高考英语复习10

高考英语复习10

‎2013版英语一轮精品复习学案：Unit2《Working the land》（新人教版必修4）‎ ‎【高考新动向】‎ ‎【考纲全景透析】‎ ‎【重点单词】‎ ‎1. struggle vi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力 ‎[相关短语]‎ struggle for 为……而斗争 struggle with / against与……作斗争 struggle to do sth.努力做某事 straggle to one’ s feet挣扎着站起来 a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗 ‎1). They were struggling to get out the burning car. 他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。‎ ‎2). The book is about their struggle for liberation. 这本书写的是他们为解放而作的斗争。‎ ‎【即境活用】按要求填空或翻译。‎ ‎1). They are ________ (为……而斗争) the position ‎2). They struggled all through the years ______ us _______ the Japanese.(介词)‎ ‎3). The fox struggled ________ (escape).‎ ‎4). He _______ _______ _______ _______ (挣扎着站起来) and dragged slowly ahead.‎ Keys: 1). struggling for 2). with; against 3). to escape 4). struggled to his feet ‎2 expand vi. 扩大，增加，增强； vt. 使变大，使增强，阐述 ① A child’s vocabulary expands through reading .‎ 孩子的词汇量通过阅读得到扩大。‎ ② Why not try to expand your story into a novel?‎ 为什么不把你的故事扩展成小说呢？‎ ③ You mentioned the need for extra funding ,Would you expand on that?‎ 你曾经提到需要一笔额外资金。你详细谈谈好吗？‎ ‎3. equip vt.‎&vi. 配备；装备 equipment n.[u] 装备；设备 ‎[重点用法]‎ equip sb./sth. with 用……武装某人；用……装备某物 ‎ equip sb./sth. for 为……而武装某人；为……而装备某物 ‎ a piece of office equipment 一件办公设备 ‎1). They equipped themselves for the expedition. 他们为远征治装。‎ ‎2). A good education should equip you for life. 有良好的教育能受用终生 ‎【即境活用】按要求填空或翻译。‎ ‎1). The soldiers were well _______ _______ (装备好了) weapons. ‎ ‎2). We must equip young teachers _______ _______ _______ (对付) difficult children. ‎ ‎3). This library is equipped _______ (介词) atomic research.‎ ‎4). Our classroom _______ _______ _______ (装备有) a computer and a tape recorder.‎ Keys: 1). equipped with 2). to deal with 3). for 4). is equipped with ‎ ‎4 regret vt. 遗憾，惋惜 ‎ n.遗憾，懊悔 ① If you don’t do it now,you’ll only regret it.‎ 你如果现在不做，以后一定会后悔。‎ ② He bitterly regretted never having mentioned it.‎ 他非常懊悔提起那件事。‎ ③ She expressed her regret at the decision. ‎ 她对这个决定表示失望。‎ ‎5. reduce 减少，缩小；降低 They've reduced the prices in the shop, so it's a good time to buy.‎ 商店已经降低了商品的价格，看来现在是买东西的好时候 The fire reduced the forest to a few trees.‎ 大火把森林烧得仅剩下几颗树 ‎【拓展延伸】‎ reduce…… by 减少了(其后常加百分数，也可加具体数字)‎ reduce…… to 减少到(其后常加具体数字)‎ The number of the students in our school reduces by 20% this year.‎ 今年我们学校学生的数量减少了20%‎ She reduced her weight to 45 kilograms.‎ 她的体重减轻到‎45公斤 同义词：decrease 反义词：increase，rise ,这三个词后也可以加 by 和 to，和reduce用法相同 ‎【即境活用】‎ Tom’s weight was reduced ______ 10 kilograms last year A. by B. to C. from D. in ‎【解析】A 考查reduce的基本用法。此处应根据句意选择。‎ ‎【重点短语】‎ ‎1. thanks to幸亏，由于 Thanks to Germaine’s tireless efforts, the concert was a huge success.‎ 多亏了杰曼的不辞劳苦，音乐会取得了巨大成功 Thanks to your help, I got over all the difficulties.‎ 多亏了你的帮忙，我才能克服所有的困难 ‎【拓展延伸】‎ because of, due to, owing to, on account of 均有“由于”的意思 The team’s success was largely due to her efforts. 该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力 Owing to the rain, the meeting has to be put off. 会议因雨而推迟了 On account of difference in taste, your design do not suit this market. 由于趣味不同。您的款式不合此间市场 ‎【即境活用】‎ ‎_____ the new policy, we are now having a happy life.‎ ‎ A. Thanks to B. Because C. For D. Thanks for ‎【解析】A 考查近义词的辨析。此处，Thanks to应为“多亏了” Because后应加句子，For 表示补充说明的原因 ‎2. be satisfied with 对……表示满意 ‎[重点用法]‎ sth. satisfy sb. 某事使某人满意 sb. is satisfied sth. 对……表示满足或满意 be satisfied to do 对做……感到满意 be satisfied that clause 对做……感到满意 a satisfied smile 满意的微笑 a satisfied customer 感到满意的顾客 feel a sense of satisfaction感到满足感 to sb’ s / sth’ s satisfaction 使某人满意的是 far from satisfactory 远远不能令人满足 it is satisfying (to do sth) 做某事是令人满意的 a satisfactory explanation / performance令人满意的解释/演出 get/obtain/derive satisfaction from one’ s work 从自己的工作中得到满足 ‎【拓展延伸】be pleased with对……表示满意 ‎ be content with对……表示满意 v satisfy 使……满意 Some people are very hard to satisfy.‎ adj satisfying= satisfactory 令人满意的（修饰物）‎ What he did is far from satisfactory.‎ 他所做的远不能令人满意 n. satisfaction 满足 to one’s satisfaction 使某人满意 The problem was settled to the satisfaction of the customers.‎ 问题解决了，顾客很满意 ‎【即境活用】‎ She was ________ the result. We knew it from her ______ look.‎ A. satisfying with; satisfied B. satisfied with; satisfied C. satisfied with; satisfying D. satisfying with; satisfying ‎【解析】B 考查satisfied和satisfying 的区别。修饰人的表情，声音用-ed形式 ‎3. would rather 宁愿；宁可 ① He would rather walk than take a bus.‎ 他宁愿走，也不愿骑自行车。‎ ② Rather than refuse to help you ,I would borrow money from my friends.‎ 我宁愿向朋友借钱，也不愿拒绝帮助你。‎ ③ I would rather you went right now.‎ 我宁愿你马上就去。‎ ④ I’d rather you hadn’t told him the news that day.‎ 我真希望你那天没有把那消息告诉他。‎ ‎4. lead to通往，通向；导致；造成（后果）‎ ‎ (1) 通向 All roads lead to Rome.‎ 条条大路通罗马。‎ ‎（2）导致；造成（后果）‎ Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.‎ 吃太多糖会导致健康问题 His carelessness led to his failure.‎ 他的粗心导致了他的失败。‎ ‎【拓展延伸】‎ lead to(为介词)后可加doing The car accident led to his being killed.‎ 那次车祸致使他死亡。‎ result in 导致 result from 由……导致 The death of fishes in the river resulted from pollution.‎ 这条河里的鱼的死亡是由于污染导致 ‎【相关短语】‎ lead sb. to 把某人带到 ‎ lead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 ‎ lead sb. in doing sth. 领导/带领某人做某事 ‎ lead to sb. doing sth. 导致某人做某事 ‎1). This misprint led to great confusion. 这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。‎ ‎2). His actions could lead to him losing his job. 他的行为有可能会导致他丢了工作。‎ ‎【即境活用】‎ The road _________ the city is lined with trees.‎ A. lead to B. result from C. result in D. leading to ‎【解析】D 考查短语意思辨析。leading to做后置定语修饰the road.‎ ‎【重点句型】‎ ‎1. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. 1974年，他成了世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。 ‎ 不定式放在表示次序的词the first, the last, the best以及the only, the very, the right等词后面, 且这些词与动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系，结构为：the first/last/best/right/only/very/... + n. + to do sth.第一个/最后一个/最好的一个/合适的/唯一的/恰好的……做某事的人/物，如：‎ ‎1). He is always the first (student) to come and the last to leave. 他总是第一个来和最后一个离开的（学生）。‎ ‎2). The last man to leave the sinking ship was the captain. 最后一个离开正在下沉的船的是船长。‎ ‎[即境活用] 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1). I think he is the right person ________ (tell) her about this.‎ ‎2). I’ d be the first ________ (admit) I might be wrong. ‎ Keys: 1). to tell 2). to admit ‎2. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same ‎ fields. 这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。‎ make it + 宾语补足语 + 动词不定式, it 做形式宾语,动词不定式是真正的宾语，有时 真正的宾语是从句。常和动词consider/think/make/find/believe/declare/feel/guess/imagine/prove 等连用。如：He felt it his duty to take good care of them. 他感觉到好好照顾他们是他的责任。‎ 再如：‎ ‎1). The bad weather makes it impossible for us to go for a picnic.‎ ‎2). We make it a rule to do some English practice before class.‎ ‎3). Tom found it very embarrassing to be reminded of the long-standing debt.‎ ‎4). Do you find it funny to see someone sliding on a banana skin?‎ ‎[即境活用] 翻译句子。‎ ‎1). 我们觉得支持好的领导是我们的职责。‎ ‎ ___________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 我记得我想你讲清楚我不会来的。‎ ‎ ___________________________________________________________________________‎ Keys: 1). We consider it our duty to support good leaders. ‎ ‎2). I remember I made it clear to you that I was not coming.‎ ‎3. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.‎ 袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。‎ what is /was called 或 what people call /called 是习惯用法，意为“所谓的；人们常说的”，相当于so-called。其中引导词what 在此句中相当于“the + n.+that”结构。本句可改为 ‎ Dr Yuan Longping grows the rice that is called super hybrid rice .‎ ① At last,they reached what is called the New America 最后，他们到达被称为美洲大陆的新地方。‎ ② He graduated from what was called a key high school.‎ 他毕业于一所所谓的重点高中。‎ ‎【热点难点全析】‎ 动词-ing形式作主语和宾语 ‎1. 动词-ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。‎ Learning about a language is easier than using it.‎ ‎　学习有关语言的知识比使用语言容易 ‎2. 为了保持句子平衡，通常用先行词it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句末。‎ ‎　It is no use crying over spilt milk.‎ ‎　作无益的后悔是没有用的。‎ ‎3. 动词-ing形式作主语的几个常用句型 ‎　It's no good talking to him. ‎ ‎　和他谈话是没有用的。‎ ‎　It's worth making an effort. ‎ ‎　努力一下是值得的。‎ Ⅱ 动词-ing形式作宾语 ‎1.动词-ing形式既可作及物动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语 ‎　能用动词-ing形式作宾语的及物动词可分两类，一类是只能用动词-ing形式作宾语，另一类是既可用动词-ing形式作宾语，也可用不定式作宾语。‎ ‎　①只能用-ing形式作宾语的动词。这类动词只能用-ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式作宾语。‎ ‎　I suggest doing it in a different way.‎ ‎　我建议用另一种方法做这件事 ‎　They admitted smoking/having smoked in the hall.‎ ‎　他们承认在大厅里抽过烟 ‎　只能接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词：‎ admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 resist 抵制 keep 保持 consider 考虑 delay 耽搁 dislike 嫌恶 practice 练习 mention 提及 enjoy 喜欢 escape 避免 excuse 原谅 risk 冒险 mind 介意 fancy 想不到 feel like 意欲 finish 完成 miss 逃过 include 包括 ‎2. need, require, want作“需要”解时，后面接动词-ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式，意义上并无差别，但用动词-ing形式比较普通 ‎　Your composition needs correcting / to be corrected.‎ ‎　你的作文需要修改。‎ ‎　His coat wants cleaning/to be cleaned.‎ ‎　他的外套需要洗了。‎ ‎3. ☆有些动词或词组后可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有所不同 ‎　go on to do做完一件事后，接下去做另外一件事doing 继续做同一件事。‎ ‎　Mean to do想要做某事 doing 意味着要有一个结果 ‎　regret to do 对即将要做的事表示遗憾 doing 对所做的事感到后悔 ‎　remember to do 讲的是将来的事，表示“不要忘记”doing 讲的是过去的事，表示“记起来”‎ forget to do 忘记要做某事 doing 忘记以前曾做过的事 Stop to do 停止原来做的事，开始做另一件事 doing 停止正在做的事 ‎　Try to do 设法做某事 doing 试验做某事 ‎4. 作介词宾语 ‎　动词-ing形式作介词宾语大都和一些固定搭配有关常见的几种搭配形式有： ‎ ‎　　What prevented you from joining us last night?‎ ‎　昨天晚上什么事使你不能和我们在一起？‎ ‎　　We like his way of teaching English.‎ ‎　我们喜欢他教英语的方式。‎ ‎　I have no difficulty in communicating with foreigners.‎ ‎　我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么困难。 　‎ ‎　to既可以是介词，也可以是不定式符号，在使用中比较容易混淆。若是不定式符号，to后接动词原形；若是介词，to后需接动词-ing形式 ‎ ‎　You must get used to washing your face with cold water.‎ ‎　你必须习惯用冷水洗脸。‎ ‎　He is looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation.‎ ‎　他盼望今年暑假见到你 ‎　常见的带介词to的短语：‎ be used to 习惯 be related to 与……有关 get down to 着手做 be given to 沉溺于 put one's mind to ‎ 全神贯注于 give rise to 引起 be equal to 胜任 devote oneself to 献身于 lead to 导致 be opposed to 反对 look forward to 盼望 object to 反对 ‎【语法专练】‎ ‎1. Thomas was a real friend, for he advised me as well as ______me with my English.‎ A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped ‎2. -Do you mind _____alone at home?‎ ‎　-No, but I want a good book_______.‎ A.leaving; to read B.to be left; reading C.to leave; reading D.being left; to read ‎3. The majority of people here agree that there _____ a bus stop near the house will be a great advantage.‎ A. was B. have been C. having been D. being ‎4. -Do you mind _____alone at home?‎ ‎　　-No, but I want a good book_______.‎ A. leaving; to read B. to be left; reading C .to leave; reading D. being left; to read ‎5. I won’t go to his birthday without _______. ‎ A. inviting B. being invited ‎ C. invited D. to be invited 答案：1~5 CDDDB ‎【高考零距离】‎ ‎1、（2012·四川卷·8） I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.‎ A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound ‎【解析】选C 。本题考查非谓语动词。此题考查现在分词作宾语补足语。winding its way与宾语snake之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行，故选C。‎ ‎2（2012·全国新课程·28）The party will be held in the garden, weather .‎ A. permitting B. to permit ‎ C. permitted D. permit 【解析】选A。此处主句的主语party ‎ 和weather不一致，所以weather保留，作permitting的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。另外，weather与permit之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。‎ 句意：如果天气允许，聚会将在花园举行。考查现在分词的独立主格结构。‎ ‎3.（2010·湖北卷·T22） After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide for the homeless families. ‎ A. accommodation B. occupation C. equipment D. furniture. ‎ ‎【解析】选D。512的汶川地震，414玉树地震。天灾“earthquake”相信是很多考生都准备过的一个话题。所以相关词汇“accommodation”表示“住处”应该是考生们准备的系列词汇之一。这道题难度不大 ，句子结构也相对 简单。只要背过这几个词，知道“occupation”表示“占用”或者“工作，职业”；“furniture”表示“ 家具 ”；“equipment”表示“设备，器材”就能选出正确答案D了。　‎ ‎4.（2010·湖南卷·T26） Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.‎ A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle ‎ ‎【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。该空，分词短语作时间状语，其逻辑主语Dina与struggle为主动关系，故排除B项。由剧中的finally可知非谓语动词表示的动作发生在句中谓语took a position之前，故用现在分词的完成主动式。‎ ‎5.（2009·江苏卷·T34）Many young people in the West are expected to leave __ could be life' s most important decision -- marriage -- almost entirely up to luck.‎ A. as B. that C. which D. what ‎【解析】选D。句中此处是一个名词性定语从句，leave 是动词，后面要加宾语。其中that 和which 引导宾语从句的话，要有先行词在连接词的前面。所以应该选D ‎6.（2009·江西卷·T35）Some of you may have finished unit one. _____ , you can go on to unit two. ‎ A. If you may B. If you do C. If not D. If so ‎ ‎【解析】选D 本题考查省略句的用法。 If so = If you have done that / so ‎7.（2009·陕西卷·T12） I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. ‎ A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken ‎ ‎【解析】选D。‎ 考查非谓语动词。此处非谓语动词做remember的宾语，而remember后用非谓语动词做宾语时，可以用v-ing形式，v-ing表示的动作已经完成，也可用动词不定式，表示的动作还未发生，根据后文的saw可知此处非谓语动词动作已经完成，且与逻辑主语是被动关系，用v-ing的被动式，选D。‎ ‎8.（2009·浙江卷·T5）The incomes of skilled workers went up. ______, unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.‎ ‎ A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Meanwhile D. Otherwise ‎【解析】选C　考查副词词义辨析。根据句意skilled workers表示"熟练工人"和unskilled workers 表示"不熟练工人"两者情况的对比。Moreover“再者，加之，此外，而且”；therefore“因此，所以”；otherwise“否则，要不然”； meanwhile“在此期间，同时”，符合句意，故选C.‎ ‎【考点提升训练】‎ 一、听力（略）‎ 二、单项选择 ‎21.【2012届江西省六校联考】24. The agreement was made quickly as both sides were satisfied with the conditions of _____.‎ A. another B. others C. the other D. either ‎ ‎22.【2012届河北省普通高考模拟】30．The 30th Olympic Games，officially_________as“London 2012 Olympic Games”，will take place from July 27 to August 12．‎ ‎ A. know B. to know C. known D. knowing ‎23.Nowadays some parents regret not ______ more time with their kids when they were young. ‎ A. to spend B. spending C. spend D. being spent ‎24. Last year’s ________ exceeded imports in value.‎ A. exports B. produces C. benefits D. interests ‎25 Don’t bother Tom, he is ______ with the experiment on water molecules in the lab. ‎ A. focused B. fixed C. occupied D. concentrated ‎26. I regret______ unable to help you.‎ ‎ A. to be B. that I can be C. being D. for being ‎25.I would rather _________ than ________ in the exam.‎ A.fail; cheating B.to fail; to cheat C. failing; cheating D.fail; cheat ‎26. The government tried it’s best to ______ the people’s needs, but the people were still not _____.In fact, what the government did was not ________.‎ A. satisfy; satisfied; satisfying B. satisfy; satisfying; satisfied C satisfied; satisfied; satisfying D. satisfying; satisfied; satisfied ‎27. The UN is trying to ______ the world ________ hunger.‎ A. get rid of; by B. rid; of C. be rid of ;by D. get rid; of ‎28. ______ the table _____ dirt by putting a cover over it.‎ A. Keep; away from B. Keep; free from ‎ C. Keeping; free from D. To keep; away from ‎29 I would rather you ______ in my school, Mom. ‎ A. not work B. not worked C. didn’t work D. not working ‎30 One way of helping ______ these costs is by using computers to do some material handling. ‎ A. supply B. increase C. reduce D. fight ‎31. Washing machines made by China have won ________ worldwide attention and Haier has become _________ popular name. ‎ A. the; an B. the; 不填 C. a; the D. 不填; a;‎ ‎32.After finishing you’d better check your paper over and over again so that you might ______ the mistakes. 世纪金榜 A. make B. add C. increase D. reduce世纪金榜 ‎33. — Do you mind if I smoke here, madam?‎ ‎— ______, sir.‎ A. Of course not. It’s not allowed here ‎ B. Great! I’d rather do that myself C. I’d rather you didn’t, actually ‎ D. No, you can’t ‎34. Young man, if you hurry up , I think quite that you will catch the next train.‎ A. that; probably B. this; certainly ‎ C. it; likely D. you; nearly ‎35._______,the vitamin C in them will be destroyed.‎ A. If vegetables are cooked too long B. If cooked too long C. If cooking too long D. If being cooked too long 三、完形填空 An Italian philosopher once said that a great man makes his own good luck. What he means is that when good luck comes, a great man knows how to seize the opportunity and 36 advantage ‎ of it.‎ There is a story about Bill Gates, the 37 of Microsoft that proves this. One day an executive from a large computer company came to his 38 looking for someone who had ‎39 a new operating system for computers. He didn’t know too much about the inventor or his operating system, and he wasn’t 40 sure of the inventor’s address. At that time everything in the computer business was so new and so disorganized 41 normal business procedures were almost unknown.‎ It 42 that the inventor lived in a home next to Gates, but he was not at home when the executive came by. He may have been 43 at a meeting or shopping for new equipment. The executive, 44 no one home, wasn’t sure what to do, but he didn’t want to waste his trip, so he stopped by Gates’ house to ask him if he knew anything about the inventor’s system and 45 it worked.‎ Since Gates was working on very 46 software, most other people in his place would have spoken 47 with the executive, told him that he was working on something else, and then forgotten about the whole thing. Gates, however, saw a（n） 48 and jumped on it. He told the executive that 49 he was working on his own operating system（he wasn’t）and he would be 50 to discuss it with the executive in a few weeks.‎ After the executive 51 to a meeting to be held a few weeks later, Gates quickly went out 52 for someone who had a workable new operating system. As an engineer he had a better idea than the executive about what he needed, and when he found someone with an operating system that he liked, he made modifications（修改） 53 on what the executive told him. His meeting a few weeks later was a great 54 , and Gates’ new operating system was sold to the large company and the sale became the foundation of Microsoft. Within two decades Gates was the richest man in the world. He 55 his own luck by seizing an unexpected opportunity.‎ ‎36. A. take B. make C. use D. give ‎37. A. discoverer B. founder C. organizer D. speaker ‎38. A. neighborhood B. home C. office D. company ‎39. A. worked B. bought C. found D. invented ‎40. A. certainly B. fairly C. ever D. even ‎41. A. as B. whose C. that D. which ‎42. A. found out B. turned out C. turned up D. showed ‎ up ‎43. A. out B. outside C. off D. up ‎44. A. expecting B. considering C. looking D. seeing ‎45. A. when B. where C. how D. why ‎46. A. same B. different C. similar D. exact ‎47. A. attentively B. carefully C. briefly D. closely ‎48. A. choice B. possibility C. opportunity D. occasion ‎49. A. after all B. in fact C. in hand D. in addition ‎50. A. devoted B. invited C. prepared D. welcomed ‎51. A. promised B. agreed C. admitted D. approved ‎52. A. looking B. leaving C. caring D. hoping ‎53. A. depended B. relied C. based D. fixed ‎54. A. mistake B. failure C. result D. success ‎55. A. enjoyed B. made C. took D. missed 三、阅读理解 A An apple a day may poison children.‎ Children who eat an apple or a pear a day may be exceeding（超过）the pesticide（杀虫剂）safety limit because of remains on the fruit, according to research.‎ Using data of the British Department of Environment on pesticides on fruit collected from supermarkets，scientists thought that each day some children would get a poisonous level of pesticides.‎ The research, published on Sunday, says the government repeatedly claims that the levels of pesticide are safe because, instead of measuring individual apples, researchers buy 10, crush them and take an average reading to see if they are safe. This is the internationally agreed method of checking remains.‎ But government figures show that the pesticide is not averagely spread across the batch（一批）, and one or two apples could contain 90% or more of the pesticide in the batch.‎ It used mathematical modeling to measure exposure to pesticides for children aged between 18 months and four years old. The pesticides involved can destroy children’s hormones and some ‎ are suspected of causing cancer.‎ The good news for British fruit growers is that samples（抽样）grown in this country had lower residue level than imported fruit, so buying home-produced fruit will reduce the danger, said Emily Diaman, one of the Earth’s senior food researchers and one of the authors of the report.‎ ‎56. The reason why “An apple a day may poison children” is that __________.‎ A. there are some harmful insects or worms in the apple B. children would get a poisonous level of pesticides because of the remains on the apple C. there are always more pesticides on the apples　produced in ‎Britain D. the apple is too hard for children to eat ‎57. According to the passage, the internationally agreed method of checking remains __________.‎ A. tells exactly the pesticide level of each apple B. works well only with British fruits C. can’t tell whether a specific apple is safe to eat or not D. used mathematical modeling to measure exposure to pesticides for children.‎ ‎58. The underlined word “residue” can be replaced by __________.‎ A. remains B. pesticide C. poison D. medicine ‎59. Which of the following is NOT true？‎ A. The remains of the pesticides can do harm to the children’s health.‎ B. The remains of the pesticides can do harm to the children’s hormones.‎ C. Some remains of the pesticides are suspected of causing cancer.‎ D. For safety, we’d better not eat apples from Britain.‎ B Do you know who invented the slide-fastener, or rather, the zipper（拉链）? No one thought of anything like the zipper until Whitcomb Judson came along. Judson’s slide-fastener was an out-of-blue invention. No one knows what gave him the idea. No one even knows much about him, except that he was a mechanical engineer living in Chicago and that he patented other inventions to do with a street railway system and motorcars.‎ Judson invented the first zipper in 1891. This ingenious little device looks very simple, and ‎ the principle behind it is simple, too; yet it took a lot of years, together with another inventor to make the zipper really practical.‎ The zipper had to be produced cheaply, because no one would pay a lot of money for it. Judson invented a machine to mass-produce his slide-fastener. But the machine was terribly complicated and kept on breaking down. So in 1905 Judson invented a new fastener, the C-curity, which was easier to manufacture. Clothing manufacturers, however, were not the least bit interested in trying out the fasteners, so the only way Judson could get them on to the market was by letting pedlars（小贩） sell them from door to door. Moreover, the C-curity fastener was clumsy and had a bad habit of bursting open at inconvenient times.‎ Then a young Swedish engineer called Sundback came to work for Judson’s struggling company. He thought hard and decided that the interlocking parts needed to be much smaller to give the fastener greater flexibility and to stop it bursting open. After several attempts, Sundback invented a really practical fastener in 1913. It is in all important ways the same as the one we use today.‎ Clothing manufacturers still refused to use the fastener. But in 1918 an inventor showed the American army a flying suit he had invented. It happened to use the slide-fastener. The army put the suit through such tough tests that it disintegrated(分裂)---all except the fastener! A Navy officer happened to see the tests, and Judson’s unknown little company got an order for ten thousand fasteners. Later, Judson’s invention was used in the manufacture of rubber galoshes（橡胶套鞋） by a big company. They called the galoshes `Zippers´. This is how the slide-fastener got it s popular name.‎ ‎60. What does the sentence “Whitcomb Judson’s slide-fastener was called an out-of-blue invention” in the first paragraph mean?‎ A. That it was blue in color. ‎ B. That it was totally unexpected.‎ C. That it was excellent in quality.‎ D. That it was not practical.‎ ‎61. How many years did it take for a really practical zipper to be invented?‎ ‎ A. 22 B. ‎18 C. 19 D. 13‎ ‎62. What do we know about Whitcomb Judson according to the passage?‎ ‎ A. It took Judson a lot of years to invent the first zippers.‎ ‎ B. Judson, together with Sundback invented a really practical fastener in 1913.‎ ‎ C. Judson invented a lot of things, not only including zippers but also a street railway system and motorcars.‎ ‎ D. People know little about Whitcomb Judson except a few facts.‎ ‎63. What can you conclude from the passage?‎ ‎ A. The invention of the zipper was no plain sailing but its marketing was.‎ ‎ B. At least three inventors worked for the perfection of the zipper.‎ ‎ C. The slide-fastener acquired its present name only after it was used in the manufacturing of army suits.‎ ‎ D. It was only by a stroke of luck that the zipper found its way into a wider market.‎ ‎64. What is the writer’s purpose of writing the passage?‎ A. To tell us how the zipper works.‎ B. To give a brief sketch about the inventors of the zipper.‎ C. To give us information about the invention of the zipper.‎ D. To argue who the real inventor of the zipper was.‎ ‎(2012·海南省洋浦中学高三第一次月考）‎ C There was once an ant that was very thirsty.‎ It ran here and there looking for some water but could not find any.‎ Then suddenly, when the ant was almost ready to die of thirst, a large drop of water fell on it.‎ The ant drank the water, which saved its life.‎ The water was actually a tear from a young girl who was crying. Because of her sadness, the tear had magical qualities and suddenly the ant could speak the language of human beings.‎ The ant looked up and saw the young girl sitting in front of a huge pile of seeds.‎ ‎“Why are you sad?” asked the ant.‎ ‎“I’m the prisoner of a giant.” the girl told the ant. “ He won’t let me go until I’ve made three separate heaps of grain, barley（大麦）and rye（黑麦）out of this huge pile of seeds in which they are all mixed together.”‎ ‎“That will take you a month!” the ant said, looking at the huge pile of seeds.‎ ‎“I know,” the girl cried, “and if I haven’t finished by tomorrow, the giant will eat me for his supper!”‎ ‎“Don’t cry,” the ant said, “my friends and I will help you.”‎ Soon thousands of ants were at work, separating the three kinds of seeds.‎ The next morning, when the giant saw that the work had been done, he let the girl go.‎ Thus it was one of her tears that saved her life.‎ ‎65. When did the drop of water fall on the ant?‎ A. When it was looking for food. B. When it saved the ant’s life.‎ C. When it was nearly dying. D. When it looked up.‎ ‎66. Why was the young girl crying?‎ A. Because of her sadness. B. Because she saw the ant.‎ C. Because the giant would let her go. ‎ D. Because the giant had given her an impossible job to do.‎ ‎67. What would the giant do if the girl failed to do the work?‎ A. He would eat her. B. He would let her go.‎ C. He would take her away. D. He would send her to prison.‎ ‎68. Who or what saved the girl’s life?‎ A. The giant B. The ant C. The ant’s friends D. Her tears D The final exam week has arrived, and the only way to face exams is through early preparation．Here are a few items to relieve the stress and provide a successful ending to the semester．‎ ‎ Food In addition to buying supplies such as pencils, calculators and so on for the exam itself, certain food can calm one's nerves （神经） while studying．Katherine Samuels a marketing sophomore （大二学生）, believes that eating a healthy breakfast affects her ability to take a test．On the morning before a final exam, she suggests taking a moment to relax while eating. “I’ll have a good breakfast—some fruit and coffee on the morning before a final,” Samuels said.‎ Music When he has trouble focusing on studying for his final, freshman Lane Genzlinger relies on a little Bach or Mozart to concentrate. “I like listening to classical music because there are no words. It can be really relaxing,” Genzlinger said.‎ Sleep Priya Rao, a finance sophomore, makes sure that her head hits the pillow long before she has to take an exam. “People fool themselves into thinking they can remember everything needed for a final and make an A. Don’t spend the whole night studying before a final exam because when you wake up, you’ll have no energy to take the test,” she said. “Have a good night of sleep before the exam.”‎ ‎69．While preparing for the final exam, Priya Rao believes____ _．‎ ‎ A．it is necessary to have some good food ‎ B．students should attend every class given by professors ‎ C．good sleep is quite necessary ‎ D．she can pass the final exam easily ‎70．Who thinks food is quite important in preparing for the final exam"‎ ‎ A．Priya Rao B．Lane Genzlinger．‎ ‎ C．Stacie Ritter． D．Katherine Samuels ‎71．The passage is mainly about___ _．‎ ‎ A．what college students can do in preparing for the final exam ‎ B．college students need food, sleep and so on ‎ C．the hobbies of the college students ‎ D．college life of some students E My friend’s grandfather came to America from Eastern Europe. After being processed（移民入境检查）at Ellis Island, he went into a cafeteria in Lower Manhattan to get something to eat. He sat down at a table and waited for someone to take his order. But nobody came to him. Later a woman with a plate full of food sat down opposite him and told him how a cafeteria worked.‎ ‎“Start out at the end,” she said. “Just go along the line and pick out what you want. At the other end he’ll tell you how much you have to pay.”‎ ‎“I soon learned that’s how everything works in America,” the grandfather told my friend. “Life is like a cafeteria here. You can get anything you want only if you are willing to pay the money. You can even get success, but you’ll never get it if you wait for someone to bring it to you. You have to get up and get it yourself.”‎ ‎72. Where do you think the old man came from?‎ A. Poland. B. Australia. C. Canada. D. Japan.‎ ‎73. From the passage, we know if you want to get success in America, you should _________.‎ A. get help from your friends B. try to get it by yourself C. know how a cafeteria works D. get up again if you fail ‎74. Which of the following is TRUE?‎ A. The old man sat down opposite the woman so that she could take his order.‎ B. The old woman sat down opposite the old man so that she could serve him.‎ C. Although the woman didn’t know the old man, she told him how to get something to eat in the cafeteria.‎ D. Although the woman didn’t know the old man, she decided to pay the bill for him.‎ ‎75. Which is the best title for the passage?‎ A. From Eastern Europe to America B. Eating in an American Cafeteria C. How to Eat in a Cafeteria D. Life Is Like a Cafeteria in ‎America 五、书面表达 全世界的环境问题变得越来越严重。根据所给开头，写一篇120字左右关于环境保护的文章。要点包括：‎ ‎1 各种污染正威胁我们的生存。 （如汽车排出的有害气体，工厂释放污染的气体，山上的树木被砍伐，污水不断被排河里，随意丢弃的垃圾等等）‎ ‎2 地球是我们的家园，我们有责任为我们自己和我们的后代去照顾好它。我们该怎么做…. ‎ ‎3 我们的希望…‎ Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ 参考答案 ‎21【解析】选C。考查代词的用法。根据前文的both可知：应选C两者当中的另一个。‎ ‎22 【解析】选C考查非谓语动词的用法。此处相当于：which are officially known as “London 2012 Olympic Games”。‎ ‎23 【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要干扰汤姆，他正在实验室忙于水分子的实验。focus “集中注意力”，常与on搭配；fix “修理，固定，安排”；occupy “占据”；be occupied with “忙于”；concentrate “集中”常用于be concentrated on。故只有C项符合。‎ ‎24-25 CD 26~28 ABB ‎29【解析】选C。would rather 后接从句时，从句应用虚拟语气，与现在或将来事实相反时，从句谓语动词用过去时态。‎ ‎30 【解析】选C。句意：帮助降低这些成本的途径之一是应用计算机做一些物料处理的工作。reduce 减少，降低；supply供应；increase 增加；fight 战斗。‎ ‎31~35 DDCCA ‎36-40 ABADD 41-45 CBADC 46-50 BCCBC 51-55 BACDB ‎56-59 BCAD 60-64 BADDC 65-68 CDAD 69-71 CDA 72-75 ABCD 五、‎ Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world. For example, poisonous gas given off by factories and cars have made the air unhealthy for people to breathe. Trees on the hills have been cut down and waste water is being poured continuously into rivers. Furthermore, wherever we go today, we can find rubbish carelessly thrown. Pollution is, in fact, threatening our existence. The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our later generations. As students we also can do something for our environment. … (学生观点)‎ We believe that doing these small things will improve our environment and help make our world a better place to live in. ( We hope the problem will be solved in the near future and our home will become better and better).‎