高考英语语法——状语从句习题及讲解

高考英语语法——状语从句习题及讲解

‎ 高考英语语法专题——状语从句 ‎1. 状语从句的类型 ‎1) 时间状语从句：常见引导词有： ‎ when：表示主句和从句的动作同时或先后发生，强调点，表“就在那时；突然”。‎ while：常表示延续性动词或状态；while也可表示对比的转折。‎ as soon as： 表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。‎ hardly / scarcely … when；no sooner … than：表示“还没来得及……就；刚……就”。‎ directly, immediately, instantly：副词当连词用，表示“一…就”。‎ the moment, the minute, the second：充当连词，等于when / as soon as。‎ each time, every time, next time, by the time等：也可以引导时间状语从句。‎ since：引导的时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。常用句型：It is + 段时间 + since从句，“自从……有多长时间了”。‎ until：常与not连用，表示“直到……才……”；Not until置于句首时，主句要部分倒装；在It is / was…that / who…强调结构中，须连在一起。‎ ‎2) 让步状语从句：常见引导词有：although, though, even if, even though, as等。‎ ‎3) 原因状语从句：常见引导词有：‎ because：常用于回答why, 语气最强；强调原因，常与just, only等起强调作用的副词连用；可引导表语从句。‎ for：是个并列连词，一般不放在句首，常表示一种推测或解释，或用作附加说明，语气弱。‎ as, since：常译为“既然、由于”表示十分明显的原因，语气较弱。‎ now that：表示“既然”的意思。‎ ‎4) 地点状语从句：常见引导词有：where, wherever等。‎ ‎5) 目的状语从句：常见引导词有：that, so that, in order that等。目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句。不可置于句首。目的状语从句还可以用动词不定式来替换。‎ ‎6) 结果状语从句：常见引导词有so that, so … that, such … that …‎ ‎7) 方式状语从句：由as, as if(though)等引导。‎ ‎8) 比较状语从句：由than, as等引导。‎ ‎9) 条件状语从句：由if, unless, so (as) long as, in case, once, a far as, on condition that等引导。‎ ‎2. 注意：1) 主将从现规则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句中，若主句用一般将来时，或是祈使句，或是含有情态动词的谓语形式，从句则用一般现在时表示将来时，如：You can join our club when you get a bit older.2) 疑问词 + ever和no matter + ‎ 疑问词的区别：疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句和让步状语从句；no matter + 疑问词，只能引导让步状语从句。‎ 状语从句讲解练习题 ‎1. ________ we gave him something to eat, he would save it up for his little sister. ‎ A.Whatever B.However ‎ ‎ C.Whenever D. Whichever ‎2. Hard-working though he was, ________ there was never enough money to pay the bills. ‎ A./ B.and C. but therefore ‎3. Much hard ________ he tried，he flailed to catch up with the first runner. ‎ A. although B. as C. while D. when ‎4. I got in touch with Charles ________ I received his letter. ‎ A. when immediately B. soon ‎ C. immediately D. suddenly ‎1. A. 因为gave后面已经有表示物的直接宾语了，排除代词A、C、和D。however意为“无论如何”；whenever意为“每当…”，根据句意，只有选C，意义才通。‎ ‎2. A. 因为前面已经连词though了，所以不再需要连词了。Hard-working though he was=Although he was hard-working。‎ ‎3. B. 因为as引导让步状语从句，要求将从句的表语或状语等放到句首。而although, while表示让步时，都用正常语序；另外，though引导的让步状语从句，其表语或状语等可提前也可不提前。‎ ‎4. C. 因为immediately, instantly, directly和the moment, the instant, the minute等都可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as。‎ ‎5. We were just ________ calling you up ________ you came in. ‎ A. about; when B. on the point of; while C. on the point of; when D. on the point of; as ‎6. Most of his great novels and plays were not published or known to the public ________ his tragic (悲剧) death in 1786. ‎ A. even before B. ever since C. until after D. until before ‎7. ________ , I have to put it away and focus (集中)my attention on study this week. ‎ A. However the story is amusing ‎ B. No matter amusing the story is ‎ C. However amusing the story is ‎ D. No matter how the story is amusing ‎5. C. 因为表示“正要做某事时，突然又发生另一件事”的句型是：was /were just about to do sth. when…did…或was /were just on the point of doing sth. when…did…‎ ‎6. C. 因为not…until…“直到…才…”，再接before语意上不通，要用after。‎ ‎7. C. 引导状语从句时no matter how=however，其后接形容词或副词，只有C正确。‎ ‎8. Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind, ________ they hunt them for food. ‎ A. if B. while C. unless D. as ‎9. ________ he thought he was helping us with the work, he was actually in the way. ‎ A. Although　 B. Unless ‎ C. Because D. When ‎10. Babies sleep l6 to l8 hours in every 24 hours, and they sleep less ________ they grow older. ‎ A. while B. as C. when D. after ‎11. I have been keeping the portrait ________ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my childhood in Paris. ‎ A. since B. where C. as D. if ‎8. C. unless“除非、如果不”。句意是：大多数动物与其它不同种类的动物都没有什么联系，除非是把它们猎为食物。‎ ‎9. A. 句意是：虽然他认为他在帮我们做工，但事实上他是在挡事。‎ ‎10. B. 表示主、从句的谓语动词同时变化的“随着…”只能用as。‎ ‎11. B. 因为keep the portrait (把照片放在…)后面一定是指所放的“地方”了，所以用where (在…的地方) 引导一个地点状语从句。‎ ‎12. ________ your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided. ‎ A. Having checked B. Check C. If you check D. To check ‎13. －Did you remember to return the book to our English teacher? ‎ ‎－Yes. I gave it to him ________ I saw him. ‎ A. once B. while C. if D. the moment ‎14. A warning news report from Qatar announces that a group of Islam will continue to kill Americans wherever they are ________ they leave the Arab world forever. ‎ A. even though B. in case C. whenever D. until ‎12. C. 因为非谓语动词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，mistakes不能check，排除A和D；若用B，则前后是两个句子，又无连词，排除B。‎ ‎13 D. 因为the moment可作连词，与as soon as相当(from www.hxen.com)。‎ ‎14. D. until (直到…)与肯定句连用，引出的时间是主句谓语动词结束的时间。even though即使；in case以防万一；whenever每当、无论何时。‎ ‎15. —May I go now?‎ ‎— ________ you’ve finished your work, you may go. ‎ A. After B. Although C. Now that D. As soon as ‎16. " ________ I live there are plenty of sheep." said the boy ________ pride. ‎ A. Where; with B. When; in C. That; in D. Why; with ‎17. He seemed to have been asleep, so I said nothing, but sat ________ he would see me ________ waking. ‎ A. whether; when B. that；when C. which；where D. where；when ‎15. C. 因为now that =since“既然”。‎ ‎16. A. 因为with pride (骄傲地) 是固定短语；where (在…的地方) 引导一个地点状语从句，‎ ‎17. D. 由where引导一个地点状语从句，表示坐 (sat) 的地方；后面是带有连词的现在分词作时间状语，when waking=when he woke。‎ ‎18. It will be five years ________ we meet again. ‎ A. since B. until C. before D. when ‎19. Never lose heart ________ difficulty you may meet with. ‎ A. what B. whatever C. how D. however ‎20. ________ we are allowed ________ , we can’t drink any beer. ‎ A. As long as; to do B. If; to C. Unless; to D. On condition that; doing so ‎21. You can still find bones of the birds ________ they used to live. ‎ A. in which B. in the place C. where D. that ‎18. C. 因为It will be +时间段+ before…是固定句式，意为“过…之后才…”。句意是：要过五年之后，我们才会再次见面。‎ ‎19. B. 因为whatever = no matter what引导一个让步状语从句，并作difficulty的定语。句意是：你无论遇到什么困难，也决不要灰心丧气。‎ ‎20. C. 句意是：如果不允许我们喝啤酒，我们就不能喝。‎ ‎21. C. 因为无先行词，不是定语从句，而是由where引导的一个地点状语从句。句意是：在它们过去居住的地方，你仍然可以找到鸟的骨头 ‎22. How can they learn anything ________ they spend all their spare time watching TV?‎ A. where B. when C. while D. but ‎23. ________ I admit that there are problems, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved. ‎ A. While B. If C. As D. Unless ‎24. “________ my feet remain standing above the water level, there is hope...” said the captain. ‎ A. Where B. Even if C. While D. Although ‎22. B. 题中when=since既然。句意是：既然他们把所有的空闲时间都用来看电视了，他们还能学到什么呢？‎ ‎23. A. 因为while可以表示让步，与although相当，意为“虽然”。‎ ‎24. C. 因为while有“只要”之意，与as long as相当。又如：While there is life, there is hope. 只要有生命，就会有希望。/留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。‎ 状语从句答案详解 ‎1. A. 因为gave后面已经有表示物的直接宾语了，排除代词A、C、和D。however意为“无论如何”；whenever意为“每当…”，根据句意，只有选C，意义才通。‎ ‎2. A. 因为前面已经连词though了，所以不再需要连词了。Hard-working though he was=Although he was hard-working。‎ ‎3. B. 因为as引导让步状语从句，要求将从句的表语或状语等放到句首。而although, while表示让步时，都用正常语序；另外，though引导的让步状语从句，其表语或状语等可提前也可不提前。‎ ‎4. C. 因为immediately, instantly, directly和the moment, the instant, the minute等都可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as。‎ ‎5. C. 因为表示“正要做某事时，突然又发生另一件事”的句型是：was /were just about to do sth. when…did…或was /were just on the point of doing sth. when…did…‎ ‎6. C. 因为not…until…“直到…才…”，再接before语意上不通，要用after。‎ ‎7. C. 因为no matter后一定要接疑问词或whether。‎ ‎8. C. 引导状语从句时no matter how=however，其后接形容词或副词，只有C正确。‎ ‎9. C. unless“除非、如果不”。句意是：大多数动物与其它不同种类的动物都没有什么联系，除非是把它们猎为食物。‎ ‎10. A. 句意是：虽然他认为他在帮我们做工，但事实上他是在挡事。‎ ‎11. B. 表示主、从句的谓语动词同时变化的“随着…”只能用as。‎ ‎12. B. 因为keep the portrait (把照片放在…)后面一定是指所放的“地方”了，所以用where (在…的地方) 引导一个地点状语从句。‎ ‎13. C. 因为非谓语动词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，mistakes不能check，排除A和D；若用B，则前后是两个句子，又无连词，排除B。‎ ‎14. A. 只有先A，前后意义才通：even if即使、纵然；so that为了、以便；as if. 好象；ever since从(那时)到现在。‎ ‎15. D. 因为the moment可作连词，与as soon as相当(from www.hxen.com)。‎ ‎16. D. until (直到…)与肯定句连用，引出的时间是主句谓语动词结束的时间。even though即使；in case以防万一；whenever每当、无论何时。‎ ‎17. C. 因为now that =since“既然”。‎ ‎18. A. 因为with pride (骄傲地) 是固定短语；where (在…的地方) 引导一个地点状语从句，‎ ‎19. D. 由where引导一个地点状语从句，表示坐 (sat) 的地方；后面是带有连词的现在分词作时间状语，when waking=when he woke。‎ ‎20. C. 因为It will be +时间段+ before…是固定句式，意为“过…之后才…”。句意是：要过五年之后，我们才会再次见面。‎ ‎21. B. 因为whatever = no matter what引导一个让步状语从句，并作difficulty的定语。句意是：你无论遇到什么困难，也决不要灰心丧气。‎ ‎22. C. 句意是：如果不允许我们喝啤酒，我们就不能喝。‎ ‎23. C. 因为无先行词，不是定语从句，而是由where引导的一个地点状语从句。句意是：在它们过去居住的地方，你仍然可以找到鸟的骨头。‎ ‎24. B. 题中when=since既然。句意是：既然他们把所有的空闲时间都用来看电视了，他们还能学到什么呢？‎ ‎25. A. 因为while可以表示让步，与although相当，意为“虽然”。‎ ‎26. C. 因为while有“只要”之意，与as long as相当。又如：While there is life, there is hope. 只要有生命，就会有希望。/留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。‎ ‎1._________ I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the store.‎ ‎2._________ John arrived, I was cooking lunch.‎ ‎3._______ he grew older, he lost insterest in everything except gardening.‎ ‎4.How can he get good grades_________he won’t study?‎ ‎5.I was wandering through the ‎ street________I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.‎ ‎6.They phoned immediately they reached home.‎ ‎____________________________.‎ ‎7.No sooner had she seen Tom than she smiled.‎ ‎___________________________.‎ ‎8.I want to see her the moment she arrived.‎ ‎________________________.‎ ‎9.I didn’t leave until he came back.‎ ‎____________________(强调句型)‎ ‎______________________(倒装句)‎ ‎10.It is three years since the war broke out.‎ ‎11.It is three years since I smoked a cigar. ‎ ‎12.It may take ten years or more________the scientists can find a cure for AIDS.‎ ‎13.Few peaple will pay full attention to their health _______ they get certain incurable disease.‎ ‎14.Let me take down what you have said ________I forget.‎ ‎15.It is several weeks_______my father got drunk last time.‎ ‎16.We were chatting happily on the Internet______ the light went out.‎ ‎17.Three years had passed _____I knew it.‎ ‎18.After the war, a new school was put up ______ there had once been a theater.‎ A.that B.where ‎ ‎ C.which D.when ‎19.I have put the portait _______I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my university days in London.‎ A.which B.where C.whether D.when ‎20.______that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.‎ A. For B.Now ‎ ‎ C. Since D.Despite ‎21.It’s not surprising that____ little worms eat___little grain.‎ ‎22.Can you believe that in _______a rich country there should be____many poor people?‎ ‎23.He is____smart a boy that I like him very much.‎ ‎24.He is so young that he can’t join the army.‎ He is _____ ______ ______to join the army.‎ He is _____ ______ to join the ‎ army.‎ He is so young_____ _____ _____ join the army.‎ ‎25.I’ll be your true friend, _____ happens.‎ A.whatever B.no matter ‎ ‎26._____I see him,he is busy withhis research work.‎ A.Whenever B.No matter when ‎27.He liked reading very much. ______he went, He took a book with him.‎ A.Wherever B.No matterwhere ‎28.______the difficult the problem ‎ may be, I’ll work it out by myself.‎ A.However B.No matter how ‎29.I won’t let you in, _____you may be.‎ A.whoever B.no matter who ‎30.______leave the room last should remember to turn off the light.‎ A.Whoever B.No matter who ‎31.I’m too busy to buy you a present, so you can use the money I give you to buy______you like.‎ A.whatever B. no matter what ‎32.I’ll give the ticket to_____really wants to see the film.‎ A.whoever ‎ B.whomever ‎ C.no matter who ‎33. Pressure can be reduced when needed.‎ ‎_____________________________‎ ‎34. Once seen, it can never be forgotten.‎ ‎35. He has no money. If any, he would give us.‎ ‎____________________________‎ ‎36. If in need, don’t hesitate to ask ‎ me for money.‎ ‎____________________________‎ ‎37. Jane seemed as if good at everything.‎