高考英语一轮精选练Unit1GreatScientists含解析新人教版必修520180831163

高考英语一轮精选练Unit1GreatScientists含解析新人教版必修520180831163

Unit 1 Great Scientists 李仕才 一、阅读理解 （2019·陕西省部分学校第一学期摸底检测） From young kids to fitness lovers，to those looking for a laugh， or to families looking for a free movie night， Atlantic Station prepares some days for them to enjoy this year. Tot Spot—Each Tuesday morning， Atlantic Station’s Central Park transforms into every child’s dream playground！ From 10：00 a.m.to noon， kids can enjoy games， storytelling， toys， music and some very special things. This event begins on April 5 and lasts through September 27. Wellness Wednesday—Each Wednesday from 6：30 p.m.to 7：30 p.m.， Atlantic Station’s Central Park becomes the perfect place to find quietness of the mind and body while instructors lead guests through exercises including yoga and more. Wellness Wednesday welcomes all ages and skill levels. This event begins on April 6 and lasts through September 28. Improv in the Park—Whole World Theatre， Atlanta’s premier improv group， has once again partnered with Atlantic Station to bring a family­friendly night of comedy to the Central Park on the first Wednesday of each month until September. Bring a blanket， relax under the stars and prepare to laugh until your stomach hurts！ The hour­long show begins at 8：00 p.m. This event occurs on April 5， May 4， June 1， July 6 and August 3. Movies in the Central Park—Each Thursday night at dusk， guests are invited to bring chairs， blankets， to­go snacks and picnics to Atlantic Station’s Central Park. All outdoor screenings are available， weather permitting， so keep your fingers crossed for no The Wizard of Oz­type storms！ Be sure to arrive early to find a good seat. 【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了大西洋站几个可以让人们放松自己、享受生活和获得乐 趣的活动。 1.Mothers can take their kids who like listening to stories to ___________　　　　Ｗ. A.Tot Spot B.Improv in the Park C.Wellness Wednesday D.Movies in the Central Park A　解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段中的“From 10：00 a.m.to noon， kids can enjoy games， storytelling， toys， music and some very special things.”可知，从上午 10 点到中午，在 Tot Spot 活动中孩子们可以做游戏、讲故事、玩玩具、听音乐等。结合选项 可知，想听故事的孩子们可以去参加 Tot Spot 活动，故 A 项正确。 2.When can you do yoga with an instructor in Atlantic Station’s Central Park？ A.On each Tuesday from 6：30 p.m.to 7：30 p.m.in August. B.On each Tuesday morning from 10：00 a.m.to noon in July. C.At 8：00 p.m.on April 5， May 4， June 1， July 6 and August 3. D.On each Wednesday at 7：00 p.m.in June and July. D　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Each Wednesday from 6：30 p.m.to 7：30 p.m...including yoga and more” 和“This event begins...September 28”可知，4 月 6 日到 9 月 28 日的每个星期三下午 6：30 到 7：30，大西洋站中央公园成为人们寻求心灵宁 静和身体放松的地方，有指导者带领客人做包括瑜伽和其他活动在内的练习。由此可知，D 项符合题意。 3.What can we learn from the text？ A.Atlantic Station sets the days for guests to have fun. B.Tickets for Movies in Central Park are hard to get. C.Movies in the Central Park are shown only indoors. D.Only teenagers are welcome to join in Wellness Wednesday. A　解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是第一段可知，Atlantic Station 为客人安排 时间和活动来让他们玩得开心，故 A 项符合题意。 二、单句语法填空 1．Children, when (expose) to an English­speaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more easily. 答案：exposed 2．When he came back three hours later, they were still sitting on the sofa, (absorb) in conversation. 答案：absorbed 3．Neither I nor Jane and Mary (be) happy about having one examination after another. We really don’t want to go to school. 答案：are 4．Always read the (instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine. 答案：instructions 5．(2019·四川卷)We’re not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives the poor. 答案：to 6．I drew a (conclude) from my own experiences that where there is a will there is a way. 答案：conclusion 7．The police had figured out the cause of the traffic accident and it was the driver of lorry that should be (blame) for it. 答案：to blame 8．The underground is under (construct) here at present and will be completed next year. 答案：construction 9．(全国卷Ⅱ)It may not be a great suggestion. But before a better one is put ， we’ll make do with it. 答案：forward 10．As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer (handle) the problem. 答案：to handle 三、完形填空。 (2019·南昌十校模拟)When I was young, like you, I had a dream.But my dream wasn’t like that of an 1 kid.It was to be the best tennis player 2 simply the best “female” one in the world. 3 ， I had a family encouraging me to follow my dream.I learned how important it is to 4 a dream and to dream big.My fight began when I was three and I haven’t taken a 5 since. But too often, most women are not supported or are 6 from choosing their path.I hope it could be changed.For me, it was a 7 of resilience(坚忍)．What others marked as 8 about me—my race, my gender—I accepted as fuel for my success.I never let anything or anyone 9 me.I controlled my future. When it comes to equal pay, it frustrates me 10 I know first­hand that gender differences exist.I would 11 want my daughter to be paid less than my son for the same work.Women have to 12 many barriers to success.One is that we are constantly 13 we are not men.People call me one of the “world’s greatest female athletes”．Why don’t they say LeBron is one of the world’s best male athletes? We should never let this go 14 ．We should be judged by our achievements but not 15 ． For everything I have achieved，I am 16 to have experienced the highs and lows that come 17 success.I hope my story will be a(n) 18 for women to fight for their dreams.We must 19 to dream big, and in doing so, we enable the next generation of women to be 20 in their pursuit. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者以自己的事为例呼吁全体女性勇敢追求成功， 为争取性别平等而不懈努力。 1．A.ambitious　　　　　 B．excellent C．average D．energetic C　解析：根据“It was to be the best tennis player”以及下文内容尤其是“People call me...Why don’t they say LeBron is one of the world’s best male athletes？”可知， 此处指作者说自己小时候的理想与普通孩子的是不同的，故选 average“普通的，一般的”。 ambitious“有野心的，有雄心的”；excellent“优秀的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。 2．A.instead of B．regardless of C．other than D．more than A　解析：结合本文主旨以及下文中的“People call me one of the ‘world’s greatest female athletes’．Why don’t they say LeBron is one of the world’s best male athletes？”可知，作者希望男女平等，所以作者在此强调的是自己的理想是做世界上最好 的网球运动员，而不是最好的女网球运动员。instead of “而不是”；regardless of “不 管，不顾”；other than “除了”；more than“多于，超出”。 3．A.Hopefully B．Fortunately C．Obviously D．Generally B　解析：幸运的是(Fortunately)，作者有鼓励她追寻自己梦想的家人。此处亦与下文 中的“But too often, most women are not supported...”形成对比。hopefully “有希 望地”；obviously “明显地”；generally “普遍地”。 4．A.make up B．set up C．care for D．push for D　解析：根据下文中的“My fight began when...” “fight for their dreams”可 知，这里指作者知道了为梦想而努力是多么重要。push for “为……而努力，力争”。make up “编造，构成”；set up “设立，建立”；care for“照顾”。 5．A.risk B．leave C．break D．chance C　解析：作者从三岁时就开始为理想奋斗，自此从未间断。break“暂停，中断”，符 合语境。 6．A.defended B．excused C．discouraged D．dismissed C　解析：但是通常，大多数女性不被支持，或者被阻止去选择自己的道路。 discourage“阻止，阻挠”，符合语境。defend “保卫，保护”；excuse “同意免除”；dismiss “去除，摒除”。 7．A.thought B．question C．moment D．bonus B　解析：作者希望这种境况可以改变，在作者看来，这是有关“坚忍”的问题(question)。 thought “想法”；moment “时刻”；bonus “意外收获，奖金”。 8．A.disadvantages B．concerns C．qualifications D．personalities A　解析：根据下文中的“my race, my gender” “I accepted as fuel for my success” 可知，此处指被别人列为作者的劣势(disadvantages)的东西，比如她的种族， 她的性别，作者将它们视为追求成功的动力。concern “担忧”；qualification “资格”； personality “个性”。 9．A.ignore B．attack C．comfort D．limit D　解析：根据下文中的 “I controlled my future.”可知，作者从不让任何事或任何 人来限制自己，而是自己主宰自己的未来。limit “限制”，符合语境。 10．A.although B．because C．unless D．if B　解析：当谈起同工同酬问题时，作者感到懊恼，因为她自己亲身体验到性别差异的 存在。分析句子结构可知，前后句之间是因果关系，且前面是果，后面是因。故用 because。 11．A.ever B．even C．never D．just C　解析：根据语境可知，作者永远不希望看到干了同样的工作，女儿得到的报酬却比 儿子的少。never “从不，绝不”。 12．A.break down B．take after C．lay aside D．put away A　解析：为了获取成功，女性不得不打破许多障碍。break down “打破，消除”，符合 语境。take after “追赶，跟踪”；lay aside “留存备用，把……放在一边”；put away “猛 吃，积蓄，把……收起来”。 13．A.informed B．reminded C．assured D．criticized B　解析：其中一个障碍就是总有人提醒我们不是男性。remind “提醒，使想起”，符 合语境。inform “通知，告知”；assure “使确信”；criticize “批判”。 14．A.unchallenged B．unpunished C．uncompleted D．uncontrolled A　解析：根据语境可知，作者在此想表达的是女性不能对此置之不理，而要敢于质疑。 unchallenged “不被怀疑的，完全接受的，没有异议的”，符合语境。unpunished “未受惩 罚的”；uncompleted “未完成的”；uncontrolled “未受控制的，不加约束的”。 15．A.appearance B．position C．background D．gender D　解析：对我们的评价应该依据我们的成就而不是我们的性别。gender “性别”，符 合语境。appearance “外貌”；position “职位”；background “出身背景，学历”。 16．A.superior B．grateful C．indifferent D．preferable B　解析：作者从心底里感谢经历过的伴随成功而来的起起伏伏。grateful “感激的， 表示感谢的”，符合语境。superior “更好的，占优势的”；indifferent “不感兴趣的，漠 不关心的”；preferable “更可取的，更合适的”。 17．A.with B．through C．from D．beyond A　解析：参见上题解析。with “和，随着”，符合语境。 18．A.intention B．inspiration C．solution D．expectation B　解析：作者希望她的故事可以激励女性为她们的梦想而奋斗。inspiration “鼓舞 人心的人(或事物)，使人产生动机的人(或事物)”，符合语境。intention “意图”；solution “解决方法”；expectation “期待”。 19．A.pause B．agree C．promise D．continue D　解析：女性必须继续心怀远大的理想，这样做的话，我们就给予下一代女性力量， 给予她们追求成功的勇气。下文中的 “the next generation”是暗示。continue “继 续”，符合语境。 20．A.expert B．enthusiastic C．brave D．learned C　解析：参见上题解析。expert “内行的，经验丰富的”；enthusiastic “热情的”； brave “勇敢的”；learned “有学问的，博学的”。 四、单句改错 1．It doesn’t make a sense for parents to give children whatever they want. 答案：去掉 a 2．They are going to have some trees plant this weekend. 答案：plant→planted 3．Only if you return them on time I lend you some books. 答案：在 I 前加 will 4．He was struck by the beauty for the first time he visited Guilin. 答案：去掉 for 5 ． The teacher cured him for his bad habits and he made great progress in English. 答案：for→of 五、单元语法——过去分词作定语和表语 1．(2019·河北邯郸一模)Even today the books (print) at the time are valuable and treasured by libraries and book collectors. 答案：printed 2．(2019·宁夏银川一中一模)Classical Chinese poetry is traditional Chinese poetry (write) in classical Chinese and typified by certain traditional forms. 答案：written 3．The workers (expose) to the radiation are likely to develop diseases. 答案：exposed 4．The player got (injure) in the last match, so he couldn’t compete in the final. 答案：injured 5．He looked (worry) after reading the letter because his mother was suddenly ill. 答案：worried