【英语】山东省淄博市第七中学2019-2020学年高一下3月线上考试试题(解析版)

【英语】山东省淄博市第七中学2019-2020学年高一下3月线上考试试题(解析版)

山东省淄博市第七中学2019-2020学年高一下3月线上考试 英语试题 第I卷（选择题)‎ 一、选择题(共20个小题，每小题1.5分，共30分。)‎ ‎1.He ______ writing the paper now. He hadn’t written a single word when I left him ten minutes ago.‎ A. shouldn’t be B. can’t have finished C. can’t be D. mustn’t have finished ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查推测句。句意：他现在不可能写完了卷子。我十分钟之前留下他时，他还没有写一个字。根据句意可知，此处考查对过去情况的否定推测，其表达为can’t have done不可能做某事，故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查推测句 对过去情况的肯定推测是must have done 对过去情况的否定推测是can’t/couldn’t have done 例如:‎ The ground is wet, so it must have rained last night.‎ He can’t have finished his work, because he played basketball all day yesterday.‎ ‎2.The phone is ringing! ________ it be your teacher Shawn? He was looking for you the whole morning since you’ve got so many Fails!‎ A. Can B. Would C. May D. Will ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查情态动词。句意：电话响了！会不会是你的老师Shawn？你挂了太多科，他一早上都在找你。分析句子可知，此句为疑问句，情态动词can通常指用于否定句或疑问句中表示对现在或将来的推测，根据下文“He was looking for you the whole morning since you’ve got so many Fails!”，可推断推测电话是谁打来的，故用can，选A。‎ ‎3.More and more countries have come to realize that the world____ do without Huawei and its "more advanced" technology.‎ A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn't ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查情态动词。句意：越来越多的国家意识到世界上离不开华为和它更先进的科技。A. can’t不能；B. needn’t不需要；C. mustn’t一定不能；D. shouldn't不应该。can’t do without意为“离不开”，为固定搭配。故选A。‎ ‎4.—Must I hand in the homework right now?‎ ‎—‘That’s the rule． ____________‎ A. Yes，you can． B. No，you can’t．‎ C. Yes，you must． D. No，you mustn’t．‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查情态动词一般疑问句的回答。句意：——我必须现在交作业吗?——这是规则。是的，你必须。A. Yes，you can.是的，你能；B. No，you can’t．不，你不能；C. Yes，you must.是的，你必须；D. No，you mustn’t．不，你禁止。回答must，肯定句用must，表示“必须”。结合句意可知答案为C。‎ ‎5.AI will surely be a feature of future life, but it _____ be used responsibly and in a proper way.‎ A. can B. need C. must D. will ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查情态动词。句意：人工智能肯定会成为未来生活的一个特征，但必须以负责任的方式和适当的方式使用它。A. can能够；B. need需要；C. must必须；D. will将会。此处为情态动词的一般用法，结合句意表示“必须”，故选C。‎ ‎6.It was already dark. Then,I wonder how she ______ through the forest by herself.‎ A. dared not to go B. dare going C. not dare to D. dared to go ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查固定用法。句意：天已经黑了。然后，我想知道她怎么敢一个人穿过森林。dare做情态动词时通用于所有人称，后接动词原形；用作实义动词时，跟其他动词一样，借助助动词构成否定句和疑问句。故选D。‎ ‎7.He realized that someone __________ his room. Something important was missing.‎ A shouldn’t have entered B. could have entered C. can’t have entered D. must have entered ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意：他意识到一定有人进过他的房间。某个重要的东西丢了。由“Something important was missing. ”可知，某个重要的东西丢了。所以一定有人进过他的房间。must have done意为“肯定做过某事”，是对过去事情的肯定推测。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】情态动词+have+done的用法讲解 情态动词+have+done是历年高考的重点和难点之一，现将其用法总结归纳如下：‎ 一、 “must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。‎ 二、 “can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。‎ 三、 “can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。‎ 四、 “could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。‎ 五、 “may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。‎ 六、 “might+have+done”表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。‎ 七、 “would+have+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。‎ 八、 “should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。” “shouldn't+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。‎ 九、 “ought to+have+done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做……”，往往表示遗憾, 与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。‎ 十、 “need+have+done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“needn't+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。‎ must have done意为“肯定做过某事”，是对过去事情的肯定推测。分析句意可知， must have entered符合句意。故D选项正确。‎ ‎8.From her knowledge of Douglas's habits，she feels sure that the attacker last night ___________Douglas.‎ A. mustn't have been B. can't have been C. shouldn't have been D. wouldn't have been ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查情态动词+完成式。句意：从她的Douglas的习惯知识，她觉得昨晚的攻击者不可能是Douglas。根据句中feels sure 和last night可知，这是对过去事情有把握的否定推测。固定结构：can’t have done“不可能做了某事”，表示对过去有把握的否定推测。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构：‎ ‎1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.‎ ‎2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He can't have finished the work so soon.‎ ‎3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have known it beforehand.‎ ‎4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.‎ ‎5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如：‎ You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）‎ He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）‎ ‎6.“would ＋ have ＋ 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：‎ I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.‎ Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.‎ ‎9.If customers think the services are worthwhile, I do believe many of them ________ accept and pay for them.‎ A. had better B. may well C. may as well D. may ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查情态动词。句意：如果消费者认为这个服务是值得的话，我肯定相信他们中的一些人满可以接受并为此买单。服务觉得值得，就可以很好地接受并买单，故选B。‎ ‎10.While it wasn’t the goal of the trip, I was rewarded with fresh insights, ones that ________ to me during the regular course of business.‎ A. might never happen B. could never have happened C. should not happen D. needn’t have happened ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：虽然这并不是这次旅行的目的，但我得到了一些新的领悟，那些领悟在我的日常生活中是本不可能发生的。此处考查虚拟语气，“我得到新的领悟”发生在过去，故此处是与过去事实相反，应用could/might/would/need/should+have done，“本不可能发生”是could never have happened，故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查“情态动词+have done”的虚拟语气，其常用表达有：‎ could have done本能做某事而未做 couldn’t have done不可能做了某事 should have done本应该做某事而未做 shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事而做了 would have done本会某事而未做 wouldn’t have done本不会做某事而做了 need have done本需要做某事而未做 needn’t have done本不必要做某事而做了 ‎11.—You rang me up at about 10:00 last night, didn't you?‎ ‎—No, I didn't phone you. It someone else.‎ A. must have been B. could be C. must be D. could have been ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意：“昨晚10点左右你给我打了电话，是吗？”“不，我没给你打电话。一定是别人干的。” must have done 是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”，结合语境可知，我没有打电话给你，因此猜测一定有别人给你打了电话 。故选A项。‎ ‎12.Tom is nice and lovely, but he be very naughty at times.‎ A. can B. shall C. must D. should ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查情态动词。句意：汤姆很好很可爱，但是他有时也很淘气。A. can可能；B. shall用于第三人称时，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁；C. must必须，一定；D. should应该。根据题意，表示可能性，故选A。‎ ‎13.She looks very happy. She_________ the exam.‎ A. can have passed B. should have passed C. must have passed D. could have passed ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查情态动词。句意；她看起来很高兴。她一定通过了考试。must /could+ have done表示对过去发生的事情的推测，意为“一定/可能（已经）… ”，本句中根据语境She looks very happy可判断，用 must have passed语气较强，意为“一定是已经通过了（考试）”，故排除D项，选C。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查情态动词完成式表推测。我们知道，表示推测的情态动词常用的有must / may / might / could/should/ ought to等，其中，must语气最强，只用于肯定句中，can/could常用于否定句和疑问句，may/might常用于陈述句。其后加“have +过去分词”形式时，常常表示对过去情况的推测。例如：‎ ‎（1）It must / may / might / could have rained last night. The ground is wet.地湿了，昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了。‎ ‎（2）The door was locked. He can ( could ) not / may ( might ) not have been at home .门锁着，他不可能/可能不在家。‎ ‎（3）Can / Could he have gotten the book？难道他找到书了吗？‎ 注：情态动词 should /ought to表推测时，意为“想必会，理应……”但与“have +过去分词”连用时，则又可构成虚拟语气意为“本应该做某事却没做”。‎ ‎14.–Do you know where David is? He is not in the office.‎ ‎–Well, he ______ have gone far—his coat is still here.‎ A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. wouldn’t ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意：——你知道大卫在哪里吗?他不在办公室。——哦，他不可能走远了——他的大衣还在这儿。A. shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事；B. mustn’t 禁止；C. can’t have done 不可能做过某事；D. wouldn’t have done虚拟语气，是否定性推测，表示对过去事情的假设。根据his coat is still here可知这里意思是他不可能走远了，故选C。‎ ‎15.The traffic is heavy today. I ____ arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?‎ A. can B. must C. dare D. might ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：今天的交通很拥挤。我也许晚一点到，你能给我留个地方吗？此处指“我也许会晚到一会”。表示事实上的可能性，用may或might，can 表示逻辑的可能性；must表示肯定性推测，根据语境，可能性不大，故不用must；dare表示“敢”。综上所述，故选D。‎ ‎16.If we had paid enough attention to the issue of the heavily-overloaded vehicles, the tragedy of the collapse of an overpass in Wuxi _____ avoided.‎ A. should B. could be C. should have been D. could have been ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查情态动词用法。句意：如果我们对超载车辆问题给予足够的重视，就可以避免无锡立交桥垮塌的悲剧。本句为“情态动词+have done”结构，结合句意表示“本来可以；本来能够”应用could have done结构，且主语与谓语动词avoid构成被动关系，故应用be done形式。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】情态动词+have done的结构和用法有以下几种：‎ 一、must have done sth.“一定做了某事”。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测，这时只能用在肯定句中，“肯定/必须已经干过……”，在否定句和疑问句中用can’t或couldn’t或can/ could，例如：‎ ‎1.From what you said, she must have told you all about it. 从你的话看，她一定告诉了你所有的事情。‎ 二、can/could have done sth.本来能够做某事，而实际上未做；‎ ‎1.But we could have done it all so much better. 但是，我们本可以把这一切做得更好。‎ 三、can't/couldn't have done sth.不可能做过某事；‎ ‎1. We could't have done it without you.‎ 没有你我们办不成这事。‎ 四、ought to/should have done sth.过去本应该做某事而实际上并没有做。‎ You should have done it when you first saw them blooming this spring. 你应该在今年春天第一次看到它们盛开的时候就挖一些的。‎ ‎2.Even if it’s something you should have done earlier in the week or missed a detail on.‎ 甚至你在一个星期前的就提早完成了一件事或者忽略了一个小细节。‎ ‎17.—What about seeing the new movie at the theatre tonight?‎ ‎—Sounds great, but I ____ work extra hours to finish a report.‎ A. have got to B. am able to C. am glad to D. am willing to ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：---今晚在剧院看新电影怎么样？---听起来不错，但我得加班完成一份报告。A. have got to不得不，表示客观上必须做的； B. am able to有能力做某事； C. am glad to很高兴；D. am willing to愿意做。本句中有人提议看新电影，对方认为主意不错，但不得不加班写报告。写报告是不得不做的事，故选A。‎ ‎18.You _____ be right but I’m going back to check anyway.‎ A. should B. must C. need D. might ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查情态动词。句意：你或许是对的，但我还是要回去核对一下。A. should应该；B. must一定，必须；C. need需要；D. might或许。本题主要考查情态动词表示推测的用法，由I’m going back to check anyway可知，我对此不确定。由此可知，D项符合题意。故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】can / could用于表推测的用法 ‎(1) 从使用句型上看，can 通常只用于否定句或疑问句，一般不用于肯定句，而could 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。两者没有时间上的差别，只是could 比 can 更委婉，更不确定。‎ ‎(2) 从时间关系看，对现在或将来情况作推测，后接动词原形；对正在进行的情况作推测，后接 be doing 结构；对过去情况作推测，后接动词完成式。‎ 二、 may / might用于表推测的用法 表示推测，两者都可用，只是 might 比 may 语气更不确定，表示的可能性更小。如本题，根据I’m going back to check anyway可知，我对此不确定。由此可知，D项符合题意。(1) 在句型使用方面：两者均可用于肯定句和否定句，但用于疑问句时，may通常不用于句首，但可用于疑问句的句中（如特殊疑问句等），而might尽管可以用于疑问句的句首，但不算普通，通常会改用其他句式（如用could等）。‎ 三、must表示推测的用法 must 表示很有把握的推测，其意为“一定会”“肯定会”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑问句。表示对现在或未来的情况作推测，后接动词原形；表示对过去情况的推测，接动词完成式。‎ ‎19.Her companion_____ a trick on her, for she was not in the mood for everything that day.‎ A. can’t have played B. must have played C. should have played D. needn’t have played ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查情态动词 + have done的用法。句意：她的同伴一定是跟她开了个玩笑，因为那天她心情不好。A. can’t have played不可能开玩笑；B. must have played一定在开玩笑；‎ C. should have played本应该开玩笑；D. needn’t have played本不需要开玩笑。表示对过去发生的事情的非常有把握的肯定推测，故选B。‎ ‎20.Traveling by subway ______ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.‎ A. must B. can C. shall D. should ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险，尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须；一定；B. can能够；可能；C. shall将会；D. should应该；应当。本句中can表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力），故选B。‎ 二、阅读理解(共20个小题，每小题2分，共40分。)‎ A Eating red meat is linked to cancer and heart disease, but are the risks big enough to justify giving up juicy burgers and delicious steaks? Probably not, according to researchers who reviewed data from 12 clinical trials involving about 54,000 people. In a series of controversial papers, the researchers argue that the increased health risks tied to red meat are small and uncertain, and that cutting back likely wouldn't be worth it for people who enjoy meat.‎ Those conclusions go against established medical advice. They were swiftly attacked by a group of famous U.S. scientists who took the unusual step of trying to stop the papers from being published until their criticisms were addressed.‎ The new work does not say red or processed meats like hot dogs and bacon are healthy, or that people should eat more of them. The team’s reviews of past studies generally support the ties to cancer, heart disease and other bad health outcomes. But the authors say the evidence is weak, and that there’s not much certainty meat is really the cause, since other diet and lifestyle factors could be at play.‎ If the latest example of how divisive nutrition research has become, with its uncertainties leaving the door open for conflicting advice. Critics say findings often aren't backed by strong ‎ evidence. Defenders counter that nutrition studies can rarely be conclusive because of the difficulty of measuring the effects of any single food, but that methods have improved.‎ Based on their analyses, the researchers said people do not have to cut back for health reasons. But they noted that their own advice is weak, and acknowledged that they didn't consider factors such as animal welfare and the environment. Indeed, the case that meat production is bad for animal welfare and the environment is stronger than the case that it's bad for human health, according to an editorial that accompanies the report.‎ Not all of the report authors agreed with its conclusions. Three of the 14 researchers said they support reducing red and processed meats. A coauthor of one of the reviews is also among those who called for a publication delay.‎ Those who pushed to postpone publication also questioned why certain studies were included in the reviews while others were left out.‎ As for his own diet, Dr. Gordon Guyatt, a member of the international research team that conducted the reviews, said he no longer thinks red or processed meats have significant health risks. But he said he still avoids them out of habit, and for animal welfare and environmental reasons.‎ ‎21. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?‎ A. To introduce a new relationship between health and eating red meat.‎ B. To urge more people to keep away from eating red meat regularly.‎ C. To present a new controversial view on impacts of eating red meat.‎ D. To criticize nutrition studies for lacking of conclusive evidence.‎ ‎22. What is the author’s attitude towards the new research?‎ A. Doubtful. B. Positive.‎ C. Disapproving. D. Objective.‎ ‎23. Guyatt’s avoiding red meats has the weakest connection with ________.‎ A. health risks B. diet habits C. animal welfare D. environmental protection ‎24. What can we learn from the recent research?‎ A. Red meats don’t have significant health risks.‎ B. Reducing meat consumption will be worth it.‎ C. The report authors have reached a consensus.‎ D. Consuming red meat will do good to health.‎ 这是一篇说明文。一些研究人员通过研究12项涉及约54000人的临床试验的数据，认为与红肉相关的健康风险增加很小，而且不确定，对于那些喜欢吃肉的人来说，减少可能是不值得的。但一些科学家不同意此结论，这些研究人员中有一些也有不同看法。‎ ‎【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎21. 推理判断题。根据第一段开头“Eating red meat is linked to cancer and heart disease, but are the risks big enough to justify giving up juicy burgers and delicious steaks? Probably not, according to researchers...”可知，吃红肉与癌症和心脏病有关，但是否这些风险大到足以让你放弃多汁的汉堡和美味的牛排呢？根据研究人员研究发现，答案是不一定，引导出了一个关于吃红肉有争议的新观点，故选C。‎ ‎22. 推理判断题。根据“according to researchers who reviewed data”，“ the researchers argue that”，“Those conclusions go against established medical advice”，“The team's reviews of past studies”“ the latest example”，“ Based on their analyses”等等，可知作者主要引用研究发现、结果、例子等客观数据和事实来写这篇文章，可知作者对新研究的态度是客观的，故选D。‎ ‎23. 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“But he said he still avoids them out of habit, and for animal welfare and environmental reasons.”可知，但他说避免吃红肉是出于习惯，也是为了保护动物福利和环境，没有说是健康风险问题，可以判断Guyatt避免吃红肉与健康风险的关系最弱，故选A。‎ ‎24. 推理判断题。根据第三段“The new work does not say red or processed meats like hot dogs and bacon are healthy, or that people should eat more of them. The team's reviews of past studies generally support the ties to cancer, heart disease and other bad health outcomes. But the authors say the evidence is weak...”可知，这项新研究并没有说红肉或加工肉类如热狗和熏肉是健康的，也没有说人们应该多吃。以往研究通常支持红肉与癌症、心脏病和其他不良健康的联系，但这项研究的作者说这个证据是站不住脚的，可以推断红肉没有明显的健康风险，故选A。‎ B There it was. A test of will power. I’m on a special diet with foods carefully selected for balanced nutrition and caloric value. A piece of cheese cake is not an option. So here was my ‎ dilemma: Should I not eat the cheese cake, feel dissatisfied and take out my frustration on the annoyingly skinny physical instructor at the gym? Or should I eat the cheese cake and work off the calories?‎ The latter seemed like a win-win solution. Not only would I get to enjoy the cheese cake, but I’d get an exercise session. And then it hit me: a delicate plan to use my cheese cake as an exercise incentive. I plated a thin slice of cheese cake and carefully walked it up the stairs and set it on my bedside table with a small fork. I put on my exercise outfit and went downstairs.‎ The appeal of the cheese cake got stronger so I launched my plan: I would run up and down the stairs and then back up again. My reward: one small bite of cheese cake. If I wanted another, I’d have to run down and up and down and up again. Off I went. Ah, creamy vanilla goodness without guilt. I wanted another bite so I quickly sprinted through another stair climbing run.‎ Admittedly, it is harder to enjoy the creaminess of the cheese cake when my tongue was dry from over-breathing. I placed a bottle of water next to the cake.‎ Down and up and down and up again. When I struggled over to the cheese cake, my hand bypassed the plate and went for the water instead. I didn’t want the cake any more. I wanted all this sweat and effort to do more than cancel the calories from cheese cake. I was exhausted and sure the cheese cake tasted fine but just not good enough to make me run up and down the stairs one more time.‎ My plan worked. Now, any time I felt tempted to indulge in a former favorite, I remembered my stairs trick.‎ ‎25. What can we infer about the author from paragraph 1?‎ A. She has weak will power.‎ B. She is bad-tempered and very critical.‎ C. She needs assistance with making the choice.‎ D. She hesitated over eating something against her diet.‎ ‎26. What does the underlined word “incentive” in paragraph 2 mean?‎ A. Motivation. B. Excuse.‎ C Substitute. D. Companion.‎ ‎27. What do we learn about the author’s plan?‎ A. It involved much energy consumption.‎ B. It rid the cake of the pleasant taste.‎ C. It changed the author’s preference for food.‎ D. It was exhausting and caused suffering.‎ ‎28. What may be the best title for the passage?‎ A. A costly dilemma.‎ B. An evil cheese cake.‎ C. A trick that worked.‎ D. A sweating experience.‎ 本文是记叙文。作者非常在意食物的营养和热量值均衡，当面对并不是作者首选的美味的奶酪蛋糕时，作者陷入了两难的境地。后来，她想到一个巧妙的计划，用奶酪蛋糕作为锻炼的动力，通过反复的操作后，作者感觉奶酪蛋糕的诱惑没有开始那么大了，不想再吃蛋糕了。现在，每当她想沉溺于以前的最爱，她就想起了这个微妙的计划。‎ ‎【答案】25. D 26. A 27. A 28. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎25. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的A piece of cheese cake is not an option. So here was my dilemma: Should I not eat the cheese cake, feel dissatisfied and take out my frustration on the annoyingly skinny physical instructor at the gym? Or should I eat the cheese cake and work off the calories?（奶酪蛋糕不是应该的选择。因此我陷入两难之地：我应该不吃奶酪蛋糕，感到不满足，然后把我的不满发泄在健身房里讨厌的瘦教练身上?还是我应该吃奶酪蛋糕，再消耗掉这些卡路里?）可推知，当面对并不是作者应该选吃的美味的奶酪蛋糕时，作者陷入了两难的境地。由此可知，她对吃违背她的健康饮食的东西时犹豫不决。故选D。‎ ‎26. 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的My reward: one small bite of cheese cake.（我的奖励是：一小口奶酪蛋糕）可推知，划线词所在句And then it hit me: a delicate plan to use my cheese cake as an exercise incentive.句意为“然后我突然想到了一个巧妙的计划：用奶酪蛋糕作为锻炼的奖励”。结合选项：A. Motivation动力；B. Excuse借口；C. Substitute代用品；D. Companion同伴。故选A。‎ ‎27. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的I wanted all this sweat and effort to do more than cancel the calories from cheese cake. I was exhausted and sure the cheese cake tasted fine but just not good enough to make me run up and down the stairs one more time.（‎ 我希望所有的汗水和努力不仅仅是抵消奶酪蛋糕的热量。我累坏了，奶酪蛋糕尝起来味道不错，但还不足以让我在楼梯上跑上跑下）可知，作者的这个计划，消耗了她很多热量，把她累坏了。故选A。‎ ‎28. 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的And then it hit me: a delicate plan to use my cheese cake as an exercise incentive.（然后我想到了一个巧妙的计划：用奶酪蛋糕作为锻炼的奖励）及最后一段中的My plan worked.（我的计划奏效了）可知，作者主要介绍了自己面对饮食诱惑时想到的一个巧妙的计划。由此可知，C项A trick that worked（一个有效的伎俩）适合做本文最佳标题。故选C。‎ C New Year’s resolutions（决心）often fail, but now a new study may just provide motivation for you to stick to them. Scientists found that meeting goals — such as giving up drinking or smoking — can slash your risk of cancer.‎ The large-scale study — of half a million Britons — looked at the effects of quitting tobacco，limiting alcohol intake, maintaining a low body mass index (BMI), exercising regularly and eating a healthy diet. Each individual behaviour was found to bring a decrease in the chance of getting cancer of about eight per cent. But if people carried out all together the overall risk reduction was about a third — and likely a greater cut in deaths from the disease.‎ The researchers from Cardiff University examined data from 343,150 people from the UK Biobank to identify the five healthy behaviours and compare them to the risk of cancer. The subjects were aged 40 to 69 and 14,285 were diagnosed （诊断）with the disease during an average follow-up of just over five years. The team found that adopting（采用）all the studied healthy behaviours brought a 25 and 35 percent reduction in bowel and breast cancer respectively — two of the most common forms of the disease.‎ The team said the findings may not sound surprising — but they serve as a reminder of the importance behind turning resolutions into permanent lifestyle choices.‎ Professor Elwood, the lead researcher，said the real problem for people adopting resolutions was translating the unclear idea of lifestyle choices being “good” into useful evidence — which was what this study provided. “A healthy lifestyle has many additional benefits to cancer reduction — it costs nothing, has no undesirable side effects…and is better than any pill.”‎ ‎29. What does the underlined word “slash” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ A. Cut. B. Increase.‎ C. Change. D. Keep.‎ ‎30. What can be learnt from the passage?‎ A. Almost half of the subjects of the research got cancer.‎ B. Bowel cancer and breast cancer are the most common diseases.‎ C. A healthy habit will bring down the risk of cancer by 33%.‎ D. The research shows the benefits of carrying out New Year’s resolutions.‎ ‎31. According to Professor Elwood, the research is mainly aimed at ______.‎ A. warning people of the risk of cancer B. removing people’s doubts about healthy lifestyles C. persuading people into sticking to healthy lifestyles D. proving the relation between lifestyles and cancer ‎32. What would probably be the best title?‎ A. How to Choose Healthy Lifestyles?‎ B. Quit New Year’s Resolutions? Think Again!‎ C. Make Your New Year’s Resolutions Wisely!‎ D. Healthy Lifestyles Bring Down Cancer Risks!‎ 本文为议论文，从健康角度说明了好的生活方式带来的好处，敦促人们要保持健康的行为习惯。‎ ‎【答案】29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎29. 词义猜测题。从下文的研究结果可知，健康的行为习惯能降低患病的风险，故可推知slash意为“降低”，因此选A。‎ ‎30. 推理判断题。从第四段The team said the findings may not sound surprising — but they serve as a reminder of the importance behind turning resolutions into permanent lifestyle choices.可知，该研究进一步证实了执行新年心愿对健康的极大帮助，因此D项正确。‎ ‎31. 细节理解题。从最后一段中Elwood教授说的话“A healthy lifestyle has many additional benefits to cancer reduction — it costs nothing, has no undesirable side effects…and is better than any pill”可知，该研究的目的是说服人们坚持健康的生活方式。故选C。‎ ‎32. 主旨大意题。由文章中的研究可知，健康的生活方式与患病的风险有密切关系，意在说服人们坚持新年心愿所代表的健康的生活方式，故选B。‎ D If you're a junk food lover, you will know this：No matter where you shop or what brand you buy, when you tear（open a bag of potato chips, it's almost always half filled. This can be quite disappointing. I always hope those bags are quite full. But there's actually a god reason for this--and no, the food companies are not pulling a fast one on you.‎ In the manufacturing industry. “slack fill” is the empty space that's placed around a product on purpose. The idea is that the extra room can "protect" your Lays or Tostitos（brands of chips）. The trip from the production machine to the market can be grille long and hard！If it weren't for "slack fill', your chips would probably look more like breadcrumbs（面包屑）.‎ But wait, there's more, Think that the bag of potato chips was filled up with air？It actually is nitrogen gas(氮气). Chips manufacturers fill bags with this gas to help kelp chips fresh If it were filled with regular air, the chips would likely turn wet and soft in 1994, scientists found that exposing chips to nitrogen not only heaped to prolong the shelf life（保质期）, but also made them stay crisp（脆的）What's more, nitrogen is a natural gas and completely harmless.‎ Still feel you are tricked by the empty bag？There's a way to tell the amount of potato chips in your snick bug before you break it open. In 1966, the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act was passed. which requires manufacturers to show the net weight of their products' contents. When shopping for your next bag of potato chips, pay attention to the net weight that's printed on the bag. This way you'll be able to know if it is worth your money.‎ ‎33. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 mean?‎ A. Doing a test. B. Playing a trick.‎ C. Changing its focus. D. Reaching an agreement.‎ ‎34. What do we know about “slack fill”?‎ A. It makes the chips’ bag look empty. B. It can shorten the products' trip.‎ C. It is only used or Lays or Tostitos. D. It can prevent damage to the chips ‎35. Why do chips' manufacturers choose nitrogen to fill up the bag?‎ A. To keep chips tasting good. B. To make chips look good.‎ C. To reduce the products cost. D. To avoid causing harm to humans.‎ ‎36. What are we advised to do in the last paragraph?‎ A. Value a product by its net weight. B. Work out the products net weight.‎ C. Notice the products' shelf life. D. Pay more attention to the empty bag.‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章解释了为何一包薯片里总是半满的状态，这是由于“松弛填装”可以防止损坏薯片，以及生产商会通过添加氮气使薯片保持新鲜。以及建议按照产品的净重来估量产品价值。‎ ‎【答案】33. B 34. D 35. A 36. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎33. 词义猜测题。结合上文No matter where you shop or what brand you buy, when you tear（open a bag of potato chips, it's almost always half filled. This can be quite disappointing. I always hope those bags are quite full. But there's actually a good reason for this无论你在哪里购物或买什么牌子的食品，当你撕开一包薯片时，它几乎总是半满的。这可能相当令人失望。我总是希望那些袋子很满。但实际上有一个很好的理由。可知薯片里总是半满是有原因的，因此可知食品公司并没有欺骗你。故划线短语意思为“欺骗”。故选B。‎ ‎34. 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句The idea is that the extra room can "protect" your Lays or Tostitos（brands of chips）.（这个想法是，额外的空间可以“保护”你的乐事或Tostitos(薯片品牌)。）可知“松装”可以防止损坏薯片。故选D。‎ ‎35. 细节理解题。根据第三段中In 1994, scientists found that exposing chips to nitrogen not only heaped to prolong the shelf life, but also made them stay crisp .（1994年，科学家们发现，将薯片暴露在氮环境中，不仅能延长薯片的保质期，还能使薯片保持酥脆）可知薯片制造商选择用氮气来填充袋子，是为了让薯片保持好的口感。故选A。‎ ‎36. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中When shopping for your next bag of potato chips, pay attention to the net weight that's printed on the bag. This way you'll be able to know if it is worth your money.（当你购买下一袋薯片时，注意包装袋上印着的净重。这样你就能知道它是否值得你的钱。）可知最后一段中作者建议我们按照产品的净重来估量价值。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】易错分析 第四题，What are we advised to do in the last paragraph?‎ A. Value a product by its net weight. B. Work out the products net weight.‎ C. Notice the products' shelf life. D. Pay more attention to the empty bag.‎ 本题易容易根据最后一段中When shopping for your next bag of potato chips, pay attention to the net weight that's printed on the bag. 当你购买下一袋薯片时，注意包装袋上印着的净重。而错选B选项“最好一段中建议我们计算出产品的净重”‎ ‎，本题注意不要忽视了下文This way you'll be able to know if it is worth your money. 这样你就能知道它是否值得你的钱。作者建议计算人们计算产品净重的目的是希望人们按照净重来估算产品的价值，而避免受骗，故选A。‎ E It may seem as if Mother's Day was invented by a company named Hallmark, but people have been taking time on the calendar to give a shout-out to Mom for a long time. The Greeks and Romans had mother goddess festivals — although their celebrations didn't involve the menfolk taking their underappreciated mothers out to dinner. A more recent tradition wasMothering Sunday, which developed in the British Isles during the 16th century. On the fourth Sunday in April, young men and women who were living and working apart from their families were advised to return to their mothers’ houses.‎ Mother's Day as it is observed in the United States started in the 1850s with Ann Jarvis, a West Virginia woman who held “Mothers' Work Days” to promote health and hygiene(卫生) at home and in the workplace. During the Civil War, Jarvis organized women to improve sanitary conditions for soldiers on both sides, and after the war she became a peacemaker, furthering the cause by bringing together mothers of Union and Confederate soldiers and promoting a Mother's Day holiday.‎ Jarvis's work inspired another 19th-century woman, Julia Ward Howe. In 1870 Howe published her “Mother's Day Proclamation”, which envisioned the day not as appreciation of mothers by their children but as an opportunity for women to exercise their collective power for peace. Howe started holding annual Mother's Day celebrations in Boston, her hometown, but after about a decade she stopped footing the bill and the tradition faded away.‎ It was Jarvis's daughter Anna who succeeded in getting Mother’s Day recognized as a national holiday. After her mother died, in May 1905, Anna started holding yearly ceremony on the anniversary and conducting a tireless PR campaign to have the day made a holiday. In 1908 she succeeded in enlisting the support of John W anamaker, the Philadelphia department store magnate and advertising pioneer, and by 1912 West Virginia and a few other states had adopted Mother's Day. Two years later, President Woodrow Wilson signed a resolution declaring the second Sunday in May a national holiday.‎ It wasn't long, though, before whatever ideals the day was supposed to celebrate were buried under an amount of greeting cards and candy. By the 1920s Anna Jarvis was campaigning against the holiday she had been instrumental in creating. “I wanted it to be a day of emotionalism, not profit,” she said.‎ ‎37. The first paragraph suggests that .‎ A. mothers didn't get enough appreciation B. Mother's Day was invented by Hallmark C. young people returned to their mothers' houses D. Greeks and Romans were the first to celebrate Mother's Day ‎38. Who plays the most important role in creating Mother's Day?‎ A. Ann Jarvis. B. Julia Ward Howe.‎ C. Woodrow Wilson. D. Anna Jarvis.‎ ‎39. Why did Anna Jarvis object to Mother's Day at last?‎ A. Because it was an emotional day.‎ B. Because the festival was not profitable.‎ C. Because the celebrations went against the original spirit.‎ D. Because the day was buried under greeting cards and candy.‎ ‎40. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. The Objection to Mother’s Day B. The Argument on Celebrating Mother's Day C. The Story Behind the Creation of Mother's Day D. Different Form of Celebrations on Mother's Day 本文为记叙文。本文主要叙述了母亲节的来历。母亲节似乎是由Hallmark的创立的。但母亲节与美国一名妇女安•贾维斯（Ann Jarvis）是分不开的。19世纪50年代安·贾维斯（Ann Jarvis）举办“母亲工作日”活动，以促进健康和卫生。1870年，朱莉娅·沃德·豪受其影响，发表了她的“母亲节宣言”，该宣言认为母亲节不是孩子对母亲的赞赏，而是妇女行使集体力量争取和平的机会。1905年5月，安娜在母亲去世后，开始每年举行周年纪念仪式，并让这一天成为节日。1912年，西弗吉尼亚州和其他几个州已经采用了母亲节。两年后，伍德罗威尔逊总统签署了一项决议，宣布五月的第二个星期天为国定假日。‎ ‎【答案】37. A 38. D 39. C 40. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎37. 推理判断题。根据第一段“but people have been taking time on the calendar to give a sh out-out to Mom for a long time. The Greeks and Romans had mother goddess festivals — although their celebrations didn't involve the menfolk taking their underappreciated mothers out to dinner.”虽然有母亲节，人们一直在日历上向母亲表达感谢。希腊人和罗马人也有母亲节和女神节——但他们的庆祝活动没有涉及到男人带他们的不受重视的母亲出去吃饭。由此可推断出，虽然有母亲节，但母亲们没有得到足够的感激和重视。分析选项可知A项符合题意，故选A。‎ ‎38. 推理判断题。根据第二段，第四段“Mother's Day as it is observed in the United States started in the 1850s with Ann Jarvis ，a West Virginia woman who held “Mothers' Work Days” to promote health and hygiene(卫生) at home and in the workplace. After her mother died, in May 1905, Anna started holding yearly ceremony on the anniversary and conducting a tireless PR campaign to have the day made a holiday. In 1908 she succeeded in enlisting the support of John W anamaker, the Philadelphia department store magnate and advertising pioneer, and by 1912 West Virginia and a few other states had adopted Mother's Day. Two years later, President Woodrow Wilson signed a resolution declaring the second Sunday in May a national holiday”，在19世纪50年代美国的母亲工作日，并倡导推动母亲节。1905年5月，安娜的母亲去世后，她开始每年举行周年纪念仪式，并进行不懈的公关活动，让这一天成为节日。1908年，她成功地获得了费城百货公司巨头和广告先锋约翰·W·阿纳梅克的支持，到1912年，西弗吉尼亚和其他几个州都采用了母亲节。两年后，伍德罗·威尔逊总统签署了一项决议，宣布5月的第二个星期天为国家假日。由此可知，安娜·贾维斯在母亲节的创 立方面起了重要的作用。故D项符合题意，故选D，‎ ‎39. 推理判断题。根据文章中“Ann Jarvis, ... held ‘Mothers' Work Days’ to promote health and hygiene(卫生) at home and in the workplace”举办“母亲工作日”活动，以促进家庭和工作场所的健康和卫生 。“In 1870 Howe published her ‘Mother's Day Proclamation’, which envisioned the day not as appreciation of mothers by their children but as an opportunity for women to exercise their collective power for peace.”豪发表了她的“母亲节宣言”，该宣言认为母亲节不是孩子对母亲的赞赏，而是妇女行使集体力量争取和平的机会。最后一段“It wasn't long, though, before whatever ideals the day was supposed to celebrate were buried under an amount of greeting cards and candy. By the 1920s Anna Jarvis was campaigning against the holiday she had ‎ been instrumental in creating. ‘I wanted it to be a day of emotionalism, not profit,’ she said”.没过多久，这一天本该庆祝理想的东西被大量的贺卡和糖果掩埋了。到了20世纪20年代，安娜·贾维斯(Anna Jarvis)发起了反对这个节日的运动。她说:“我希望这一天充满感情的，而不是利益的。可知，现在的母亲节已与最初的母亲节的精神相悖， C正确，故选C。‎ ‎40. 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“It may seem as if Mother's Day was invented...”是文章的主题句，告诉我们母亲节是是如何创立，其中的invent与C项中的“Creation”的动词create是同义词。从第二段到最后叙述了19世纪50年代安•贾维斯（Ann Jarvis）举办“母亲工作日”活动。1870年，朱莉娅•沃德•豪受其影响，发表了 “母亲节宣言”。1905年5月，安娜在母亲去世后，开始每年举行周年纪念仪式，并让这一天成为节日。1912年，西弗吉尼亚州和其他几个州已经接纳了母亲节。两年后，伍德罗威尔逊总统签署了一项决议，宣布五月的第二个星期天为国定假日。由此可推断出：本文主要叙述母亲节创立的背景故事。分析选项可知C项符合题意，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】选择标题在英语阅读理解中属于主旨大意题，是一种深层理解题。要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析文章大意及作者的写作意图。确定最佳标题的方法就是要找出文章的主题句。‎ 主题句通常在文章的首段，也可能在文章的末段，在文章的某一段落，或分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心集中起来，即为全文的主题句。如第4小题属于主旨大意题中的选择最佳标题。本文的中心句在首段的第一句“It may seem as if Mother's Day was invented by...,”是文章的主题句。告诉我们母亲节是是如何创立其中的invent对应C项中的“Creation”的动词create。‎ 找出主题句，抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心。要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。第4小题从第二段至结束叙述了19世纪50年代安•贾维斯（Ann Jarvis）举办“母亲工作日”活动，以促进健康和卫生。1870年，朱莉娅•沃德•豪受其影响，发表了 “母亲节宣言”。1905年5月，安娜在母亲去世后，开始每年举行周年纪念仪式，并让这一天成为节日。1912年，西弗吉尼亚州和其他几个州已经接纳了母亲节。两年后，伍德罗威尔逊总统签署了一项决议，宣布五月的第二个星期天为国定假日。由此可推断出：本文主要说明母亲节创立的背景故事。分析选项可知C项符合题意，故选C。‎ 三、完形填空(共10个小题，每小题2分，共20分。)‎ The notion of building brand personality is promoted by Starbucks as a part of company culture to embed meaning in their products and thus attract more customers.‎ Starbucks literally changed the definition of “a good cup of coffee”. For Starbucks, the brand had three elements: coffee, ____41____ and stores. Strict control over the quality and processing of the beans ____42____ that the coffee would be of the highest possible quality. Outstanding store personnel were employed and trained in coffee knowledge and ____43____ service. Store design, atmosphere and aroma (浓香) all ____44____ the “Starbucks Experience”.‎ Almost all Starbucks stores were corporately owned and controlled. Starbucks prided itself on the “Starbucks Experience”, ____45____ coffee to provide a unique experience for its customers.‎ ‎___46___ those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab-and-go service, Starbucks provides you with more than coffee. You get great people, first-rate music, a comfortable and upbeat meeting place, and ____47____ advice on brewing excellent coffee at home. At home you’re part of a family. At work you’re part of a company. And somewhere in between is a place where you can sit back and be yourself. That’s what a Starbucks store has been ____48____ to creating for its customers — a kind of “third place” where they can ____49____, reflect, read, chat or listen.‎ The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid that looks like the end of the double image of the sea. It was designed by Terry Heckler, who got the ____50____ from the wooden statue of the sea. Mermaid logo also ____51____ original and modern meanings: her face is very simple, but with modern abstract forms of packaging; the middle is black and white, the only color on the outside surrounded by a circle.‎ Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually broken down into elements of ___52___: the visual warmth, hearing the way, smelling the aroma of coffee and so on. Just think, through the huge glass windows, watching the crowded streets, ____53____ sipping a coffee flavor, which is in line with the “Yapi”, the feeling of experience in the ____54____ life.‎ But the ____55____ of Starbucks is not about the coffee, although it’s great coffee. Coffee is only a carrier. Coffee consumption, to a great extent, is an emotional and cultural level of consumption.‎ ‎41. A. people B. managers C. customers D. clients ‎42. A. assured B. promised C. ensured D. predicted ‎43. A. emergency B. environment C. employment D. customer ‎44. A. consisted of B. benefited from C. contributed to D. headed for ‎45. A. going beyond B. coming across C. making up D. depending on ‎46. A. With regard to B. In addition to C. Compared with D. In terms of ‎47. A. general B. reasonable C. legal D. fascinating ‎48. A. committed B. alerted C. subjected D. required ‎49. A. negotiate B. perform C. conceal D. escape ‎50. A. imagination B. inspiration C. patent D. philosophy ‎51. A. creates B. cultivates C. credits D. conveys ‎52. A. brand B. logo C. possession D. experience ‎53. A. greedily B. gently C. persistently D. indifferently ‎54. A. busy B. easy C. miserable D. energetic ‎55. A. product B. vision C. essence D. importance 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了虽然星巴克的咖啡很棒，但星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡，而在于它的企业文化。‎ ‎【答案】41. A 42. C 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. B 51. D 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于星巴克来说，这个品牌有三个要素：咖啡、人和商店。‎ A. people人（们）；B. managers经理；C. customers顾客；D. clients客户。上文说星巴克将打造品牌个性的理念作为企业文化的一部分，将意义嵌入产品中，从而吸引更多的顾客，由此可知，人是星巴克品牌文化的三个要素之一，故A项正确。‎ ‎42. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对咖啡豆的质量和加工过程进行严格的控制，确保了咖啡的最高品质。A. assured担保；B. promised承诺；C. ensured 确保、保证；D. predicted预言。对咖啡豆的质量和加工过程进行严格的控制的目的自然是确保咖啡的最高品质，故C项正确。‎ ‎43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在咖啡知识和客户服务方面雇用和培训了优秀的店员。A. emergency紧急情况；B. environment环境；C. employment就业；D. customer客户。根据常识可知，店员上岗前要进行客户服务方面的培训，customer service表示“客户服务”，故D项正确。‎ ‎44. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：店内的设计、氛围和香气都为星巴克体验做出了贡献。A. consisted of由……组成；B. benefited from从……中受益；C. contributed to有助于、为……做贡献；D. headed for前往。根据常识可知，咖啡店的设计、氛围和浓郁的香气都为顾客的星巴克体验做出了贡献，故C项正确。‎ ‎45. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：星巴克以“星巴克体验”为荣，其服务超出了咖啡，为顾客提供独特的体验。A. going beyond超出；B. coming across遇到；C. making up弥补；D. depending on在……上花费。下文说星巴克为您提供的不仅仅是咖啡，由此可知，“星巴克体验”超出了咖啡，为顾客提供独特的体验，故A项正确。‎ ‎46. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：与传统的咖啡店为您提供的服务相比，星巴克为您提供的不仅仅是咖啡。With regard to至于；B. In addition to除……之外（还）；C. Compared with与……相比；D. In terms of在……方面。空后提到了传统咖啡店的服务，因此是星巴克与传统咖啡店的对比，故C项正确。‎ ‎47. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这里有很棒的人，一流的音乐，舒适、积极的会议场所，以及在家里煮优质咖啡的合理建议。A. general一般的；B. reasonable合理的；C. legal合法的；D. fascinating迷人的。根据常食可知，星巴克自然会为顾客提供在家煮一杯好咖啡的合理建议，故B项正确。‎ ‎48. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是星巴克致力于为顾客创造的一种“第三空间”，在那里他们可以远离（喧嚣）、思考、阅读、聊天或倾听。A. committed承诺、投身；B. alerted警告；C. subjected 臣服；D. required要求。be committed to表示“致力于”，故A项正确。‎ ‎49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. negotiate谈判；B. perform执行； C. conceal隐藏；D. escape远离、避开。根据空后的“reflect, read, chat or listen”可知，在星巴克创造的“第三空间”里，人们可以远离（喧嚣）、旨在突出星巴克创造的安静环境，故D项正确。‎ ‎50. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是由特里·赫克勒设计的，他从木制的海洋雕像中得到灵感。‎ A. imagination想象；B. inspiration灵感；C. patent专利权；D. philosophy哲理。上文说绿色星巴克标识是一个美人鱼，这个设计灵感是特里·赫克勒从木制的海洋雕像中获得的，故B项正确。‎ ‎51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：美人鱼标识还传达了原始和现代的含义。A. creates创造；B. cultivates培养；C. credits赞颂；D. conveys传达。根据常识可知，一个品牌的标识自然会传达某种含义，故D项正确。‎ ‎52. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：星巴克将典型的美国文化逐渐分解为体验元素：视觉上的温暖，听觉上煮咖啡的声音，嗅觉上的咖啡香气等等。A. brand品牌；B. logo标识；C. possession财产；D. experience体验。根据冒号后的内容可知此处指“体验元素”，故D项正确。‎ ‎53. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：试想，透过巨大的玻璃窗，望着拥挤的街道，轻轻地啜一口咖啡香，这正符合“雅痞”，在忙碌的生活中体验的感觉。A. greedily贪婪地；B. gently轻轻地；C. persistently固执地；D. indifferently冷淡地。根据常识可知，刚煮好的咖啡是非常热的，要一小口一小口轻轻地啜着喝，故B项正确。‎ ‎54. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. busy忙碌的；B. easy简单的； C. miserable悲惨的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据上文说的拥挤的街道可知，平时的生活节奏是很快的，因此此处指的是“忙碌的生活”，故A项正确。‎ ‎55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡，尽管它是很棒的咖啡。A. product产品；B. vision视力；C. essence精髓、精华；D. importance重要性。空后说咖啡只是一种载体，咖啡消费在很大程度上是一种情感和文化层面的消费，因此此处是说星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡，而在于它的文化，故C项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】本篇第9空难度较大，抓住空后的几个并列的动词是关键，根据空后的“reflect, read, chat or listen”可知，在星巴克创造的“第三空间”里，人们可以远离（喧嚣）、思考、阅读、聊天或倾听，此处的escape不是贬义词“逃跑”，而是“远离（喧嚣）”，旨在突出星巴克创造的安静环境，故D项正确。‎ 第II卷（非选择题)‎ 四、语法填空(共10个小题，每小题2分，共20分。)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ You may not know the name John Smith Pemberton, but you must know the name of his____56____(invent):Coca-Cola.‎ Pemberton was a US chemist. When he was wounded in the Civil War, he used medicine to ease the pain and gradually got____57____ (addict) to it. To light the addiction, he created his own drink by____58____ (use) leaves of coca and nuts of kola. He named____59____，“Pemberton’s French Wine Coca”. In the same year, the local government passed a ban on alcohol. Pemberton had to change the recipe to remove the alcohol.‎ In 1886, Pemberton invited Willis Venable to help him perfect his new recipe. They used carbonated water and finally invented a new drink. It had no alcohol____60____could still ease pain and clear the mind. Pemberton decided to sell it____61____a drink rather than a medicine. In 1887, Pemberton sold part of the stock of his company to Asa Candler,____62____later created the Coca-Cola Company.‎ Nowadays. Coca-Cola has become one of the most popular____63____(drink) in the world. The company only offers semi-finished products to partners and won’t sell the____64____(origin) ingredients (成分).Its secret recipe was kept in the Sun Trust Bank in Atlanta for 86 years until the end of 2011. Since then, it_____65_____(keep) in the World of Coca-Cola center in Atlanta.‎ 这是一篇记叙文。记叙了可口可乐的发明过程。‎ ‎【答案】56. invention ‎57. addicted ‎58. using 59. it ‎60. but 61. as ‎62. who 63. drinks ‎64. original ‎65. has been kept ‎【解析】‎ ‎56. 考查名词。句意：你可能不知道John Smith Pemberton,的名字，但你一定知道他的发明:可口可乐。根据上文his为形容词性物主代词，故应填名词invention。‎ ‎57. 考查固定短语。句意：当他在内战中受伤时，他使用药物来缓解疼痛，并逐渐上瘾。短语get addicted to“上瘾；沉迷于”。故填addicted。‎ ‎58. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了减轻毒瘾，他用古柯叶和科拉果做成了自己的饮料。by为介词后跟动名词做宾语，故填using。‎ ‎59. 考查代词。句意：他命名它,”Pemberton的法国葡萄酒可口”。此处指代上文drink，故填代词it。‎ ‎60. 考查连词。句意：它不含酒精，但仍能减轻疼痛，使头脑清醒。根据上下文语境为转折关系，故填but。‎ ‎61. 考查介词。句意：Pemberton决定将其作为饮料而不是药物出售。根据句意可知表示“作为；当做”应填介词as。‎ ‎62. 考查定语从句。句意：Pemberton把自己公司的部分股票卖给了Asa Candler，Asa Candler后来创立可口可乐公司。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词为Asa Candler，且从句中缺少主语，指人，用who引导。故应填who。‎ ‎63. 考查名词的数。句意：可口可乐已经成为世界上最受欢迎的饮料之一。短语one of后跟名词复数形式，表示“……其中之一”，故填drinks。‎ ‎64. 考查形容词。句意：该公司只向合作伙伴提供半成品，不出售原配料。修饰名词ingredients应用形容词，故填original。‎ ‎65. 考查动词时态语态。句意：从那时起，它一直保存在亚特兰大可口可乐中心的世界。根据上文since then可知应用现在完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系应用被动语态，主语为it，用has been done。故填has been kept。‎ 五、短文改错(共10个小题，每小题1分，共10分。)‎ ‎66.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ I have received and read your letter, in which you mention that you wanted to lose weight by diet.‎ It is only naturally that young girls at your age hope to look beautiful. However, in my opinion, healthy is more important than beauty. For a student, studying is the first thing to consider while appearance is second. So do not let others’ opinions to affect your normal life. Therefore, if you do want to lose weight, it is a good idea to do it by getting more exercise and ‎ changing unhealthy eating habits. The most important thing is how you keep a healthy state of mind, as it will help with our studies, and will also help you overcome difficulties in dieting.‎ I hope my advices will be helpful to you and I’m looking forward to your next letter.‎ ‎【答案】1. mention变mentioned ‎2.by后diet变dieting ‎3. naturally变natural ‎4. opinion后的 healthy变health ‎5. second前加the ‎6.去掉 affect前的to ‎7. Therefore变However ‎8. how变that ‎9. our变your ‎10. advices变 advice ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇应用文，是一封回信。作者认为健康比外表更重要，但也给出了很多减肥意见。‎ ‎【详解】第一处：考查动词时态。句意：我已经收到并读了的来信，你在信中提到你想通过节食减肥。此句为in which引导的定语从句，动词时态应保持一致。根据后面的wanted to，可知应用过去时态。故答案为mention 改为mentioned。‎ 第二处：​考查动名词。句意：你在信中提到你想通过节食减肥。by为介词，后面跟动词，应用动名词doing形式。故答案为diet 改为dieting。‎ 第三处：​考查形容词。句意：像你这么大的女孩子都希望长得漂亮，这是很自然的。此为固定句式It is +adj.+that 从句，故答案为naturally改为natural。‎ 第四处：考查名词作主语。句意：然而，在我看来，健康比美丽更重要。形容词不可作主语，主语应用名词形式。故答案为healthy 改为health。‎ 第五处：考查冠词。句意：对于一个学生来说，学习是第一要考虑的，而外表是第二要考虑的。second 为序数词，表示“第二”，前面通常加the 。故答案为second 前加the 。‎ 第六处：考查动词用法。句意：所以不要让别人的意见影响你的正常生活。let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事。故答案为去掉affect 前的to 。‎ 第七处：考查连词。句意：然而，如果你真的想减肥，通过多运动和改变不健康的饮食习惯是一个好主意。上文作者说到健康更重要，下文又提到if you do want to lose weight，前后形成转折关系，故答案为Therefore 改为However。‎ 第八处：考查连词。句意：最重要的是你要保持一个健康的心态。分析句子结构知，此处为that引导主语从句，故答案为how 改为that 。‎ 第九处：考查形容词性物主代词：句意：因为它会帮助你学习，也会帮助你克服节食的困难。and 连接两个并列句子，后面一句为help you overcome difficulties，故前面也应为help your studies 。故答案为our 改为your。‎ 第十处：考查名词。句意：我希望我的建议能对你有所帮助，我期待着你的下一封信。advice 为不可数名词，无复数形式。故答案为advices 改为advice。‎ 六、提纲类作文(共30分。)‎ ‎67.假设你是营养专家，请你根据下面的内容写一篇题目为 “Top Meal of the Day”的文章登在营养杂志上。‎ 现状:许多高中学生不吃早餐（skip breakfast），其结果不仅影响白天的学习，而且导致身体变差。‎ 原因:1.认为早餐不重要，可有可无；‎ ‎2.早晨时间匆忙，为了节省时间不吃早晨；‎ ‎3.女孩为了减肥而不吃早晨。‎ 建议:每位学生都应该每天吃早餐。原因……（自定，至少两个）。‎ 要求：1 请按照要求使文章内容充实，上下文连贯通顺；‎ ‎2. 词数：100左右。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Top Meal of the Day Nowadays it’s common for many high-school students to skip breakfast, leading to both poor school performance and damage to their health.‎ When asked why they skip breakfast, some students say they think of breakfast as the least important meal of the day, and think it unnecessary, while others say they have too little time in the morning to have breakfast. And a third group, mostly girls, say they want to lose weight so they skip breakfast.‎ We suggest that every student should have breakfast properly every day, since breakfast can provide the necessary energy that one needs every day. In addition, having breakfast can help you to concentrate in class and study more efficiently.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 本文为说明文。请你根据下面的内容写一篇题目为 “Top Meal of the Day”的文章登在营养杂志上。当前的现状是许多高中学生不吃早餐，其结果不仅影响白天的学习，而且导致身体变差。其原因有3点即认为早餐不重要，可有可无；早晨时间匆忙，为了节省时间不吃早晨；女孩为了减肥而不吃早晨。并提出建议，即每位学生都应该每天吃早餐。其原因 至少要有两个。‎ ‎【详解】本文为提纲作文。本文内容提供的比较多。考生只要根据提供的内容，根据一定的顺序用正确的语言及句子完成即可。本文主要分为三部分：第一部分叙述当前的现状，即很多高中生不吃早餐，影响白天的学习，导致身体差。第二部分叙述不吃早餐的原因：认为吃不吃不重要，还可节省时间、减肥。最后部分提出建议。‎ ‎【点睛】本文要点完整，结构合理。文中运用了一些高级词汇如skip breakfast；lead to ；think of ... as; lose weight so ;in addition。句式灵活多变，简单句与复杂句相结合，有张有弛。如复杂句some students say they think of breakfast as the least important meal of the day, and think it unnecessary, while others say they have too little time in the morning to have breakfast中含有一个宾语从句和状语从句；复杂句We suggest that every student should have breakfast properly every day, since breakfast can provide the necessary energy that one needs every day. In addition中有一个由that引导的宾语从句和由since引导的状语从句。而且文章中有多处的非谓语动词，非谓语运用的非常灵活。如现在分词作状语it’s common for many high-school students to skip breakfast, leading to both poor school performance and damage to their health；动名词作主语 having breakfast can help you to concentrate in class and study more efficiently；过去分词作状语When asked why they skip breakfast,...。这些词汇和句式的运用体现了作者对英语的熟练程度。‎