高考英语真题与模拟类编专题短文改错含答案

高考英语真题与模拟类编专题短文改错含答案

‎2018年高考及最新模拟分类汇编之短文改错 ‎2018年高考短文改错 ‎【2018·全国I】短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的次。‎ 删除：把多余的用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：(1).每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎(2).只允许修改10处，多者（从第l1处起）不计分。‎ ‎71. During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also Iwent here again,they had a big separnte house to raise dozens of chicken.They also had a small pond,which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.‎ ‎【答案】During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and animals. Last winter when I went again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of . They also had a small pond they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by the fish. I felt that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, he agreed.‎ ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在去年寒假期间和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶过程中的所见所闻，由此讲述了乡下的巨大变化。‎ ‎1. countryside前加the 考查冠词。去年寒假，我和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶。此处特指去的是乡下，故加定冠词the。‎ ‎2. find改成found 考查动词时态。根据文章中的During my last winter holiday可知，事件发生在过去，故用一个过去时。故将find改成found。‎ ‎3. another改成other 考查形容词的用法。他们住在一个小房子里，院子里有狗、鸭子和其他牲畜。根据句意可知，将another改成other。‎ ‎4. here改成there 考查副词及语意理解。去年冬天我又一次去了那里。故将here改成there。‎ ‎5. chicken改成chickens 考查名词复数。他们拥有一个大的独立住宅，还养了许多只鸡。根据前文的dozens of可知，其后用名词复数形式。‎ ‎7. sell改成selling 考查动名词。去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词，故用selling。‎ ‎8. happily改成happy 考查形容词作表语。他们的生活有了很大提高，我感到很高兴。此处形容词作表语，故将happily改成happy。‎ ‎9. 删除for 考查介词的用法。时间名词有every，each，last等词修饰时，其前不用介词。故删除for。‎ ‎10. but改成and 考查并列连词的用法。我计划每两年回来一次，他同意了。此处是并列关系，故将but改成and。‎ 点睛：本文中第9处改错是学生容易忽视的考点。时间名词有every，each，last，this，that等词修饰时，其前不用介词。‎ 例：We are going to fish this morning.‎ I finished the course last winter holiday.‎ ‎【2018·全国II】短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 ‎ 注意：（1）.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎(2).只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ ‎71. When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.‎ ‎【答案】When I was little, night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all in the sitting room. As kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to them, my parents would not let me. They would say to that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.‎ ‎ ‎ 第三处：考查冠词。这里表示“作为一个孩子”，a用在表示泛指的单数名词前，the表示特指。故把the改为a。‎ 第四处：考查动词不定式。句意：无论我要求多少次要去看（卡通片）。用不定式表示目的。故把watching改为watch。‎ 第五处：考查情态动词。would后跟动词原形，故把to删除。‎ 第六处：考查代词。句意：他们会对我说玩纸牌有助于大脑。偷换人称代词，是对“我”说，前面提到的I，而不是we。故把us改为me。‎ 第七处：考查固定搭配。be unwilling to do sth.意为“不愿意做某事，不情愿做某事”。本文介绍的是过去的情况，故用过去时。所以在unwilling前加was。‎ 第八处：考查介词。play the games with sb.表示“和某人一块玩游戏”，故把for改为with。第九处：考查时态。根据上下文语境可知此处要用一般过去时。故把are改为were。‎ 第十处：考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语，而是时间状语。故把where改为when。‎ 点晴：名词作定语与名词所有格作定语的区别。一般来说，名词作定语通常说明被修饰的词的性质，而名词所有格作定语则强调对被修饰的词的所有（权）关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。“the Party members（党员）”中，名词定语表示members的性质；“the Party’s calls（党的号召）”中，Party具有动作发出者的作用，calls虽然是名词，却具有动作的含义。a student teacher实习教师，a student’s teacher一位学生的老师。‎ ‎【2018·全国III】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistake as well." Immediate, I raised my hand.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了写作课上作者克服恐惧心理主动回答问题的故事。‎ 第一处：考查时态构成。根据语境可知，句子用过去完成时，过去完成时的构成是had done，所以begin要改为begun。‎ 第二处：考查非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析，本句有谓语为was，而且没有连词，与主语是主动关系，所以wait 要用非谓语waiting，表伴随。‎ 第三处：考查连词。句意：每个人都沉默了，等着看谁会被要求朗读他或她的段落。一次只能叫一个人，男女两者是选择关系，故把and改为or。‎ 第四处：考查固定搭配。be eager to do sth渴望做某事，故eager后加to。‎ 第五处：考查代词错误。句意：我已经完成了自己的作业。表示“我的”用my不用myself，或改为定冠词the也可以。‎ 第六处：考查固定结构。be afraid to do害怕做某事，所以that为多余，删掉。‎ 第七处：考查比较级。句意：我不敢在一大群人面前说话。这里没有比较的意思，故把larger改为large。‎ 第八处：考查主谓一致。that作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数includes。‎ 第九处：考查名词单复数。错误不是一个，所以要用复数。‎ 第十处：考查副词。此处要用副词在句中做状语修饰整个句子，故把immediate改为immediately。‎ ‎【点睛】此题中的难点为非谓语动词的考查，如第二处错误，第五处错误，第二处解答时要分析句子结构，根据句中是否有谓语，连词来判断使用谓语还是非谓语，再根据句子主语 everyone，与wait 之间为主动关系，所以要用现在分词。而第五处则主要考查be afraid to do 这一短语。‎ ‎2018高考模拟题 ‎【吉林省长春市2018届高三年级四模】假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。‎ 增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除: 把多余的词用斜线() 划掉。‎ 修改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词:‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起) 不计分。‎ Dear Joy,‎ How are you doing? Here is an exciting news for you. There will be an invention competition in our school in the 20th of October. However, there is a rule the participants shall be in a group. But I’d like to invite you to be my partners.‎ I know that you have been longed to design a tiny cooler that people can wear around the wrist. I think it will be a wonderfully idea for the competition. We can make a small air conditioner to controlling the temperature of the wearer.‎ How do you think of my suggestion? Looking forward to you reply.‎ Yours,‎ Zhang Xin ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】这是一封邮件。邮件内容是张鑫想邀请Joy做搭档一起参加学校的发明比赛，设计一个小型空调。‎ 第一处：考查冠词。news是不可数名词，不可以用不定冠词修饰。所以把冠词an删掉。‎ 第二处：考查介词。the 20th of October是具体时间，所以介词用on。‎ 第三处：考查关系代词。这是一个定语从句，从句不缺成分，先行词是物，所以用关系代词that。‎ 第四处：考查连词。前一句说“有一个规则是参与者应该在一个组中”，后一句说“我想邀请你做我的搭档”，前后句存在因果关系，所以要把But改为So。‎ ‎ ‎ 第九处：考查疑问代词。固定句型what do you think of….你认为…怎么样？所以这里把How改为What。‎ 第十处：考查物主代词。名词reply前面应该是形容词性物主代词，所以把you改为your。‎ ‎【湖南省长沙市雅礼中学、河南省实验中学2018届高三联考】短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Many of us were raised with the saying “Waste not, want not”. None of us, therefore, can completely avoid waste in our lives.‎ Any kind of waste was thoughtless, whether we waste our potential talents, our own time, our limited natural resource, our money, or other people’s time. Each of us can become more aware of and careful. The smallest good habits can make the big difference. It’s a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our best in a world what is in serious trouble. By focusing on oil, water, paper, food or clothing, we are playing a part in cutting down on waste.‎ We must keep reminding us that it is easier to get into something than it is to get out of it. Actually, severe damage done to our land is fair recent in the history of our evolution. It’s time for us to say no to waste so that our grandchildren’s children will able to develop well.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】试题分析：本文讲述的是关于生活中的浪费问题及应该采取的措施。‎ ‎1.考查连接副词。句意：我们中的许多人都是这样说的：“不浪费，不需要”。 然而，我们没有人能完全避免生活中的浪费。前后句是一种转折关系，故把therefore改成however。‎ ‎2.考查时态。句意：任何一种浪费都是轻率的，无论我们是在浪费我们的潜能，我们自己的时间，我们有限的自然资源，我们的金钱，还是其他人的时间。这里在讲述一种客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时态，故把was改成is。‎ ‎3. 考查名词复数。句意：任何一种浪费都是轻率的，无论我们是在浪费我们的潜能，我们自己的时间，我们有限的自然资源，我们的金钱，还是其他人的时间。resource（资源），是可数名词，这里要用名词复数形式，故把resource改成resources。‎ ‎4.考查形容词作表语。句意：我们每个人都能变得更加清醒和谨慎。become是连系动词，后面用形容词做表语，故把of去掉。‎ ‎5.考查固定搭配。固定搭配：make a big difference产生很大的不同，有很大影响。故把the改成a。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【湖北省襄阳四中2018届高三5月第四次模拟】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删减：把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。‎ 修改：在错词下面划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Hearing a news that the 2022 Winter Olympics would be hold in China, I felt very excited. It struck to me how I learned skating when I was a child. At 7, I began to go crazy about skating, like all my friend. At the beginning, it extremely tough for me to keep my balance. I always fall over on the ground, as a result of which I thought I had no talent for skating. So I gradually lost confidence and became impatient. The more impatient I was, the more terrible I did. I was about to give up while my father came to my assistance. Encouraged by her, I restored confidence and stood up again. As I practiced skating, he always created a relaxed atmosphere and put forward some specific advice. Eventually, I made it.‎ ‎【答案】a news 改成 the news ‎ hold 改成 held ‎ struck to 中去掉 to ‎ friend 改成 friends extremely 前加 was ‎ fall 改成 fell ‎ terrible 改成 terribly ‎ while 改成 when her 改成 him ‎ relaxed 改成 relaxing ‎4.考查名词复数。根据all可知后面的名词用复数形式，故把friend 改成 friends。‎ ‎5.考查谓语动词。句意：刚开始我很难保持我的平衡。tough（困难的），是形容词，句子没有谓语动词，又是指过去的事情，故在extremely 前加 was。‎ ‎6.考查时态。这里是在谈作者刚开始学滑冰时，所以应该用一般过去时态，故把fall 改成 ‎ fell。‎ ‎7.考查副词。副词修饰动词did，故把terrible 改成 terribly。‎ ‎8.考查固定句式。be about to do sth.---when---，正要做某事---，这时候---，故把while 改成 when。‎ ‎9.考查代词。根据my father可知把Encouraged by her,中的her 改成 him。‎ ‎10.考查现在分词。句意：他总是创造一个令人放松的氛围。故把relaxed 改成 relaxing。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 与并列连词when相关的句式归纳 ‎1． be (just) about to do... when... ‎ She was just about to say something more when she noticed the sullen look on his face．她刚要再说些什么， 却突然看到了他阴沉的脸色。 ‎ ‎2． be (just) on the point of doing sth．.. when．．． ‎ They were on the point of giving up when the captain encouraged them fiercely to save the ship． 就在他们快要放弃努力时， 船长鼓励他们竭尽全力挽救轮船。 ‎ ‎3． be going to do．．． when．．． ‎ He was going to run away， when the policemen came． 他正打算逃跑， 警察突然出现了。 ‎ ‎4． be doing sth ．．． when．．． ‎ The children are playing football on the playground， when it began to rain． 孩子们正在操场上踢足球， 突然下起了大雨。 ‎ ‎5． be busy doing.．． when．．． ‎ I was busy doing my homework when one of my classmates came． 我正忙着做作业， 这时我的一个同学来找我。 ‎ ‎6． had （just) done．.． when．．． ‎ I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang． 在劳累了一天之后， 我刚要上床睡觉， 这时电话响了。 ‎ ‎7． had not done．.． when．.． ‎ I hadn’t walked a few steps when I realized that he asked for the direc-tion to my office building．我还没走出去几步远， 突然意识到他问的是去办公大楼的方向。 ‎ ‎8． be + 介词短语 + when．．． ‎ He was on his way to a lecture when a tourist stopped him and asked him for directions ‎．在他去听课的路上， 一名游客拦住他问路。‎ ‎【河南省郑州市2018届高三下学期第三次模拟】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ In the past two years, our school had organized many activities. What impressed me most was an activity calling “Learning to Farm”. In an autumn afternoon, we went to the farm, where we learned to plant potatoes. Having been in the city for such a long time, we are so happy to go to the countryside. After we got there, we were divided into three groups, we started to work. Some students cut potatoes into pieces, some dug hole, and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the holes, put the earth back and pushed them down hard. We were all busy working as all the work was done. Though we were tired out, we felt pleased on our way back to home.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】本文为记叙文。作者讲述和同学们参加学校组织的一次到农场种土豆的活动。‎ ‎1. 考查谓语动词的时态。时间状语“in the past two years”用于现在完成时，不用过去完成时，故把had改为has。‎ ‎2. 考查非谓语。句意：我印象最深的是一个叫“学习农场”的活动。分析句子What impressed ‎ me most was an activity calling “Learning to Farm”可知，本句的calling “Learning to Farm”作定语修饰名词 an activity。an activity被称为“Learning to Farm”，二者是被动关系，要用过去分词作定语。故把calling改为called。‎ ‎3. 考查介词。句意：一个秋天的下午，我们去了一个农场，在那里我们学会了种植土豆。an autumn afternoon一个秋天的下午。在确定的某一天的上下午要用介词on，而in一般用在不确定的某一月、年等。如in July，in 1980等。本句中是“一个秋天的下午”，确定的时间要用on，故In改为On。‎ ‎4. 考查冠词。根据文章内容可知，本句中的农场是第一次提到，而且指的是数量“一”，所以不用the，故把the改为a。‎ ‎5. 考查谓语动词的时态。本文主要讲述我们去农场时的事，要用一般过去时，故把are改为were。‎ ‎6. 考查连词。句意：到那里后，我们分成三组，然后开始工作。we were divided into three groups和we started to work. 是两个句子，必须有连词。分析内容可知，二者是并列的，故在两句之间添加and。‎ ‎7. 考查名词的复数。根据内容可知，是挖了好多洞，才可以放入许多土豆片。故把hole改为holes。‎ ‎8. 考查代词。句意：一些学生把土豆切成片，一些人挖一些洞，其他人把土豆片放进洞里，后再把土盖回去，并把土培结实。这里的them指代前面提到的earth，earth为不可数名词，没有复数，故把them改为it。‎ ‎9. 考查连词辨析。根据文章内容可知，我们一直工作，直到做完所有的工作。until或till表示“一直到”，as做连词表示“当….时候；因为”，故把as改为until/till。‎ ‎10. 考查固定用法。句意：虽然我们累了，在回家的路上我们感到很高兴。on one’s way home为固定搭配，意为“在某人回家的路上”，因为home为副词，前面不加介词to，故要删除to。‎ ‎【点睛】短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性英语试题，它能全面地考查学生对语言的评价与校正能力以及对词汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力。词法上考查：①动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词及情态动词的用法等。如第2小题的非谓语中的现在分词、过去分词的误用等。如第1小题误用过去完成时，第5小题误用一般现在时。②名词、代词的数、格。名词的主要考点涉及名词的单复数变化（如第7小题），可数名词和不可数名词混用（如第8小题）等。③形容词、副词的比较等级。④主谓语一致及其他的一致关系。⑤‎ 连词、关系词的使用等。句法上，主要涉及到简单句否定、疑问、倒装、省略、替代等变化。行文逻辑上，主要涉及人物的性别及与之相对应的物主代词、句意的并列与转折、时间的顺序、数量的增减以及因果的倒置等。如第9小题的连词运用不恰当等。‎ 特别提示：在做题时，首先要通读全文，了解文章大意。要整句理解，逐行分析。单独检查全篇的动词、连词、名词、冠词、代词等，这些都是容易出错的地方，也是常考查的知识点。最后记住切忌改动原文的意思，一定要在看懂原文的基础上改错，以保持原意为原则。‎ ‎【河北省石家庄市第二中学2018届高三仿真模拟（一）】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Dear Mr. Li,‎ I’m Wangtao. I’m written to tell you my opinion about employing a foreign language teacher.‎ They are two factors to take into consider. For a thing, the sense of humor is necessary for a teacher, who makes his class interesting and lively. For another, ensure efficiency in teaching and learning, the foreigner’s ability to speak Chinese matters much, so only with the help of Chinese can they communicate with each other smoothly.‎ Various of activities out of class, such as English Evening and English Corner, should be organized by the foreign language teacher, which brings the students more chances to communicate with the teacher and improve his oral English.‎ ‎【答案】1. written→writing ‎2. opinion→opinions ‎3. They→There ‎4. consider→consideration ‎5. a→one ‎6. who→which ‎7. ensure前加to ‎8. so→because/as ‎9.去掉of或 Various→Varieties ‎10. their→his ‎【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文主要介绍了作者对关于聘请外语教师的意见。‎ ‎1. 考查动词。句意：我正在写信去说一说关于聘请外语教师的意见。与主语I是主动关系，时态用现在进行时，故written改为writing。‎ ‎2. 考查名词。名词opinion是可数名词，在下文中谈到了几种意见，所以要用复数形式，故opinion改为opinions。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎8.考查连词。句意：另一方面，为了保证教与学的效率，外国人说汉语的能力非常重要，因为只有借助汉语，他们才能顺利地进行交流。后半部分是原因，故so改为because/as。‎ ‎9.考查词的用法。Various（各种各样的）是形容词，可以直接修饰名词，所以要去掉of；或者把Various换成名词Varieties，构成Varieties of （各种各样的）修饰后面名词，故去掉of或 Various改为Varieties。‎ ‎10.考查代词。此处是指提高“学生们”的口语，所以应该用人称代词their，故his改为their。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 短文改错是考试必考题型，也是学生的难点之所在，只要总结规律，多做多积累，一定可以做好它。在长期的积累中总结了以下短文改错口诀：动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；冠词连词常光顾。‎ 本题的难点主要在以下几方面：‎ ‎（1‎ ‎）动词形：主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。这类题也往往是解题的难点之所在。例如1.考查动词。句意：我正在写信去说一说关于聘请外语教师的意见。与主语I是主动关系，时态用现在进行时，故written改为writing。‎ ‎（2）非谓语，细辨别。非谓动词是改错题中的一个难点。学生不会辨别动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，所以要仔细辨别。例如7.考查不定式。句意：为了确保教与学的效率，外国人说汉语的能力很重要。句中已经有谓语动词matters，故前面要用非谓语，不定式表目的，故在ensure前加to。‎ ‎（3）习惯用法要记住：主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。例如3.考查固定句型。句意：这里有两个因素要考虑。固定句型：There be…（有……），故They—-There.‎ ‎【山西省太原市2018届高三第二次模拟】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Do you believe love is the most important? In the early twenty century, homeless people were often brought up in orphanages, in that they received little love. At one time, Dr. Skeels took twelve children from art orphanage or had a young girl look them each day. He also studied another twelve children who are left in the orphanage all day long. He followed these children not until I hey grew up, and the results were shocked. The children staying all day in the orphanage were either dead or suffering from serious illnesses. However, the twelve children loved by the girl were all healthy and independently. The only difference between the life of these children -the love, made a great difference to us.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Dr. Skeels通过跟踪记录在孤儿院长大的孩子和从孤儿院领养长大的孩子的不同，告诉我们爱在生活中的重要性。‎ ‎1. twenty →twentieth.考查数词。表示第几世纪要用序数词，故twenty改为twentieth。‎ ‎2.that→which.考查定语从句。句中包含定语从句，先行词是orphanages指物，在定语从句中作状语，指物时介词in后用关系代词which，故that改为which。‎ ‎3.or→and.考查连词。此处指Dr. Skeels从孤儿院领出了12个孩子，还有一个年轻女孩照顾他们。前后句是并列关系，不是转折，故or改为and。‎ ‎4.look后加after.考查动词短语。此处表示“照顾”，是look after，故look后加after。‎ ‎5.are→were.考查动词时态。此处指被留在孤儿院的另外12个孩子，故事发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动，故are改为were。‎ ‎ 9.life→lives.考查名词。此处指这些被调查的孩子们的生活，用复数形式。故life改为lives.‎ ‎10.us→them.考查代词。此处指代these children，表示他们的生活，用they的宾格，故us改为them。‎ ‎【山东省泰安市2018届高三第二次模拟】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Last week，my friends invited me go camping to see the sunrise．I felt so exciting and asked for my parents’permission．Luckily，he agreed．We got to the mountain top that we would stay for a whole night．We were singing together while one of my friends were playing the guitar．The next morning，we wake up at about five o’clock．We could not wait to see the sun to come up．After a while，we saw the red color light up the sky gradual．It was so amazing scenery．The beauty in nature impressed me at that moment．‎ ‎【答案】第一句 go 前面加上to 第二句 exciting 改成 excited；he 改成 they 第三句 that 改成 where 第五句 were 改成 was 第六句 wake 改成 woke 第七句 come前的to去掉 第八句 gradual 改成 gradually 第九句 so 改成such 第十句 in 改成 of ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了上周，作者和朋友一起去野营观看日出美景的经历。‎ 第一处：考查固定句型。invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事，是固定句型，所以第一句 go 前面加上to。‎ 第二处：考查v-ed形式。V-ing修饰物，而v-ed修饰人，这里修饰人，所以第二句 exciting 改成 excited。‎ 第三处：考查代词。指代前面的“我的父母”，是两个人，所以he 改成 they。‎ 第四处：考查定语从句。where we would stay for a whole night．作定语，修饰前面的the mountain top，所以where we would stay for a whole night ‎．是一个定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以第三句 that 改成 where。‎ 第五处：考查主谓一致。“one of + 可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，作主语时谓语动词用单数，所以第五句 were 改成 was。‎ ‎ ‎ 第九处：考查so与such用法的区别。so修饰形容词，而such修饰名词，这里修饰名词scenery，所以第九句 so 改成 such。‎ 第十处：考查介词。句意：在那一刻，自然的美景令我非常感动。表示“……的”，所以第十句 in 改成 of。‎ 点睛：小题4考查定语从句。如何判断定语从句是关键。判断定语从句需要三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关联词。定语从句用来充当句中定语的主谓结构；它主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词。而定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词的后面。在被修饰的名词、代词与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体，或是构成一个名词短语；或是构成一个代词短语。但从结构上说，关系词与从句是一个整体。排除句子的其他各部分，这种带有定语从句的名词短语或是代词短语的构成可演示如下：1） three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack三种意味着一个人是患有惊恐症而不是心脏病的迹象。在这个带有定语从句的名词短语中： signs是被修饰的名词； that是关系词； that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack是定语从句 2）those who drink a lot 那些大量饮酒的人。在这个带有定语从句的代词短语中： those是被修饰的名词； who是关系词; who drink a lot是定语从句。通过上面的演示,我们可以归纳出定语从句在句子中的位置、结构如下：被修饰的名词 / 代词 + 关系词 + 句子 (其中，"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".)‎ ‎【河南省洛阳市2018届高三第三次统一考试】假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10‎ 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ The photo was taken during the sixty anniversary of our school. The elderly man on the picture attended our school 50 years ago, shortly after it founded. It was the first time he has been back to our school from he graduated and he was deeply impressed by its look. Once a young student, the elderly man now has gray hair or wrinkles, while our school has a new and more modem look. After all these years, he’s still emotional when talking about that how proud he is of once being a student of our school. I was great touched by the scene. I know someday I’ll have a same feeling as this lovely man.‎ ‎【答案】1. sixty 改为 sixtieth ‎ ‎2.on 改为 in ‎ ‎3. founded前加was ‎ ‎4. has 改为 had ‎ ‎5. from改为 since ‎6. or 改为 and ‎ ‎7 . new 改为 newer ‎ ‎8 .去掉 that ‎ ‎9. great 改为 greatly ‎ ‎10. a 改为 the ‎ ‎ ‎4.考查固定句式。It was the first（second---） time that 主语+过去完成时态，某人第几次做某事，故把has 改为 had。‎ ‎5.考查连词。这是他自从毕业后第一次回到我们学校。这里是since（自从---以来）引导的时间状语从句，故把from改为 since。‎ ‎ 9.副词修饰过去分词，故把great 改为 greatly。‎ ‎10.考查固定结构。我知道有一天我会和这个可爱的男人有同样的感觉。the same---as---，与---相同，故把a 改为 the.‎ ‎【点睛】‎ ‎1.It is the first(second---)time that 主语+现在完成时态+其他。意思是：第几次做某事了。如果把is改成was，则后面用过去完成时态。It’s the third time that I have come to the Summer Palace.这是我第三次来到颐和园。‎ ‎2.It’s (high) time that 主语+一般过去时态+其他。现在是该做某事的时间了。It’s high time that we had lunch.现在是我们该吃午饭的时间了。‎ ‎3. It is/has been+一段时间+since 主语+一般过去时态+---。自从---有多长时间了。在这个句型中since引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时态，分两种情况：（1‎ ‎）如果从句的动词是终止性动词leave/come/---，则表示“从动作开始到现在多长时间了。”It is three years since he began to smoke.他已经吸烟三年了。（2）如果从句的动词是持续性动词stay/smoke/live---，则表示“从动作结束到现在多长时间了”。 It is three years since he smoked.他戒烟三年了。‎ ‎ ‎