高考英语真题分类汇编专题07完形填空—教师解析版

高考英语真题分类汇编专题07完形填空—教师解析版

‎2016年高考试题分项解析之专题7完形填空 ‎1.【2016·全国新课标I】完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 ‎ ‎ A Heroic Driver ‎ Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was __41__along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.‎ The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck.‎ Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go.‎ One thing is 59 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the woman’s life.‎ ‎41. A. walking B. touring C．traveling D．rushing ‎42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers ‎43. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If ‎44. A. each B. another C. that D. his ‎45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam ‎46. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned ‎47. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled ‎48. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over ‎49. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed ‎50. A. then B. again C. finally D. even ‎51. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching ‎52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm ‎53. A. for B. so C. and D. but ‎54. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash ‎55. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after ‎56. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out ‎57. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver ‎58. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free ‎59. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked ‎60. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise ‎【答案】‎ ‎41-45 CDCBA 46-50 BADCA 51-55 DBDAC 56-60 BBDAC ‎46.B考查形容词词辨析及语境理解。根据第二段中a women’s voice coming from the wrecked vehicle，可知汽车是毁坏了的，used使用；disabled 残废的；removed被移除了的；abandoned被遗弃的。故选B。‎ ‎47.A考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可知他下车去灭火。Get hold of拿起；prepare准备；take charge of负责；control控制。故选A。‎ ‎48.D考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据and told Larry he had _48__ an emergency call可知，那个司机走了过来和Larry说话。Come down下来；come through 经历；come in进来；come over 走过来。故选D。‎ ‎49.C考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据下文警察来了可知这个司机打了电话报警。Return 归还； receive a call 接到电话；make a call 打电话； confirm确认。 故选C。‎ ‎53.D考查连词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可以推断这位受困的女士想从汽车里出来，而Larry不让她动，怕她伤到脖子，这两句话之间是转折关系。for 因为；. So所以；and 并且； but但是。故选D。‎ ‎54.A考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据后句内容判断这位妇女害怕汽车会爆炸。Explore爆炸；slip away溜走；fall apart 崩溃；crash坠毁，摔碎；故选A 。‎ ‎55.C考查短语和介词辨析及语境理解。根据上文可知Larry害怕她脖子会受伤，前后句之间是假设关系。As if仿佛；unless 除非； in case 以免； after在之后。故选C。‎ ‎56.B考查动词短语辨析及语境理解。根据后句内容可以推断他们为了不妨碍警察救人，都退到后面。Stepped forward 迈步向前；backed off退后； moved on 继续前行；set out出发；根据句意选B。‎ ‎57.B考查名词辨析及语境理解。根据上文Once fire and emergency people arrived可知是救援的警察赶到现场。woman 妇女；police 警察；man 男人； driver司机；故选B。‎ ‎58.D考查形容词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可知警察让他离开了，由此判断Larry询问警察他是否可以离去。Forbidden被禁止的；ready有准备的； asked 被问到的； free自由的。Be free to do sth 自由地做某事。故选D。‎ ‎59.A考查短语辨析及语境理解。根据上文可知Larry救人的事实是确定无疑的。for certain 确定无疑； for consideration 以供参考； report报道；check核实；故选A。‎ 考点：考查故事类短文阅读 ‎【方法点拨】‎ 解答完形填空的三大策略 词语同现、词语复现和逻辑推理是解答完形填空的三大策略，领会和掌握这三大策略对提高完形填空的解题速度和准确率大有裨益。‎ ‎1. 词语同现。‎ 词语同现是指意义上相关的词汇出现在同一语篇中，构成了以某一话题为中心的词汇链，也有人称之为语义场。比如They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived。‎ ‎52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm 根据后文中she should not move，可以判断选B。‎ ‎2. 词语复现。‎ 词语复现指某一个词以原词、同根词、同义词、反义词(如wrong, not correct)、上义词、下义词等方式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到相互衔接。比如： One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out。45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam 根据后句中the fire was put out.判断选A。‎ ‎3. 逻辑推理。‎ 在做完形填空时许多考生都会有这样的经历，即使他们对选项当中的每个词的意思都非常清楚，但得分不高。因为完形填空考查的是一种综合能力，不但是对词汇的考查，而且对句子间和上下文之间逻辑关系的推断也是完形填空考查的重点。其中逻辑关系主要包括因果关系、转折关系、对比关系、并列关系等。‎ ‎2.【2016·全国新课标II】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎ Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置)on your desk. And they’ve never actually 21 you. Everything they know about you 22 through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 23 they feel they can know you 24 from the sound of your voice. That’s how powerful the 25 is.‎ ‎ Powerful, yes, but not always 26 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom I’d never met 27 , got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me. I sometimes wished to 29 another agent.‎ ‎ One morning, I had to 30 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Rani’s office 31 . The woman sitting at the desk, 32 my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 33 smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the 34 immediately. “What ‎ a wonderful lady!” I thought.‎ ‎ Rushing out 35 I called out over my shoulder, “By the way, what’s your name?” “I’m Rani,” she said. I turned around and saw a 36 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was 37 ! Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so 38 .‎ ‎ Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Rani’s 39 ---her warm smile, her nods, her ‘I’m here for you’ 40 ---were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires.‎ ‎21. A. accepted B. noticed C. heard D. met ‎22. A. came B. moved C. ran D. developed ‎23. A. Thus B. Yet C. Then D. Indeed ‎24. A. rather B. also C. just D. already ‎25. A. Telephone B. voice C. connection D. impression ‎26. A. direct B. useful C. easy D. accurate ‎27. A. in person B. by myself C. in public D. on purpose ‎28. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused ‎29. A. promote B. train C. find D. know ‎30. A. arrange B. postpone C. confirm D. book ‎31. A. for the first time B. at any time C. from time to time D. in good time ‎32. A. expecting B. seeing C. testing D. avoiding ‎33. A. shy B. comforting C. familiar D. forced ‎34. A. bill B. form C. ticket D. list ‎35. A. hopefully B. disappointedly C. gratefully D. regretfully ‎36. A. careful B. serious C. nervous D. pleasant ‎37. A. amused B. worried C. helpless D. speechless ‎38. A. calm B. nice C. proud D. clever ‎39. A. forgiveness B. eagerness C. friendliness D. skillfulness ‎40. A. explanation B. attitude C. concept D. Behavior ‎【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A26. D 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. D ‎31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. C36. D 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. B ‎23.B 考查上下文串联。虽然你们之间的距离很远，但是他们只要通过你的声音，就可以了解你。上下文之间是转折关系，所以使用副词yet串联前后语义。故B正确。‎ ‎24.C 考查副词辨析。副词rather相当地；also也；just只是；already已经；本句使用just表示强调，别人只要通过声音就可以了解你。故C正确。‎ ‎25.A 考查上下文串联。根据26空后“only by phone”可知本文介绍的是电话，人们可以通过电话了解你。故A正确。‎ ‎26.D 考查上下文串联。形容词direct直接的；useful有用的；easy容易的；accurate准确的；本空前的but说明上下文之间是转折关系，电话虽然很强大，但是也并不是很准确。与ABC三项语义不搭配。故D正确。‎ ‎27.A 考查介词辨析。介词in person亲自，by myself靠自己；in public当众；on purpose故意地；A项与空前的faceless形成呼应，Rani是代理人，但是我们从来没有碰过面。故A正确。‎ ‎28.A 考查上下文串联。空前的cold voice可知Rani在电话里的声音很冷漠，和让我很不高兴，甚至想过要另外找一个代理人。说明我对他的声音很反感。故A正确。‎ ‎29.C 考查上下文串联。动词promote提拔；train训练；find寻找，找到；know知道；正是因为Rani的声音让我很不舒服，所以我曾经想过另外找代理人取代他。故C正确。‎ ‎30.D 考查动词辨析。动词arrange预定；postpone推迟；confirm确认；book预定；因为家庭中的紧急事情我要立刻预定回家的航班。动词book与flight相搭配。故D正确。‎ ‎31.A 考查介词短语。短语for the first time第一次；at any time随时；from time to time时而不时；in good time及时，迅速；因为情况紧急，所以我第一次亲自来到Rani的办公室。故A正确。‎ ‎32.B 考查动词辨析。动词expect期待，预料；see看见；test检测；avoid避免；她看到了我的着急，Rani非常同情我，给了我安慰的笑容。动词see与上下文搭配一致。‎ ‎33.B 考查形容词辨析。形容词shy害羞的；comforting安慰的；familiar熟悉的；forced被迫的；她看到我很着急，笑着安慰我。故B正确。‎ ‎34.C 考查上下文串联。根据30空可知我要预定回家的航班的机票，本句中Rani很快帮我把机票打印出来。故C正确。‎ ‎35.C 考查上下文串联。副词hopefully充满希望地；disappointedly感到失望地；gratefully感激地；regretfully遗憾地；对方如此迅速地帮我把机票打印出来，而且一直面带微笑，这让我心存感激。故C项正确。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎ 本篇完形填空很好地体现出重在考查语篇理解能力，且不在情节上、词汇考查大做文章的趋势。其中对于语篇的上下文复现考查非常之多，有一半左右的答案可以在上下文中找到。如，根据第一段的描述，以及26空后“only by phone”可知本文介绍的是电话，人们可以通过电话了解你。‎ ‎ 语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。如：‎ I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new ___44___, dressed neatly.   ‎ A. roommate    B. classmate    C. neighbor    D. companion  ‎ ‎【分析】名词同现，空格前出现了room, furniture, curtains, a TV等同现信息可知坐在铺好的床上的是“我”的室友。‎ 考点：考查夹叙夹议类阅读 ‎3.【2016·全国新课标III】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ When I was13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team.That meant 21 Miller King,who was the best 22 at our school.‎ Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out.I carried my football everywhere for 23.‎ Just before September,Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm.I went to see him after he came back from 24 .He looked very 25 ,but he didn’t cry.‎ That season,I 26 all of Miller`srecords while he 27 the home games from the bench.We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, 28 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s 29 .‎ One afternoon,I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller 30 going over a fence—which wasn’t 31 to climb if you had both arms.I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept 32 from.But even that challenge he accepted.I 33 him move slowly over the fence.When we were finally 34 on the other side,he said to me,＂You know,I didn’t tell you this during the season,but you did 35 .Thank you for filling in for 36 .＂‎ His words freed me from my bad 37.I thought to myself,how even without an arm he was more of a leader.Damaged but not defeated,he was 38 ahead of me. I was right to have 39 him.From that day on，I grew 40 and a little more real.‎ ‎21.A. cheering for B.beating out C. relying on D.staying with ‎22.A.coach B.student C. teacher D.player ‎23.A.practice B. show C. comfort D.pleasure ‎24.A.school B. vacation C. hospital D.training ‎25.A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D.ashamed ‎26.A. held B. broke C. set D.tried ‎27.A.reported B.judged C. organized D.watched ‎28.A.and B. then C. but D.thus ‎29.A. decision B. mistake C.accident D.sacrifice ‎30.A.stuck B. hurt C. tried D.lost ‎31.A. steady B. hard C. fun D.fit ‎32. A.praise B. advice C. assistance D.apology ‎33.A.let B. helped C. had D.noticed ‎34.A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D.safe ‎35.A.fine B.wrong C. quickly D.normally ‎36.A. us B. yourself C. me D.them ‎37.A.memories B. ideas C. attitudes D.dreams ‎38.A.still B. also C. yet D.just ‎39.A. challenged B.cured C. invited D.admired ‎40.A.healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D.cooler ‎【答案】‎ ‎21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D ‎35. A 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. B ‎21.B考查动词短语辨析。A. cheering for为…欢呼；B. beating out打败；C. relying on依靠；D. staying with和......待在一起。根据“become the star on our football team”可知，要想成为球队里的明星，就要打败最优秀的球员，故选B。‎ ‎26.B考查动词辨析。A. held握住；B. broke打破；C. set创立，开创；D. tried尝试。根据“records记录”可知，作者破了Miller的纪录，故选B。‎ ‎27.D考查动词辨析。A.reported报告；B. judged 判断；C. organized组织；D. watched观看。while he 27 the home games from the bench受伤后的Miller坐在长凳上观看比赛，故选D。‎ ‎28.C考查并列连词。A.and和；B. then然后；C. but但是；D. thus因此。I was named most valuable player和I often had crazy dreams形成对比，作者虽然被封为最有价值球员，但是他总是做噩梦，故选C。‎ ‎29.C考查名词辨析。A. decision决定；B. mistake错误；C. accident事故；D. sacrifice牺牲。让作者感到内疚的是，仿佛是自己应该为Miller的事故负责，作者觉得有点胜之不武，故选C。‎ ‎30.A考查形容词辨析。A.stuck；B. hurt；C. tired劳累的；D. lost丢失的。saw Miller 30 going over a fence作者看到Miller在翻篱笆，只有一只手臂的Miller翻篱笆很困难，因此应该是被卡在篱笆上了，故选A。‎ ‎31.B考查形容词辨析。A. steady稳定的；B. hard困难的；C. fun有趣的；D. fit合适的，健康的。if you had both arms.手臂健全的人翻篱笆不费吹灰之力，故选B。‎ ‎32.C考查名词辨析。A.praise表扬；B. advice建议；C. assistance帮助；D. apology道歉。作者认为Miller最不愿接受作者的帮助，the last最不可能的，故选C。‎ ‎33.B考查动词辨析。A.let让；B. helped帮助；C. had有，使；D. noticed注意到。根据“he accepted”可知，Miller接受了作者的帮助，故选B。‎ ‎34.D考查形容词辨析。A. dropped；B. ready准备好的；C. trapped被困住的；D. safe安全的。作者和Miller两人成功翻过篱笆，故选D。‎ ‎39.D考查动词辨析。A. challenged挑战；B. cured治愈；C. invited邀请；D. admired敬佩，赞赏，欣赏。I was right to have 39 him.作者认为自己敬佩Miller没有做错，故选D。‎ ‎40.B考查形容词比较级。A.healthier更健康的；B. bigger更大的，更重要的，更成功的；C. cleverer更聪明的；D. cooler更酷的，更凉的。从那天起，作者长大了许多，更重视自己的存在了，故选B。‎ 考点：生活故事类短文阅读 ‎【名师点睛】‎ 完形填空具体解题技巧： 【技巧一】利用逻辑关系语，定位相关选项 逻辑关系语指表示各种逻辑意义的连句手段，主要有： （1）词（包括连词、副词和少数介词），如and, but, or, because, though, however, yet, therefore, otherwise, despite等； （2）短语，如in other words, or rather, in addition, as a result, so that, on the contrary, instead of等； （3）分句和独立结构，如that is to say, what is more, all things considered等。逻辑关系语对准确理解语篇意义能够起到很强的提示作用。完形填空中很多题目都围绕它们而设。考生在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑关系语，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项，如其同义词、近义词或反义词等，有时这些词、短语甚至复现在文中。 【技巧二】通晓上下文意，注意习惯搭配 词汇的习惯用法或固定搭配，特别是动词、名词、形容词、介词等的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例很大。如果考生在备考时对常用的习惯用法或固定搭配能牢固地掌握，并在解题时灵活运用，就能达到事半功倍的效果。 【技巧三】明确文章语境，搞清词语差异 高考完形填空选项的设置一般均属于同一词类，有的甚至在意义上也非常接近。为了顺利解答此类问题，考生在平时记忆单词时，要在例句中把握其用法并能在考试中结合语境，比较四个选项的细微差别，推敲什么是最佳答案。 【技巧四】探究前后逻辑，确定连接词汇 连接词是构成语篇的纽带，也是相关语句信息的结合点。命题人常在这些“关节”上设置题目，考查学生的语用能力。因此，考生在解题时，要仔细分析，推理前后的逻辑关系，确定最佳选项。‎ ‎4.【2016·北京】完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。‎ A Race Against Death It was a cold January in 1925 in North Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.‎ On the 20th of that month, Dr.Welch 36 a Sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的)disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 37 if it struck the town. Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.‎ How could the medicine get to Nome? The town`s 39 was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the 40 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet.‎ ‎ 41 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twemty more were 42 . Nome`s town officials came up with a(n) 43 . They would have the medicine sent by 44 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogeled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—known as “mushers”—would 45 it to Nome in a relay(接力).‎ The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 46 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon`s face was black from the extreme cold.‎ On January 31,a musher named Seppala had to 47 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound .It was the most 48 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice,which could sometimes break up without warning.If that happened,Seppala might fall into the icy water below.He would 49 ,and so would the sick children of Nome.But Seppala made it across.‎ A huge snowstorm hit on February 1.Amusher named Kaasen had to brave this storm.At one point,huge piles of sonw blocked his 50 .He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹)to get around them.Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 51 the trail again. The only hope was Balto,Kaasen’s lead dog, Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail.If Balto failed,it would mean disaster for Nome.The minutes passed by.Suddenly, Balto began to 53 .He had found the trail.‎ At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 54 in Nome. Within minutes,Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave it to the sick children.All of them recovered.‎ Nome had been 55 .‎ ‎36.A.examined B.warned C.interviewed D.cured ‎37.A.harmless B.helpless C. fearless D.careless ‎38.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However ‎39.A.airport B.station C. harbor D.border ‎40.A.narrow B. snowy C.busy D.dirty ‎41.A.From B.On C.By D.After ‎42.A.tired B.upset C. pale D.sick ‎43.A.plan B.excuse C.message D.topic ‎44.A.air B.rail C. sea D.road ‎45.A.carry B.return C. mail D.give ‎46.A.Though B.Since C. When D.If ‎47.A.enter B.move C. visit D.cross ‎48.A.shameful B.boring C.dangerous D.foolish ‎49.A.escape B.bleed C. swim D.die ‎50.A.memory B.exit C.way D.destination ‎51.A.find B.fix C. pass D.change ‎52.A.pretending B.trying C. asking D.learning ‎53.A.run B.leave C. bite D.play ‎54.A.gathered B.stayed C. camped D.arrived ‎55.A.controlled B.saved C.founded D.developed ‎【答案】‎ ‎36.A37.B38.D39.C40.B41.C42.D43.A44.B45.A46.C47.D48.C49.D50.C51.A52.B53.A54.D55.B ‎38. D考查副词辨析。A.Moreover而且；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否则；D.However然而。然而，最近的药品供应站距离诺姆一千多里，前后是转折关系，故选D。‎ ‎39. C考查名词辨析。A.airport机场； B.station车站；C. harbor 港口；D.border边境。根据“so it couldn’t come by ship”可知，这里指港口结冰，故选C。‎ ‎40. B考查形容词辨析。A.narrow狭窄的；B. snowy被雪覆盖的；C.busy繁忙的；D.dirty脏的。根据第一段可知，大雪覆盖了道路，汽车和马都不能通行，故选B。‎ ‎41. C考查介词辨析。A.From从，自；B.On在......上面；C.By通过，在......之前；D.After在......之后。by+时间，与完成时连用，后跟过去的时间，用过去完成时；跟将来的时间，用将来完成时，故选C。‎ ‎42. D考查形容词辨析。A.tired劳累的；B.upset难过的；C. pale苍白的；D.sick生病的。四个孩子相继去世，还有20几个患病，故选D。‎ ‎43. A考查名词辨析。A.plan计划；B.excuse借口；C.message信息；D.topic话题。当地的官员想到了一个计划，故选A。‎ ‎44. B考查名词辨析。A.air空气；B.rail栏杆，铁轨；C. sea海洋；D.road道路。根据下一段“from the train at Nenana”可知，药物被用火车运到Nenana，故选B。‎ ‎45. A考查动词辨析。A.carry运送，携带；B.return返回，归还；C. mail邮寄；D.give给。然后再由乘坐狗拉的雪橇的人把药物接力送到诺姆，故选A。‎ ‎46. C考查时间状语从句。A.Though虽然；B.Since因为，自从；C. When当；D.If如果。当他把药物交给下一个人时，他的脸已经被冻得乌青，故选C。‎ ‎47. D考查动词辨析。A.enter进入；B.move移动；C. visit拜访；D.cross穿过。根据“Norton Sound was covered with ice”可知，Norton Sound是一片冰冻的水域，Seppala必须穿过这片水域，故选D。‎ ‎52. B考查动词辨析。A.pretending假装；B.trying努力；C. asking问，要求；D.learning学会。Seppala的雪橇狗努力嗅着其它狗的味道，故选B。‎ ‎53. A考查动词辨析。A. run跑；B.leave离开；C. bite咬；D.play玩耍。Seppala的雪橇狗找到了轨道，开始奔跑起来，故选A。‎ ‎54. D考查动词辨析。A.gathered聚集；B.stayed保持；C. camped露营，借住；D.arrived到达。arrive in sp到达某地，这里指终于到达诺姆，故选D。‎ ‎55. B考查动词辨析。A.controlled控制；B.saved拯救；C.founded建立；D.developed发展。所有的孩子得到了救治，诺姆活了下来，故选B。‎ 考点：人物故事类短文阅读 ‎【名师点睛】‎ 完型填空题的命题特点及答题方法： 1.侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力 完型填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。 2.上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力 解完型填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。例如第39空：A.airport机场； B.station车站；C. harbor 港口；D.border边境。根据“so it couldn’t come by ship”可知，这里指港口结冰，故选C。 3.设置语境，考查学生的分析推理能力 旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。 4.结合生活，考查学生利用常识题的能力 目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。 5.关注连词，考查学生对行文逻辑、句子关联的理解能力 此项用来考查学生在缺少连词的情况想，通过阅读能否理解句子的与句子的关系，是否了解行文逻辑的要求，能否掌握表示因果、转折、并列、条件、让步等的连词的用法。例如第46空：A.Though虽然；B.Since因为，自从；C. When当；D.If如果。当他把药物交给下一个人时，他的脸已经被冻得乌青，故选C。‎ ‎5.【2016·天津】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选春最佳选项。‎ The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.‎ ‎ Cathy suffered some terrible 16 in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she 17 became healthy.‎ ‎ Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to 18 out local swim team. She practiced hard and finally 19 it. The team practice, 20 was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly 21 her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to 22 her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit 23 to go! I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to 24 and insisted she go .‎ ‎ From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn’t 25 a single practice. She had a 26 intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten—year—old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this 27 human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of 28 of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a 29 ---ever. But that didn’t stop her from trying. ‎ ‎ Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to 30 her friends and praise their accomplishments. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach 31 , “The highest honor goes to Cathy!” Looking around, he continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her 32 and enthusiasm. 33 skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset(财富)one can hold is the heart.”‎ ‎ It was the greatest 34 of my daughter’s life. With all she had been 35 in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph(成功).‎ ‎16. A. failure B. pressure C. loss D. illness ‎17. A. usually B. finally C. firstly D. frequently ‎18. A. improve B. train C. join D. contact ‎ ‎19. A. increased B. found C. created D. made ‎20. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead ‎21. A. use B. survive C. save D. waste ‎22. A. pull B. tell C. hide D. fire ‎23. A. afraid B. nervous C. ready D. free ‎24. A. take off B. set off C. give up D. show up ‎25. A. attend B. miss C. ban D. Start ‎26. A. rich B. weak C. firm D. kind ‎ ‎27. A. trusted B.determined C.experienced D. embarrassed ‎ ‎28. A. frustration B. delight C. excitement D. surprise ‎ ‎29. A. beginner B.learner C. partner D. winner ‎30. A. cheer on B. compete with C. respond to D. run after ‎31. A. admitting B.explaining C.announcing D. whispering ‎32. A. humor B. will C. honesty D. wisdom ‎33. A. Although B. Since C. Once D. Because ‎34. A. discovery B. choice C. influence D. moment ‎35. A. through B. under C. across D. around ‎ ‎【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自己十岁的女儿在童年遭受病痛之苦，在接受治疗之后好转。之后决心做一个游泳选手，虽然身体不适，还是坚持训练，虽然经常是比赛后的最后一名，但是一直不放弃。最后教练的一番话给予Cathy最大的奖励和肯定。‎ ‎16.【答案】D 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎17.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据上文After years of regular treatment，可知，她最后健康了。A.通常；B.最后；C.首先；D.经常。故选B。‎ 考点：考查副词辨析。‎ ‎18.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据上文a dream came into her sweet little head，可知，她想参加我们当地的游泳队。A.提高；B.训练；C.参加；D.联系。故选C。‎ 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎19.【答案】D 考点：考查动词辨析和固定搭配。‎ ‎20.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据下文was a tough start，可知，然而，游泳队的训练是个艰难的开始。A.然而；B.因此；C.否则；D.代替。故选A。‎ 考点：考查副词辨析。‎ ‎21.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据上文she coughed and choked，可知，她咳嗽，窒息，在前几个星期几乎不能生存。A.使用； B. 生存； C. 拯救；节约；D.浪费。故选B。‎ 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎22.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据Hearing her coughing bitterly one night，可知，我决定将她拉开。A.拉；B.告诉，辨别；C.躲藏；D.解雇。故选A。‎ 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎23.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据wearing her swimsuit，可知，她穿着游泳衣准备走。A.害怕的；B.紧张的；C.准备好的；D.免费的，自由的。故选C。‎ 考点：考查形容词辨析。‎ ‎24.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing，可知，她拒绝放弃，坚持要走。A.脱下，起飞；开始流行；B.启程，引发；C.放弃；D.出现。故选C。‎ 考点：考查动词短语辨析。‎ ‎25.【答案】B 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎26.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据上文：Cathy一直在训练，没有错过一次训练，可知，她的内心有坚定的意志。A.富有的；B.虚弱的；C.坚定的； D. 好心的。故选C。‎ 考点：考查形容词辨析。‎ ‎27.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据下文with a passion and a mission，可知，我十岁的女儿成长为一个有决心的人。A.信任的；B.有决心的；C.有经验的； D. 尴尬的。故选B。‎ 考点：考查形容词辨析。‎ ‎28.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据下文often she would be the last swimmer in the race可知，也有挫败的时候。A.沮丧，挫败；B.高兴；C.兴奋；D.惊讶。故选A。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎29.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据上文the last swimmer，可知，要Cathy接受她不是获胜者很难。A.初学者；B.学习者；C.伙伴；D.获胜者。故选D。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎30.【答案】A 考点：考查动词短语辨析。‎ ‎31.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据下文总教练说的话，可知，这里是总教练宣布的事情。A.承认；B.解释；C.宣布；D.低语，耳语。故选C。‎ 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎32.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据enthusiasm可知，教练说：是Cathy用她的意志力和热情激励了我们。A.幽默；B.意愿，意志力；C.诚实；D.智慧。故选B。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎33.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据下文the most valuable asset…可知，虽然技巧和才能带来巨大成功，但是一个人能拥有的最珍贵的财富是心。A.虽然；B.自从；C.一旦；D.因为。故选A。‎ 考点：考查连词辨析。‎ ‎34.【答案】D 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎35.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据句意：由于这十年她经历的时间，这是真正成功的时候。A.通过（内部），经历；B.在……下面；C.穿过（表面）；D.在……周围。故选A。‎ 考点：考查介词辨析。‎ ‎【名师点睛】这篇文章是记叙文，难度适中，这类文章首先要通读抓住故事发生的情节和作者想传达的中心思想。围绕主旨解答更有把握。故事内容体现了Cathy的坚持不懈的毅力和执着的精神。学生要抓住这个主题，而且这个主题贯穿整个文章。这个文章一个明显的特点是上下文之间的联系非常紧密。做题时要牢记上下文的关联对解题会很有帮助。‎ 做题时要结合完形填空的特点，完形填空题有的考查词语同现、词语复现，有的则是要运用逻辑推理能力，领会和掌握解题策略对提高完形填空的解题速度和准确率大有裨益。‎ ‎1. 上下文串联和语境暗示。‎ 这篇完型填空里面出现词语同现的很少，但是词语复现不少，就是指某一个词以原词、同根词、同义词、反义词等方式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到相互衔接。像这篇完型的16题，下文明显出现了treatment，还有26题和27题，这两题关联很大，是相辅相成的。29题是和上文的last winner信息词对应的，都是属于这种类型。‎ ‎2. 逻辑推理。‎ 逻辑推理是通过对句子间和上下文之间逻辑关系的理解从而推断出正确答案。其中逻辑关系主要包括因果关系、转折关系、对比关系、并列关系等。逻辑推理题需要考生对上下文的理解全面把握，难度较大，考生不能将句子独立开，要注意一个句群，一个段落的整体理解。这篇文章逻辑推理的题较多。如17题，这里表示时间的顺乘；20题主要是上下文的逻辑关系，特别是出现了tough和上文是转折关系；还有33题，抓住关键词skills and talents 和heart，可知这里也是转折关系。‎ ‎6.【2016·上海】Reading Comprehension Section A ‎    Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C ‎ and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.‎ In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.‎ In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.‎ Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.‎ A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.‎ Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65 of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.‎ ‎51. A. desire B. seek C. lose D. dislike ‎ ‎52. A. contrary B. expectation C. degree D. extreme ‎ ‎53. A. vice versa B. for example C. however D. otherwise ‎54. A. outside B. inside C. below D. above ‎ ‎55. A. replacing B. assessing C. managing D. encouraging ‎ ‎56. A. refer B. contribute C. object D. apply ‎57. A. agreement B. practice C. election D. impression ‎58. A. bossy B. experienced C. western D. male ‎ ‎ 59. A. asking B. training C. warning D. firing ‎ ‎60. A. doubling B. maintaining C. reducing D. estimating ‎ ‎61. A. honored B. left C. crowded D. compared ‎62. A. economically B. traditionally C. inadequately D. occasionally ‎ ‎63. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure ‎64. A. virtual B. ineffective C. day-to-day D. on-the-scene ‎65. A. opinion B. risk C. performance D. attractiveness ‎【答案】51. D    52. A    53. B    54. D    55. C    56. B    57. A    58. D    59. A    60. C  61. B    62. B    63. D    64. A    65. C    ‎ ‎53.B 考查上下文串联。本句中for example表示举例说明；这些管理人仍然同意X理论，例如他们认为如果要员工效率高，就需要给与他们不断的监督。这属于X理论的举例说明。故B正确。‎ ‎54.D 考查上下文串联。根据后句“...makes for authoritarianmanagers....”可知这属于专制的管理方法，他们的决定是来自上而下的，没有任何商量的余地。故D项“above上面的”正确。‎ ‎55.C ‎ 考查上下文串联。根据前段可知本文讨论的管理学的理论，使用本句使用动词“manage管理”，不同的文化中有不同的管理人的方法。而且和下文中亚洲、西方的管理方法形成呼应。故C正确。‎ ‎56.B 考查动词短语辨析。短语refer to提到，谈到；contribute to做贡献；导致；object to反对；apply to适用于；亚洲人使用的是协商式的管理方法，所有人都被要求对管理的过程做出自己的贡献。故B正确。‎ ‎59.A 考查上下文串联。根据前句“... encourage employees to use their own initiative...鼓励员工使用自己的首创精神”，也就是说在做出决定的时候不要请示上级经理，自己做出决定即可。故A项正确。‎ ‎60.C 考查上下文串联。根据前句“the trend towards downsizing缩小规模的趋势”，也就是要减少管理层的数量，可以直接做出决定而不需要请示上级。故动词“reduce减少”符合上下文串联。‎ ‎61.B 考查短语辨析辨析。动词be honored with被授予；be left with留下，剩下；be crowded with挤满；be compared with与..相比；通过这种方法，公司只剩下高层管理者和前线的与公众直接联系的一线管理人。省略了很多中央环节，提高了管理的效益。故B正确。‎ ‎62.B 考查副词辨析。副词economically经济地；traditionally传统地；inadequately不充分地；occasionally偶尔地；根据后句“Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management...”可知授权管理是一个新型的管理方法，与传统的管理模式不一样。故B正确。‎ ‎63.D 考查动词辨析。动词deny否认；admit承认；assume假定，设想；ensure保证，确保；授权管理是一种新型的管理方法，省略了中央管理环节，保证了整个商业计划被采用。根据句意可知D正确。‎ ‎64.A 考查上下文串联。形容词virtual虚拟的；ineffective低效的；day-to-day日常的；on-the-scene现场的；根据后句“where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses”可知在这种新型的管理方法中，人们都是通过邮件和网络联系，说明这种一种新型通过虚拟网络进行的管理方法。故A正确。‎ ‎65.C 考查名词辨析。名词opinion观点；risk冒险；performance表现；attractiveness魅力；根据后半句中“‎ in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them”可知我们评价员工的表现是根据他们的产品而不是工作的时间。故C项正确。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎ 本篇完形填空对于上下文串联及词汇的复现进行了集中考查，占到了三分之二。由于完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，围绕一个话题论述，因此在行文中词语的重复、替代、复现和同现现象是不可避免的。根据这个原则，某一个空格所对应的答案很可能就是在上下文中复现或同现的相关词，考生可以根据这些词之间的有机联系来确定答案。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。‎ ‎ 如本文57题考查上下文串联。亚洲人使用协商式的管理方法，这种方法是建立在共同的协议基础之上的，西方人也想学习这样的管理方法。故A项名词“agreement同意、协议”正确。‎ 考点：考查说明文阅读 ‎7.【2016·四川】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Lainey finished third grade. She had good grades and could read 21 grade level, but she did not like to read. On a family car trip, her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter, as a surprise for her 22 . But Lainey took one look at it, 23 her eyes, and said, “Borring!”‎ Aunt Dede, a teacher, had read the book to her students, and they loved it. 24 the youngest children in the class were 25 by the story. They 26 with great interest and then 27 joined in grand conversations about Harry`s adventures.‎ ‎“How can you say it`s 28 ? Have you read it? ” asked Aunt Dede.‎ ‎“No, it`s too long and it doesn`t have any 29 .” complained Lainey.‎ ‎“Oh, that`s where you are 30 ;there are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures; you just have to read the words to 31 them. It`s like magic.”‎ ‎“Nice try , Aunt Dede,”Lainey replied 32 from the back seat.‎ Another 33 was in order. “Well, if you don’t want to read it, give it34 .Maybe your mom would 35 hearing the story.” The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud. By the end of the first chapter,36 were coming from the back seat:“Please read a little37.”‎ Lainey is an example of an 38reader. As shown here, Lainey can become 39 about reading when 40 with literature on topics that interest her, and when the people around her model involvement in the reading process.‎ ‎21.A．within B.on C.to D. above ‎22.A．daughter B.niece C. student D.friend ‎23.A．opened B.dried C.rolled D.shaded ‎24.A．Even B.Still C. Just D.Yet ‎25.A．surprised B.annoyed C. puzzled D.attracted.‎ ‎26.A．read B.told C.listened D.wrote ‎27.A．suspectedly B.anxiously C.calmly D.enthusiastically ‎28.A．amazing B.boring C.ridiculous D.humorous ‎29.A．pictures B.stories C. adventures D.conversations ‎30.A．crazy B.foolish C. wrong D.different ‎31.A．see B. match C.show D.recognize ‎32.A．sourly B.patiently C. eagerly D.shyly ‎33.A．idea B.try C.belief D.behavior ‎34.A．away B.out C.in D.back ‎35.A．enjoy B.admit C. mind D.finish ‎36.A．decisions B. requests C.comments D.promises ‎37.A.more clearly   B.longer   C. louder   D.more carefully 38.A. Unpleasant   B. Innocent   C.unwilling    D.independent  39.A.astonished     B.worried   C. confused   D.excited 40.A. presented     B. concerned  C.disturbed    D.replaced ‎【答案】21.D 22.B 23.C 24.A 25.D 26.C 27.D 28.B 29.A 30.C 31.A 32.A 33.B 34.D 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.C 39.D 40.A ‎22.B考查名词。A．daughter女儿；B.niece侄子；C. student 学生；D.friend朋友。根据“姑姑拿出一本哈利比特”，可知是“给她侄子一个惊喜”，故选B。‎ ‎23.C考查动词。A．opend打开；B.dried哭；C.rolled滚动；D.shaded遮蔽。句意：Lainey看了它一眼，转动着眼珠，说“令人厌烦”。故选C。‎ ‎28.B考查形容词。A．amazing令人惊讶的；B.boring厌烦的；C.ridiculous荒谬的；D.humorous幽默的。根据第一段最后一个单词，可知此处意思是“你怎么能说它是令人厌烦的呢”？故选B。‎ ‎29.A考查名词。A．pictures图画；B.stories故事；C. adventures冒险； D.conversations谈话。句意：它太长，也没有图画。根据文章第一句可知他是一个三年级的孩子，当然喜欢看图画。故选A。‎ ‎30.C考查形容词。A．crazy疯狂的；B.foolish 愚蠢的；C. wrong 错误的；D.different不同的。‎ 根据空格下句“有许多图画，每页都有图画”。可知你说没图画是你“错了”。故选C。‎ ‎31.A考查动词。A．see看见；B. match匹配；C.show展示；D.recognize认出。句意：只是你必须读单词才能看见它们。故选A。‎ ‎32.A考查副词。A．sourly怪怪地，酸酸地；B.patiently耐心地；C. eagerly热切地； D.shyly害羞地。句意：Lainey怪怪地说，“试一次”。故选A。‎ ‎33.B考查名词。A．idea主意，想法；B.try尝试；C.belief信念；D.behavior举止，行为。句意：又试了一次。故选B。‎ ‎34.D 考查副词。A．away离开；B.out外面；C.in在---里面；D.back向后地。句意：如果你不想读它，把它还回去。give back归还，故选D。‎ ‎35.A考查动词。A．enjoy喜爱；B.admit承认；C. mind介意； D.finish完成。句意：或许你的妈妈喜欢听这个故事。故选A。‎ ‎39.D考查过去分词。A.astonished 吃惊的； B.worried担忧的；  C. confused 困惑的； D.excited兴奋的。正如上面所示，Lainey关于阅读能变的兴奋。故选D。‎ ‎40.A考查动词。A. presented赠送，提出，呈现；  B. concerned 牵挂；C.disturbed 干扰； D.replaced代替。句意：当提供给他感兴趣的话题时，Lainey关于阅读能变的兴奋。present提出，呈现。故选A。‎ ‎【学法指导】‎ 浅谈如何做好完形填空 ‎1.上下文对照，抓关键词。 解完型填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。比如28小题B考查形容词。A．amazing令人惊讶的；B.boring厌烦的；C.ridiculous荒谬的；D.humorous幽默的。根据第一段最后一个单词，可知此处意思是“你怎么能说它是令人厌烦的呢”？故选B。‎ ‎2.结合生活，利用常识题解题。 目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。比如第29小题A考查名词。A．pictures图画；B.stories故事；C. adventures冒险； D.conversations谈话。句意：它太长，也没有图画。根据文章第一句可知他是一个三年级的孩子，当然喜欢看图画。故选A ‎ 考点：考查故事类阅读 ‎8.【2016·浙江】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分0）‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。‎ During the war,my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there in order to be 21 him. I hated the place .I had never 22 been so unhappy . My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty,and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone. The heat was 23 -almost 125 0F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌)。 24 a soul to talk to . The wind blew non-stop ,and all the food I ate ,and the evry air I breathed,were 25 with sand , sand , sand !‎ I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents. I told them I was 26 and coming back home.I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer. I 27 be in prison! My father answered my 28 with just two lines-two lines that will always sing in my 29 - two lines that completely changed my life :‎ ‎ Two men looked out from prison bars ‎ ‎ One saw the mud ,the other saw the stars ‎ I read those two lines 30 I was ashamed of myself. I made up my mind I would find out what was good in my present 31 ; I would look for the stars. ‎ I made friends with the natives,and their 32 amazed me. They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had 33 to sell to tourists . I studied the delightful forms of the cactus .I watched for the desert sunsets,and 34 for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the desert had been an ocean 35 ‎ What brought about this 36 change in me ? The desert hadn’t changed , 37 I had .I had changed my 38 And by doing so ,I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing 39 of my life . I was excited by this new world that I had discovered I had looked out of my self-created prison and 40 the stars ‎ ‎21. A. off B. behind C. near D. beyond ‎22. A. before B. already C. then D. still ‎23. A. inflexible B. incomprehensible C. uncontrollable D.unbearable ‎24. A. Only B. Not C. Many D.Such ‎25. A. covered B. filled C. buried D. charged ‎26. A. catching up B. keeping up C. giving up D.getting up ‎ ‎27. A. ought to B. might well C. would rather D.had better ‎28. A.request B. call C. question D.letter ‎29. A. comparison B. imagination C. consideration D. memory ‎30. A. over and over B. by and by C. up and down D.now and then ‎31. A. company B. occupation C. situation D.relationship ‎32. A. movement B. reaction C. guidance D.purpose ‎33. A. refused B. failed C. managed D.happened ‎34. A. asked B. hunted C. waited D.headed ‎35. A. floor B. surface C. rock D.level ‎36. A. shocking B. challenging C. puzzling D.astonishing ‎37. A. as B. but C. for D.or ‎ ‎38. A. attitude B. principle C. identity D.standard ‎39. A. vacation B. operation C. affair D. adventure ‎40. A. sought B. counted C. found D.reached ‎【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自己为了离丈夫近一些，住在他所在的沙漠的军营里，寂寞的生活和艰苦的生活条件让作者难以忍受，她写信告诉父母要回家。父亲给他的信中就两行字，就是这两行字使作者改变了自己对人生的态度。‎ ‎21.【答案】C 考点：考查介词辨析。‎ ‎22.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据下文I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone.可知，作者以前从没有感觉这么不开心。A.以前；B.已经；C.然后；D.仍然。故选A。‎ 考点：考查副词辨析。‎ ‎23.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据almost 125F，可知炎热让人无法忍受。 A.不灵活的；B.无法理解的；C.不能控制的；D.不能忍受的。故选D。‎ 考点：考查形容词辨析。‎ ‎24.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据上文a desert和alone，可知，没有一个人可以交谈。A.仅仅；B. 没有；C.很多；D.这样。故选B。‎ 考点：考查副词辨析。‎ ‎25.【答案】B ‎ 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎26.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据下文coming back home，可知，作者写信给父母，告诉他们她要放弃。A.赶上； B. 维持； C. 放弃；D.起床。故选C。‎ 考点：考查动词短语辨析。‎ ‎27.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据上文I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer，可知，我宁愿在监狱里。A.应该；B.不妨，最好；C.宁愿；D.最好。故选C。‎ 考点：考查短语辨析。‎ ‎28.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据上文I wrote to my parents，可知，作者的爸爸回复了作者的信，只有两行字。A.请求；B.电话；C.问题；D.信。故选D。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎29.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据句意：这两行字将永远在我记忆里唱响—这是永远改变我的生活的两行字。A.对比； B.想象；C.考虑；D.记忆。故选D。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎30.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据下文I was ashamed of myself.可知，作者一遍又一遍地读这两行字。A.一遍又一遍；B.不久；C. 上上下下； D. 不时。故选A。‎ 考点：考查短语辨析。‎ ‎31.【答案】C 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎32.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据下文They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had 33 to sell to tourists .可知，作者和当地人交朋友，他们的反应让作者很惊讶。A.运动；B.反应；C.指导； D.目的。故选B。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎33.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据句意：他们给我最喜欢的艺术作品的礼物，这些作品是他们拒绝卖给游客的。A.拒绝；B.失败；C.设法完成；D.碰巧。故选A。‎ 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎34.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据下文for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago可知，作者寻找几百万前留下的贝壳。A.问；B.打猎；C.等待；D.前往。hunt for寻找。故选B。‎ 考点：考查动词辨析和短语搭配。‎ ‎35.【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据上文millions of years ago可知，几百万年前，沙漠曾经是海床。A. 地板；B.表面；C.岩石；D.水平。故选A。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎36.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据上文two lines that completely changed my life :，可知，这里是：什么造成我这样令人惊讶的改变？A.令人震惊的；B.有挑战的；C.令人困惑的；D.令人惊讶的。故选D。‎ 考点：考查形容词辨析。‎ ‎37.【答案】B 考点：考查连词辨析。‎ ‎38.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据下文I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing可知，虽然作者改变了自己的态度。A.态度；B.原则；C.身份；D.标准。故选A。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎39.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据上一段内容可知，作者将不愉快的经历变成最令人惊叹的人生冒险。A.假期；B.手术；C.事务；D.冒险。故选D。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎40.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据上文I would look for the stars.可知，作者从自己创造的监狱向外看，发现了星星。A.寻找；B.数数，重要；C.发现；D.到达。故选C。‎ 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎【名师点睛】这篇文章是记叙文，难度适中，这类文章首先要通读抓住故事发生的情节和作者想传达的中心思想。围绕主旨解答更有把握。故事内容体现了作者从父亲的简单的两行字中领悟到做人的道理。学生要抓住这个主题，而且这个主题贯穿整个文章。这个文章一个明显的特点是上下文之间的联系非常紧密。做题时要牢记上下文的关联对解题会很有帮助。‎ 做题时要结合完形填空的特点，完形填空题有的考查词语同现、词语复现，有的则是要运用逻辑推理能力，领会和掌握解题策略对提高完形填空的解题速度和准确率大有裨益。‎ ‎1. 上下文串联和语境暗示。‎ 这篇完型填空里面出现词语同现的很少，但是词语复现不少，就是指某一个词以原词、同根词、同义词、反义词等方式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到相互衔接。像这篇完型的23题用unbearable，因为下文明显出现了almost 125F，还有28题，上文的I wrote to my parents暗示这里是letter。40题是和上文的look for信息词对应的，都是属于这种类型。‎ ‎2. 逻辑推理。‎ 逻辑推理是通过对句子间和上下文之间逻辑关系的理解从而推断出正确答案。其中逻辑关系主要包括因果关系、转折关系、对比关系、并列关系等。逻辑推理题需要考生对上下文的理解全面把握，难度较大，考生不能将句子独立开，要注意一个句群，一个段落的整体理解。这篇文章逻辑推理的题较多。如24题，根据上文a desert和alone，可知这里用not合适；37题主要是上下文的逻辑关系，上文hadn’t changed和下文changed是转折关系。‎ ‎3.固定搭配。‎ 有的题目单单从四个选项不能看出差别，需要和横线的前后搭配，形成固定短语才能判断，如34题使用hunt for这个词组。‎ ‎9.【2016·江苏】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）‎ 请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Years ago, a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever. I met Kurt Kampmeir ‎ of Success Motivation Incorporation for breakfast. While we were ___36,Kurt askedme, “ John, what is your37for personal growth?‎ Never at a loss for words, I tried to find things in my life that might38for growth. I toldhim about the many activities in which I was39. And I went into a40about how hard Iworked and the gains I was making. I must have talked for ten minutes. Kurt41 patiently, but then he42 smiled and said, “You don’t have a personal plan for growth, do you?”‎ ‎ “No, I 43.‎ ‎“You know,” Kurt said simply, “growth is not a(n)44 process.”‎ And that’s when it45 me. I wasn’t doing anything46 to make myself better. And at that moment, I made the47: I will develop and follow a personal growth plan for my48.‎ That night, I talked to my wife about my49 with Kurt and what I had learned. I50 her the workbook and tapes Kurt was selling. We51 that Kurt wasn’t just trying to make a sale. He was offering a52 for us to change our lives and achieve our dreams.‎ Several important things happened that day. First, we decided to 53 the resources. But more importantly, we made a commitment to 54 together as a couple. From that day on, we learned together, traveled together, and sacrificed together. It was a55 decision. While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together.‎ ‎36. A. working B. preparing C. thinking D. eating ‎37. A. suggestion B. demand C. plan D. request ‎38. A. appeal B. look C. call D. qualify ‎39. A. involved B. trapped C. lost D. bathed ‎40. A. lecture B. speech C. discussion D. debate ‎41. A. calculated B. listened C. drank D. explained ‎42. A. eagerly B. gradually C. gratefully D. finally ‎43. A. admitted B. interrupted C. apologized D. complained ‎44. A. automatic B. slow C. independent D. changing ‎45. A. confused B. informed C. pleased D. hit ‎46. A. on loan B. on purpose C. on sale D. on balance ‎47. A. comment B. announcement C. decision D. arrangement ‎48. A. life B. progress C. performance D. investment ‎49. A. contract B. conversation C. negotiation D. argument ‎50. A. lent B. sold C. showed D. offered ‎51. A. recalled B. defined C. recognized D. declared ‎52. A. tool B. method C. way D. rule ‎53. A. provide B. buy C. give D. deliver ‎54. A. grow B. survive C. move D. gather ‎55. A. difficult B. random C. firm D. wise ‎【答案】36-40.DCDA B 41-45.BDAAD 46-50.BCABC 51-55. CCBAD ‎38.D 考查动词短语辨析。动词appeal呼吁，吸引（通常与to连用）；look for寻找；call for需要，需要；qualify for有资格，能胜任；当Kurt提出这个问题的时候，我努力找出一些个人生活中与成长有关的事情。与ABC三项的语义不搭配。故D正确。‎ ‎39.A 考查形容词短语。本句是定语从句，介词in提前至关系代词which之前。形容词短语be involved in参与...；卷入...；be trapped in被困在...中；be lost in沉浸于...；be bathed in被 ... 笼罩;我告诉他很多我所参加的活动。根据句意可知A正确。‎ ‎40.B 考查名词辨析。名词lecture讲课，训话；speech演说，演讲；discussion讨论；debate辩论；争论；我在发表关于自己如何努力工作并取得了很大的成就的演讲。与讨论、争论及讲课无关。故B正确。‎ ‎41.B 考查上下文串联。动词calculate计算，估算；listen听；drink喝；explain解释；我讲了十几分钟自己的个人努力及成就，Kurt在耐心的听我说。故B正确。‎ ‎42.D 考查副词辨析。副词eagerly急切地；gradually逐渐地；gratefully感激地；finally最后，终于；耐心地听我讲了很长时间，最后他笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？故D正确。‎ ‎43.A 考查动词辨析。动词admit承认；interrupt打断；apologize道歉；complain抱怨；“Kurt笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？”这是一个否定的反义疑问句，在回答的时候“no”翻译为“是的”。说明我承认自己并没有个人成长计划。故A项正确。‎ ‎44.A 考查形容词辨析。形容词automatic自动的；slow缓慢的；independent独立的；changing不断变化的；Kurt告诉我成长并不是一个自动的过程，一定要有计划性，有计划的个人成长才是有效的成长。从那以后我意识到自己在这方面的缺乏并作出改变。BCD三项与语义不搭配。‎ ‎45.D 考查动词辨析。动词confuse使...困惑；inform通知；please使...高兴；取悦；hit击中；打动；触动；Kurt的话触动了我，我的确没有有意识地做一些事情让自己变得更好。故D项正确。‎ ‎49.B 考查上下文串联。名词contract合同，契约；conversation对话；negotiation谈判；协商；argument争论；根据文章前两段可知我和Kurt在吃早饭的时候，进行了一次关于个人成长计划的谈话。故B正确。‎ ‎50.C 考查动词辨析。动词lend借入；sell出售；show展示；offer提供；我向妻子展示了Kurt正在出售的书和磁带。我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。故ABD三项语义不搭配。故C正确。‎ ‎51.C 考查动词辨析。动词recall回忆；define定义；recognize意识到；认出；declare宣布；我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。根据句意可知C项正确。‎ ‎52.C 考查名词辨析。名词tool工具；method方法（通常和介词with连用）；way方法；rule规则；Kurt给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。B项的介词搭配错误。故C正确。‎ ‎53. B 考查上下文串联。根据文章前一段可知我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。说明我们认可了他的观点，所以我们购买了他的书和磁带等资源。故B正确。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎ 完形填空的首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，寻找文章的脉络与线索。一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；‎ ‎ 以本文为例，作者在前两句中提及到时间：years ago，for breakfast；人物：I、Kurt说明叙述的是多年之前在吃早饭的时候，我和Kurt进行的一番对话。‎ ‎ 另外完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力，特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。本文均为词汇知识的辨析。‎ ‎ 同时我们利用复现信息解题。语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。‎ 考点：考查记叙文阅读