广东高考英语完形填空题解读与解题思路

广东高考英语完形填空题解读与解题思路

广东高考英语完形填空题解读与解题思路 一、篇章特点 近三年广东高考英语完形填空的短文长度都在200词左右(2007年153词，2008年206词，2009年173词)，生词少，难度适中。一般来说，首句不设空格，提供充足语境。从体裁上来说涉及记叙文、说明文和议论文。比如2006年高考是一篇夹叙夹议的议论文，2007年高考是一篇介绍一种软件的说明文，2008年高考是一篇记叙文，2009年高考也是记叙文。掌握各种文体的特点有助于我们快速而准确地理解短文内容，采取恰当的解题思路和方法。‎ 广东省《考试说明》建议的答题时间为15分钟, 实际上答题的时间应该不需要15分钟。（10 + 2分钟内完成。其中2分钟检查。）‎ 二、选项特点 ‎2007—2009年完形填空的选项分布如下表：‎ 名词 动词 形容词 副词 ‎2007年 ‎5‎ ‎2‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ ‎2008年 ‎2‎ ‎4‎ ‎4‎ ‎0‎ ‎2009年 ‎3‎ ‎4‎ ‎2‎ ‎1‎ 就命题的着眼点来说，主要是要求考生通过对上下文的理解，进行适当的逻辑推理，选择一个意义和用法都符合语境的选项。其中，也有涉及构词法知识的内容，如正确选项可能为由课标词汇的词根派生的新词。如：‎ ‎2. A. uncomfortable B. unbelievable C. unacceptable D. unrecognizable (08年24题)‎ ‎3. A. independent B. infrequent C. inexpensive D. instant(07年26题)‎ 还有可能考查固定搭配。‎ 三、完形填空解题指导要领: ‎ ‎ 1．完形填空的短文通常没有标题且文章的首句和尾句，一般不设空，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。 ‎ ‎ 2．第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，明确大意。 ‎ ‎ 3．做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见树林。由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。因为完形填空不同于单个句子的选词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。 ‎ ‎ 4．每篇完形填空所设的空多以实词为主，干扰项也多半与前、后的句子或词组可以形成某种搭配，即如单从语法角度判断则无法确定，还必须从语篇意义上加以鉴别。 ‎ ‎ 5．动笔时先易后难，先完成容易、有把握的答案，这样可以增强自信心，然后再集中精力解决难点。对于实在无法确定的，可以从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。 ‎ ‎●热身练习:→广东省高考《英语科考试说明》提供的样题：‎ Nick sat in my classroom after school, five years ago, wanting help on a research paper that stood between him and graduation. An 21 student at the school, he felt much worried about his assignment.‎ ‎ Many 22 find themselves in the same position: A child feels lost with 23 and turns to you for help. Not wanting the child to 24 , some parents step in and take over. I could easily tell the _25 between a parent’s writing style and the student’s ‎ style on homework.‎ ‎ Parents often have pure purposes, but the result can be 26 . They’re cheating their kids out of the very education they want them to get. Allowing children to master a skill 27 lifelong gains.‎ ‎ Some ways to help without hurting:‎ ‎ Be a model learner. If your child sees you 28 papers, magazines or literature, he’ll be more motivated to learn.‎ ‎ If you’re 29 that he or she is falling behind, talk with the teacher about it instead of doing the work yourself.‎ ‎ Nick made it through fine. I didn’t write his paper. Nor did his mother. Instead, we guided him together. At 30 , we are very happy to see him collect his diploma. But no one was prouder than Nick. He knew what he had done.‎ ‎21. A. average B. excellent C. open-minded D. absent-minded ‎22. A. children B. teachers C. parents D. students ‎23. A. school B. homework C. research D. graduation ‎24. A. lose B. graduate C. succeed D. fail ‎25. A. difference B. similarity C. comparison D. distance ‎26. A. pitiful B. successful C. harmful D. useful ‎27. A. results in B. comes from C. makes up D. takes over ‎28. A. writing B. reading C. learning D. collecting ‎29. A. sure B. anxious C. worried D. happy ‎30. A. classroom B. home C. graduation D. presentation ‎● 解题技巧：‎ Skill 1 :___________________________________________________‎ Many people think teachers give pupils too much homework. They say that it is __21_ for children to work at home in their free time. _ 22 Moreover_, they argue that most teachers do not __23 _ plan the homework tasks they give to pupils. … ‎ Recently in Greece many parents complained about the _25__ homework which teachers gave to their children. …‎ Most people agree that homework is not _28 _ . …‎ ‎21 A‎. unnecessary B. uninteresting C. unfortunate D. unimportant ‎23 A‎. considerably B. favorably C. properly D. pleasantly ‎25 A‎. simple B. advanced C. easy D. difficult ‎28 A‎. fair B. average C. balanced D. comparative Skill 2 :______________________________________________________‎ ‎1. 同现:相关的单词一同出现 ‎1). 语义场同现: 看到“hospital”这个词, 你会想到_______________-‎ ‎2). 因果同现:He didn’t have breakfast, so he is _________now. ‎ ‎3). 修饰同现: 天使般的_____, 魔鬼般的______。‎ ‎4). 结构同现: add… to … , either… or… , owe…to…‎ ‎5). 反义同现: 前后出现的词表达着相反的含义,比如kind与__________ ‎ ‎2. 重现：相关的单词在不同的地方反复出现。‎ ‎1）原词重现 ‎ ‎2）同义词或近义词重现：‎ 原文表达中，可借助意思相同或相近的词，有时则是用解释性的语言来连接上下文的语义。 ‎ One of the most popular trends today is for families and groups to go with a theme when choosing their costumes. For example, costumes might be __4__ on the basis of a favorite movie, fairy tale, or some other connecting theme.‎ ‎4. A. purchased B. selected C. gained D. rewarded ‎3）上下义词重现：‎ 上下义词是指词的总结和分解关系,上义词是总称词,下义词是其包含的个体或种类。‎ 如：food是bread, noodle, milk, rice的上义词，反之bread, noodle, milk, rice是food的下义词。‎ Passage 1:‎ Long ago in a small, faraway village , there was a place known as the House of 1,000 Mirrors. A small , happy little dog learned of this place and decided to visit it. Arriving there , he bounced 1 up the stairs to the doorway. He looked through it with his ears lifted high and his tail 2 as fast as possible. To his great surprise , he 3 himself staring at 1,000 other happy little dogs with their tails swinging like him. ‎ ‎1. A. angrily B. merrily ‎2. A. wagging B. removing ‎3. A. found B. looked Passage 2:‎ While some students sleep or study during their long travel, public transportation also ‎1 a chance for socializing with peers. Students on the way to school is regulated by school 2, which may prohibit 3 activities in public—chewing gum, consuming snacks, reading books while walking—anything that might reflect 4 on the reputation of the school. Each school has a unique uniform that makes its students easily 5 to the public. School policies often require students to …‎ ‎1. A. gives B. offers C. sends ‎2. A. policies B. teachers C. schedule ‎3. A. sure B. certain C. special ‎4. A. well B. badly C. truly ‎5. A. polite B. familiar C. identifiable Skill 3:____________________________________________________________‎ 利用语篇标志:‎ 转折关系:____________________________________________________________‎ 因果关系：____________________________________________________________‎ 递进关系：___________________________________________________________‎ 结构层次：___________________________________________________________‎ As we all know, we are what we eat. 1._____, it’s very important for us to form healthy eating habits. 2._____, bad eating habits are still very common among us students. _3.____ the fact that bad eating habits will do harm to our health, we students never take it seriously.‎ ‎1.A. NeverthelessB. Therefore C. Though D. Thus ‎2.A. Otherwise B. Despite C. However D. Afterwards ‎3.A. Now that B. Even though C. On condition that D. Regardless of Skill 4:_____________________________________________________‎ ‎1) In the United States there was an unusual tale telling of the daughter of a mechanic. One day while walking along the bank of a lake, the girl _36____ to see 20 eggs laid by a wild goose.‎ A. managed B. attempted C. happened D. supposed ‎2）A major French newspaper ___21___ his brother for him and…which would be awarded to people who made great ___29___ to the causes of peace…‎ ‎21. A. found B. misunderstood C. mistook D. judged ‎29. A. additions B. sacrifices C. changes D. contributions Skill 5:_______________________________________________________‎ There was a time when parents would buy an educational present for their children. This Christmas, there were a lot of personal computers under the tree. 21 that computers are the key to success, parents are also 22 that children be taught to use them in school as early as possible. ‎ ‎21. A. Believing B. Wishing C. Provided D. Supposed ‎22. A. planning B. insisting C. expecting D. commanding Skill 6:______________________________________________________‎ People of Burlington are being disturbed by the sound of bells. Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the ____ and have made up their minds to ring the bells non-stop for two weeks as a protest.‎ A. college B. village C. town D. church ‎● 实战演练 高考真题：‎ Wouldn't it be great if we didn't have to remember passwords (密码) ever again？If we could just sit in front of our computers and be   21   logged in (登录)? Crave mentions how NECSoft BiodeLogon system uses face recognition technology to log you on to Windows, rather than using a   22  . All you need is a webcam and your pretty face to  23 your PC. No more 24  , confusing passwords to remember or change every few months.‎ After doing a little research, I found this type of 25  already available to consumers via a relatively 26 application called FaceCode. The  27 requires the use of a webcam to recognize and log PC users into their systems. You can add as many  28 as you want, provided they each have a Windows account. If the system 29 to recognize your 30 , you can recall the Windows user name and password by using a hot-key combination. （07高考题）‎ Task 1: Get the general idea of the passage.‎ Task 2: Check the answers and analyze the cloze test.(选择适当的选项并找出依据)‎ ‎21. A. automatically B. personally     C. correctly     D. occasionally 22. A. face       B. password     C. software       D. system 23. A. access   B. connect    C. recognize     D. remember 24. A. simple   B. complicated  C. special         D. useful ‎25. A. computer  B. technology     C. password  D. application 26. A. independent  B. infrequent C. inexpensive   D.‎ ‎ instant 27. A. account     B. consumer        C. designer      D. software 28. A. users        B. passwords       C. systems       D. computers 29. A. begins     B. tries             C. fails             D. stops 30. A. account      B. name                C. password    D. face 综合练习 1：‎ My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling 21 , but I always knew he was 22 . He never criticized us, but used 23 to bring out our best. He’d say, “If you pour water on flowers, they flourish. If you don’t give them water, they die.” I remember as a child I said something _24 _ about somebody, and my father said, “Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a reflection of you.” He explained that if I looked for the best in people, I would get the best in return. From then on I’ve always tried to 25 the principle in my life and later in running my company.‎ Dad’s also always been very 26 . At 15, I started a magazine. It was taking up a great deal of my time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a 27 : stay in school or leave to work on my magazine. I decided to leave, and Dad tried to sway me from my decision, as any good father would. When he realized I had made up my mind, he said, “Richard, when I was 23, my dad persuaded me to go into law. And I’ve 28_ regretted it. I wanted to be a biologist, but I didn’t pursue my dream. You know what you want. Go fulfill (实现) it.”‎ As it turned out, my little publication went on to become Student, a national 29 for young people in the U.K. My wife and I have two children, and I’d like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad _ 30 me.‎ ‎21. A. biologist B. manager C. lawyer D. gardener ‎22. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned ‎23. A. praise B. courage C. power D. warmth ‎24. A. unnecessary B. unkind C. unimportant D. unusual ‎25. A. revise B. set C. review D. follow ‎26. A. understanding B. experienced C. serious D. demanding ‎27. A. suggestion B. decision C. notice D. choice ‎28. A. always B. never C. seldom D. almost ‎29. A. newspaper B. magazine C. program D. project ‎30. A. controlled B. comforted C. reminded D. raised 综合练习 2：‎ As she waited at the edge of the ice for her music to start. Peggy took a quick look at her father standing nearby with a group of parents and teachers. He smiled at her. Then she __21__ out at the audience, hoping to see her mother. These two, Alvert and Doris Flemint, had driven all the way from California more than 2,000 miles away, to see their __22__ compete in this sports meet in Cleveland, Ohio.‎ ‎ The music __23__ and Peggy moved onto the ice, letting the music carry her along into her turns, and she began skating with much __24 _ in herself. The cold fear she always had in the last seconds before skating onto the ice was __25__. She was feeling the movement of the __26__ and letting it carry her. She skated easily, then did some jumps, a final turn and her performance was finished.‎ ‎ The crowd loved it and cheered as she skated off the ice. “Nice job,” said one of the other __27__. It was the remark that always came after a free-skating performance. But what should the __28__ say? Standing beside her father, Peggy waited for the scoring to be finished. On all sides were other young skaters, some waiting __29__ alone, others with a parent. Shortly before 10 o’clock the results were __30__. The new United States Women’s Figure Skating Champion was Peggy Fleming of Passdena, California.‎ ‎21. A. looked ‎22. A. friend ‎23. A. started ‎24. A. thought ‎25. A. lost ‎26. A. music ‎27. A. skaters ‎28. A. players ‎29. A. comfortably ‎30. A. cried out B. watched B. children B. played B. belief B. present B. fear ‎ B. parents B. audience B. hurriedly B. let out C. found C. son C. developed C. success C. strong C. ice C. teachers C. judges C. happily C. announced D. stepped D. daughter D. sang D. anxiety D. gone D. body D. journalists D. listeners D. anxiously D. declared 综合练习 3：‎ A father had a family of sons who were always quarreling among themselves. When he ___21___ to end their disputes by his suggestions, he determined to give them a practical example of the wrongdoings of ___22___; and for this purpose he one day told them to bring him a bundle (捆) of sticks. When they had done so, he placed the ___23___ into the hands of each of them in succession, and ordered them to break it in pieces. They tried with all their strength, and were not able to do it. The father then ___24___ the sticks, took the sticks one by one, and again put them into his sons’ hands. He asked his sons again to try and break the sticks. They broke them ___25___. He then ___26___ them in these words: “my sons, if you are of one mind, and ___27___ to assist each other, you will be like these sticks together, ___28___ by all the attempts of your enemies; but if you are ___29___ among yourselves, you will be broken as easily as a ___30___ stick.”‎ ‎21. A. attempted         B. managed   C. failed           D. meant ‎22. A. discourage   B. disunion        C. discomfort      D. disorder ‎23. A. bundles        B. sticks                C. stones               D. bricks ‎ ‎24. A. placed           B. hid            C. joined      D. separated ‎25. A. easily           B. hardly             C. separately      D. completely ‎26. A. ordered          B. described           C. addressed       D. blamed ‎ ‎27. A. develop           B. advice                C. unite             D. stay ‎28. A. unattended       B. uninjured          C. unchanged     D. unemployed ‎29. A. divided      B. conformed       C. recognized    D. annoyed ‎30. A. walking      B. single            C. weak             D. tiny