2019高考英语北京四中二轮练习资料：阅读理解02含解析

2019高考英语北京四中二轮练习资料：阅读理解02含解析

‎2019高考英语北京四中二轮练习资料：阅读理解02含解析 ‎(四)‎ A ‎(2017·辽宁卷，A)‎ I got my first driver's license (执照) in 1953 by taking driver education in my first year at Central High School in Charlotte，North Carolina.Four years later when it was time to renew my license I was a married woman.Henry and I were living in Baltimore，Maryland.Two weeks before my 20th birthday，Henry drove me to the motor vehicle office on a hot July afternoon.When I got to the office and showed to the man behind the counter my North Carolina driver's license，ready to renew，the man told me that I was under age by Maryland law since I was not yet 21.“Mr.Henry Smith，your husband，will have to sign for you，”he said.‎ I argued，pointing to a very large belly (肚子) of mine，“I am married.I am having a baby.Why should I have to have someone sign for me to drive？”He answered coldly，“It's the law，madam.”‎ Henry encouraged me to calm down，just go ahead and get the license and be done with it.“No，”I said.I refused to have him sign for me.So I left without a Maryland license.‎ I called the North Carolina Motor Vehicle Office and renewed my NC license by mail—using my name Susan Brown.And thus it was for the next twelve years.Since Henry was in the army I could drive under my home state license.By the time Henry left the army we were once again living in Maryland，and I had to take the Maryland driver's exam.Since then I just go in and renew every four years—sign the name Susan Brown，have my new picture taken，and walk out with a license to drive.‎ 本文讲述了美国不同的州法律不一样。在北卡罗莱纳州，中学时就可拿驾照，而在马里兰州21岁才能申请驾照。‎ ‎1．Susan got her first driver's license______.‎ A．before she got married to Henry B．when she was twenty years old C．after she finished high school D．when she just moved to ‎Maryland 答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第一、二句话可知，苏珊在上中学时拿到的第一个驾照，四年后换证时，她已结婚了。由此可知A项正确。‎ ‎2．Susan failed to renew her license the first time in Maryland because______.‎ A．she was forbidden to drive by Maryland law B．she lacked driving experience in ‎Maryland C．she was to give birth to a baby soon D．she insisted on signing for herself 答案：D。推理判断题。根据第三段可知，她拒绝丈夫替她签名注册，因此她没拿到驾照。由此可知正是因为她坚持自己签名注册，使她没换证成功。‎ ‎3．We can infer from the text that in the U．S.______.‎ A．American males should serve in the army B．different states may have different laws C．people have to renew their licenses in their home states D．women should adopt their husbands' family names after marriage 答案：B。推理判断题。由马里兰州和北卡罗莱纳州的法律来看，不同的州有不同的法律。‎ B ‎(2017·山东卷，B)‎ Tim Richter and his wife, Linda, had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo‎, ‎New York—he in computers, she in special education. “Teaching means everything to us，” Tim would say. In April 1998, he learned he would need a heart operation. It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about life's purpose.‎ ‎ Not long after the surgery, Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library, a program started by Dolly Parton' s foundation (基金会) that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singer's home town of Sevier, Tennessee.“I thought, maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire，” Tim recalls. He placed the brochure on his desk, “as a reminder.”‎ Five years later, now retired and with that brochure still on the desk, Tim clicked on of book and postage discounts.‎ The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters. Rather than sign up online, they went to Dollywood for a looksee. “We didn't want to give the children rubbish，” says Linda. The books—reviewed each year by teachers, literacy specialists, and Dollywood board members—included classics such as Ezra Jack Keats's The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdney's Llama Llama series.‎ ‎ Satisfied, the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work. Since 2004, they have shipped more than 12,200 books to preschoolers in their area. Megan Williams, a mother of four, is more than appreciative: “This program introduces us to books I've never heard of .”‎ The Richters spend about $‎400 a month sending books to 200 children. “Some people sit there and wait to die，” says Tim. “Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left.”‎ 本文讲述了Tim心脏手术后，对人生的目标有严肃认真的思考，术后，参加Dolly Parton的基金会，并与妻子Linda成立了Richter家庭基金会，每月花400美元给学龄前儿童买书。‎ ‎4．What led Tim to think seriously about the meaning of life?‎ A．His health problem. B．His love for teaching.‎ C．The influence of his wife. D．The news from the Web.‎ 答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二句话“In April...leads to some serious thinking about life's purpose”可知A项正确。‎ ‎5．What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Library?‎ A．Give out brochures. B．Do something similar.‎ C．Write books for children. D．Retire from being a teacher.‎ 答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第二句话“I thought，maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire”可知B项正确。‎ ‎6．According to the text, Dolly Parton is ________.‎ A. a wellknown surgeon B. a mother of a fouryearold C. a singer born in Tennessee D. a computer programmer 答案：C。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第一句话“...a program started by Dolly Parton's foundation that mailed a book to children from birth to age five in the singer's home town of sevier，Tenneasea”中的singer可知C项正确。‎ ‎7．Why did the Richters go to Dollywood?‎ A. To avoid signing up online.‎ B. To meet Dollywood board members.‎ C. To make sure the books were the newest.‎ D. To see if the books were of good quality.‎ 答案：D。细节理解题。根据短文倒数第三段第一、二句话可知，书的质量是Richter夫妇关心的问题。因此他们没有在网上报名，而是亲自去多莉坞看看。因此可知D项正确。‎ ‎8．What can we learn from Tim's words in the last paragraph?‎ A. He needs more money to help the children.‎ B. He wonders why some people are so busy.‎ C. He tries to save those waiting to die.‎ D. He considers his efforts worthwhile.‎ 答案：D。推理判断题。Tim最后说：有些人坐着等死，而另一些人在剩余的时间内尽可能的忙碌。由上文可知，Richter夫妇对自己所做的事情很满意，并且其他人也非常感激，由此可推出D项正确。‎ Attractions Do you：‎ ‎◆Love the National Park, value it and hope to safeguard its future?‎ ‎◆Wish to see the beautiful landscape of the Park protected?‎ ‎◆Like to enjoy peaceful, informal recreation within the Park?‎ Aims The Friends organization aims are to help protect and improve the Pembrokeshire‎ Coast ‎National Park for all to enjoy. We are a voluntary organization and registered charity without financial links to the National Park Authority.‎ Activities We encourage everyone to enjoy the National Park through regular talks and visits to interesting places in the Park with expert guides.‎ We keep an eye on planning applications, Park Authority policies and threats to the National Park such as massive leisure complexes. We work with likeminded organizations such as the Campaign for National Parks to make our voice more effective.‎ We help children to understand the National Park by sponsoring publications such as an adventure booklet and projects in local schools.‎ Benefits ‎◆Guided visits to places of interest which may not always be available to the general public.‎ ‎◆All members receive our regular News and Views.‎ ‎◆Talks by experts in their fields on current issues.‎ ‎◆A discount is available on Friends items for sale.‎ ‎◆Satisfaction of participation in work parties, for those willing and able to be involved.‎ If interested, please complete the Application Form at www._fpnp.org.uk.‎ C ‎(2017·江苏卷，B)‎ 本篇是一份海报，介绍了一个叫做“Friends organization”的组织。‎ ‎9．Which of the following is discouraged by the Friends organization?‎ A. To build massive complexes for public amusement.‎ B. To prevent possible damages to the National Park.‎ C. To help protect and improve the Park for all to enjoy.‎ D. To sponsor publications and projects in local schools.‎ 答案：A。细节理解题。由Activities中第二段第一句“We keep an eye on...and threats to the National Park such as massive leisure complexes.”可知，这一组织不赞成建大量的休闲娱乐设施。‎ ‎10. One of the benefits for members of Friends is to________.‎ A. have Friends' goods free of charge B. visit any place not open to the public C. take part in work parties if they want to D. give talks in their fields on current issues 答案：C。细节理解题。由Benefits中的第五条“Satisfaction of participation in work parties, for those willing and able to be involved.”可知C项符合题意。‎ ‎11．The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to________.‎ A. raise money for the Friends organization B. join the Friends organization and be members of it C. work as managers for ‎Pembrokeshire‎ ‎National Park D. enjoy the landscape of ‎Pembrokeshire‎ ‎National Park 答案：B。写作意图题。由文章最后一句“If interested, please complete the Application Form at www.fpnp.org.uk.”可知该海报的目的是邀请更多的人参与。‎ D ‎(2017·湖南卷，C)‎ A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct(不同的) species.‎ The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard Universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant, and African savanna elephant.‎ Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列)from two fossils (化石), mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.‎ The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.‎ There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different ‎ species.‎ Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite the elephants' significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.‎ Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University‎ of ‎Illinois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purposes. Since 1950, all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先) for conservation purposes.”‎ 本文讲述了一项新的科学发现：通过对非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象DNA的鉴定，科学家们得出结论：它们是两种不同的物种。我们要保护这些珍稀动物。‎ ‎12．One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________‎ A．the Asian elephant B．the forest elephant ‎ C．the savanna elephant D．the mastodon elephant ‎ 答案：D。细节理解题。由第3段第一句话“...two fossils，mammoths and mastodons...”可知D项正确。‎ ‎13．The underlined word “divergence”in Paragraph 4 means “________ ”．‎ A．evolution B．exhibition ‎ C．separation D．examination ‎ 答案：C。词义猜测题。科学家门一直在证明非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象是两种不同的物种，他们之间的分歧使科学家们大为惊讶。‎ ‎14．The researchers' conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant's ________.‎ A．DNA B．height ‎ C．weight D．population 答案：A。细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句话“However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA”可知。‎ ‎15．What are Alfred Roca's words mainly about?‎ A．The conservation of African elephants.‎ B．The purpose of studying African elephants.‎ C．The way to divide African elephants into two units.‎ D．The reason for the distinction of African elephants.‎ 答案：A。推理判断题。由文章最后一段“...for conservation purposes”可知A项正确。‎ ‎16．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Naturalists' Beliefs about Elephants B．Amazing Experiments about Elephants C．An Unexpected Finding about Elephants D．A Long Scientific Debate about Elephants 答案：C。主旨大意题。全文讲述了关于非洲大象的一项意外的发现。‎ E ‎(2017·新课标卷，D)‎ Wanted, Someone for a Kiss We're looking for producers to join us on the sound of London Kiss 100FM. You'll work on the station's music programmes. Music production experience in radio is necessary, along with rich knowledge of modern dance music. Please apply in writing to Producer Vacancies, Kiss100.‎ Father Christmas We're looking for a very special person, preferably over 40, to fill our Father Christmas suit.‎ Working days: Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December 17 to December 24 except Sundays, 10：3016：00.‎ Excellent pay.‎ Please contact(联系)the Enterprise Shopping Centre, Station Parade, Eastbourne.‎ Accountants Assistant ‎ When you join the team in our Revenue Administration Unit, you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division, dealing with post and other general duties. If you are educated to GCSE grade C level we would like to talk to you. This position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.‎ Wealden District Council Software Trainer ‎ If you are aged 2445 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing. You will be allowed to make your own decisions, and to design courses as well as present them. Pay upwards of ￡15,000 for the right person. Please apply by sending your CV (简历) to Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.‎ 本文是一则招聘音乐制作人、圣旦老人、会计助理、软件培训人员的广告。‎ ‎17．Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work in a radio station?‎ A．Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100. B．Mrs Oglivie, Palmlace Limited. ‎ C．The Enterprise Shopping Centre. D．Wealden District Council.‎ 答案：A。细节理解题。根据第一则广告的最后一句可知答案。‎ ‎18．We learn from the ads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who ________.‎ A．is aged between 24 and 40 B．may do some training work ‎ C．should deal with general duties D．can work for about a month 答案：D。细节理解题。根据第二则广告的“working days：Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December 17 to December 24 except Sundays, 10301600”可知D项正确。‎ ‎19．Which position is open to recent school graduates?‎ A．Producer, London Kiss. B．Father Christmas.‎ C．Accountants Assistant. D．Software Trainer.‎ 答案：C。细节理解题。根据第三则广告的最后一句可知中学毕业生适合这一工作。‎ ‎20．What kind of person would probably apply to Palmlace Limited?‎ A．One with GCSE grade C level.‎ B．One with some office experience.‎ C．One having good computer knowledge.‎ D．One trained in producing music programmes.‎ 答案：C。细节理解题。根据最后一则广告可知，擅长电脑和程序编写的人可以申请Palmlace有限公司。‎ ‎******************************************************结束 C4[2018·上海卷] ‎ ‎(B)‎ The valuepacked, allinclusive sightseeing package that combines the best of Sydney's harbour, city, bay and beach highlights.‎ A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses: the ‘red’ Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights while the ‘blue’ Bondi Explorer ‎ visits Sydney‎ ‎Harbour bays and famous beaches. Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbour cruises(游船). You can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses, Sydney Ferries or CityRail services (limited area), so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city.‎ Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour, sampling the famous seafood at Watsons‎ ‎Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise. The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass. Wherever you decide to go, remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on a first in, first seated basis.‎ SydneyPasses are available for 3, 5 or 7 days for use over a 7 calendar day period. With a 3 or 5 day pass you choose on which days out of the 7 you want to use it. All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 or 7 days, and the return trip is valid (有效的) for 2 months from the first day your ticket was used.‎ SydneyPass Fares Adult Child*‎ Family**‎ ‎3 day ticket ‎$90‎ ‎$45‎ ‎$225‎ ‎5 day ticket ‎$120‎ ‎$60‎ ‎$300‎ ‎7 day ticket ‎$140‎ ‎$70‎ ‎$350‎ ‎*A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under 16 years. Children under 4 years travel free.‎ ‎**A family is defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family.‎ ‎69. A SydneyPass doesn't offer unlimited rides on ________.‎ ‎ A. the Explorer Buses ‎ B. the harbour cruises ‎ C. regular Sydney Buses ‎ D. CityRail services ‎70. With a SydneyPass, a traveller can ________.‎ ‎ A. save fares from and to the airport ‎ B. take the Sydney Explorer to beaches C. enjoy the famous seafood for free ‎ D. reserve seats easily in a restaurant ‎71. If 5day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague and her children, aged 3, 6 and 10, what would the lowest cost be?‎ ‎ A. $225.　　　　　　　　B. $300.‎ ‎ C. $360. D. $420.‎ ‎【要点综述】本文介绍了SydneyPass提供3,5,‎ ‎7天不等的到悉尼的海港城市、海湾和海滩等地旅游的路线、费用情况。‎ ‎69. D　细节理解题。根据第一段中…CityRail services (limited area), so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city.可判断。‎ ‎70. A　细节理解题。根据第三段中All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip…可知应该选A。‎ ‎71. C　推理判断题。由Children under 4 years travel free可知三岁的孩子免费，所以两个成年人是240元，加上两个小孩120元，共360元。‎ 阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最正确选项。‎ C4[2018·辽宁卷] ‎ A Mini Book Excerpts(节选)‎ Biography When Salinger learned that a car park was to be built on the land, the middleaged writer was shocked and quickly bought the neighboring area to protect it… The townspeople never forgot the rescue and came to help their most famous neighbor.‎ J．D.Salinger：A Life ‎ by Kenneth Slawenski(Random House, $27)‎ Mystery(疑案小说)‎ ‎“You're a smart boy. Benny's death was no accident, and you're the only one who saw it happen. Do you think the murderer should get away with it？”The boy was staring stubbornly at his lap again.‎ A thought suddenly occurred to Annika.“Did you…You recognized the man in the car, didn't you？”‎ The boy hesitated, twisting his fingers.“Maybe，”he said quietly.‎ Red Wolf by Liza Marklund(Atria Books, $25.99)‎ Short Stories She wants to say to him what she has learned, none of it in class: Some women are born stupid, and some women are too smart for their own good. Some women are born to give, and some women only know how to take. Some women learn who they want to be from their mothers, some who they don't want to be. Some mothers suffer so their daughters won't.Some mothers love so their daughters won't.‎ You Are Free by Danzy Senna(Riverhead Books, $15)‎ Humor Do your kids like to have fun? Come to Fun Times! Do you like to watch your kids having fun? Bring them to Fun Times! Fun Times！'s “amusement cycling” is the most fun you can have, ‎ legally, in the United States right now. Why spend thousands of dollars flying to Disney World when you can spend less than half of that within a day's drive of most cities?‎ Happy：And Other Bad Thoughts ‎ by Larry Doyle (Ecco, $14.99)‎ ‎56．If the readers want to know about the life of Salinger, they should buy the book published by ________.‎ A．Ecco B．Atria Books C．Riverhead Books D．Random House ‎57．The book Happy: And Other Bad Thoughts is intended for ________.‎ A．young children ‎ B．Disney World workers C．middle school teachers ‎ D．parents with young children ‎58．Which book describes women with characters of their own?‎ A．Happy：And Other Bad Thoughts B．J.D.Salinger：A Life C．You Are Free D．Red Wolf ‎59．After finishing the book Red Wolf, the readers would learn that ________.‎ A．the boy helped arrest the murderer B．Benny died of an accident C．the murderer got away with the crime D．Annika carried out the crime ‎【要点综述】本文是广告阅读。全文是四本书里面精彩部分的节选，每本书后面都标明了价格，目的是推销这些书。‎ ‎56. D　细节理解题。这是针对第一则广告设计的问题。从第一则广告的When Salinger learned that…我们知道，如果读者想知道Salinger的生活，就要买Random House出版的这本自传。此题中，题干部分的Salinger是关键。其他广告都没有提到Salinger这个人，因此可以排除。‎ ‎57. D　推理判断题。此题是针对第四则广告设计的问题。从Do you like to watch your kids having fun？我们知道，这是写给父母的。再结合里面的Disney World我们更能确定答案。‎ ‎58. C　细节理解题。这是针对第三则广告设计的问题。这一部分提出了妇女的性格各异。‎ ‎59. A　推理判断题。这是针对第二则广告设计的问题。从文章中的 “Maybe，” he said quietly我们知道，他会帮助抓住杀人犯的。Annika是分析案情的人，不是凶手，故排除D项。从文章中分析，杀人犯不会逍遥法外，他们会把他抓住的，因此排除C；从Benny’s death was no accident我们可以排除B。‎ ‎****************************************************结束