The flowers are a lovely _______ in spring. (5)He began to lose his _______six years ago. 【答案】 (1) scenery (2) scene (3) view (4) sight (5)sight 知识点 3．permit vt. 允许，许可 n．[C]许可证，执照 【归纳拓展】 permission n. [U]许可，准许，允许 permit doing sth. 允许做某事 permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 with/without one's permission＝with/without the permission of sb. (不)在某人的允许下 辨析： let 允许，让，常用于口语中，一般不用于被动语态。后接不带 to 的不定式作宾补。 permit 和 allow 意思相近，都表示“允许，准许”。permit 稍正式一些，多指上级对下级或长 辈对晚辈的 允许,语气较强；allow 多指听任或不管教某人做某事。 常用句型 allow/permit sb. to do sth. be allowed/permitted to do sth. allow/permit doing sth. 【典例 3】 语法填空 1. （2020·河北石家庄二中月考）I was the first reporter ________（permit） to take pictures of giant pandas in the reserve. 【答案】permitted 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我是第一个获准在保护区内拍摄大熊猫的记者。分析可知， 句中谓语为 was，所选动词应是非谓语，作之前名词 the first reporter 的后置定语，permit 与 其逻辑主语 reporter 是被动关系，主句是一般过去时，藐视过去发生的事情，过去分词表示 被动完成。故填 permitted。 2．（2020·黑龙江期中）Time_________（permit）, I’ll drop in on you while visiting your hometown. 【答案】permitting 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：如果时间允许，我会在参观你家乡的时候去拜访你。分 析句子可知，I 是主语，will drop 是谓语，空白是逗号，因此要用独立主格结构；time 与 permit 是主动关系，用 doing 形式，因此采用 n.+doing 的独立主格结构。故填 permitting。 3．（2020·甘肃兰州一中期末）Only ticket-holders were admitted ________ the stadium for the concert given by Deng Ziqi, in other words, many of her fans were turned away. 【答案】to 【解析】句意：邓子琪的演唱会只允许持票者入场，也就是说，她的许多歌迷都被拒之门外。 be admitted to 固定用法，意为“获准进入”。故填 to。 【变式】 单项选择 1．（2019•江苏海安高级中学高三）It was announced that only after the candidates’ papers were collected _____to leave the room. A．had they been permitted B．would they be permitted C．that they would be permitted D．that they had been permitted 【答案】B 【解析】考查倒装和时态。句意：宣布说只有在竞选者的论文都收集完毕，他们才被允许离 开。从句 Only after 后用倒装，排除 CD，又表将来时态，故选 B。 2． Have you got a _______ to fish in this river? A．permit B．permission C．permitting D．permitted 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词 permit 的用法。句意：你有在这条河里钓鱼的许可证吗?此处 permission 是名词，“允许，许可”；permit 是名词，意思是“许可证，执照”。结合句意可知答案为 A。 完成句子 (1) She refused to _______ ________ _______.她拒不同意。 (2)Do you have a driver's ______？你有驾驶执照吗？ (3) ________ _______， we'll go out for a picnic.时间允许，我们就去野餐。 【答案】（1）give her permission（2）permit （3）Time permitting 用所给词的适当形式填空。 (1)Students are not permitted_________ (enter)the Net Bar. 学生不被允许进网吧。 (2) My mother wouldn’ t let me _______ (go) to the film.妈妈不允许我去看电影。 (3) We don’ t allow _______ (smoke) in our office. 我们不允许办公室吸烟。 (4) Weather _______ (permit), we’ ll go outing this weekend.天气许可的话，我们这个周末去郊 游。 (5) The policeman permitted _________ _________there.经常允许他在这里停车。 ＝The policeman permitted ________ __________ ________there. 警察允许他在那里停车。 【答案】(1) to enter (2) go (3) smoking (4) permitting（5）his parking ； him to park 知识点 4．spot vt. 发现，认出；点缀 n. 斑点；污点；地点 【归纳拓展】 spotless adj. 没有斑点的，干净的 on the spot 当场，当下 put sb. on the spot 使某人尴尬，使某人为难 hit the spot 满足要求，合口味 a scenic/historic spot 风景名胜/古迹 be spotted with sth. 满是……斑点 【典例 4】 语法填空 1．（2019·江苏省天一中学高三开学考试）In that factory, anyone who breaks the rules will be asked to leave ________ the spot. 【答案】on 【解析】句意：在那家工厂，凡是违反规定的人当场就被告知离开。on the spot 当场。故填 on。 2．_____ （spot）shopping shoulder to shoulder with a girl, I felt very embarrassed. 【答案】Spotted 【解析】考查非谓语动词，根据句子结构可知该部分为状语，spot 意为发现，认出，与主语 I 之间是被动关系，spot 用法同 see /watch sb doing sth，意为发现某人干某事。句意为被发现 跟一个女孩肩并肩购物，我感到很尴尬。故填 Spotted。 【变式】 1．He was hit by a falling tree and died on the ________. A．spot B．point C．track D．trace 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词。句意：他被倒下来的树击中，当场死亡。spot“地点，场所”，on the spot“当 场，在现场”，为固定搭配。point“点；要点”；track“小路；跑道；轨道”；trace“痕迹；踪迹”。 根据句意可知选 A。 2. He was hit by a falling tree that night and killed ____________. A．on the spot B．in a spot C．under the spot D．on a spot 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查短语搭配。本题考查短语 on the spot 在现场。句意：那个晚上他被倒下的 树击中，当场死亡。 完成句子 (1)This is the spot ______ the two trucks collided.这儿就是那两辆卡车相撞的地点。 (2)How did you _______ ________ ________ on your face? 你脸上怎么弄脏了一块？ (3)The teacher graded our test papers ______ _______ _______ 老师当场就给我们的试卷打了分。 【答案】(1 )where(2 ) get that spot (3 ) on the spot 用 spot 的短语或其适当形式填空。 (1) The police ______ him driving a stolen car. 警察发现他在驾驶一辆偷来的汽车。 (2)The police were ______ ______ ______ within a few minutes of my telephone call. 警察在我打完电话后几分钟内就到了现场。 (3) He keeps his house _______. 他让他的房子一尘不染。 (4)She was wearing a white skirt with red ______她穿着一件白底红点儿的裙子。 (5) My father ____________ several spelling mistakes in my composition. 我父亲在我的作文里发现了好几处拼写错误。 【答案】 (1) spotted (2) on the spot (3) spotless (4)spots(5) spotted 知识点 5．account n. 说明；理由；计算；账目；报道 vi. & vt. 认为；说明；总计有 【归纳拓展】 account for 说明(原因等)；作出解释 on account of 由于，因为 on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装) on any account 无论如何 take account of＝take...into consideration 考虑…… keep an account of 记录，记载 a (large/small) amount of + n.[u] + v. (单数) (large/small) amounts of + n.[u] + v. (复数) in (large/small) amounts [作状语]大（少）量地 amount to... 共达……，合计…… 提示：表示否定意义的 on no account 放在句首时，句子应用部分倒装。 如：On no account should you go there. 你绝对不可以到那里去。 【典例 5】 单项选择 1．（2020·江苏高三月考）"Since 2008, emerging economies including China _______ two-thirds of the real wealth gain," the investment bank said in a blog post. A．accounts for B．has accounted for C．have accounted for D．accounted for 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：“自 2008 年以来，包括中国在内的新兴经济体占 实际财富增长的三分之二，”这家投资银行在一篇博客文章中表示。根据句意和本句时间状 语“since 2008”可知，本句时态应为现在完成时；including China 是介词短语修饰主语 emerging economies，谓语动词要与主语保持主谓一致。故选 C。 2．（2020·天津一中高三月考）Before we come to a decision, we must make sure we have ______ all the relevant facts. A．set foot on B．set fire to C．made way for D．taken account of 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：在我们作出决定之前，我们必须确保考虑了所有有关的事实。 A. set foot on 踏上，进入；B. set fire to 点燃；C. made way for 为……让路；D. taken account of 考虑到，顾及。此处指“考虑到”有关事实。故选 D。 【变式】 语法填空 1.（2019·江苏高三期中）________（take） into account the possibility of stormy weather, we decided to spring for a cabin instead of setting up a tent. 【答案】Taking 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：考虑到可能有暴风雨天气，我们决定买一间小木屋而不搭 帐篷。分析句子可知，句子有逗号但没有连词连接，所以动词 take 是非谓语动词，和其逻 辑主语 we 是主动关系用 doing 形式，故填 Taking。 2．（2020·天津静海一中高三期末）The recent cold weather has prevented residents from going out, which may account ________ the decline in customer flows at the shopping mall. 【答案】for 【解析】句意：最近的寒冷天气使居民们无法出门，这可能是购物中心客流量下降的原因。 account for 对……作出解释，说明……的原因。故填 for。 3．（2020·江苏高三月考）A donation from Japan to the coronavirus-stricken Hubei province caused a stir on Chinese social media ____________ account of the powerful poetic message written on each box: “Lands apart, sky shared”. 【答案】on 【解析】句意：日本给冠状病毒肆虐的湖北省的捐赠在中国社交媒体上引起轩然大波，这是 因为捐赠的每一个盒子上都写着一句强有力的诗：“山川异域，风月同天”。 on account of 由于。因为写在盒子上面的诗，使得中国社交媒体反响巨大。所填空后是空前的原因，因此 用 on account of 解释引起轰动的原因。故填 on。 完成句子 (1)He could not _______________ his foolish mistake. 他无法解释他所犯的愚蠢错误。 (2)Give us ________________________ what happened. 跟我们说一下到底发生了什么。 (3)She retired early ______________________ ill health. 她体弱多病，所以提前退休。 【答案】(1)account for (2) an account for (3) on account of 用 amount 的短语翻译或所给词的适当形式填空。 1)During the earthquake, a large amount of damage _______ (do) in a very short time. 在地震期间，短时间内造成了巨大的损失。 2) Large amounts of money _______ (spend) rebuilding the temple. 大量的钱被用在重修寺庙上。 3) At that time, small amounts of land _______ (use) for keeping animals. 在那个时候，很少的土地被用来饲养动物。 4) Food was provided _______ _______ _______. 食物的供应多少不等 5) The company _____________________ environmental issues wherever possible. 只要有可能，这家公司会考虑到环境问题。 【答案】(1) was done (2) were spent ( 3) were used (4) in different amounts (5) takes account of 知识点 6．seek (sought, sought) vt. & vi. 寻找；探索；追求 【归纳拓展】 seek one’s fortune 追求财富；碰运气 seek (after/for) sth. 寻找某物；追求某物 seek sth. from sb.向某人寻求某事 seek to do sth.(＝try/attempt to do sth.)试图/企图做某事 seek happiness/comfort/wealth/success 追求幸福﹑安逸﹑财富、成功 【典例 6】 语法填空 1．（2020·江苏高三期末）——John has resigned from his post________（seek）his fortune in Shanghai. ―How come? He got promoted last month! 【答案】to seek 【解析】句意:——John 在上海为了寻找发迹的机会辞去了工作。——怎么回事？他上个月 才被提拔的呀。此处是不定式作目的状语。故填 to seek。 2．What a choice! If only I had ____ （seek） the wise man’s advice before I decided. 【答案】sought 【解析】句意：这样选啊! 如果我在做决定之前征求一下那个聪明的人就好了！sought 是 seak 寻找寻求 search 搜寻 acquire 获得 follow 跟随，seak one’s advice 征求…的建议；follow one’s advice 听从某人的建议，把握句中关键词 before I decided，故填 sought。 【变式】 单项选择 1．（江苏高三期末）To strengthen Japan's diplomatic influence and increase military presence across the world, Abe (安倍) ________ a greater role for his country in international affairs since he took office. A．sought B．had sought C．is seeking D．has been seeking 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态。句意：为了加强日本的外交影响力，增强在全世界的军事存在，Abe 自从上台就一直在为他的国家在国际事务中寻找一个更大的角色。根据句意可知，用现在完 成进行时态，故选 D。 2． The police have put up posters with photos of the man they ________ in connection with the killing of two customers inside an ATM cabinet. A．seek B．are seeking C．have sought D．were seeking 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态。句意：警方在全城张贴了他们正在搜寻的有那个男人照片的告示，那个 男人涉嫌在一个 ATM 柜内杀害两个客户的案子。警方粘贴告示说明他们正在搜寻那个男人， 所以 seek 这个动作正在进行，所以用现在进行时。 完成句子 (1)He is ______ (＝asking for) a job.他正在找工作。 (2)The boy ___________________________ his teacher. 这个男孩向他的老师请教。 (3)He is the man who is always ____________________. 他是个始终追求真理的人。 【答案】(1) seeking (2) sought advice from (3) seeking after truth 用所给词的适当形式填空。 (1)I think it’ s time we ________ legal advice.我想到了我们寻求法律援助的时候了。 (2)They are seeking ________ the rules.他们在试图改变规则。 (3）You must ________ permission from the manager. 你必须要获得经理的允许。 (4)They are _______ _______ us. 他们试图误导我们。 (5)He wanted to go abroad _____ ______ _______ ______他想出国去碰碰运气。 【答案】 (1)sought (2)to change (3)seek (4) seeking to mislead (5) to seek his fortune 知识点 6.fault n. 缺点；错误，过错；故障 vt.挑剔，指责 【归纳拓展】 find fault (with sb/sth) 找（某人/事物的）错/茬儿；埋怨（某人/事物） It’ s one’ s fault 是某人的过错 faulty adj.有缺点的；不完善的 faultless adj.不可挑剔的 【典例 6】 语法填空 1．（2020·江苏高三）I know I was___________ fault , so I will apologize to Sara today. 【答案】at 【解析】考查介词词组。句意：我知道我有错，所以我今天会向 Sara 道歉。at fault 有错； 有责任。分析句子可知，后文提到“我”会向 Sara 道歉，由此判断是“我”做错了事。故填 at。 2.The study relied on people's memory of what they ate, which can be _______（fault）. 【答案】faulty 【解析】考查词形转换。句意：这个研究依赖与人们对他们吃了什么的记忆，其中有可能出 错。此处形容词作表语。故填 faulty。 【变式】 1． One of the Disney cartoon characters, Donald Duck, is always quick to find ____ with others and brings laugher to people of all ages. A．mistake B．error C．blame D．fault 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪士尼的卡通人物之一唐老鸭总是急着去挑别人的毛病， 给各个年龄段的人带来笑声。A. mistake 错误；B. error 错误；C. blame 责备；D. fault 缺点、 毛病。find fault with sb 是固定搭配，表示“挑某人毛病”，故 D 项正确。 2． He is such a man who is always ________ fault with other people. A．putting B．correcting C．finding D．giving 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他是一个总挑别人毛病的人。固定短语 find fault with 意为“挑……的毛病，对……吹毛求疵”。故选 C。 翻译句子 (1) I like him despite his faults. 翻译：________________________ (2) No one could fault his performance. 翻译：________________________ (3) He often found fault with others . 翻译：________________________ 【答案】(1) 虽然他有种种缺点, 但我仍然喜欢他。 (2) 他的演出无懈可击。 (3)他经常挑剔别人。 完成句子 (1)It was _______ _______ that we were late. 我们迟到是他的过错。 (2) I have no fault to find _______ your work.我对你的工作挑不出毛病。 (3) She is always _______ _________ ________me 她总是找我的茬儿。 (4) Ask for a refund if the goods are ______.商品如有瑕疵，可要求退款。 (5)I think the owners are _______ ________ for not warning us .我认为业主没有提醒我们是 有责任的。 【答案】(1)his fault (2)with (3)finding fault with.(4)faulty (5) at fault 知识点 7． bring up 培养；抚养；养育或教育某人；提出；呕吐某物 【归纳拓展】 bring about 引起；致使；造成；达成 bring along/on 带来 bring back 使记起；归还；恢复 bring down 使减低；降低；挫伤(傲气) bring forth 产生；产出；生产 bring forward 提出；出示；展示 bring out 揭露；显示，解释；出版 bring to (oneself) 使复苏 bring in 引进；引来；赚得 【典例 7】 语法填空 1．（赤峰二中月考）We can never imagine the trouble Mrs. Black had ______（bring） up her daughter. 【答案】bringing 【解析】句意：我们想象不出来 Mrs. Black 在养育女儿过程中遇到的困难。have trouble in doing sth.“做某事有困难”，此处省略了 in，动词用 doing，故填 bringing。 2．______ （bring）up in four different countries, Jessie is a typical third culture kid, the term of which refers to children who spend a period of time in one or more cultures． 【答案】Brought 【解析】句意：在四个不同的国家里成长，杰西是一个典型的第三文化的孩子，这个术语是 指那些在多种文化中熏陶长大的孩子。从题意中可以判断，Jessie 和 bring up 之间是被动关 系，被抚养长大，所以用过去分词形式，故填 Brought。 【变式】 单项选择 1．（江苏金陵中学期中）____in a poor family made Tom very diligent when he was still young. A．Brought up B．Bring up C．Being brought up D．Having brought up 【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词的时态和语态。句意：Tom 出生在一个贫困的家庭里，这让他很 小的时候就非常的用功。本题缺少的是主语，A 项和 D 项分别是过去分词和现在分词的完 成式，在句子中一般都只能作状语，而不能作主语或宾语；这里 B 项用的是动词原形，是 不能作句子主语的；只有 C 选项这里是动名词的被动形式作句子的主语。故选 C。 2．The youth after 80’s are believed to be selfish and irresponsible, so experts suggest young parents should ____ their children to care about others. A．bring up B．bring out C．bring in D．bring about 【答案】A 【解析】考查词组辨析：A. bring up 养育，培养，B. bring out 显现 C. bring in 引进，赚钱 D. bring about 产生，句意是：80 后被认为是自私的不负责任的，因此专家建议父母应该培 养孩子关心别人。选 A。 完成句子 (1) She _______five children. 她养育了五个孩子。 (2) Her parents died when she was a baby and she _______ her aunt. 她出生後不久父母双亡, 是由姑母抚养大的。 (3)________in the south, he wasn’t used to the cold weather here. 【答案】（1）brought up（2）was brought up by（3）brought up 知识点 8．go ahead 前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说；说吧；干吧 【归纳拓展】 go ahead with 开始做某事 ahead of 在…… 之前；超过 press ahead with 加紧进行，推行 【典例 8】 单项选择 1. （山西康杰中学期中）—I have driven for so long, and now I want to have a rest. —__________. ________ to drive. A．No; It’s my turn B．Yes; It’s your turn C．Go ahead; It’s your turn D．Go ahead; It’s my turn 【答案】D 【解析】句意：上文，我已经开车太长时间了，现在我想休息。下文，好吧，轮到我来开车 了。上文不是一般疑问句，所以不能用 Yes 或 No 回答，It's your turn 轮到你了，It's my turn 轮到我了，根据 Go ahead，选 D。 2. --- I’m worried about the coming test and I’m afraid I can’t pass it. --- __________! I’m sure you’ll make it. A．Go ahead B．Good luck C．No problem D．Cheer up 【答案】D 【解析】考查习语的使用。Go ahead 继续，发生，进行；Good luck“祝你好远”，一般用在 句尾，表示对对方的祝福；No problem 没问题；Cheer up （使）高兴起来，（使）振作起 来；打起精神。句意：上文：我正在考虑明天的考试。我担心我无法通过考试。下文：祝你 好运！我确信你可以成功。 【变式】 写出下列句中 go ahead 的意思。 (1)If you think you can settle the problem, go ahead.____________ (2)The police examined the cars and allowed them to go ahead.______________________ (3)—I'm afraid I have to trouble you with a question. —Go ahead. _______________ 【答案】（1）开始干吧（2）继续前行（3）请说吧 用 ahead 短语填空。 (1)Despite the bad weather, the journey will_______ _______.. 尽管天气不好，旅行将照常进 行。 (2) The building of the new bridge will go ahead _______ _______.as planned.新桥的修建将按 计划进行。 (3)—— Could I use your bike? 我可以用你的自行车吗？ —— _______ _______.用吧。 (4) The new bridge was completed _______ _______ _______. 这座桥提前竣工了。 (5)_______ _______ _______ (径直向前走) for 200 meters and then turn left. 【答案】（1)go ahead （2）go ahead（3）Go ahead （4)ahead of time （5） Go straight ahead 知识点 9．by accident = by chance 偶然；无意中 【归纳拓展】 by contrast 对比之下 by mistake 错误地 by hand 用手，用体力 by machine 用机器 by chance 偶然地 by design 故意地 【典例 9】 语法填空 1. （西安电子科技中学月考）She sliced her finger _______ accident when cutting vegetables. 【答案】by 【解析】句意：当切菜的时候，她无意中切到了她的手指。by accident 是固定用法，意思是 无意中，偶然。故填 by。 2．（北京高三）They worked for two hours to rescue the man who was injured ______in the accident. 【答案】in 【解析】句意：他们花费两个小时营救在事故中受伤的男士。在这次意外事故中，用 in。 【变式】 单项选择 1．In ____ accident _____ knowledge of first aid can make _____ real difference. A．the; a; the B．an; a; a C．an; the; 不填 D．a; a; 不填 【答案】B 【解析】考查冠词。第一空后的 accident 是一个可数名词，可以使用 an accident 指事故这一 类事物；第二空是固定词组 a knowledge of…指掌握…;第三空也是固定词组 make a difference 起作用，有影响；句意：在事故中，掌握了急救知识真地会起作用。故 B 正确。 2．（天津期末）The accident happened at 17:30 local time when a three-vehicle collision occurred in northern region of Radinghem, five people died. A．in which B．of which C．in the accident D．and in which 【答案】A 【解析】考查“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，句意：事故发生在当地时间 17 时 30 分，当时在拉德赫姆的北部地区发生了三辆汽车相撞事故，造成 5 人死亡。句子后半 部分为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 accident，指物，且表示抽象地点的先行词 accident 在 从句中做状语，要用关系副词 where 或者 in which 来引导，故选 A。 完成句子 (1) Last time I ran across her in the street _____ _____. 上次我偶然在街上碰见她。 (2) I only found it _____ _____. 我只是碰巧找到的。 (3) He did it on purpose, not_____ _____.他是故意地，不是无意地。 【答案】(1) by accident (2) by accident (3) by accident 用 by + n. 构成的词组填空。 (1)I was in such a hurry that I took someone else’ s umbrella ________. 我如此匆忙以至于错拿了别人的雨伞。 (2) These toys are made ______ instead of ______, so they are very expensive. 这些玩具是人工做的而不是机器做的，所以他们非常昂贵。 (3) She had found the file ______. 她无意中发现了文件。 【答案】 (1) by accident/chance (2) by hand; by machine (3) by accident 知识点 10. to be honest = to tell (you) the truth = honestly speaking 老实说；说实话 【归纳拓展】 英语中表示“……说”的短语： generally speaking 一般来说 exactly speaking 确切地说 to be frank = frankly speaking 坦率地说 in general 一般地来说 in other words 换句话说 or rather 更确切地说 to sum up 概括地说 that is 也就是说 strictly speaking 严格说来 【典例 10】 语法填空 1．（广东金山中学月考）The boy, whom I consider ________（be） honest, cheated in the exam. 【答案】to be 【解析】句意：我认为那个诚实的男孩在考试中作弊了。分析句子可知，whom I consider ________ 是定语从句，句子谓语是 cheated，consider sb. to be + adj.认为某人怎么样；故填 to be。 2．_______ （be）honest, my father never tells lies but ______（be）honest, I don’t think it a good way to live. 【答案】Being; to be 【解析】Being honest 表示”由于是诚实的” to be honest 意为“说实话”。句意：由于诚实， 我父亲从不说谎。但说实话，我认为不是生存的好方法。故填 Being; to be。 【变式】 完成句子 (1)______ ______ _____, I have no time to do it. 老实说，我没有时间做这件事情。 (2) _____ ______ _____, I don't think we have a chance of winning. 说实话, 我认为我们没有 获胜的可能. (3) ______ _____, he is fit for the job .老实说，他适合这份工作。 【答案】(1) To be honest (2) To be honest (3) Honestly speaking 用表示“……说”的短语填空。 (1) _______ ______, women live longer than men. 一般说来，妇女比男人长寿。 (2) He got home late last night, _______ ______ early this morning.他昨晚很晚才到家，确切地 说是凌晨了。 (3)______ ________, I don’ t enjoy the performance.坦白地说，我不喜欢这场演出。 (4) ________ _______， I admire him for his courage.说实话，我钦佩他的勇气。 (5) ________ _______ ________ ，诚实地说，我不喜欢这种人。 【答案】 (1) Generally speaking (2) or rather (3) To be frank/honest (4) Honestly speaking(5) To be honest 知识点 11. take a chance = take chances 冒险，碰运气 【归纳拓展】 have a good chance/no chance/not much chance of (doing) sth/ to do sth/ that.... 大有希望/没有可能/没什麽希望做某事 by chance: by accident: accidentally: unintentionally 偶然地；意外地；非有意地 the chances are (that)...: it is likely that... 很可能…… give sb. a chance 给某人一个机会 a chance of lifetime 千载难逢的机会 【典例 11】 语法填空 1．---- I wonder if I could make a living by writing. ---- Why not take ________ chance? 【答案】a 【解析】句意为：——我想知道我是否可以靠写作谋生。——为什么不试一下？根据句意可 知，故填 a。 2． The fine for speeding is so heavy that few drivers would take________（chance）. 【答案】chances 【解析】句意：超速的罚款很大以致于很少有司机会冒险。冒险 take chances。故填 chances。 【变式】 单项选择 1．Though I’m not sure of winning ________ match, I will take ________ chance. A．a, a B．the, / C．a, / D．the, a 【答案】D 【解析】考察冠词.赢得比赛,前面用定冠词,特指本次比赛.下文把握一个机会,前用不定冠词, 表示泛指任何一个机会,故选 D. 2. We may lose a lot of support, but that’s the we’ll have to take. A．bond B．bet C．chance D．hazard 【答案】C 【解析】这题考察名词辨析: bond 纽带；Bet 打赌； chance 机会； hazard。句意:我们可 能会失去很多的支持,但这是我们该抓住的机会。故选 C。 完成句子 (1)He ____ _____ ______ _____ when he made the investment. 当时他投资时是冒了大风险 的。 (2)We have to _____ ______ _____ 我们不得不冒险。 (3)He _____ ______ and jumped into the water.他冒险跳到水里。 【答案】(1) took a big chance (2) take a chance. (3) took chances 用 chance 短语填空。 (1) The guide book didn’ t mention there being any hotels, but we decided to ______ ______ ______. 这本指南书没有提到那里有旅馆，但是我们决定冒个险。 (2) You should never ______ ______ when driving a car. 开车的时候你不应该冒险。 (3)I looked forward to the chances ______ going abroad.我盼望着有出国学习的机会。 【答案】 (1) take a chance (2) take chances (3) of 知识点 12. on the contrary 与此相反；正相反[只作状语] 【归纳拓展】 to the contrary（表明是）相反的；相反地[作定语和状语] (be) contrary to 违反（某事物）；与……相反 【典例 12】 语法填空 1． ---You are quite free now, I think. ---_________ the contrary, I have tons of things to do. 【答案】On 【解析】句意：--我认为你现在一点都不忙。--相反，我有许多事情要做。On the contrary 相 反，根据句意故填 On。 2．（2020·河南郑州外国语学校高三月考）Contrary _____ what many people thought, the graduate came here not to seek fame or money but the true value of life. 【答案】to 【解析】句意：与许多人的想法真好相反，这个毕业生来这里不是追求名利的，而是追求生 活的真正价值的。Contrary to 与……相反。故填 to。 【变式】 完成句子 (1) It doesn’ t seem ugly to me; ______ ______ ______, I think it’ s rather beautiful. 我觉得它并 不丑, 恰恰相反, 它挺美。 (2)It wasn’ t a good thing; ______ ______ ______ it was a huge mistake. 这并不是一件好事，相 反，这是个巨大的错误。 (3) I will continue to believe it until I get proof ______ ______ ______.我会一直相信直到我得 到相反的证据。 【答案】（1）on the contrary （2）on the contrary（3）contrary to 用 contrary 短语填空。 (1) The car isn’ t expensive. ______ ______ ______, it’s quite cheap. (2) I will come on Monday unless you write me ______ ______ ______. (3) The results were ______ ______ expectation. 【答案】 (1) On the contrary (2)to the contrary (3)to the contrary 【考点精析】 考点 1. find +sb./sth. + 宾语补足语 【教材原句】Towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. 快到黄昏的时 候，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。 【句法分析】find +sb./sth. + 宾语补足语 = find + (that) + sb./sth. + 谓语动词 搭配： find +sb./sth. doing 发现……在做……(主动) find sb./sth. done 发现……被做……(被动) find oneself in/at... 发觉自己在某处／处于…… find sb adj 发现某人….. 【例句研读】 （1）I found that the boy was watching through the hole.我发现那个男孩正在透过洞往里面看。 （2）When day broke, we found ourselves in a thick forest at the foot of the mountain. 当天亮的时候，我们发现我们到了山脚下的一片森林里。 （3）He found a dying dog lying on the ground.他发现一条奄奄一息的狗躺在地上。 （4）When he came to life , he found himself tied to a tree.当他苏醒过来的时候，他发现自己被 捆在一棵树上。 （5）I found the boy very clever. 我发现这个男孩非常聪明。 【拓展归纳】 find +宾语+补语，相当于 find+宾语从句 例如： I found him clever. =I found him was clever. He found a stranger looking at him. =He found that a stranger was looking at him. 【考点聚焦】考查 find 后面宾补的用法。 【典例 1】 用所给词的适当形式填空或翻译。 (1) I found the boy _______ (hide) behind the door. (2)When night fell, we _______ _______ _______ (发现我们到了一个村子里) a small village. (3)The film star________ ________ ________ ________ (发觉自己被围住) a group of fans immediately he got off the car. 【答案】 (1)hiding (2)found ourselves in (3)found himself surrounded by 【变式】 1. On the bank of the river, we found him _____on a bench, with his eyes _____on a kite in the sky. A. seated; fixing B. sitting; fixing C. seated; being fixed D. sitting; fixed 【答案】D 【解析】第一空 find sb doing sth 发现某人正在做某事；第二空 with 的复合结构，眼睛被锁 定在风筝上，用过去分词。故选 D。 2. Once again I found myself standing at the crossroads, two paths ahead of me. A. lain B. lying C. to lie D. lie 【答案】B 【解析】考查独立主格结构。two paths 和 lie 之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。故选 B。 考点 2 when 引导的状语从句 【教材原句】The next morning I’ d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，正当我感到绝望时一船发现了我。 【句法分析】句中 when 为并列连词，译为“就在这时”，表示一种未预料到或突然发生的情 况，常用于讲述过去发生的事情或故事。例如： 【拓展归纳】 when 常用于以下句型： (1)be about to do …when… 正要做某事就…… (2) be on the point of doing…when… 正要做某事就…… (3) be doing…when… 正在做某事就在这时…… (4) had just done sth. when... 刚做完某事就…… (5) had hardly done…when… 几乎还没有做完某事就…… 【例句研读】 （1）He was about to go out when it began to rain. 他正要出去时天下起雨来了。 （2）I’ d just finished my test paper when the bell rang. 我刚做完试卷下课铃就响了。 （3）The boy was riding when he fell off his bike. 那个小孩正在骑车，就在这时，摔了下来。 （4）He was on the point of giving up when help came.他刚刚要放弃这是救援到来了。 （5）I had hardly got home when it began to rain.我刚刚到家就下起雨来。 【考点聚焦】考查 when 引导的状语从句 【典例 2】 语法填空 ( 1)He was about to go out ________ it began to rain. 他正要出去时天下起雨来了。 【答案】(1) when (2)I’ d just finished my test paper ________ the bell rang. 我刚做完试卷下课铃就响了。 【答案】(2) when (3)The boy ________ ________ when he fell off his bike. 那个小孩正骑着车，就在这时，摔了 下来。 【答案】(3) was riding 【变式】 单项选择 1.How did you manage to get back home ________ you had your money stolen? A. if B. when C. once D. because 【答案】B 【解析】考查连词辨析。A 如果；B 当……时候；C 一旦；D 因为。句意：你钱被偷的时候， 你是怎么成功的回家的？。故 B 正确。 2.You can’t complain about being left out ______you don’t make any effort to share your joys and sorrows with others. A. once B. unless C. when D. though 【答案】 C 【解析】句意：既然你没有努力的和别人分享快乐和悲伤，你就不要抱怨被别人遗忘。A. once 一旦， B. unless 除非，C. when 当…时候，既然，D. though 虽然，所以选 C。 考点 3 疑问词+ ever 引导名词性从句 【教材原句】You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. 您只要想来随时 欢迎，您想吃什么尽管吃。 【句法分析】疑问词+ ever 可引导名词性从句，相当于 anyone who, anything that, any time when 等，用来加强语气 【例句研读】 (1) Whoever says that is a liar. 说那话的人是个骗子。 (2) I’ ll believe whatever you say. 我将相信你所说的一切。 (3) You can choose whatever you like in the shop. = You can choose anything that you like in the shop. (4)Whatever you say, I’ ll believe you. 无论你说什么，我都相信你。 【拓展归纳】 疑问词+ ever 还可引导让步状语从句, 相当于 no matter + 疑问词。如： 1)Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished. = No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished. 2) Whenever you have problems, you may turn to me for help. = No matter when you have problems, you may turn to me for help. 【考点聚焦】考查疑问词+ ever 引导的名词性从句和状语从句 【典例 3】 (1)In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send help______there is human suffering. A．whoever B．however C．whatever D．wherever 【答案】D 【解析】句意为“在和平时期，红十字会也应把帮助送到人们受苦难的地方”。 (2) All the books I have are here. You may borrow ______ you like. A．whatever B．whichever C．whenever D．however 【答案】B 【解析】whichever 强调“在某一范围内任何一个人/物”。whatever 指“任何(某事)”，不强调范 围。 3. He tried his best to solve the problem, ______difficult it was. A. however B. no matter C. whatever D. although 【答案】A 【解析】：however 引导让步状语从句，等于 no matter how, 若用 although，应改为 although it was difficult。 4. ______，I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing 【答案】C 【解析】(4)however＝no matter how，引导让步状语从句，后接“adj./adv.＋主＋谓”结构。 考点 4 That’s why 从句 【教材原句】That’s why we’ve given you the letter. 这正是我们给你这封信的原因。 【句法分析】句中 why 引导表语从句，表示结果，例如： He got up late ; that was why he came late to school. 他起床晚了；那就是他为什么来晚的原因。 【拓展归纳】 表示原因结果的句型： That is because +从句 The reason was that +从句 【例句研读】 He fell ill ;that was why he was absent from the meeting .他病了；那就是他为什么缺席会议。 He was absent from the meeting ; that was because he was ill .他缺席了会议；那是因为他病了。 The reason why he was absent from the meeting was that he fell ill.他缺席会议的原因是他病了。 他缺席会议的原因是因为他病了。 【考点聚焦】考查表语从句 【典例 4】 (1) That is the reason _____I refused it. A. why B. for that C. because D. which 【答案】A 【解析】考查关系副词 why 的用法，只起引导作用，不做成份，先行词 reason 意思“原因”， 从句 I refused it，不缺少成份，根据意思，可知选 A (2) He did not go by bike with me. That is ______there was something wrong with his bike. A. why B. how C. because D. whether 【答案】A 【解析】通过分析句子结构，可知这是一个复合句，其中包含一个表语从句，且引导词在从 句中作原因状语，故用 why 。 【拓展】：连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, how, whoever，whomever，whichever ，whatever 等。还有如 because, as if, as though 等。解答这 类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构。通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分及意义，来选择 正确的引导词。 (3) He was badly hurt last night. That is _____ he didn’t come to school. A. because B. that C. why D. what 【答案】C 【解析】考查表语从句：句意：昨晚他受伤严重，这就是他为什么没来学校的原因。选 C。 (4) He kept yawning in class this morning. That is _____ he stayed up late doing his homework last night. A. why B. how C. because D. whether 【答案】C 【解析】句意：今天早晨上课他一直在打哈欠。那是因为他昨晚熬夜到很晚写家庭作业的缘 故。通过分析句子结构，可知这个句子中包含一个表语从句，且表示“因为”，这样的意思， 所以用 because，选 C。 考点 5 话题写作——文学艺术（ 人与社会 ） 【典例 17】 （2019·重庆南开中学期末）假定你是李华，你校将举办文学艺术节(Literature and Art Festival)。请给你校外教 Phil 写邮件，邀请他做讲座。邮件内容包括: 1.主题:美国文学; 2. 时间: 12 月 28 日，下午 4 点; 3.地点: 艺术馆大厅(Art Gallery Hall)。 注意: 1. 词数 100 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯； 3. 书写占 5 分。 Dear Phil, _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to hearing from you son Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Phil, Dear Phil, I’m glad to tell you that our school is to hold a Literature and Art Festival．We know that you have a background in American literature. Therefore, we look forward to your lecture on American literature. It is aimed to arouse students’ interest in American literature．This is a good chance to make a culture exchange and also a good opportunity for Chinese students to learn more． As scheduled, the lecture will be held at the Art Gallery Hall，on December 28th, 4 p.m. Looking forward to hearing from you soon Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 这是一篇提纲类作文。要求写一封邀请信。 文章内容要点已经给出。考生在写这篇文章时，要注意以下几点： 1.本篇是要邀请你校外教 Phil 做讲座。以美国文学为主题。通篇应该以一般现在时和将来时 时态为主。 2. 注意文章要以书信的形式进行叙述，因为是邀请外教出席活动。故应注意讲话语气，并且 要说明时间地点。3.根据要点，先组词句；句式丰富，避免单调。 4.要点要齐全，但是不要对要点进行简单的罗列。可以使用适当的连接词，使上下文行文流 畅，衔接自然流程。 【范文亮点】 1.文章使用了“be aimed to do；look forward to；have a background in ”等句式短语。 2.文章使用了几个高分句型 I’m glad to tell you that our school is to hold a Literature and Art Festival that 引导的宾语从句；As scheduled, the lecture will be held at the Art Gallery Hall 使用 被动语态结构。 【变式】 （2019·河北高三月考）假定你是李华，你校将举办“中国古典名著研讨会”活动。请用英文 给喜欢中国文学的外教 Smith 写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加该活动。内容包括： 1. 活动时间和地点； 2. 活动目的：走进中国古典文学，感受中国传统文化； 3. 活动内容：探讨名家，交流阅读经验。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _ 【答案】Dear Smith, I’m writing to tell you something exciting. There will be a seminar about Chinese classics in our school hall next Friday. Now let me tell you more details about it. Basically, the activity is aimed to offer us a further approach into Chinese classics and help us form a better understanding of the traditional Chinese culture. During the activity, we will read and appreciate the charming Chinese works in various ways. Meanwhile, we will have some discussions about the famous masters, which will allow students to communicate with each other face to face, sharing their own reading experience together. It will be a wonderful activity, and I sincerely invite you to join in it. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 这是一篇应用文写作。 第 1 步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假定你是李华，你校将举办“中国古典名著 研讨会”活动。请用英文给喜欢中国文学的外教 Smith 写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加该活动。 内容包括：1. 活动时间和地点；2. 活动目的：走进中国古典文学，感受中国传统文化；3. 活 动内容：探讨名家，交流阅读经验。 第 2 步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）, 如：seminar（研讨会）；detail（细节）；aim to （旨在）；further approach（进一步）；form（形成）；appreciate（欣赏）等。 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要 应用一般将来时。 第 4 步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】 范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如 There will be a seminar about Chinese classics in our school hall next Friday. 运用了 there be 句 型；Meanwhile, we will have some discussions about the famous masters, which will allow students to communicate with each other face to face, sharing their own reading experience together.非谓语动词以及非限定性定语从句的运用。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了 很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添 彩。