2010-2017高考英语北京卷精排精校附答案

2010-2017高考英语北京卷精排精校附答案

2010-2017年北京英语高考真题 8年奉献 2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语(北京卷) 本试卷共15页，共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无 效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What does the man want to be in the future? A. A soldier. B. A lawyer. C. A teacher. 2. What does the girl want? A. Sweets. B. Books. C. Pencils. 3. When did the two speakers plan to meet Jane? A. At2:00. B. At2:15. C. At2:30. 4. What will the woman do tonight? A. Go to the park. B. Play basketball. C. Work at a bookstore. 5. What is the woman doing? A. Offering help. B. Asking for information. C. Making an introduction. 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟 的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. Where do the two speakers work? A. At a store. B. At a hotel. C. At a school. 7. Where does the woman come from? A. Brazil. B. Australia. C. Singapore. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. What is the weather like in the north tonight? 9. What is the high temperature in the south tomorrow? A. 15°C. B. 20°C. C. 23°C. 听第8段材料，回答第l0至12题。 10. What motivates the man to employ local people? A. To help the local business. B To increase the local employment rate. C. To reduce the number of workers from other places. 11. What will the man probably do in the future? A. Set up a new company. B. Run a training course. C. Lead an easier life. 12. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Supplier and customer. B. Manager and secretary. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 13. What rule should you follow if you want to enter the sports complex? A. Wear appropriate shoes. B. Register on the notice board. C. Make an appointment with a coach. 14. How much is the buffet? A. £4. B. £8. C. £10. 15. What is the purpose of the announcement? A. To introduce a playing field. B. To introduce a holiday camp. C. To introduce a fruit market. 第三节(共5小题；每小题l.5分，共7.5分) 听下面一段对话，完成第l6至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟 的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。 Customer Complaint Form(客户投诉表) Customer Thompson Electronics Problem A 16 delivery： ● Printers ordered：25 HW l7 ● Printers delivered：25 HW56 Cause A computer l8 problem Solution (解决方案) ●Post the correct order l9 delivery ·Put a$300 20 0n the customer’S account 第二部分：知识运用(共两节，45分) 第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题l分，共15分) 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 21. at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked 22. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the "r" sounds at the end of the words . A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped 23. ---Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. --Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters. A. might B. must C. would D. can 24. --I'm not finished with my dinner yet. --But our friends for us. A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting 25. I'm calling to enquire about the position in yesterday's China Daily. A. advertised B. to be advertised C. advertising D. having advertised 26. --I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20? --Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20. A. hadn't made B. wouldn't make C. don't make D. haven't made 27. Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. A. what B. whose C. which D. that 28. It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they __ for me. A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing 29. Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are everyone's enjoyment. A. in B. at C. for D. to 30. they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures. A. As B. While C. Until D. Once 31. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how 32. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was ______ it was rather closely modeled on his own life. A. what B. that C. why D. whether 33. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. A. Whether B. What C. That D. How 34. --The weather has been very hot and dry. --Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _____ . A. wouldn't die B. didn't die C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died 35. First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get __ second chance to make _____ first impression. A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a 第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题l.5分，共30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 I met Mrs. Neidl in the ninth grade on a stage-design team for a play and she was one of the directors. Almost instantly I loved her. She had an Unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking, 36 she was encouraging and inspiring. For some reason, she was impressed with my work and me. Mrs. Neidl would ask me for my 37 . She wanted to know how I thought we should 38 things. At first I had no idea how to answer because I knew 39 about stage design! But I slowly began to respond to her 40 . It was cause and effect: She believed I had opinions, so I began to 41 them. She trusted me to complete things, so I completed them perfectly. She loved how 42 I was, so I began to show up to paint more and more. She believed in me, so I began to believe in myself. Mrs. Neidl's 43 that year was, "Try it. We can always paint over it 44 !"I began to take 45 . I had been so afraid of failing but suddenly there was no failing--only things to be 46 upon. I learned to dip my brush into the paint and 47 create something. The shy, quiet freshman achieved success that year. I was 48 in the program as "Student Art Assistant" because of the time and effort I'd put in. It was that year that I 49 I wanted to spend the rest of my life doing stage design. Being on that stage-design team 50 Mrs. Neidl changed me completely. Not only was I stronger and more competent than I had thought, but I also 51 a strong interest and a world I hadn't known existed. She taught me not to 52 what people think I should do: She taught me to take chances and not be 53 . Mrs. Neidl was my comforter when I was upset. Her 54 in me has inspired me to do things that I never imagined 55 . 36. A. and B. yet C. so D. for 37. A. opinion B. impression C. information D. intention 38. A. make B. keep C. handle D. change 39. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing 40. A. questions B. comments C. explanations D. remarks 41. A. hold B. follow C. evaluate D. form 42. A. happy B. lively C. reliable D. punctual 43. A. message B. motto C. saying D. suggestion 44. A. again B. more C. instead D. later 45. A. steps B. control C. charge D. risks 46. A. improved B. acted C. looked D. reflected 47. A. easily B. carefully C. confidently D. proudly 48. A. introduced B. recognized C. identified D. considered 49. A. confirmed B. decided C. realized D. acknowledged 50. A. with B. below C. of D. by 51. A. developed B. discovered C. took D. fostered 52. A. accept B. care C. judge D. wonder 53. A. bored B. lazy C. sad D. afraid 54. A. trust B. patience C. curiosity Do interest 55. A. accessible B. enjoyable C. possible D. favorable 第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，40分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，共30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Goldie's Secret She turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. No way could I have sent her away. No way, not me anyway. Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before. "We're moving house.'; "No space for her any more with the baby coming." "We never really wanted her, but what could we have done? She was a present." People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen. I called her Goldie. If I had known what was going to happen I would have given her a more creative name. She was so unsettled during those first few days. She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her happy, it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner's. But eventually at the end of the first week she calmed down. Always by my side, whether we were out on one of our long walks or sitting by the fire. That's why it was such a shock when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk. We were a long way from home, when she started barking and getting very restless. Eventually I couldn't hold her any longer and she raced off down the road towards a farmhouse in the distance as fast as she could. By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and upset with Goldie. But when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies (幼犬) I started to feel sympathy towards them. "We didn't know what had happened to her," said the woman at the door. "I took her for a walk one day, soon after the puppies were born, and she just disappeared." "She must have tried to come back to them and got lost," added a boy from behind her. ' I must admit I do miss Goldie, but I've got Nugget now, and she looks just like her mother. And I've learnt a good lesson: not to judge people. 56. How did the author feel about Goldie when Goldie came to the house? A. Shocked. B. Sympathetic. C. Annoyed. D. Upset. 57. In her first few days at the author's house, Goldie . AI felt worried B. was angry C. ate a little D. sat by the fire 58. Goldie rushed off to a farmhouse one day because she . A. saw her puppies B. heard familiar barkings C. wanted to leave the author D. found her way to her old home 59. The passage is organized in order of . A. time B. effectiveness C. importance D. complexity B Open Letter to an Editor I had an interesting conversation with a reporter recently---one who works for you. In fact, he's one of your best reporters. He wants to leave. Your reporter gave me a copy of his resume (简历) and photocopies of six stories that he wrote for you. The headlines showed you played them proudly. With great enthusiasm, he talked about how he finds issues (问题), approaches them, and writes about them, which tells me he is one of your best. I'm sure you would hate to lose him. Surprisingly, your reporter is not unhappy. In fact, he told me he really likes his job. He has a great assignment (分工), and said you run a great paper. It would be easy for you to keep him, he said. He knows that the paper values him. He appreciates the responsibility you've given him, takes ownership of his profession, and enjoys his freedom. So why is he looking for a way out? He talked to me because he wants his editors to demand so much more of him. He wants to be pushed, challenged, coached to new heights. The reporter believes that good stories spring from good questions, but his editors usually ask how long the story will be, when it will be in, where it can play, and what the budget is. He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones. He wants someone to get excited about what he's doing and to help him turn his story idea upside down and inside out, exploring the best ways to report it. He wants to be more valuable for your paper. That's what you want for him, too, isn't it? So your reporter has set me thinking. Our best hope in keeping our best reporters, copy editors, photographers, artists---everyone--is to work harder to make sure they get the help they are demanding to reach their potential. If we can't do it, they'll find someone who can. 60. What does the writer think of the reporter? A. Optimistic. B. Imaginative. C. Ambitious. D. Proud. 61. What does the reporter want most from his editors in their talks? A. Finding the news value of his stories. B. Giving him financial support. C. Helping him to find issues. D. Improving his good ideas. 62. Who probably wrote the letter? A. An editor. B. An artist. C. A reporter. D. A reader. 63. The letter aims to remind editors that they should __ A. keep their best reporters at all costs B. give more freedom to their reporters C. be aware of their reporters' professional development D. appreciate their reporters' working styles and attitudes C Pacing and Pausing Sara tried to befriend her old friend Steve's new wife, but Betty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didn't hold up her end of the conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing. Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are similar, there's no problem. But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before I'm finished or fail to take your turn when I'm finished. That's what was happening with Betty and Sara. It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel. The general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping (思维定式 ). And these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in--and never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up. That's why slight differences in conversational style--tiny little things like microseconds of pause-can have a great effect on one's life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems---even in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training. 64. What did Sara think of Betty when talking with her? A. Betty was talkative. B. Betty was an interrupter. C. Betty did not take her turn. D. Betty paid no attention to Sara. 65. According to the passage, who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns? A. Americans. B. Israelis. C. The British. D. The Finns. 66. We can learn from the passage that __ A. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacing B. women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the US C. one's inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimes D. one should receive training to build up one's confidence 67. The underlined word "assertiveness" in the last paragraph probably means __ A. being willing to speak one's mind B. being able to increase one's power C. being ready to make one's own judgment D. being quick to express one's ideas confidently D The Cost of Higher Education Individuals (个人) should pay for their higher education. A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源 ) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them. Full government funding (资助 ) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy. If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate. Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经 济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education. 68. The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refers to A. taxpayers B. pressing calls C. college graduates D. government resources 69. The author thinks that with full government funding A. teachers are less satisfied B. students are more demanding C. students will become more competent D. teachers will spend less time on teaching 70. The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to A. argue against free university education B. call on them to finance students' studies C. encourage graduates to go into business D. show their contribution to higher education 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Muzak The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? 71 It's similar to the music you listen to, but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music was especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway. Quiet background music used to be called "elevator (电梯) music" because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name "Muzak". About one-third of the people in America listen to "Muzak" everyday. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. 72 If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? 73 Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak doeswhat it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. 74 Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries. 75 . They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak! A. Some people don't like Muzak. B. The music gives them extra energy. C. Music is playing in the background. D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more. E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better. F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used. G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world. 第四部分：书面表达(共两节，35分)第一节情景作文(20分) 假设你是红星中学高二(1)班的学生李华，利用上周末的时间帮助祖父母安排了去北戴河的旅 行。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，叙述你从准备到送行的全过程。 注意：1．周记的开头已为你写好。 2．词数不少于60。 Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe. 第二节开放作文(15分) 请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。 In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it. 2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷) 标准答案 第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分） 第一节 （共 5小题：每小题 1.5分，共 7.5分） 1—5：BAACB 第二节 （共 10小题：每小题 1.5分，共 15分） 6—10：BAACB 11—15：CCABB 第三节 （共 5小题：每小题 1.5分，共 7.5分） 每小题 1.5分。如出现拼写错误不计分；出现大小写、单复数错误扣 0.5分；如每小题超过一个词 不计分。 16. wrong 17. 3C56/3c56 18. system 19. special 20. credit 第二部分：知识运用 （共两节，45分） 第一节 单项填空 （工 5小题：每小题 1分，共 15分） 21—25：AABDA 26—30：DBACD 31—35：CBBDC 第二节 完形填空 （共 20小题：每小题 1.5分，共 30分） 36—40：BACDA 41—45：DCBDD 46—50：ACBCA 51—55：BBDAC 第三部分： 阅读理解 （共两节，40分） 第一节 （共 15小题；每小题 2分，共 30分） 56—60：BADAC 61—65：DACCB 66—70：CDBDA 第二节 （共 5小题；每小题 2分，共 10分） 71—75：CBFDA 第四部分：书面表达 （共两节，35分） 第一节 （情景作文（20分） One possible version: Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe. On Saturday morning, together with my grandparents, I searched the Internet for the train schedule, the weather in Beidaile, and some hotel information. In the afternoon, I went to the train station and managed to buy two tickets for my grandparents although there was a long queue. After dinner, I packed into the suitcase the things my grandparents reed, such as clothes, glasses, an umbrella, and a map. The next morning, I went to the station to see them off. Waving goodbye to them on the platform, I felt happy for them and wished them a safe journey. 第二节 开放作文 （15分） One possible version: In the picture, between two closely-located buildings grows a big tree. Unlike most trees, this one bends in the middle , struggling all the way up to get more sunshine. The picture reminds me of those who succeed in unfavorable conditions. Faced with difficulties, they never give up but try their best to find a way out. Life can be hard. But if we have the courage and determination, we will finally get the sunshine we want as the tree in the picture does. 2011 2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语(北京卷) 第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分） 第一节 （共 5小题；每小题 1.5分，共 7.5分） 听下面 5段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你将有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What color T-shirt does the man plan to order？ A. Red B. Blue C. Green 2. Which section does the man like to read? A. News B. Sports C. Entertainment 3. What job will the man probably take in summer? A. Lifeguard B. Tour guide C. Swimming coach 4. Where does the woman want to go on holiday? A. Turkey B. Canada C. Italy 5. What are the two speakers talking about? A. Shark B. Camera C. Movie 第二节 （共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，共 15分） 听下面 4段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后几道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第 6段材料，回答第 6至 7题。 6. What test are the speakers going to take on Friday? A. Science B. History C. Music 7. Why does the woman speaker make the phone call? A. To discuss her maths problems. B. To seek help with her English reading. C. To ask about the homework for tomorrow. 听第 7段材料，回答第 8至 9题。 8. What does the man think is the cause of the woman’s illness? A. Last night’s dinner B. The hot weather C. Bottled water 9. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Husband and wife B. Doctor and patient C. Guest and receptionist 听第 8段材料，回答第 10至 12题。 10. What is the man doing? A. Making an invitation. B. Offering information. C. Asking for permission. 11. What time is the woman going to see the dentist this Saturday? A. 10:30 a.m. B. 12:30 p.m. C. 4:30 p.m. 12. What is the woman going to do after seeing the dentist? A. Clean the house. B. Take a walk by the lake. C. Help Jim with his science project. 听第 9段材料，回答第 13至 15题。 13. What makes shoppers tired? A. Queuing for electrically-driven cars. B. Looking for what they want to buy. C. Carrying shopping around. 14. What is the problem for building moving walkways in the store? A. The space B. The redesign C. The technology 15. Where will the computer system send the things shoppers buy? A. To the exit. B. To the shelf. C. To the shoppers’ homes. 第三节 （共 5小题；每小题 15分，共 75分） 听下面一段对话，完成第 16至第 20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有 20 秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有 60秒钟的作答时间，这段对话你将听两遍。 Missing Person Report Form Time last seen About 16 o’clock in the afternoon Place last seen At the 17 section of the store Name 18 Age Five Appearance Dark 19 hair thin and small Clothing Blue 20 , a pink T-shirt, a hat 第二部分，如识运用（共两题）45分。 20．第一节 单项填空，共 15小题，每小题 1分，共 15分 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 例：It’s so nice to hear from her again ______________, we list met more than thirty years ago. A. What’s more B. That’s to say C. to other words D. Believe it or not 答案是 D。 21. Experiments of this kind ______________in both the U. S and Europe well before the Second World War. A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted 22. ______________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom 23. Tom ______________ in the library every night over the last three months. A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working 24. — I don’t really like Jams. Why did you invite him? — Don’t worry. He _____ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were. A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not 25. It’s important for the figures ______________ regularly. A. to be undated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated 26. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others. ______________, of course, made all the others upset. A. who B. which C. what D. that 27. That must have been a long trip. Yeah, it ______ us a whole week yet there. A. takes B. had taken C. took D. was taking 28. Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined. — I wish they ______________ always late. A. weren’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t he D. wouldn’t have been 29. _______ volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball. A. Since B. Once C. Unless D. While 30. May be if I ______________ science, and not literature then. I would be able to give your more help. A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying 31. The shocking news made me realize ______________ terrible problems we would face. A. what B. how C. that D. why 32. — Bob has gone to California. — Oh, can you tell me when he ______________? A. had left B. left C. is leaving D. would leave 33. Sit down. Emma. You will only make yourself more worried, ______________ on your feet. A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept 34. The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase ______________. A. them B. those C. it D. that 35. With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken _____________ color. A. by B. for C. with D. in 第二节 完形填空（共 20小题；每小题 15分，共 30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because. I didn’t like attention drawn to myself. And 36 otherwise assigned （指定） a seat by the teacher. I always 37 to sit at the back of the classroom. All this 38 after I joined a sports team. It began when a teacher suggested. I try out for the basketball team. At first I thought it was a crazy 39 because I didn’t have a good sense of balance nor did I have the 40 to keep pace with the others on the team and they would tease me. But for the teacher who kept insisting on my “ 41 for it”, I wouldn’t have decided to give it a try. Getting up the courage to go to the tryouts was only the 42 of it. When I first started 43 the practice sessions. I didn’t even know the rules of the game much 44 what I was doing. Sometimes I’d get 45 and take a shot at the wrong direction—which made me feel really stupid. 46 . I wasn’t the only one “new” at the game, so I decided to 47 on learning the game, do my best at each practice session, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didn’t 48 “just yet”. I practiced and practiced. Soon I knew the 49 and the “moves” Being part of a team was fun and motivating. Very soon the competitive 50 in me was winning over my lack of confidence. With time, I learned how to play and made friends in the 51 — friends who respected my efforts to work hard and be a team player. I never had so much fun! With my 52 self-confidence comes more praise from teachers and classmates. I have gone from “ 53 ” in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself. 54 raising my hand — even when I sometimes wasn’t 100 percent 55 I had the right answer. Now I have more self-confidence in myself. 36. A. as B. until C. unless D. though 37. A. hoped B. agreed C. meant D. chose 38. A. continued B changed C. settled D. started 39. A. idea B. plan C. belief D. saying 40. A. right B. chance C. ability D. patience 41. A. going B. looking C. cheering D. applying 42. A. point B. half C. rest D. basis 43. A. enjoying B. preparing C. attending D. watching 44. A. less B. later C. worse D. further 45. A. committed B. motivated C. embarrassed D. confused 46. A. Interestingly B. Fortunately C. Obviously D. Hopefully 47. A. focus B. act C. rely D. try 48. A. want B. do C. support D. know 49. A. steps B. orders C. rules D. games 50. A. role B. part C. mind D. value 51. A. process B. operation C. movement D. situation 52. A. expressed B. improved C. preserved D. recognized 53. A. dreaming B. playing C. relaxing D. hiding 54. A. by B. for C. with D. to 55. A. lucky B. happy C. sure D. satisfied 第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共 15小题：每小题 2分，共 30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。 A “I Went Skydiving at 84!” As a young girl growing up in the 1930s, I always wanted to fly a plane, but back then it was almost unheard of for a woman to do that. I got a taste of the dream in 2001, when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. But the experience turned out to be very dull. Around that time, I told my husband that I wanted to skydive. So when our retirement community (社区 )announced that they were having an essay competition and the topic was an experience of a lifetime that you wanted to have. I decided to write about my dream. In the essay, I wrote about my desire to skydive, stating Gorge Bush Sr. did it at age 80. Why not me? I was just 84 and in pretty good health . A year went by and I heard nothing. But then at a community party in late April 2009, they announced that I was one of the winners. I just couldn’t believe it. Inspired by this. I decided to realize my dream, even though some of my family members and my doctor were against it. On June 11,2009, nearly 40 of my family and friends gathered in the area close to where I would land while I headed up in the airplane. My instructor, Jay, guided me through the experience. The plane was the noisiest one I had ever been in, but I wasn’t frightened-I was really just looking forward to the experience. When we reached 13,000 feet, Jay instructed me to throw myself out of the plane. When we first hit the air, the wind was so strong that I could hardly breathe. For a second I thought, “What have I gotten myself into?” But then everything got calmer. We were in a free fall for about a minute before Jay opened the parachute (降落伞), then we just floated downward for about five minutes . Being up in the clouds and looking at the view below was unlike anything I have ever felt-much better than the hot air balloon. I was just enjoying it. Skydiving was really one of the greatest experiences of my life. I hope other people will look at me and really one of the greatest experiences of my life. I hope other people will look at me and realize that you don’t stop living just because you are 84 years old. If there’s something you want to experience, look into it. If it’s something that is possible, make it happen. 56. What happened to the author in 2001? A. She flew an airplane. B. She entered a competition. C. She went on a hot air balloon ride. D. She moved into a retirement community. 57. The author mentioned George Bush Sr. in the essay to . A. build up her own reputation B. show her admiration for him C. compare their health condition D. make her argument persuasive 58. How did the author feel immediately after she jumped out of the plane? A. Excited. B. Scared. C. Nervous D. Regretful 59. What did the author enjoy most when she was skydiving? A. The beautiful clouds. B. The wonderful view. C. The company of Jay D. The one-minute free fall B Submission Guidelines Before sending us a manuscript(稿件), look through recent issues(刊物)of the Post to get an idea of the range and style of articles we publish. You will discover that our focus has broadened to include well-researched, timely and informative articles on finance, home improvement, travel, humor, and many other fields. The Post’s goal is to remain unique, with content that provides additional understandings on the ever-evolving American scene. In addition to feature-length(专题长度的 ) articles, the Post buys anecdotes, cartoons, and photos. Payment ranges from $25 to $400. Our nonfiction needs include how-to, useful articles on gardening, pet care and training, financial planning, and subjects of interest to a 45-plus, home-loving readership. For nonfiction articles, indicate any special qualifications you have for writing about the subject, especially scientific material. Include one or two published pieces with your article. We prefer typed articles between 1,000 and 2,000 words in length. We encourage you to send both printed and online versions. We also welcome new fiction. A light, humorous touch is appreciated. We are always in need of straight humor articles. Make us laugh, and we’ll buy it. Feature articles average about 1,000 to 2,000 words. We like positive, fresh angles to Post articles, and we ask that they be thoroughly researched. We normally respond to article submissions within six weeks. You are tree to submit the article elsewhere at the same time. Please submit all articles to Features Editor. The Saturday Evening Post,1100 Waterway Boulevard. Indianapolis. IN 46202, (317) 634-1100. 60. Before sending a manuscript to the Post, a contributor is advised to . A. get a better understanding of American issues B. find out the range of the articles in the Post C. increase his knowledge in many fields D. broaden his research focus 61. To submit nonfiction articles, a contributor must . A. provide his special qualifications B. be a regular reader of the Post C. produce printed versions D. be over 45 years old 62. From the passage we can learn that the Post . A. allows article submissions within six weeks B. favors science articles within 2,000 words C. has a huge demand for humorous works D. prefers nonfiction to fiction articles C Students and Technology in the Classroom I love my Blackberry—it’s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop computer, as it holds all of my writing and thoughts. Despite this love of technology, I know that there are times when I need to move away from there devices(设备)and truly communicate with others. On occasion, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas. Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom, I have a rule-no laptops, iPads, etc. When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy. Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. There’s a bit of truth to that. Some students assume that I am anti-technology. There’s no truth in that at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students. The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on out information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and to make connections between the course material and the class discussion. I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create. Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom I’m not saying that I won’t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change, I’m sticking to my plan. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up. 63. Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with A. the course material B. others’ misuse of technology C. discussion topics D. the author’s class regulations 64. The underlined word “engage” in Para.4 probably means . A. explore B. accept C. change D. reject 65. According to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may . A. keep students from doing independent thinking B. encourage students to have in-depth conversations C. help students to better understand complex themes D. affect students’ concentration on course evaluation 66. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author. A. is quite stubborn B. will give up teaching history C. will change his teaching plan soon D. values technology-free dialogues in his class D As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating(发电)and transmission (输送) system for the 21th century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around. The 19 th century saw land grants( 政 府 拨 地 ) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the West, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns, which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died. Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now. So trade-offs will have to be made. Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species(物种) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects. The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter. The 21th century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways. The money set aside in negotiated trade-offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So let’s remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West. 67. What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways? A. Small towns along the railways became abandoned. B. Some railroad stops remained underused. C. Land in the West was hard to manage. D. Land grants went into private hands. 68. What is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs? A. The transmission of power. B. The use of money and power. C. The conservation of solar energy. D. The selection of an ideal place. 69. What is the author’s attitude towards building solar plants? A. Cautious B. Approving C. Doubtful D. Disapproving 70. Which is the best title for the passage? A. How the Railways Have Affected the West B. How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West C. How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced D. How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled 第二节(共 5小题：每小题 2分，共 10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Public Speaking and Critical Thinking What is critical thinking? To a certain degree, it’s a matter of logic(逻辑 )—of being able to spot weaknesses in other people’s arguments and to avoid them in your own. It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence. In the broad sense, critical thinking is focused, organized thinking—the ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. 71 The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken information that was readily available put it together differently to produce new ideas. That, too, is critical thinking. 72 As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical(机械的) exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking. If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused. If, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have. 73 What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. 74 As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately. 75 As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class, you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations. If you take full advantage of your speech class, you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances. This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece. A. Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves. B. This may seem like a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it. C. It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech. D. It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas. E. If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot. F. The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways. G. As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking, you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well. 第四部分：书面表达(共两节，35分) 第一节 情景作文(20分) 假设你是红星中学高二(1)班的学生李华，下面四幅图描述了近期发生在你们班的一个真实故 事，请根据图片的先后顺序，为校刊“英语园地”写一篇短文，词数不少于 60。 (请务必将情景作文写在答题卡指定区域内) 第二节 开放作文(15分) 请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于 50。 In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it. (请务必将情景作文写在答题卡指定区域内) 2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语(北京卷)参考答案 第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分) 第一节(共 5小题：每小题 1.5分，共 7.5分) 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 第二节(共 10小题，每小题 1.5分，共 15分) 6.A 7.C 8.B 9. A 10.A 11. B 12.C 13.C 14. B 15.A 第三节(共 5小题：每小题 1.5分，共 7.5分) 每小题 1.5分。如出现拼写错误不计分；出现大小写、单复数错误扣 0.5分；如每小题超过一 个词不计分。 16.4/four 17. vegetable 18. Melissa/MELISSA 19.brown 20. shorts 第二部分：知识运用 (共两节，45分) 第一节 单项填空 (共 15小题：每小题 1分，共 15分) 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. B 34.C 35. D 第二节 完形填空 (共 20小题：每小题 1.5分，共 30分) 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A 40.C 41. A 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. C 第三部分：阅读理解 (共两节，40分) 第一节 (共 15小题：每小题 2分，共 30分) 56.C 57. D 58. D 59. B 60. B 61. A 62. C 63. D 64. A 65. A 66. D 67. C 68. B 69. A 70. B 第二节 (共 5小题：每小题 2分，共 10分) 71. D 72. E 73. A 74. F 75.G 第四部分：书面表达 (共两节，35分) 第一节 情景作文 (20分) 一、内容要点： 1.老师滑倒 2.学生送老师看病 3.学生看望老师 4.老师回班上课 二、One possible version: Last Monday, we were having our Chinese class when the teacher suddenly slipped and fell. We were all worried about her. One of the boys carried her on the back, with the help of some others, to the clinic immediately. It turned out that her right leg was broken and she had to stay in the hospital. The following day, we went to visit her with flower and fruit. Seeing her lying in bed with leg wrapped in bandages, we felt sorry for her and hoped that she would recover soon. This Thursday she returned to the class on a wheelchair to give us lessons. We were all deeply moved and proud of having such a responsible teacher. 第二节 开放作文(15分) One possible version: In the picture, there stands a tree full of fruit on one side of the stream. Across the stream, a man is trying to reach out on the edge of the band for the fruit with a net attached to a pole. Not far away there is a bridge that can lead him to the tree for more fruit. The message conveyed in the picture is clear. In pursuing a dream, we might focus on only one say of making it come true, forgetting that there may be alternatives. As indicated in the picture, if the man is willing to look for other possibilities, he can find a better and more rewarding way to achieve his goal. All he has to do is to turn around, cross the bridge and walk to the tree. 2012 2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英 语（北京卷） 本试卷共 16页，共 150分，考试时长 120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作 答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分） 第一节（共 5小题；每小题 1.5分，共 7.5分） 听下面 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听完每段对话或独白后，你将有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话或独白你将听一遍。 例：What is the man going to read? A. A newspaper B. Amagazine C. A book 答案是 A。 1. Who answered the phone？ A. Mike B. Henry C. Tom 2. What’s the woman’s favourite food? A. Italian. B. Chinese. C. Indian 3. When does the first flight arrive in Detroit? A. 5:18am. B.6:10am C.8:50am 4. What is the woman looking for? A. Zoo B. Telephone C. Tennis court 5. What will the weather be like at the weekend? A. Cloudy. B. Snowy. C. Sunny 第二节（共 10小题，每小题 1.5分，共 15分） 听下面 4段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第 6段材料，回答第 6至 7题。 6. Where are the two speakers? A. In the hotel B In a shop C. In a restaurant 7. Howmuch did the man pay in the end? A. $115. B. $130 C. $140 听第 7段材料，回答第 8至 9题。 8. What did the man do last weekend? A. Watched TV. B. Stayed at home. C. Visited a friend 9. What will the woman probably do this weekend? A. Play tennis. B. Do some shopping C. Go to a dance 听第 8段材料，回答第 10至 12题。 10. Where are the new houses? A. On the main road. B. Close to a bus station. C. Near the sports center. 11. What does the woman like most about the new houses? A. The garden. B. The space. C. The quietness 12. How does the man feel about the woman’s suggestion? A. Delighted. B. Disappointed. C. Uninterested. 听第 9段材料，回答第 13至 15题。 13. What can’t the students do without a teacher? A. Hold parties. B. Complete the Safety Sheet. C. Use any emergency equipment. 14. Why are the students asked to tie back their loose hour in the lab? A. It may catch fire B. It may cover their eyes. C. It may pass chemicals to their faces. 15. What is the speechmainly about? A. Laboratory regulations. B. Safety instructions. C. After-class activities. 第三节（共 5小题：每小题 1.5分，共 7.5分） 听下面的一段对话，完成第 16 至 20 五道小题，每小题近填写一个词，听对话前，你将有 20 秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有 60秒钟的作答时间，这段对话你将听两遍。 Telephone Cancellation Request Form Account Name Edward 16 Telephone No. 17 Home Phone Plan Nonrefundable(不退款) 18 pre-paid plan Reason for Cancellation 19 house Cancellation Date Required 20 9, by 5:00 pm 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分） 第一节 单项填空（共 15小题：每小题 1分，共 15分） 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 例：It’s so nice to hear from her again ______, we last met more than thirty years ago. A. What’s more B. That’s to say C. In other words D. Believe it or not 答案是 D。 21. —Look at those clouds! —Don’t worry. ______ it rains, we’ll still have a great time. A. Even if B.As though C. In case D. If only 22. By the time you have finished this book, your meal ______ cold. A. gets B. has got C. will get D.is getting 23. One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them. A. corrects B. correct C.to correct D. correcting 24. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ______ he could have expressed it differently. A. why B. how C. that D. whether 25. George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he ______. A. wouldn’t B. didn’t C. hasn’t D. hadn’t 26. When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A. that B. which C. where D. when 27. _______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks. A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use 28. Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs _____. A. some B. less C. much D. more 29. —Have you heard about that fire in the market? —Yes, fortunately no one _____. A. hurt B. was hurt C. has hurt D. had been hurt 30. Our friendship _____ quickly over the weeks that followed. A. had developed B. was developing C. would develop D. developed 31. ______ at the door before you enter my room, please. A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock 33. We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me? A. should face B. might face C. could have faced D. must have faced 34. Do you think this shirt is too tight ____ the shoulders? A. at B. on C. to D. across 35. Don’t handle the vase as if it ____ made of steel. A. is B. were C. has been D. had been 第二节 完形填空（共 20小题；每小题 1.5分，共 30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Inspiration “Mama, when I grow up, I’m going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three. It was the first time that my __36__ took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was __37__ to more, my interests in the world of dance __38__ varied but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a __39__ in the company never left me. In the summer of 2005 when I was 18, I received the phone call which made that dream a __40__; I became a member of the company __41__ back to 1925. As I look back on that day now, it surely __42__ any sense of reality. I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief __43__ I was halfway through rehearsals (排练 ) on my first day. I never actually __44__ to get the job. After being offered the position, I was completely __45__. I remember shaking with excitement. Though I was absolutely thrilled with the change, it did not come without its fair share of __46__. Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it vital to __47__ up the material fast with every last bit of concentration. It is that extreme __48__ to detail (细节) and stress on practice that set us __49__. To then follow those high-energy rehearsals __50__ a busy show schedule of up to five performances a day, I discovered a new __51__ of the words “hard work.” What I thought were my physical __52__ were pushed much further than I thought __53__. I learned to make each performance better than the last. Today, when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great __54__ of being a part of, not only as a member, but as a dance captain, I see a __55__ that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow-and inspires people every day to follow their dreams. 36. A. hobby B. plan C. dream D. word 37. A connected B. expanded C. exposed D. extended 38. A. rarely B. certainly C. probably D. consistently 39. A. director B. trainer C. leader D. dancer 40. A. symbol B. memory C. truth D. reality 41. A. bouncing B. dating C. turning D. tracking 42. A. lacks B. adds C. makes D. brings 43. A. while B. since C. until D. when 44. A. Cared B. Expected C. Asked D. Decided 45. A. motivated B. relaxed C. convinced D. astonished 46. A. challenges B. profits C. advantages D. adventures 47. A. put B. mix C. build D. pick 48. A. Attention B. association C. attraction D. adaptation 49. A. apart B. aside C. off D. back 50. A. over B. by C. with D. beyond 51. A. function B. meaning C. expression D. usage 52. A. boundaries B. problems C. barriers D. efforts 53. A. necessary B. perfect C. proper D. possible 54. A. talent B. honor C. potential D. responsibility 55. A. victory B. trend C. tradition D. desire 第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共 15小题；每小题 2分，共 30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 A The Basics of Math—Made Clear Basic Math introduces students to the basic concepts of mathematics, as well as the fundamentals of more tricky areas. These 30 fantastic lectures are designed to provide students with an understanding of arithmetic and to prepare them for Algebra(代数) and beyond. The lessons in Basic Math cover every basic aspect of arithmetic. They also look into exponents(指 数 ), the order of operations, and square roots. In addition to learning how to perform various mathematical operations, students discover why these operations work, how a particular mathematical topic relates to other branches of mathematics, and how these operations can be used practically. Basic Math starts from the relatively easier concepts and gradually moves on to the more troublesome ones, so as to allow for steady and sure understanding of the material by students. The lectures offer students the chance to “make sense” of mathematical knowledge that may have seemed so frightening. They also help students prepare for college mathematics and overcome their anxiety about this amazing—and completely understandable—field of study. By the conclusion of the course, students will have improved their understanding of basic math. They will be able to clear away the mystery(神秘性 ) of mathematics and face their studies with more confidence than they ever imagined. In addition, they will strengthen their ability to accept new and exciting mathematical challenges. Professor H. Siegel, honored by Kentucky Educational Television as “the best math teacher in America,” is a devoted teacher and has a gift for explaining mathematical concepts in ways that make them seem clear and obvious. From the basic concrete ideas to the more abstract problems, he is master in making math lectures learner-friendlier and less scary. With a PhD in Mathematics Education from Georgia State University, Dr. Siegel teaches mathematics at Central Arizona College. His courses include various make-up classes and a number of lectures for future primary school teachers. If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. Or you can get your money back. 56. What does the course Basic Math mainly cover? A. Algebra. B. College Mathematics. C. Arithmetic. D. Mathematics Education. 57. What benefits can students expect from Basic Math? A. Stronger imaginative ability. B. Additional presentation skills. C. More mathematical confidence. D. Greater chances of becoming teachers. 58. What can we learn about Professor H. Siegel? A. He is a guest lecturer at Kentucky Educational Television. B. He is to deliver 30 lectures in Basic Math. C. He works in Georgia State University. D. He specializes in training teachers. 59. Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from? A. A news report. B. A book review C. A lesson plan. D. An advertisement B Peanuts to This Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stone-faced teacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had slaved over, hoping to hide myself. “What could be causing everyone to act this way?” Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real talk I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice; flip (掷) a coin. Heads—the commander, and tails—the peanuts guy. Ah! Tails, my report would be about the great manwho invented peanut butter, GeorgeWashington Carver. Weeks later, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear, “My report is on GeorgeWashington, the man who started the American Revolution.” The whole world became quite! How could I know that she meant that GeorgeWashington? Obviously, my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No re-dos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I deserved a second chance. Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster’s office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informedme of my option to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet! 60. What did the author’s classmates think about his report? A. Controversial. B. Ridiculous. C. Boring. D. Puzzling. 61. Why was the author confused about the task? A. He was unfamiliar with American history. B. He followed the advice and flipped a coin. C. He forgot his teacher’s instruction. D. He was new at the school. 62. The underlined word “burning” in Para. 3 probably means _______. A. annoyed B. ashamed C. ready D. eager 63. In the end, the author turned things around _______. A. by redoing his task B. through his own efforts C. with the help of his grandfather D. under the guidance of his headmaster C Decision-making under Stress A new review based on a research shows that acute stress affects the way the brain considers the advantages and disadvantages, causing it to focus on pleasure and ignore the possible negative (负面的) consequences of a decision. The research suggests that stress may change the way people make choices in predictable ways. “Stress affects how people learn,” says Professor Mara Mather. “People learn better about positive than negative outcomes under stress.” For example, two recent studies looked at how people learned to connect images(影像) with either rewards or punishments. In one experiment, some of the participants were first stressed by having to give a speech and do difficult math problems in front of an audience; in the other, some were stressed by having to keep their hands in ice water. In both cases, the stressed participants remembered the rewarded material more accurately and the punished material less accurately than those who hadn’t gone through the stress. This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to resist eating cookies or smoking a cigarette while under stress –at those moments, only the pleasure associated with such activities comes to mind. But the findings further suggest that stress may bring about a double effect. Not only are rewarding experiences remembered better, but negative consequences are also easily recalled. The research also found that stress appears to affect decision-making differently in men and women. While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequences under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different. Men who had been stressed by the cold-water task tended to take more risks in the experiment while women responded in the opposite way. In stressful situations in which risk-taking can pay off big, men may tend to do better, when caution weighs more, however, women will win. This tendency to slow down and become more cautious when decisions are risky might also help explain why women are less likely to become addicted than men: they may more often avoid making the risky choices that eventually harden into addiction. 64. We can learn from the passage that people under pressure tend to ______. A. keep rewards better in their memory B. recall consequences more effortlessly C. make risky decisions more frequently D. learn a subject more effectively 65. According to the research, stress affects people most probably in their ______. A. ways of making choices B. preference for pleasure C. tolerance of punishments D. responses to suggestions 66. The research has proved that in a stressful situation, ______. A. women find it easier to fall into certain habits B. men have a greater tendency to slow down C. women focus more on outcomes D. men are more likely to take risks D Wilderness “In wilderness(荒野 ) is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved. As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation(开发) brings to such landscapes(景观) is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities. To Mr.Sauven, these ”ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation. Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival. While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no further reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others. I look forwards to seeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by the other participants. One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm. This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking. 67. John Sauven holds that_____. A. many people value nature too much B. exploitation of wildernesses is harmful C. wildernesses provide humans with necessities D. the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong 68. What is the main idea of Para. 3? A. The exploitation is necessary for the poor people. B. Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials. C. Useful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation. D. All the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally. 69. What is the author’s attitude towards this debate? A. Objective. B. Disapproving. C. Sceptical. D. Optimistic. 70. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点) C: Conclusion 第二节（共 5小题 ；每小题 2分，共 10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Empathy Last year, researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years. __71__ Today, people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs. Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. Turn on the TV, and you’re showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect. __72__ There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples. Humans are socially related by nature. __73__ Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear. Empathy is also an indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. __74__ “Academics are important. But if you don’t have emotional (情感的) intelligence, you won’t be as successful in work or in your love life,” she says. What’s the best way to up your EQ (情商）? For starters, let down your guard and really listen to others. __75__ To really develop empathy, you’d better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that has a diverse membership, have a “sharing circle” with your family, or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter. A. Everyone is different, and levels of empathy differ from person to person. B. That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the researchers said. C. “One doesn’t develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,” Freed says. D. Humans learn by example—andmost of the examples on it are anything but empathetic. E. Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone else—both what they think and how they feel. F. Good social skills—including empathy—are a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help you succeed in many areas of life. G. Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human—and having empathy is decisive to those relationships. 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分） 第一节 情景作文（20分） 假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，校报英文版正在开展“续写雷锋日记”活动。请根 据以下四幅图的先后顺序，将你所做的一件好事以日记形式记述下来，向校报投稿。 注意：1.日记的开头已为你写好。 2.词数不少于 60。 Saturday，June2 Fine This morning (请务必将情景作文写在答题卡指定区域内) 第二节 开放作文（15分） 请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于 50。 You are discussing the following picture with your English friend Jim. Now you are telling him how you understand the picture and what makes you think so. (请务必将情景作文写在答题卡指定区域内) 2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（北京卷） 后面附答案详细解析 第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话，每段对话有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 听完每段对话后， 你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 例：What is the man going to rend? A. A newspaper B. Amagazine C. A book 答案是 A 1.What room does the man want? A. Simple B. Double C. Twin 2.What will the man buy? A. Vegetable B. Meat C. Bread 3.What does the man plan to do? A. Go fishing B. Go jogging C. Go camping 4.How much is the change? A. $8 B. $ 42 C. $50 5.What’s the weather like this afternoon? 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 听下面 4 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项 中选出最佳选项。 听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给 出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。 6.When will the woman go to see the movie? A. Friday. B. Saturday C. Sunday 7.Where will the woman sit for the movie? A. In the front. B. In the middle C. At the back 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。 8.When will the two speakers meet? A. On the 13th B. On the 14th C. On the 15th 9.What is the man doing? A. Persuading the woman to accept his suggestion. B. Making an apology to the woman. C. Inviting the woman to lunch. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10.Where are the two speakers? A. In the library. B. In the café. C. In the classroom 11.What does the woman like about the summer school? A. The size of the class. B. The math book. C. The teachers. 12.Where is the man planning to do? A. Boston B. Washington D.C. C. New York 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 15 题。 13.Where does the speaker get information for the trip? A. The internet. B. Travel agents. C. Guidebooks. 14. What public transportation does the speaker seldom take? A. Planes. B. Buses. C. Trains. 15.What kind of hotels does the speaker usually stay in? A. Hotels with low prices. B. Hotels providing meals. C. Hotels near sightseeing places. 第三节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分） 听下面一段对话，完成第 16 至 20 五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词，听对话前，你将有 20 秒 钟的时间阅读试 题，听完后你将有 60 秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。 Customer Pick-up/Delivery Form Pick-up △ Delivery▲ Name 16 Smith Address Apartment No. 23, No.2 Front 17 Telephone No. 18 Type&Amount One 19_ pizza with mushrooms and extra cheese Price& Payment ￡12.50, paid in _20 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分） 第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，共 15 分） 从每题所给的 ABCD 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂 黑。 21.Volunteering gives you a chance lives, including your own. A. change B. changing C. changed D. to change 22.Don’t turn off the computer before closing all programs you could have problems A. or B. and C. but D. so 23.Shakespeare’s play Hamlet into at least ten different films over the past years. A. had been made B. was made C. has been made D. would be made 24. the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level. A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found 25.—Do you think Mom and Dad late? —No, Swiss Air is usually on time. A. were B. will be C. would be D. have been 26.I have an appointment Dr. Smith, but I need to change it. A. to B. off C. with D. from 27.Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected. A. when B. which C. whose D. where 28.Hurry up! Mark and Carl us. A. expect B. are expecting C. have expected D. will expect 29.When we saw the road with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. A. block B. to block C. blocking D. blocked 30.I took my driving license with me on holiday, I wanted to hire a car. A. in case B. even if C. ever since D. if only 31. makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. A. That B. What C. Who D. Which 32.—So what is the procedure? —All the applicants before a final decision is made by the authority. A. interview B. are interviewing C. are interviewed D. are being interviewed 33.Experts believe people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. A. why B. where C. that D. what 34.If we a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue. A. have booked B. booked C. book D. had booked 35.—You needn’t take an umbrella. It isn’t going to rain. —Well, I don’t know. It do. A. might B. need C. would D. should 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上讲该项 涂黑。 ALeap(跳跃)to Honor Leaping on a narrow balance beam(平衡木) is not easy. But Lola Walter, a 13-year-old gymnast, is an expert at it. To perfect her skills, Lola 36 for four hours a day, five days a week. At the state championships in March, she finished seventh out of 16 girls. That’s especially impressive, 37 she is legally blind, born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift constantly. She often sees double and can’t _ 38 how far away things are. When she was little, her mom 39 that even though she couldn’t see 40 , she was fearless. So her mom signed her up for gymnastics when she was three. She loved the 41 right away and gymnastics became her favorite. Though learning gymnastics has been more 42 for her than for some of her tournaments, she has never quit. She doesn’t let her _ 43 stop her from doing anything that she wants to. She likes the determination it takes to do the sport. Her biggest 44 _ is the balance beam. Because she has double vision, she often sees to beams. She must use her sense of touch to help her during her routine. Sometimes she even closes her eyes. “You have to 45_ your mind that it’ll take you where you want to go.” says Lola. To be a top-level gymnast, one must be brave. The beam is probably the most 46 for anyone because it’s four inches wide. At the state competition, Lola didn’t fall 47 the beam. In fact, she got an 8.1 out of 10—her highest score yet. Lola doesn’t want to be 48 differently from the other girls on her team. At the competitions, the judges don’t know about her vision _ 49 _. She doesn’t tell them, because she doesn’t think they need to know. Her mom is amazed by her _ 50 attitude. Lola never thinks about 51__. She is presently at level 7 while the highest is level 10 in gymnastics. Her 52 is to reach level 9. She says she wants to be a gymnastics coach to pass down what she’s learned to other kids 53 she grew up. Lola is 54 of all her hard work and success. She says it’s helped her overcome problems in her life outside gymnastics, too. Her 55 for others is “just believe yourself”. 36. A. runs B. teaches C. trains D. dances 37. A. since B. unless C. after D. though 38. A. tell B. guess C. assume D. predict 39. A. suspected B remembered C. imagined D. noticed 40. A. deeply B. well C. ahead D. closely 41. A. task B. sport C. event D. show 42. A. boring B. enjoyable C. different D. unsatisfactory 43. A. talent B. quality C. nature D. condition 44. A. doubt B. advantage C. challenge D. program 45. A. examine B. express C. open D. trust 46. A. fearful B. harmful C. unfair D. inconvenient 47. A. to B. on C. off D. against 48. A. greeted B. treated C. served D. paid 49. A. pains B. stresses C. injuries D. problems 50. A. positive B. friendly C. flexible D. caution 51. A. defending B. quitting C. winning D. bargaining 52. A. standard B. range C. view D. goal 53. A. until B. as C. when D. before 54. A. proud B. tired C. ashamed D. confident 55. A. plan B. advice C. reward D. responsibility 第三部分：阅读理解 （共两节，20 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读下列短文：从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，将正确的选项涂在答 题卡上。 A EP Portable Heater We all know that the cost of heating our homes will continue to be a significant burden on the family budget. Now millions of people are saving on their heating bills with the EP Portable Heater. With over one million satisfied customers around the world, the new EP heats better and faster, saves more on heating bills, and runs almost silent. The EP has no exposed heating parts that can cause a fire. The outside of EP only gets warm to the touch so that it will not burn children or pets. The EP will not reduce oxygen in the room. With other heaters, you’ll notice that you get sleepy when the heat comes on because they are burning up oxygen. The advanced EP also heats the room evenly, wall to wall and floor to ceiling. it comfortably covers an area up to 350 square feet. Other heaters heat rooms unevenly with most of the heat concentrated to the center of the room. And they only heat an area a few feet around the heater. With the EP, the temperature will not vary in any part of the room. The EP comes with a 3-year warranty(保修) and a 60-day. no questions asked. Satisfaction guarantee. If you are not totally satisfied, return it to our expertise and your money will be given back to you. Now, we have a special offer for 10 days, during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery. if you order that, we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requests at the discounted price. Take action right now! 56.What is mainly discussed in paragraph 2? A. the heat of the EP B. the safety of the EP C. the appearance of the EP D. the material of the EP 57.From the passage, we can learn that the EP . A. doesn’t burn up oxygen B. runs without any noise C. makes people get sleepy D. is unsuitable for children and pets 58.The underlined word “evenly” in paragraph 4 probably means . A. continuously B. separately C. quickly D. equally 59.The main purpose of the passage is to . A. persuade people to buy the product B. advise people to save on heating bills C. report the new development of portable heaters D. compare the difference of different heart brands B Tail Spin Two dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park. The smaller dolphin Grace, shown off a few of her tricks, turning around and waving hello to the crowd. The most amazing thing about her, however, is that she’s even swimming at all. She doesn’t have a tail. Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap. When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life. “Is she going to make it?” Her trainer, Abbey Stone, feared the worst. Grace did make it — but her tail didn’t. She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle. Over the past six years, she has learned to swim without her tail. Dolphins swim by moving their flukes and peduncle up and down. Grace taught herself to move another way—like a fish! She pushed herself forward through the water by moving her peduncles from side to side. The movement put harmful pressure on Grace’s backbone. So a company offered to create a man-made tail for her. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldn’t hurt her. The first time Grace wore the artificial tail. She soon shook it off and let it sink in the bottom of the pool. Now, she is still learning to use the tail. Some days she wears it for an hour at a time, others not at all. “The tail isn’t necessary for her to feel comfortable,” says Stone, “but it helps to keep that range of motion(动作) and build muscles(肌肉).” Now, the dolphin is about to get an even happier ending. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focus on her rescue and recovery. Her progress has inspired more than just a new movie. Many people travel from near and far to meet her. Seeing Grace swim with her man-made tail gives people so much courage. 60.When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her . A. physical build B. potential ability C. chance of survival D. adaptation to the surroundings. 61.A man-made tail is created for Grace to . A. let her recover faster B. make her comfortable C. adjust her way of swimming D. help her perform better tricks 62.The story of Grace inspires people to . A. stick to their dreams B. treat animals friendly C. treasure what they have D. face difficulties bravely C Does Fame Drive You Crazy? Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, today’s star, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the world’s attention. Paparazzi (狗仔队 ) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids (小报 ) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature. According to psychologist Christina Villareal, celebrities — famous people — worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time,” Villareal says, “they feel separated and alone.” The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B.C., painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain (抱怨) about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do. Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever. If fame is so troublesome, why aren’t all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place. Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already. 63.It can be learned from the passage that stars today . A. are often misunderstood by the public B. can no longer have their privacy protected C. spend too much on their public appearance D. care little about how they have come into fame 64.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. Great heroes of the past were generally admired. B. The problem faced by celebrities has a long history. C. Well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids. D. Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers. 65.What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today? A. Availability of modern media. B. Inadequate social recognition. C. Lack of favorable chances. D. Huge population of fans. 66.What is the author’s attitude toward modern celebrity? A. Sincere. B. Sceptical. C. Disapproving. D. Sympathetic. D Multitasking People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once, a new research suggests. The findings, based on performances and self-evaluation by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted (分心) and can’t focus on one activity. And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things,” said David Sanbonmatsu, a psychologist at the University of Utah. Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensation-seeking (寻求刺激 ) or imperative (冲动) they were. They then evaluated the participants’ multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters. Not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once. But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test. They also were more likely to admit to sensation-seeking and impulsive behavior, which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted. “People multitask not because it’s going to lead to greater productivity, but because they’re distractible, and they get sucked into things that are not as important.” Sanbonmatsu said. Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldn’t find out whether people who start out less focused toward multitasking or whether people’s recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking. The findings do suggest, however, why the sensation-seeker who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving. “People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.” said Paul Atchley, another researcher not in the group. “This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though they’re dangerous.” 67.The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask . A. seek high productivity constantly B. prefer handling different things when getting bored C. are more focused when doing many things at a time D. have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time 68.When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research, they . A. assessed the multitasking ability of the students B. evaluated the academic achievements of the students C. analyzed the effects of the participants’ tricky mental tasks D. measured the changes of the students’ understanding ability 69.According to Sanbonmatsu, people multitask because of their . A. limited power in calculation B. interests in doing things differently C. inability to concentrate on one task D. impulsive desire to try new things 70.From the last paragraph, we can learn that multitaskers usually . A. drive very skillfully B. go in for different tasks C. fail to react quickly to potential dangers D. refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确 的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Urbanization Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago. 71_ . In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的 ) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history— a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living. Britain was only the beginning. 72_ .The process of urbanization— the migration (迁移 ) of people from the countryside to the city— was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live. In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 73 . Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies. It took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities. _74 . Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city. Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. 75_ . Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers. A. That kept cities very small. B. The rest live in small towns. C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered. D. Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies. E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities. F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive. G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings. 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，15 分） 第一节 情景作文（20 分） 假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，用英文写一篇周 记。记述爸爸出 差期间，妈妈生病，你照顾她的过程。 注意：1. 周记的开头已经为你写好。 2. 词数不少于 60. Last Monday, 第二节 开放作文（15 分） 请根据下面提示。写一篇作文。词数不少于 50. You are discussing the following picture with your English friend Jim. Now you are telling him how you understand the picture and what makes you think so. 答 案 第一部分：听力 1-5：ACABB 6-10：BACCB 11-15：CCABA 16.Cyril /CYRIL 17. Street /ST. 18. 74829365 19. Large 20. Cash 第二部分: 第一节：单选 21-25: DACBB 25-30: CDBDA 31-35: BCCDA 第二节:完形 36-40: CAADB 41-45:BCDCD 46-50:ACBDA 51-55:BDCAB 第三部分:阅读 56-60: BADAC 61-65: CDBBA 66-70:DDACC 71-75: EDBAF 第四部分：作文 第一节：情景作文 内容要点：1.告别 2.生病 3.照顾. 4.夸奖 Last Monday, my father said goodbye to my mother and me and went on a business trip. He would b e away for three days. Just the next morning, I found my mother wasn’t feeling well. She had a cold. I immediately went to get her some medicine and then prepared some noodles for her, with my special care. My mother recovered quickly. When my father came back home, my mother told him what had happened he praised me for what I had done. I feel very happy that I have done something for my mother 第二节 开放作文 I think the picture is telling us that there is usually a difference between one’s dream and reality. People need to learn to face it. Everyone has his dream, however, it is not so easy for people to realize their drea ms every time. Just like the man in the picture, instead of the big fish he wishes for. He actually catches a small one. In my opinion, People need to learn to accept the reality and keep on trying. With another try, they m ay gain what they dream of. 2013 北京高考英语逐题解析 第一节：单项填空 21 【答案】D 【译文】做志愿者工作可以给你机会去改变生命，也包括你自己的生命。 【解析】题干中已经有谓语动词 gives，故 A选项 change动词谓语形式不能入选，只能选非谓 语形式，而用来修饰 chance 的后置定语，doing表示正在，done 表示被动，to do表示未发生，根 据句意，可以轻松选出 D选项。 22 【答案】A 【译文】在关闭所有程序前不要关闭电脑，否则你可能会有麻烦。 【解析】考查连词，根据句意逻辑可以轻松选出 or否则。 23 【答案】C 【译文】莎士比亚的剧本哈姆雷特在过年的几年中被拍成至少十部不同的影片。 【解析】over the past years是现在完成时明显标志，考生可以直接入选。虽然翻译成“在过去 的几年中”，但实际上还是指从过去截至到现在，也应该用现在完成时。 24 【答案】B 【译文】发现这个课程比较难，她决定转到更低的难度级别。 【解析】题干中已有 decided谓语动词，故 A选项 find动词谓语形式不能入选；D选线 found 是 done的形式，表被动，也不对；C选项 to find位于句首表目的，翻译成“为了”，意思不对，所 以选 B选项 ing形式，表示伴随。 25 【答案】B 【译文】- 你认为妈妈和爸爸会晚吗？ - 不会的，瑞士航空一般比较准时。 【解析】根据句意可以轻松选出 will，此题属于简单题。 26 【答案】C 【译文】我预约了 Smith大夫，但是我现在需要改变一下预约。 【解析】have an appointment with与某人预约。 27 【答案】D 【译文】许多国家现在都正在建造国家公园，动物和植物在里面可以得到保护。 【解析】考查定语从句，从句完整且修改的是地点，故选 where。 28 【答案】B 【译文】快点！Mark和 Carl在等我们呢。 【解析】本题有较强的语境，Hurry up体现出别人正在等你，所以选 B。其他选项均不恰当。 29 【答案】D 【译文】当我们看到公路被大学封着的时候，我们决定假期待在家里。 【解析】block 意思为“封阻、拦阻”，及物动词，公路是被雪封阻了，所以只能 D 选项 done 的形式是被动，其他选项均为主动。 30 【答案】A 【译文】当时度假的时候我随身带了驾照，以防我要租车。 【解析】in case以防，even if即使，eversince自从那时，if only如果…就好了，根据句意选 A。 31 【答案】B 【译文】让这本书非比寻常的是作者具有创造力的想象力。 【解析】考查名词性从句，从句 makes前缺少主语，故选 what，本题目属于简单题。 32 【答案】C 【译文】- 那么程序是什么样的？ - (程序是)所有的申请者都被采访了当局才能做出最终决定。 【解析】考查时态语态，首先是被采访，所以只能选 C和 D，根据句意判断，没有“正在被采 访”的意思，所以排除 D，选 C。记住：进行时表动作正在进行一般都很形象，上下文语境中通常 有标志性词，如 hurry up、look、listen等，再者就是用进行来表示语气情感加强，如麦当劳的广告 语“I’m loving it”，译为“我就喜欢”。 33 【答案】C 【译文】专家们认为人们可以通过只购买必要物品的方式来减少食物浪费。 【解析】考查宾语从句，从句完整意思完整，填 that，该题目属于送分题。 34 【答案】D 【译文】如果我们当初早一些订桌，我们现在就不可能在这排队了。 【解析】考查虚拟语气。首先判断是虚拟，排除所有现在时态 A 和 C，根据句意得知说的是 过去的事情，所以选 D过去完成时，本题简单，但对于完全不懂虚拟且不会翻译错综时间的同学 也有一定难度。 35 【答案】A 【译文】- 你没必要带伞。不会下雨的。 - 哦，我不知道。有可能会下吧。 【解析】考查情态动词。might有可能、可能会，语气弱；need需要；would当时会，用于虚 拟或过去将来时态；should应该或应该会，语气较强。通过语境和“I don’t know”判断出语气较弱， 故选 might。 第二节：完形填空 36 【答案】C train 【解析】通过翻译，可以判断小女孩训练很刻苦，故选 train训练。 37 【答案】A since 【解析】通过翻译，根据前后句意思可以判断出为因果逻辑，故选 since表因为。 38 【答案】A tell 【解析】通过翻译，可知小女孩经常看重影或者无法判断物体的远近，而 guess 猜、assume 假定、predict预测均无此意，tell可以表示辨别出、判断出、说出的意思，如 It’s hard to tell whois who 很难辨别出谁是谁。 39 【答案】D noticed 【解析】通过翻译，可知妈妈注意到小女孩胆量很大，无所畏惧，所以选 noticed注意到。 40 【答案】B well 【解析】通过翻译，可知小女孩视力不好，无法很好的看东西，所以选 well 41 【答案】B sport 【解析】体操本身属于运动，且下文重复出现过 do the sport。 42 【答案】C different 【解析】通过翻译，可知对于小女孩来说，学习体操肯定和其他同学不一样，因为她的眼睛问 题。而 boring无聊、enjoyable享受、unsatisfactory不满意均意思不合理。 43 【答案】D condition 【解析】通过翻译，可知此处应该填小女孩的病症，talent才华、quality素质、nature 天性都 不合适，而 condition可以有 health condition身体健康状况，所以选 condition，且上文明确提过这 个病是一个 rare condition。 44 【答案】C challenge 【解析】通过翻译，可知对于小女孩最大的难处、最大的挑战就是平衡木。 45 【答案】D trust 【解析】通过翻译，可知小女好的意思是“你要相信你的直觉或你的心灵，它可以把你带到你 想要去的地方”，且全文结尾的“just believe yourself”也是很好的复现。 46 【答案】A fearful 【解析】通过翻译，可知想要成为顶级的体操选手，必须勇敢，大多数人可能最害怕的就是平 衡木，因为平衡木只有四寸宽。根据 brave可以推出 fearful。 47 【答案】C off 【解析】通过翻译，可知小女好没有掉下来，而 fall off意为“从…掉下来”。 48 【答案】B treated 【解析】通过翻译，可知小女孩不想自己因为眼睛不好的原因而得到区别于队友的不同对待。 greet问候、served服务、paid付、花，意思均不符合。 49 【答案】D problems 【解析】通过翻译，可以裁判们不知道小女孩的视力有问题。pain 痛苦、stress 压力、injury 身体受损，视力不能痛苦、不能压力，视力软性的看不见摸不着的东西，不是身体的部分，不能选 injury，而 problem可以泛指一般的所有的问题，所以选 D。 50 【答案】A positive 【解析】通过翻译，可知全文体现的是小女孩积极的态度，所以选 positive积极的。 51 【答案】B quitting 【解析】通过翻译，可知小女孩不想退出，她现在的水平是 7，最高级别是 10，而她的目标是 9。所以选 quit。 52 【答案】D goal 【解析】通过翻译，选 goal目标，表示她想要达到的程度。 53 【答案】C when 【解析】通过翻译，可知小女孩想要在她长大的时候成为一名体操教练，把她的所学传授给其 他孩子们。before 在…之前、until直到，均意思不对，as可以表示“当”，但强调伴随，翻译成“随 着”，后面往往跟进行时态，而句子意思是“当她长大的时候”，所以选 when。 54 【答案】A proud 【解析】通过翻译，可以轻松选出 proud of骄傲自豪。 55 【答案】B advice 【解析】通过翻译，可知小女孩给大家的建议就是“相信自己就好”，所以选 advice。 第三部分：阅读理解 A 篇 56 【答案】：B 【解析】：为第二段主旨题。通过第二段第二句话可知所讨论话题为安全问题，故选 B。 57 【答案】：A 【解析】：此题为细节题。考生需要定位选项当中的关键词，再与文中原句进行比较。A选项 可通过 Oxygen一词直接定位到文中第三段首句，即为正确答案。B选项为无中生有的选项，全文 无对应。C定位 sleepy 一词，在第三段第二句话，D定位 children and pet 在第二段第二句话，均 与文章意思相悖，故选 A。 58 【答案】：D 【解析】：此题为词汇题。画线句为此段首句，后面的句子均在解释加热器的特点，由后文中 的“wall to wall”和“floor to ceiling”，以及直接介绍其他加热器的区别的信息，可知 evenly 译为均匀 的，故选 D。 59 【答案】：A 【解析】：此题为主旨题。文章最后一句给出了明确的指示。 B篇 60 【答案】：C 【解析】：此题为细节题，考生需要直接定位到文章的具体情节。第二段当中的“Is she going to make it” 应当译为“她能不能撑得住”，“她能不能活的下来”，故答案选 C 61 【答案】：C 【解析】：此题为细节题，考生需要直接定位到文章的具体细节。第四段整段是对于给 Grace 安装尾巴的介绍。此题易混淆选项为 B。不选 B的原因是，安装尾巴的初衷并非是想让 Grace舒服。 安装尾巴的原因是因为没有了尾巴的 Grace在游泳当中出现了困难，所以要安个尾巴去解决这个问 题，使它变舒服只不过是附带的一个结果，故 B不对。 62 【答案】：D 【解析】：此题为主旨题。记叙文主旨绝大多数出现在文章最后，本文也不例外。最后一句中 的 courage是本题的题眼。作者在最后告诉读者本文写作目的，即鼓励人们在逆境中要勇敢要有勇 气，故答案为 D。 C篇 63 【答案】：B 【解析】：此题为细节题。从文章首段重点“paparazzi”等词可以看出本文是一篇以明星隐私不 能得到良好保护为主题的文章。本题中 ACD三个选项都与这个大方向偏离甚远故不能选。 64 【答案】：B 【解析】：此题为主旨题。第三自然段的首句直接给出明确答案，此句译作跟踪明星的现象由 来已久，故答案选 B。 65 【答案】：A 【解析】：此题为细节题。做此题有两种可行方法。第一，由文章主旨可知，本文是关于明星 和媒体关系的文章，准确讲是媒体对于明星生活的影响。故本题答案应与媒体产生关系，否则此题 答案所在的段落便会跑题故选 A。第二，相对传统的做法。通过四段首句可知答案在这一段当中出 现，第二句的 photographer的出现是 A选项的直接对应。 66 【答案】：D 【解析】：此题为作者态度题。文章最开始和最后都有体现。最开始作者谈到狗仔队对于明星 生活的影响，最后谈到明星们的种种无奈，故答案选 D。 D篇 67 【答案】：D 【解析】：此题为细节题。本题是一道典型调查研究类文章考察实验结果的题目。D选项为一 段尾句的同义改写，故正确。 68 【答案】：A 【解析】：此题为细节题。本题考查的是实验目的。考生可瞬间排除 BCD两个选项因为他们 和实验目的，multitask的能力毫无关系。调查研究类文章一切实验均会围绕实验假设展开，与之无 关的选项可直接排除。 69 【答案】：C 【解析】：此题为细节题，考查实验结果。本题和 67题考查思路一样，答案 C选项和第一题 中的 D也有相似之处。准确出处在文章第四段，故选 C。 70 【答案】：C 【解析】：此题为细节题，考查实验结果。最后一段当中的“people who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to riskysituation” 为正确答案出处，故选 C。 七选五： 71 【答案】：E 【解析】：此题有两个暗示点。第一个是时间，上句话提到了 5500年前有的城市，之后紧接 着说 200年之后是个简单的顺成的关系。第二个是 but的轻微语义转折，but之后是的两句话都是 在讲当时人的居住情况，故 E为最佳选项。 72 【答案】：D 【解析】：此题有一个明确暗示点，为 D选项当中的 other和上句的 Onlythe beginning. Other 是 明显承上启下的功能，后面的 the process of证明了这一点，故选 D 73 【答案】：B 【解析】：此题有一个明确的暗示点。The rest 和之前的 3个数据是明显的并列关系，故答案 选 B。 74 【答案】：A 【解析】：此题 A选项中有一个明确暗示点，THAT指代之前所说，故选 A 75 【答案】：F 【解析】：此题有一个明确暗示点，modernization 是前后文当中 past two centuries 和后面 today 的明确对应，故选 F。 第四部分：书面表达 第一节：情景作文 2013年北京卷情景作文延续了之前的传统，仍然以四幅图的记叙文写作为出题点。在内容上， 并没有超出五大主题，即“校园拓展类、好人好事类、社会公益类、旅游接待类、家庭生活类”的范 围。图画内容比较简单，四幅图中并没有出现超纲或者生僻词汇。可以说，本次考题属于难度较低 的考场作文。考生在写作时，重点关注两个细节即可：1. 本文的体裁是周记，所以整篇文章的主 语是“我”，而不是“我们”；2. 周记要求在写作时，多出现心理活动描写和感情描写。主要能注意这 两点，相信考生可以在考场上写出一篇不错的考场作文。 高分范文： LastMonday, my father would be on a business trip for five days.Having gotten my promise of being great at home and taking care of my mother,he rest assured and put his luggage into the trunk of his car. Seeing my father’sdriving away, my mother and I waved our hands and said goodbye to him. For amoment, I began to miss my father, wishing that he would be safe and well thenext days。 I thoughteverything would go well, as this was not the first time that my father had beenaway for several days. Yet, unfortunately, my mother caught a cold the nextmorning. Looking at her pale face, I experienced high levels of anxiety.However, I told myself that I had to calm down and look after my mum, as Ipromised to my dad. The moment I got my mum to sleep, I put cold towel on herforehead, found pills in the medicine box, and made some noodles for her. Luckily,she waked up and felt better, after taking the pills and the noodles. That herfever was gone relieved and satisfied me a lot。 In the nextfour days, I was taking her body temperature twice a day, ensuring that she wascompletely well. To our delight, my dad went back home safely and healthily onSaturday. On hearing what I had done to my mum, he, as well as my mum, beamedat me and gave me a big thumb. Hearing their praises and seeing bright smileson their faces, I really felt overjoyed and thrilled. Conceivably, taking careof my parents was, indeed and definitely, my mission and obligation。 第二节：开放作文 2013年北京卷开放作文的难度与往年持平，图画比较简单，容易理解。通过“大鱼”和“小鱼” 的对比，能看出来图画的立意应该与“理想”和“现实”有关。从描图的角度上来说，除了“鱼竿”这个 单词在写作时稍微有点难度之外，其他的要素都是比较容易处理的。在写作时，请注意；两个个方 面： 1. 由于在英文提示部分，要求的是先“理解图画”，所以写作时请考生在首段直接提出立意。 2. 开放作文在写作时，一定要有“带图议论”的环节。所以，虽然提示部分并不像往年的题目 一样，明确出现“描图”两个字，但在首段提出立意之后，第二段还是要有描图的语言，否则会失分。 高分范文： Hi, Jim,there is an interesting picture conveying a message vividly that a differencebetween reality and dream may as well be recognized in our life. Evidently,realizing this difference and trying to shorten this gap is the key toachieving our accomplishment, otherwise nothing will be gotten in the end。 In our dailylife, some people are aware of their ability, making great efforts to improvethemselves, while others ignore the disparity between their earnest wish andpoorest actuality, doing nothing but complaining. Conceivably, the confused manin the picture is exactly the latter one. In this picture, a man is fishing ona big stone, waiting and waiting. However, the small fish he has caught istotally different from the big one he is longing for. Now, there are twooptions in front of him: face the reality and keep trying till get the dreamyfish, or drop his fishing rod and feel desperate. Apparently, he chooses thesecond one. Such a situation seems fairly common in our society. We are facedwith this kind of intriguing question all the time, and every choice we makehas great influence on our way to success. Making an accurate estimate of ourrealities and dreams, then sparing no efforts to approach the tip is the onlyoption for us to make, provided that we are in great want of achieving ourgoals。 Based on theabove statement, a conclusion will be arrived at that learning to accept thereality and adopting a positive attitude towards the dream is what we aresupposed to do, when confronting our less-satisfying situation. 2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英 语（北京卷） 本试卷共 16页，共 150分。考试时长 120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作 答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分） 第一节（共 5小题；每小题 1.5分，共 7.5分） 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你将有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 例：What is the man going to read? A．A newspaper. B．Amagazine. C．A book. 答案是 A。 1．What juice does the man order? A．Lemon. B．Apple. C．Orange. 2．What subject does the man like best? A．History. B．Biology. C．Chemistry. 3．Where is the woman from? A．Britain. B．Russia. C．America. 4．What kind of student bus pass does the woman want? A．Weekly. B．Monthly. C．Yearly. 5．What are the two speakers going to buy for Mary’s birthday? A．A bicycle. B．A pen. C．A book. 第二节（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，共 15分） 听下面 4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第 6段材料，回答第 6至 7题。 6．What is wrong with the woman? A．She has a cough. B．She has a headache. C．She has a fever. 7．How long is the medicine for? A．One day. B．Two days. C．Three days. 听第 7段材料，回答第 8至 9题。 8．What does the woman need? A．Some ink. B．A printer. C．Some paper. 9．What problem does the man have? A．He can’t send a text message. B．He can’t hear the woman clearly. C．He can’t be back to the office soon. 听第 8段材料，回答第 10至 12题。 10．What does the woman plan to do at first? A．To stay at home. B．To eat out. C．To see a film. 11．When will the two speakers meet? A．At 11:00 am. B．At 2:00 pm. C．At 4:00 pm. 12．What is the man trying to do? A．To introduce a new pizza to the woman. B．To remind the woman to relax herself. C．To invite the woman to see a movie. 听第 9段材料，回答第 13至 15题。 13．When did the family visit the Design Museum? A．On Friday. B．On Saturday. C．On Sunday. 14．How did the family go to Hyde Park? A．On foot. B．By taxi. C．By train. 15．What is the speaker mainly talking about? A．Amazing attractions in London. B．A four-day trip to London. C．A dream about London. 第三节（共 5小题；每小题 1.5分，共 7.5分） 听下面一段对话，完成第 16至 20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个．．词。听对话前，你将有 20秒 钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有 60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。 Ticket-booking Form Event & Date Modern 16 Festival, June 10th Number & Section Two tickets, 17 section Name George 18 Address Room 19 , Thomas Place, 74 WilliamAvenue Payment Visa, 2564 8549 7215 Way of Delivery By 20 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分） 第一节 单项填空（共 15小题；每小题 1分，共 15分） 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago. A．What’s more B．That’s to say C．In other words D．Believe it or not 答案是 D。 21．Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, plants can spread to new places. A．so B．or C．for D．but 22．—Hi, let’s go skating. —Sorry, I’m busy right now. I in an application form for a new job. A．fill B．have filled C．am filling D．will fill 23．Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves half an hour. A．by B．in C．for D．until 24． carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab. A．Observe B．To observe C．Observed D．Observing 25．Last night, there were millions of people the opening ceremony live on TV. A．watch B．to watch C．watched D．watching 26． I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, my classmates recommended to me. A．who B．which C．when D．where 27． I have a word with you? It won’t take long. A．Can B．Must C．Shall D．Should 28．There are still many problems before we are ready for a long stay on theMoon. A．solving B．solved C．being solved D．to be solved 29． the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. A．As B．When C．Even though D．In case 30．The best moment for the football star was he scored the winning goal. A．where B．when C．how D．why 31．—What time is it? —I have no idea. But just a minute, I it for you. A．check B．checked C．will check D．would check 32．I found the lecture hard to follow because it when I arrived. A．started B．was starting C．would start D．had started 33．Some people believe has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A．whatever B．whenever C．wherever D．however 34．We back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map. A．are B．were C．will be D．would be 35．The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without . A．recognizing B．being recognized C．having recognized D．having been recognized 第二节 完形填空（共 20小题；每小题 1.5分，共 30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The Fitting-in of Suzy Khan The first time I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was really small for her age of 12. The boys in my class often 36 about her and laughed their heads off. She would open a book, pretending to read, with tears dropping on the open page. All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤儿) from Africa. She had just been adopted by a family in town who 37 that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with American kids. I looked down at this 38 girl and promised myself that somehow I would help her. But how could I help her 39 in with us? There had to be a 40 . One day, when I went into the classroom, I saw that Suzy had 41 her geography book to a picture of a train, and in her notebook, she had made a(n) 42 copy. I was surprised and thought that she could do something in the coming 43 show. So, I took her to see the art teacher, Miss Parker, and showed her what Suzy had 44 . “Why, it’s wonderful,” said Miss Parker, who then showed us a poster she had painted 45 the talent show. “I need more of these, but I just don’t have enough 46 . Could you help me, Suzy?” On the day of the talent show, Suzy’s 47 were everywhere—all over the hall and all over the school, each one different. “And finally,” said Mr. Brown, the schoolmaster, at the end of the show, “we have a(n) 48 award. I’m sure you’ve all noticed the wonderful posters.” Everyone nodded. “One of our own students 49 them.” I could hear everyone whispering. “Who in our school could draw 50 well?” Mr. Brown waited a while before saying, “ 51 this student worked so hard on the posters, she deserves a 52 , too. Our mystery (神秘) artist is our new student—Suzy Khan!” Mr. Brown thanked her for all the wonderful posters and gave her a professional artist’s set. “Thank you,” she cried. I 53 , at that time when I was looking at her excited face, she’d probably never 54 anything in her whole life. Everyone started to 55 their hands. Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause was deafening. I knew then Suzy was going to be all right. 36．A．joked B．cared C．forgot D．worried 37．A．reported B．decided C．complained D．questioned 38．A．rich B．proud C．tiny D．popular 39．A．come B．fall C．fit D．tie 40．A．manner B．pattern C．choice D．way 41．A．read B．taken C．opened D．put 42．A．free B．perfect C．final D．extra 43．A．art B．talk C．quiz D．talent 44．A．colored B．written C．carved D．drawn 45．A．at B．after C．for D．around 46．A．room B．time C．paper D．interest 47．A．gifts B．books C．photos D．posters 48．A．special B．academic C．national D．royal 49．A．painted B．found C．printed D．collected 50．A．very B．that C．quite D．too 51．A．If B．Though C．Unless D．Since 52．A．prize B．rank C．rest D．place 53．A．replied B．realized C．remembered D．regretted 54．A．offered B．valued C．owned D．controlled 55．A．clap B．wave C．raise D．shake 第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共 15小题；每小题 2分，共 30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 A Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium (水族馆) The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD, is one of Victoria’s leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family. Having 12 amazing zones of discovery, Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city. ◆ Opening Times Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm every day of the year, including public holidays. Last admission is at 5:00 pm, one hour before closing. ◆ Location (位置) Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street, Melbourne. It is situated on the Yarra River, opposite Crown Entertainment Complex. ◆ Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium Train Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a short walk from either Flinders or Southern Cross train stations. Tram (有轨电车) The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium tram stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route (公交线 路) and also routes 70 and 75. City Circle trams run every 10 minutes in both directions. Shuttle Bus The Melbourne City Tourist Shuttle is a free bus service, stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City. Running daily, every 15 minutes from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm. ◆ Car Parking While there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away. ◆Wheelchair Access Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets. ◆ Terms Tickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and print your ticket once payment has been accepted. Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium. No ticket, no entry! 56．Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium _____. A．is located at the center of the CBD in the city B．has 12 most attractive places in Melbourne C．admits visitors from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm D．is beside Crown Entertainment Complex 57．Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, visitors can take _____. A．trains from Southern Cross train station B．shuttle buses around the train station C．boats across the Yarra River D．either tram route 70 or 75 58．Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors _____. A．free car parking B．wheelchair access C．Internet connection D．transportation service 59．Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium _____. A．are free to all visitors B．can be purchased by email C．are checked at the entrance D．can be printed at the ticket office B The Brown Bear My wife Laura and I were on the beach, with three of our children, taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we spotted a bear. The bear was thin and small, moving aimlessly. Just a few minutes later, I heard my daughter shouting, “Dad! The bear is right behind us!” An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent and its ears pinned back—the sign (迹象) of an animal that is going in for the kill. And it was a cold April day. The bear behaved abnormally, probably because of hunger. I held my camera tripod (三脚架) in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and the tripod stuck across its mouth. It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight. I knew I would not be able to hold it for long. Even so, this was a fight I had to win: I was all that stood between the bear and my family, who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear. The bear hit at the camera, cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my face; the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break. Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five or six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. I was actually wrestling (扭打) with the bear at this point. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back towards the forest, before returning for another attack—the first time I felt panic. Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence as it went. My arm was injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. I’m proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome. 60．The brown bear approached the family in order to _____. A．catch shore birds B．start an attack C．protect the children D．set up a barrier for itself 61．The bear finally went away after it _____. A．felt safe B．got injured C．found some food D．took away the camera 62．The writer and his family survived mainly due to their _____. A．pride B．patience C．calmness D．cautiousness C Choosing the Right Resolution (决定) Millions of Americans began 2014 with the same resolution they started 2013 with, a goal of losing weight. However, setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake. To reach our goal of losing weight—the output, we need to control what we eat—the input (输入). That is, we tend to care about the output but not to control the input. This is a bad way to construct goals. The alternative is to focus your resolution on the input. Instead of resolving to lose weight, try an actionable resolution: “I’ll stop having dessert for lunch,” or “I’ll walk every day for 20 minutes.” Creating a goal that focuses on a well-specified input will likely be more effective than concentrating on the outcome. Recently a new science behind incentives (激励 ), including in education, has been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school. In some cases, he gave students incentives based on input, like reading certain books, while in others, the incentives were based on output, like results on exams. His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect when based on output. Fryer’s conclusion was that the incentives for inputs might be more effective because students do not know how to do better on an exam, aside from general rules like “study harder.” Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over which they have much more control. As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have a much higher chance of success. And it’s easier to start again if you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do. If you want to cut down on your spending, a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a café, for example. This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can measure your success easily. Spending less money isn’t a goal because it’s too general. Similarly, if you want to spend more time with your family, don’t stop with this general wish. Think about an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to, like a family movie night every Wednesday. In the long run, these new goals could become a habit. 63．The writer thinks that setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake because _____. A．it is hard to achieve for most Americans B．it is focused too much on the result C．it is dependent on too many things D．it is based on actionable decisions 64．In Roland Fryer’s research, some students did better than the others because _____. A．they obeyed all the general rules B．they paid more attention to exams C．they were motivated by their classmates D．they were rewarded for reading some books 65．According to the writer, which of the following statements is a good goal? A．“I’ll give up dessert.” B．“I’ll study harder.” C．“I’ll cut down my expenses.” D．“I’ll spend more time with my family.” 66．The writer strongly believes that we should _____. A．develop good habits and focus on the outcome B．be optimistic about final goals and stick to them C．pick specific actions that can be turned into good habits D．set ambitious goals that can balance the input and output D Store Scent (香味) What is the first thing you notice when you walk into a shop? The products displayed (展示) at the entrance? Or the soft background music? But have you ever noticed the smell? Unless it is bad, the answer is likely to be no. But while a shop’s scent may not be outstanding compared with sights and sounds, it is certainly there. And it is proving to be an increasingly powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase. A brand store has become famous for its distinctive scent which floats through the fairly dark hall and out to the entrance, via scent machines. A smell may be attractive but it may not just be used for freshening air. One sports goods company once reported that when it first introduced scent into its stores, customers’ intention to purchase increased by 80 percent. When it comes to the best shopping streets in Paris, scent is just as important to a brand’s success as the quality of its window displays and goods on sale. That is mainly because shopping is a very different experience to what it used to be. Some years ago, the focus for brand name shopping was on a few people with sales assistants’ disproving attitude and don’t-touch-what-you-can’t-afford displays. Now the rise of electronic commerce (e-commerce) has opened up famous brands to a wider audience. But while e-shops can use sights and sounds, only bricks-and-mortar stores (实体店 ) can offer a full experience from the minute customers step through the door to the moment they leave. Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop, but rather a destination. And scent is just one way to achieve this. Now, a famous store uses complex man-made smell to make sure that the soft scent of baby powder floats through the kid department, and coconut (椰子) scent in the swimsuit section. A department store has even opened a new lab, inviting customers on a journey into the store’s windows to smell books, pots and drawers, in search of their perfect scent. 67．According to the passage, what is an increasingly powerful tool in the success of some brand stores? A．Friendly assistants. B．Unique scents. C．Soft background music. D．Attractive window display. 68．E-shops are mentioned in the passage to _____. A．show the advantages of bricks-and-mortar stores B．urge shop assistants to change their attitude C．push stores to use sights and sounds D．introduce the rise of e-commerce 69．The underlined word “destination” in Paragraph 5 means _____. A．a platform that exhibits goods B．a spot where travelers like to stay C．a place where customers love to go D．a target that a store expects to meet 70．The main purpose of the passage is to _____. A．compare and evaluate B．examine and assess C．argue and discuss D．inform and explain 第二节（共 5小题；每小题 2分，共 10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Evaluating Sources (来源) of Health Information Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate fact from opinion, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 71 Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 72 Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 73 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it. Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 74 Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery (江湖骗术). 75 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us. Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life. A．Make choices that are right for you. B．The goal of an ad is to sell you something. C．Be sure to work through the critical questions. D．And examine the findings of the original research. E．Distinguish between research reports and public health advice. F．Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author’s point of view. G．The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources. 第四部分：书面表达 (共两节，35分) 第一节（15分） 你给英国朋友 Chris写一封信，内容包括： 1．你们原计划 7月份一同去云南旅游； 2．由于脚部受伤，你无法按原计划前往； 3．表达你的歉意并建议将旅行推迟到 8月份。 注意：1．词数不少于 50。 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Chris, Yours, Joe （请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内） 第二节（20分） 假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，为校刊“英语园地” 写一篇短文，记述你和同学们向学校提建议，解决自行车存放问题的过程。 注意：1．词数不少于 60。 2．短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。 There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school. （请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内） 1 2 3 4 2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语(北京卷)答案 第一部分：听力理解第一节 1-5： CABBC第二节 6-10: CACBA 11-15: ACABB第三节 16. Dance 17. middle 18. Hinde 19. 104 20. post第二部分 第一节 单项填空 21-25：ACBAD 26-30: BADCB 31-35: CDADB第二节完形填空 36-40: ABCCD 41-45: CBDDC 46-50: BDAAB 51-55:DABCA第三节 56-60： ADBCB 61-65： ACBDZ 66-70: CBACD第二节 71-75: GDFBA第四部分第一节 One possible version Dear Chris, How is everything going? I remember we planned to visit Yunnan in July but now bucause my left foot was injured, I cannot go wit h you as planned. I’m sorry about it. Can I suggest that we put it off until early august? I wish you could understand. I’m lo oking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours, Joe 第二节 内容要点 1. 点明问题; 2. 讨论问题; 3. 提 交建议; 4.看到变化。 One possible version There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school, I noticed the entrance was small a nd almost blocked. So my classmates and I had a discussion and wrote a report. Then we went to meet the schoolmaster in his office and gave the report to him. He accepted our suggfestions. Soon afterwards, a s econd entrance was opened to the parking place. Now it is easy to park our bikes there. 2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷） 英 语 本试卷共 16页， 共 150分。考试时间为 120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答 无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，共 7. 5 分） 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听 完每段对话后，你将有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话你将听一遍。 What kind of music does the woman like？ A. Classical music B. Rock music C. Country music 2. Which sweater will the man take? A. The red one B. The blue one C. The yellow one 3. How will the man pay？ A. In cash B. By credit card C. By traveler’s cheque 4. Where are the woman’s keys? A. In her pocket B. On the floor C. On the table 5. What will the man probably do tonight? A. Read Chapter 4 B. Study in the library C. Watch the football match 第二节（共 10小题；每小题 1. 5分，共 15分） 听下面 4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出 5秒钟 的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第 6段材料，回答第 6至 7题。 6. What is the relationship between the two speakers？ A. Travel agent and customer B. Husband and wife C. Boss and secretary 7. When will the meetings end？ A. At3:00pm. B. At 5:00pm. C. At 6:30pm. 听第 7段材料，回答第 8至 9题。 8. Where is the foreign language section？ A. In Row 3. B. In Row 5. C. In Row 7 9. What does the man decide to borrow? A. Novels. B. Biographies. C. Magazines 听第 8段材料，回答第 10至 12题。 10. Why does the man make the call? A. To ask for information B. To make an appointment C. To send out an invitation 11. What sport is the man interested in? A. Football B. Basketball C. Swimming 12. On what days is the sports center closed? A. Mondays B. Fridays C. Sundays 听第 9段材料，回答第 13至 15题。 13. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. Rules of the school B. Course requirements C. Notices of the new term. 14. Which club will meet on Wednesdays? A. Baseball B. Dance C. Chess 15. When will the parents’ evening for Year 8 be held? A. In September B. In October C. In November 第三节（共 5小题；每小题 1. 5分，共 7. 5分） 听下面一段对话，完成第 16至第 20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个．．词。听对话前，你将有 20秒钟 的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有 60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。 Cell Phone Repair Form Customer’s Name Thomas ___16___ Telephone No. ___17___ Time of Purchase ___18___ 1st,2015 Problem Screen went___19___ Solution（解决方案） ___20 ___it up and check the inside 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分） 第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，共 15 分） 从每题所给的 ABCD 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 21. _____the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. A. Catching B. Caught C. To catch D. Catch 22. —Did you enjoy the party? —Yes. We _____well by our hosts. A. were treated B. would be treated C. treated D. had treated 23. The park was full of people ____ themselves in the sunshine. A. having enjoyed B. enjoyed C. enjoying D. to enjoy 24. Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, _____you can hear some lovely music. A. which B. that C. when D. where 25. He is a shy man, _____he is not afraid of anything or anyone. A. so B. but C. or D. as 26. In the last few years, China _____ great achievements in environmental protection. A. has made B. had made C. was making D. is making 27. —Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house? —Not really. She _____ us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. A. was to give B. had given C. was giving D. would give 28. You won’t find paper cutting difficult _____you keep practicing it. A. even though B. as long as C. as if D. ever since 29. — Can’t you stay a little longer? — It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone. A. may B. can C. must D. dare 30. — Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment. —All right. I____ him later. A. will call B. have called C. call D will be calling 31. If ___for the job, you’ll be informed soon. A. to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted 32. _____the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. A. Until B. Unless C. Once D. Although 33. I truly believe ______beauty comes from within. A. that B. where C. what D. why 34. If I _____it with my own eyes, I wouldn’t have believed it. A. didn’t see B. weren’t seeing C. Wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen 35. _____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. A. Where B. How C. Why D. When 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，共 30 分） 阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上讲该项 涂黑。 AWelcome Gift Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 36 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 37 filled the room and made them feel very happy. The next morning, 38 , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 39 under their door during the night. One of their neighbor had written to complain (抱怨 ) about the sound of the piano. Dario’s mother asked the building superintendent (管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 40 people and he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 41 and apologize for their playing. “Maybe we could go and 42 everyone in person.” his mother said. “What if we invited them to come here for a 43 instead?” Dario asked. They both loved the 44 . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 45 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers (彩带) and party lights. Finally, the day of the party 46 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to 47 . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, 48 Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin. “I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I 49 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don’t think I disliked the playing. ” Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we 50 you an apology.” she said. “I didn’t 51 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night. “You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such 52 music.” “These songs are beautiful music.” Dario’s mother said. “We will be 53 to play them in the evening.” “And we won’t play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward to 54 the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother’s face. It gave him a feeling of 55 and made him feel that they were home at last. 36. A. sat B. stood C. lay D. walked 37. A. voice B. ring C. music D. cry 38. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. instead 39. A. note B. poster C. bill D. report 40. A. proud B. rich C. lucky D. nice 41. A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D. audience 42. A. blame B. instruct C. question D. visit 43. A. party B. concert C. show D. play 44. A. experience B. idea C. performance D. action 45. A. to B. with C. for D. from 46. A. continued B. arrived C. passed D. finished 47. A. order B. sell C. share D. advertise 48. A. treated B. presented C. helped D. served 49. A. promised B. admitted C. agreed D. worried 50. A. give B. send C. offer D. owe 51. A. realize B. remember C. understand D. accept 52. A. sweet B. strange C. funny D. loud 53. A. brave B. sorry C. happy D. afraid 54. A. changing B. practicing C. recording D. writing 55. A. equality B. freedom C. warmth D. sympathy 第三部分：阅读理解 （共两节，20 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读下列短文：从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，将正确的选项涂在答题 卡上。 A The Boy Made It! One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didn’t have food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute. Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic. He thought about all the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use. He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was to find shelter form the freezing wind and snow. If he didn’t, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him. Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could. By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn’t lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could — he huddled (蜷缩) in his cave and slept. The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldn’t find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out again to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved. Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls’ survival show Man vs. Wild. That’s where he learned the tips that saved his life. In each episode (一期节目) of Man vs. Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out. When Grylls heard about Nicholas’ amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive. 56. What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon? A. He got lost. B. He broke his skis. C. He hurt his eyes. D. He caught a cold. 57. How did Nicholas keep himself warm? A. He found a shelter. B. He lighted some branches. C. He kept on skiing. D. He built a snow cave. 58. On Tuesday, Nicholas . A. returned to his shelter safely. B. was saved by a searcher. C. got stuck in the snow D. stayed where he was 59. Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he . A. did the right things in the dangerous situation. B. watched Grylls’ TV program regularly C. created some tips for survival D. was very hard-working B Revolutionary TV Ears TV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume (音量) and now it’s better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume, while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level that’s comfortable for them. You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute (静音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment — maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame. TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction car tip, not used in any other commercially available headset. This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. That’s why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists ( 听 觉 学 家 ) nationwide as well as world-famous doctors. Risk Free Trial! TV Ears comes with a 30-day risk free trial. Special Offer — Now ＄59. 95. If you’re not satisfied, return it. Money-back guarantee! Call now ! 800-123-7832 60. TV Ears helps you ______. A. improve your sleeping quality B. listen to TV without disturbing others C. change TV channels without difficulty D. become interested in ballgame programs 61. What makes TV Ears different from other headsets? Customer Recommended TV Ears! “Now my husband can have the volume as loud as he needs and I can have the TV at my hearing level. TV Ears is so comfortable that Jack forgets he has them on! He can once again hear and understand the dialogue. ” — Darlene & Jack B, CA Doctor Recommended TV Ears! “My wife and I have used TV Ears almost daily for the past two years and find them a great help in our enjoyment of television. As a retired ear doctor, I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss. ” — Robert Forbes, M. D, CA A. It can easily set TV on mute B. Its headset volume is adjustable C. It has a new noise reduction ear tip D. It applies special wireless technology 62. This advertisement is made more believable by ______. A. using recommendations B. offering reasons for this invention C. providing statistics D. showing the results of experiments C Life in the Clear Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window. These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet—as far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch. Sonke Johnsen, a scientist in biology, says, “These animals live through their life alone. They never touch anything unless they’re eating it, or unless something is eating them. ” And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal become see-through? It’s trickier than you might think. The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and scatter (散射 ) light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it, so you can see it easily. But a transparent object doesn’t absorb or scatter light, at least not very much, Light can pass through it without bending or stopping. That means a transparent object doesn’t look very different from the surrounding air or water. You don’t see it ---you see the things behind it. To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light. Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments (色素) that absorb specific colors of light. But a transparent animal doesn’t have pigments, so its tissues won’t absorb light. According to Johnsen, avoiding absorption is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light from scattering. Animals are built of many different materials---skin, fat, and more---and light moves through each at a different speed. Every time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering. Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat. Without much tissue to scatter light, it is easier to be see-through. Others build a large, clear mass of non-living jelly-lie (果冻状的) material and spread themselves over it. Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does. They need to look uniform. But how they’re doing it is still unknown. One thing is clear for these larger animals, staying transparent is an active process. When they die, they turn a non-transparent milky white. 63. According to Paragraph 1, transparent animals_______. A. stay in groups B. can be easily damaged C. appear only in deep ocean D. are beautiful creatures 64. The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means__________. A. silently B. gradually C. regularly D. completely 65. One way for an animal to become transparent is to ________. A. change the direction of light travel B. gather materials to scatter light. C. avoid the absorption of light D. grow bigger to stop light. 66. The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals________. A. move more slowly in deep water B. stay see-through even after death C. produce more tissues for their survival D. take effective action to reduce light spreading D Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better. However, social changes are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes. An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college. Surveys ( 调 查 ) on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories. The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago. This is usually interpreted as a sign that today’s parents are trying to manage their children’s lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate. However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children. In the context (背景) of this discussion, it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents’ involvement with their grown children. If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college-age children frequently, would this have been possible? Probably not. On the other hand, does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn’t present a generation ago? Many studies show that older parents—today’s grandparents—would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier. Furthermore, studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children. The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home. This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past. Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. This has many implications well beyond the role that parents seem to play in the lives of their children who have left for college. But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings. 67. The surveys inform us of______. A. the development of technology B. the changes of adult children’s behavior C. the parents’ over-protection of their college children D. the means and expenses of students’ communication 68. The writer believes that__________. A. parents today are more protective than those in the past B. the disadvantages of new technology outweigh its advantages C. technology explains greater involvement with their children D. parents’ changed attitudes lead to college children’s delayed independence 69. What is the best title for the passage? A. Technology or Attitude B. Dependence or Independence C. Family Influences or Social Changes D. College Management or Communication Advancement 70. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage? 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。 This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. __ 71_ _They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. __ 72 __ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions? So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool? First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. __ 73 __ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings. It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep. _ _74__ Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. __75 __ Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds. A. Having interesting things to think about also helps. B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves. C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relativity, Coke or Post-it notes. D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses. E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive. F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand. G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone. 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分） 第一节（15分） 假如你是红星中学高三李华，请给你的美国朋友 Jim写一封信，告诉他你打算参加龙舟训练营， 希望他一起参加，邮件的内容包括： 1. 介绍训练营的相关内容（例如；时间，地点，参加者等）； 2. 说明你打算参加的原因； 3. 询问对方的意向。 注意： 1. 词数不少于 50； 2. 开头和结尾已给出， 不计入总词数。 提示词：龙舟训练营 Dragon Boat Training Camp Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua 第二节 （ 20 分） 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍在“传统文化进校园” 活动中，向面人艺术家学习捏面人的过程，并以“A Day with a Craftsman”为题，给校刊“英语角”写 一篇英文稿件。 注意： 词数不少于 60。 提示词： 一个面团 a piece of dough 面人 dough figurine （请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内） 2015 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语(北京卷) 答案 第一部分：听力理解 第一节 1-5： BAABC 第二节 6-10: CACBA 11-15: BACCB 第三节 16. Tarshis/ TARSHIS 17. 627935 18. May 19. black 20. Open/ open 第二部分 第一节 单项填空 21-25：CACDB 26-30: ABBCA 31-35: DCADB 第二节 完形填空 36-40: ACBAD 41-45: ADABC 46-50: BCBDD 51-55:ADCBC 第三节 56-60： ADBAB 61-65： CABDC 66-70: DCCAB 第二节 71-75: BCAEG 第四部分 第一节 One possible version Dear Jim, I’m writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday. I want to join a Dragon Boat Training Camp. I wonder if you’d like to go with me. This camp will open on July 20th. It offers teenagers like you and me a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture. If you are interested in it, let me know and I’ll send you more information. Hope to meet you at the training camp this summer. Yours, Li Hua 第二节 内容要点：1. 欢迎； 2. 示范；3. 实践；4. 拍照。 One possible version Last Tuesday, our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines. When the craftsman came into the classroom, we gave him a warm welcome and two boys helped him with the tool box. First, he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines. We stood around him and watched attentively. Then we started to have a try ourselves. The old man walked around and helped us patiently. Finally, we put the figurines we made on the table and took pictures with the old craftsman. Looking at the figurines, we were all very excited. We hope we can have more activities of this kind. 2016年普通高等学校全国统一考试（北京卷） 英语 第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分） 1. What does the man want to borrow? A.A pencil. B.An eraser. C.A pen. 2. What is the woman doing now? A.Eating. B.Going home. C.Having group study. 3. What does the man have for earthquake preparation? A.A candle. B.A radio. C.A flashlight. 4. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A.In a bank. B. In a hotel. C.In a store. 5. Where will the man go for his holiday? A.Brazil. B.Denmark. C.Greece. 第二节（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，共 15分） 听第 6段材料，回答第 6至 7题。 6. When does the supermarket close on Sundays? A.At 5:00 pm. B.At 7:00 pm. C. At 8:00 pm. 7. What have the two speakers decided to do now? A.Go shopping. B.Take a walk. C.Have dinner 听第 7段材料，回答第 8至 9题。 8. Why does the man make the call? A.To make a booking. B.To make a suggestion. C.To make an appointment. 9. When will the man return from London? A.On March 10. B. On March 12. C. On March 22. 听第 8段材料，回答第 10至 12题。 10. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers ? A.Headmaster and teacher. B.Manager and customer. C.Boss and clerk. 11. On which of following days will woman work? A.Wednesday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday. 12. How often will the woman have on-the-job training? A. Once a week. B. Once a month. C. Once a year. 听第 9段材料，回答第 13至 15题。 13. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A.Course materials. B. After-school activities. C. Changes in the timetable. 14. What will the first class be today? A.English. B.History. C.Art. 15. Which group will meet on Friday? A.The debating group. B.The handball group. C.The music group. 第三节（共 5小题；每小题 1.5分，共 7.5分） Customer Service Form Room No. 16 Name George 17 Phone No. 61-293-312097 Event Booking a(n) 18 Leaving:1:20 pm from the hotel to the MQ 19 Returning:8:00 pm waiting 20 the MQ and then back to hotel 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分） 第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，共 15 分） 21. Jack in the lab when the power cut occurred. A.works B.has worked C.was working D.would work 22. I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise. A.whose B.why C.where D.which 23. —Excuse me,which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars.We here for more than two hours. A.waited B.wait C.would be waiting D.have been waiting 24. Your support is important to our work. You can do helps. A.However B.Whoever C.Whatever D.Wherever 25. I half of the English novel,and I，ll try to finish it at the weekend. A.read B.have read C.am reading D.will read 26. it easier to get in touch with us, you，d better keep this card at hand. A. Made B. Make C. Making D. To make 27. My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, he，s in his nineties. A.as long as B.as if C. even though D.in case 28. ______ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now. A. Ordering B. To order C. Having ordered D. Ordered 29. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _____ one can be entirely free from dust. A. what B. that C. whether D. why 30. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts______ success in the end. A. rewarded B. were rewarded C. will reward D. will be rewarded 31. I love the weekend, because I_____ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. wouldn’t D. shouldn’t 32. Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, _______ the old town into a dreamland. A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. turned 33. I really enjoy listening to music ___ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day. A. because B.before C. unless D. until 34. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ___ me, I could have helped. A. told B. had told C. were to tell D. would tell 35. I am not afraid of tomorrow, ______ I have seen yesterday and I love today. A. so B. and C. for D. but 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上讲该项 涂黑。 ARace Against Death It was a cold January in 1925 in North Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. On the 20th of that month, Dr.Welch 36 a Sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的)disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 37 if it struck the town. Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage. How could the medicine get to Nome? The town`s 39 was already full of ice, so it couldn`t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn`t travel on the 40 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn`t exist yet. 41 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twemty more were 42 . Nome`s town officials came up with a(n) 43 . They would have the medicine sent by 44 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogeled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—known as “mushers”—would 45 it to Nome in a relay(接力). The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 46 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon`s face was black from the extreme cold. On January 31， a musher named Seppala had to 47 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound .It was the most 48 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice,which could sometimes break up without warning.If that happened,Seppala might fall into the icy water below.He would 49 ,and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across. A huge snowstorm hit on February 1.Amusher named Kaasen had to brave this storm.At one point,huge piles of snow blocked his 50 .He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹)to get around them.Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 51 the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen’s lead dog, Balto put his nose to the ground, 5 2 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed,it would mean disaster for Nome.The minutes passed by.Suddenly, Balto began to 53 .He had found the trail At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 54 in Nome. Within minutes, Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave it to the sick children.All of them recoverd. Nome had been 55 . 36.A.examined B.warned C.interviewed D.cured 37.A.harmless B.helpless C. fearless D.careless 38.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However 39.A.airport B.station C. harbor D.border 40.A.narrow B. snowy C.busy D.dirty 41.A.From B.On C.By D.After 42.A.tired B.upset C. pale D.sick 43.A.plan B.excuse C.message D.topic 44.A.air B.rail C. sea D.road 45.A.carry B.return C. mail D.give 46.A.Though B.Since C. When D.If 47.A.enter B.move C. visit D.cross 48.A.shameful B.boring C.dangerous D.foolish 49.A.escape B.bleed C. swim D.die 50.A.memory B.exit C.way D.destination 51.A.find B.fix C. pass D.change 52.A.pretending B.trying C. asking D.learning 53.A.run B.leave C. bite D.play 54.A.gathered B.stayed C. camped D.arrived 55.A.controlled B.saved C.founded D.developed 第三部分：阅读理解 （共两节，20 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） A December 15, 2014 Dear Alfred， I want to tell you how important your help is to my life. Growing up, I had people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150+ at 17, I’m anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time. However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed. In high school, I became curious about the computer, and built my first website. Moreover, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five relevant pre-college courses. While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldn’t . So, I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center. Since then, I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, I’m learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self-written notes from your video. This has given me a purpose. Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the job—Data Analyst—this month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, my competitors. Thank you. You’ve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because I’m doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole. This is why you’re saving my life. Yours, Tanis 56. Why didn’t Tanis go to college after high school? A.She had learned enough about computer science B. She had more difficulty keeping focused C.She preferred taking online courses D.She was too slow to learn 57. As for the working environment,Tains prefers____. A .working by herself B.dealing with the public C.competing against others D.staying with ADHD students 58. Tanis wrote this letter in order to_____. A.explain why she was interested in the computer B.share the ideas she had for her profession C .show how grateful she was to the center D.describe the courses she had taken so far B Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪) Natalie Doan,14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house. “It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special,” she says. On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridge closed. When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn. 学科&网 In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings. “My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,” Natalie says. “but I can always choose how I deal with it.” Natalie’s choice was to help. She created a website page, matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to halp. Natalie posted information about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collecting when his house burned down. Within days, Patrick’s collection was replaced. In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-needed supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change. Today, the scars(创痕)of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,” Natalie declares. “My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.” 59. When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane, she found______. A.some friends had lost their lives B.her neighborhood was destroyed C.her school had moved to Brooklyn D.the elderly were free from suffering 60. According to paragraph 4,who inspired Natalie most? A.The people helping Rockaway rebuild B.The people trapped in high-rise building C.The volunteers donating money to survivors D.Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people 61. How did Natalie help the survivors? A.She gave her toys to the kids B.She took care of younger children C.She called on the White House to help D.She built an information sharing platform 62. What does the story intend to tell us? A.Little people can make a big difference B.A friend in need is a friend indeed C.East or West,home is best D.Technology is power C California Condor’s Shocking Recovery California condors are North America’s largest birds, with wind-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning(铅中毒) nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds. In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild to be bred（繁殖）. Since 1992, there have been multiple reintroductions to the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico. Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once. So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-free birds died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%. Lead poisoning has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney(肾) failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011. Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them. ” 63. California condors attract researchers’ interest because they ________. A.are active at night B.had to be bred in the wild C.are found on in California D.almost died out in the 1980s 64. Researchers have found electrical lines are ________. A.blocking condors’ journey home B. big killers of California condors C. rest places for condors at night D. used to keep condors away 65. According to Paraghaph 5 ,lead poisoning ________. A.makes condors too nervous to fly B. has little effect on condors’ kidneys C. can hardly be gotten rid of from condors’ blood D. makes it difficult for condors to produce baby birds 66. The passage shows that ________. A.the average survival time of condors is satisfactory B.Rideout’s research interest lies in electric engineering C.the efforts to protect condors have brought good results D.researchers have found the final answers to the problem D Why College Is Not Home The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性 ) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities. For previous generations, college was a decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from within. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cellphones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home. To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation. This process involves “trying on ” new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually(在思维方面 ) and personally. While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered by strict debate and questioning. Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community(群体 ) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community. Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined(规定 ) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged. It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescent’s desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth. Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery. 67. What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students? A.Sympathetic B.Disapproving C.Supportive D.Neutral 68. The underlined word “passage” in Paraghaph 2 means . A.change B.choice C.text D.extension 69. According to the anthor ,what role should college play? A.to develop a shared identity among students B.to define and regulate students’ social behavior C.To provide a safe world without tension for students D.To foster students’ intellectual and personal development 70. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage? I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point（次要点） C：Conclusion 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分） The Science of Risk-Seeking Sometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 71 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work. The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 72 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk. So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 73 No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 74 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. Mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. 75 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active. 学科&网 As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool. Ａ．It all depends on your character. Ｂ．Those are the risks you should jump to take. Ｃ．Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival. Ｄ．Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest. Ｅ．This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. Ｆ．However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards. Ｇ．New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation. 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分） 第一节（15分） 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国朋友 Jim 在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴 趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给 Jim回信，内容包括： 1. 该人物是谁； 2. 该人物的主要贡献； 3. 该人物对你的影响。 注意：1. 词数不少于 50；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 （ 20 分） 假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华。你班同学参加了学校的“地球日”系列活动。请按照以 下四幅图的先后顺序，以“Actions for a Greener Earth”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件，介绍 活动的全过程。 注意：词数不少于 60。学科&网 提示词：地球日 Earth Day _________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 2016年普通高等学校全国统一考试 英语（北京卷）参考答案 第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30 分） 1-5 ABCBA 6-10. ABACC11-15 BBCAC 16. 1211/12-11/Twelve-Eleven/twelve-eleven/Twelve-eleven/TWELVE-ELEVEN 17. Hogarth/HOGARTH 18. taxi 19. Tower/TOWER 20. outside 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分） 21-25 CADCB 26-30 DCDBD 31-35 ABABC 36-40 ABDCB 41-45 CDABA 46-50 CDCDC 51-55 ABADB 第三部分：阅读理解 （共两节，20 分） 56-60 BACBA 61-65. DADBD 66-70 CBADC 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分） 71-75 FCAEG 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分） 第一节（15分） Dear Jim, It’s great to hear from you. I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese history. As for my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. He, in his book, Haiguo Tuzhi(Maps and Records of the World), introduced modern technologies and ideas to China. That opened our eyes to the world. In fact, he inspires me to major in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world. Interested in knowing more? I can find you some books! Just let me know. Cheers! Yours, Li Hua 第二节 （ 20 分） One possible version: A week before Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth. Our class came up with the idea to make better use of used materials. We brought to our classroom worn-out clothes, pieces of cardboard and empty plastic bottles, and turned those into dolls, handbags, issue boxes and small vases. That weekend, we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave them away to the people there. All were very happy with those unexpected gifts, especially little kids and elderly people. We did so well that we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school. We are very proud of ourselves and believe we can do more for a better world. 听力材料 第一节 1. M: Oh, I forgot to bring a pencil again. Do you have an extra one? W: Sorry, I don’t. I have a couple of pens though. Will that work? M: Probably not. I need to be able to erase my work. Thanks anyway. W: Ask Steve. He might have a pencil. 2. M: Where are you heading in such a hurry? W: I’m heading home. M: Are we still going to have group study tonight? W: Yeah. I’m just going home to have something to eat. Then, I’ll be back. M: OK. See you then. 3. W: Jim, did you feel the earthquake last night? M: Oh, yeah. Of course. W: Are you prepared for a bigger one? M: No, not really. W: Well, you should have something ready, just in case like a portable radio, a flashlight and some kindles and matches. M: Oh, I’ll just have a flashlight. 4. W: Good afternoon. Can I help you? M: Good afternoon. I’d like to book a room with a double bed. W: Wait a minute. Sorry, we have no rooms like that now, but we have a room with a single bed. Is that OK? M: I guess I’ll have to take that room. 5. W: Where are you going for your holiday? Will you go to Greece as usual? M: My parents want to go somewhere different this time. So they’ve booked a holiday in Brazil. W: It sounds nice. M: Although I’d like to go to Denmark, I have to go with my parents. 第二节 6. W: Jeff, I’m going to the supermarket. Do you want to come with me? M: I think the supermarket is close now. W: Oh, when does it close? M: It closes at 5 p.m. on Sundays. W: That’s too bad. M: Don’t worry.We can go tomorrow morning. It opens at 8:00 am. W: All right. What shall we do now? M: Let’s take a walk first. My sister will get here at about 7:00 pm and then we can go out to dinner together. W: OK, let’s go. 7. W: Rosette Ticket Office. Can I help you? M: Yes. I’d like to reserve a round trip to London next week. W: When do you plan to leave? M: On March the 12th. W: Well, there are two flights to London that day. At ten am and nine pm. Which one do you prefer? M: I’d like to leave at 9 pm. It’s more convenient for me. W: That will be a BA flight. M: OK. W: When would you like to fly back? M: On March the 22nd. Er... how much will it be? W: 600 dollars. M: That sounds good. W: Well, I’ll book the seats for you right away. And if you want to make a change, please call me before March the 10th. M: OK. 8. M: Hello, Mary. We’ve decided to put you in the dress department. W: Oh, that’s great. M: Now, you work five days a week. We are closed on Wednesday and Sunday. W: Do we get overtime for Saturday? M: Well, actually, we offer an extra four dollars an hour. W: What are my duties? M: Apart from serving the customers, you’ll also do the window dressing. W: Great. I’ll enjoy that. Em, what about vacation? M: Well, it’s two weeks in the first two years and rises to four weeks in your third year with us. W: Do I have on the job training? M: We do give you on the job training, once every month during normal hours. So, you’ll be paid for that. W: Will that be on a set date? M: Yes, the first Tuesday of every month. W: Great! M: Anything else? W: No, thank you. 第三节 9. Hello, everyone. I’ve got something to tell you, so please listen carefully. There are some changes in the timetable for today. You start with English as usual, then Business Studies and after the break, History and Art. Because of the changes in the timetable, your Business Studies this morning won’t be in Room 313. Instead, it’ll be in Room 303. Now, the changes in after-school activities this week. The debating group will meet today. There’s handball practise on Thursday, that’s tomorrow, for those of you who want to get into the school team. And on Friday, the music group will meet to prepare for the school performance. Finally, let’s see, who is on duty today. George, it’s your turn, right? 第三节 10. W: Front Desk. Good evening. Can I help you? M: Hello. This is Mr. Hogarth, in Room 1211. Would you arrange a taxi for me for tomorrow afternoon? W: No problem. Where do you want the taxi to take you? M: Well, I have a business meeting at 2:00 at the MQ Tower. W: It’s only a 20-minute drive and the traffic will be good at that time. M: Then 1:30 will be fine. No, make it 1:20, to be on the safe side. W: OK. Would you like to order a taxi for your return? M: Good idea! Could you make sure the taxi will be waiting for me outside at 8:00 pm. W: Don’t worry. We’ll take care of that. Your telephone number? M: 61 293 3120 97 W: Your name again? M: George Hogarth, Room 1211. W: The taxi should arrive at the hotel at 1:20 pm. and should be waiting for you outside the MQ Tower at 8:00 pm. Am I right. M: Yes, thank you. 绝密★启用前 2017年普通高等学校全国招生统一考试（北京卷） 英 语 本试卷共 16页，共 150分。考试时长 120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作 答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分) 第一节 （共 5小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 7.5分） 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 例：What is the man going to read? A．A newspaper. B．Amagazine. C．A book. 答案是 A。 1．When will the film start? A．At 5:00. B．At 6:00. C．At 7:00. 2．Which club will the man join? A．The film club. B．The travel club. C．The sports club. 3．What was the weather like in the mountains yesterday? A．Sunny. B．Windy. C．Snowy. 4．What does the man want to cut out of paper? A．A fish. B．A bird. C．Amonkey. 5．Where does the conversation most probably take place? A．In a library. B．At a bookstore. C．In a museum. 第二节 （共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，15分） 听下面 4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第 6段材料，回答第 6至 7题。 6．Why does the woman make the call? A．To make an invitation. B．To ask for information. C．To discuss a holiday plan . 7．How much does the woman need to pay for the minibus? A．$50. B．$150. C．$350. 听第 7段材料，回答第 8至 9题。 8.What are the two sperkers mainly talking about? A.Electronic waste. B.Soil pollution. C.Recyling benefits. 9.What does the woman decide to do with her cell phone in the end? A.Throw it away. B.Keep it at home. C.Sell it to be recycled. 听第 8段材料，回答第 10至 12题。 10.What is the possible relationship between the two sperkers? A.Friends. B.Wife and husband. C.Business partners. 11.Where does the woman work now? A.In a school. B.In a restaurant. C.In a travel agency. 12.What are the two sperkers going to do? A.To take a trip. B.To have a coffee. C.To attend a meeting. 听第 9段材料，回答第 13至 15题。 13.What has been improved according to the speaker? A.The train station. B.The bus service. C.The parking lot. 14.How does the speaker get to her office today? A.By bus and on foot. B.By train and by bus. C.By train and on foot. 15.Who is the speaker? A.A reporter. B.A policeman. C.A photographer. 第三节（共 5小题；每小题 1.5分，共 7.5分） 听下面一段对话，完成第 16至 20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个．．词。听对话前，你将有 20秒 钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有 60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。 Pick-up Appointment Form Item（物品） A 16 and some magazines Destination Overseas to 17 Delivery ☑Air □Regular Time to pick up 5:00 18 afternoon Packing Amedium box Customer's information Mr. Hudson 19 89 Street,Chicago, 20 Tel:4159786 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分） 第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，共 15 分） 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 例：It’s so nice to hear from her again, ________, we last met more than thirty years ago. A. What’s more B. That’s to say C. In other words D. Believe it or not 答案是 D。 21. Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf. A. must B. should C. can D. need 22. —Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited. —No problem. A. but B. or C. for D. so 23. Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever 24. —______ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday? —Yes. They are happy with it. A. Did you call B. Have you called C. Will you call D. Were you calling 25. ______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes. A. Once B. If C. Although D. Because 26. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading. A. why B. where C. how D. when 27. Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ______ their valuable time. A. save B. saving C. to save D. saved 28. If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out. A. because B. though C. until D. since 29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet. A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented 30. The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from butterflies to elephants. A. ranging B. range C. to range D. ranged 31. The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. A. that B. as C. where D. when 32.Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______ with his students. A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent 33.People______better access to health care than they used to,and they’re living longer as a result. A.will have B. have C.had D.had had 34. If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened. A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put 35. Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry. A. at B. in C. on D. by 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada. One day, when she was five years old, she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man 36 out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very 37 .She couldn't understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could 38 ,but,of course, there is not a lot one five-year-old can do to solve(解决)the problem of homelessness. Later ,when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. It was a woman, 39 an old shopping trolley（购物车）which was piled with 40 . It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah very sad, and even more 41 to do something. She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people 42 they first saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldn’ t 43 as bad. Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to 44 her message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foudation ,an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to 45 “Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to 46 to the cause. She also organized a fundraising(募捐)drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone`s spare change during “Make Change” month. More recently, the foundation began another 47 called National Red Scarf Day—a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada`s 48 and homeless. There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannah`s Place”, something that Hannah is very 49 of. Hannah`s Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people when it is so cold that 50 outdoors can mean death. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of 51 .For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the 52 of young people to change the world. But 53 all this, Hannah still has the 54 life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people. Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a 55 in the world. You can,too! 36. A. jumping B. eating C. crying D. waving 37. A. annoyed B. nervous C. ashamed D. upset 38. A. behave B. manage C. help D. work 39. A. pushing B. carrying C. buying D. holding 40. A. goods B. bottles C. foods D. bags 41. A. excited B. determined C. energetic D. grateful 42. A. since B. unless C. although D. as 43. A. sound B. get C. feel D. look 44. A. exchange B. leave C. keep D. spread 45. A. sell B. deliver C. host D. pack 46. A. contribute B. lead C. apply D. agree 47. A. campaign B. trip C. procedure D. trial 48. A. elderly B. hungry C. lonely D. sick 49. A. aware B. afraid C. proud D. sure 50 A. going B. sleeping C. traveling D. playing 51. A. praises B. invitations C. replies D. appointments 52. A. needs B. interests C. dreams D. efforts 53. A. for B. through C. besides D. along 54. A. healthy B. public C. normal D. tough 55. A. choice B. profit C. judgement D. difference 第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 A It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm, Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn’t know each other well — Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before. Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground,“Paris’s eye rolled back,” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.” It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR?” CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press zxxk on the sick person’s chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly. Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR, “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,” says Taylor. Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic devices(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris’ heartbeat returned. “I know I was really lucky,” Paris says now. “Most people don’t survive this. My team saved my life.” Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly. Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now,” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.” 56.What happened to Paris on a March day? A.She caught a bad cold. B. She had a sudden heart problem. C.She was knocked down by a ball. D.She shivered terribly during practice 57.Why does Paris say she was lucky? A.She made a worthy friend. B. She recovered from shock. C. She received immediate CPR. D.She came back on the softball team. 58.Which of the following words can best describe Taylor? A.Enthusiastic and kind. B.Courageous and calm. C.Cooperative and generous. D.Ambitious and professional. What is so special about TOKNOWmagazine? Well, it has no ads or promotions inside— instead it is jam-packed with serious ideas. TOKNOWmakes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children, who can become involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy（哲 学）—and they will soon discover that TOKNOW feels more like a club than just a magazine. What’s inside? Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles, experiments and creative things to make — the magazine also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a balanced take on life. B Inspiring young minds! TOKNOWMagazine is a big hit in the world of children’s publishing, bringing a unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month. Sounds too good to be true? Take a look online—evidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend TOKNOW to their friends. Happy Birthday All Year! What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month? The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day. SUBSCRIBE NOW □Annual Subscription Europe £55 Rest of World £65 □Annual Subscription with Gift Pack Includes a Mammoth Map, a passport Puzzle Booklet, and Subscription Europe £60 Rest of World £70 Refund Policy—the subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back. 59. Why is TOKNOW a special magazine? A. It entertains young parents. B. It provides serious advertisements. C. It publishes popular science fictions. D. It combines fun with complex concepts. 60. What does TOKNOW offer its readers? A. Online courses. B. Articles on new topics. C. Lectures on a balanced life. D. Reports on scientific discoveries. 61. How much should you pay if you make a 12-mouth subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China? A. £55. B. £60. C. £65. D. £70. 62. Subscribers of TOKNOW would get . A. free birthday presents B. full refund within 28 days C. membership of the TOKNOW club D. chances to meet the experts in person C Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year. The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work. But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger. That’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year. The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer. Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参加 ) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption（豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine. Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions. Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks. 63．The first two paragraphs suggest that ____________. A．a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend B．the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention C．anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasons D．information about measles spreads quickly 64．Herd immunity works well when ____________. A．exemptions are allowed B．several vaccines are used together C．the whole neighborhood is involved in D．new regulations are added to the state laws 65．What is the main reason for the comeback of measles? A．The overuse of vaccine. B．The lack of medical care. C．The features of measles itself. D．The vaccine opt-outs of some people. 66．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To introduce the idea of exemption. B．To discuss methods to cure measles. C．To stress the importance of vaccination. D．To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment. D Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics（控制论） , put it this way: “If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.” Amachine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard. The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines. Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction. 67. Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may . A. run out of human control B. satisfy human’s real desires C. command armies of killer robots D. work faster than a mathematician 68. Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to . A. prevent themselves from being destroyed B achieve their original goals independently C. do anything successfully with given orders D. beat humans in international chess matches 69. According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to . A. help super intelligent machines work better B. be secure against evil human beings C. keep machines from being harmed D. avoid robots’ affecting the world 70. What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines? A. It will disappear with the development of AI. B. It will get worse with human interference. C. It will be solved but with difficulty. D. It will stay for a decade. 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 71 One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 72 We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强 ) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear. Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. 73 Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 74 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping. If Tononi’s theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night`s, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences. Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 75 “You keep what matters,” Tononi says. A. We should also try to sleep well the night before. B. It’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories. C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick. D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories. E. That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning. F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea. G. Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice. 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分） 第一节 （15分） 你的英国朋友 Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线路可以选择：“长江之行”或者 “泰山之旅”。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1.你建议的线路； 2.你的理由； 3.你的祝愿。 注意：1.词数不少于 50； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua 第二节 （20 分） 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记录毕业 前夕你们制作以“感恩母校”为主题的毕业纪念视频的全过程。 注意：词数不少于 60。 提示词：视频 video (请务必讲作文写在答题卡指定区域内) 绝密★启用前 2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语（北京卷）参考答案 第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分） 第一节（共 5小题；每小题 1.5分，共 7.5分） 1.C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5.A 第二节（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，共 15分） 6. B 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.A 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A 第三节（共 5小题；每小题 1.5分，共 7.5分） 每小题 1.5分。如出现拼写错误不计分；出现大小写、单复数错误扣 0.5分；如每小题超过一 个词不计分。 16. dictionary 17.Italy 18. Monday/Mon. 19. Acket/ACKET 20.15374 第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分） 第一节 单项填空（共 15小题；每小题 1分，共 15分） 21.C 22. D 23. B 24.A 25. C 26.B 27.C 28.C 29.D 30.A 31.A 32.D 33.B 34.A 35.B 第二节 完形填空（共 20小题；每小题 1.5分，共 30分） 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. D 41. B 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. C 46. A 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. D 第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共 15小题；每小题 2分，共 30分） 56. B 57. C 58. B 59. D 60. B 61. D 62. B 63. A 64. C 65. D 66. C 67. A 68. A 69. D 70. C 第二节（共 5小题；每小题 2分，共 10分） 71. C 72. E 73. F 74. G 75. B 第四部分 第一节 Dear Jim, I’m happy receive your letter and know you’re coming to China. Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai, both are highly recommended. Personally, I prefer the your along the Yangtze, the longest river and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization. You can learn a lot about the history of China and Chinese people. Moreover, the scenery along the river is amazing, with many well-known sightseeing spots. That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze will be a better choice. Hope you’ll have a good time in China. Yours Li Hua 第二节（20分） 一、内容要点： 1.讨论分工 2.收集素材 3.编辑制作 4.放映视频 二、One possible version: Graduation finally came. My classmates and I decided to do something. After a heated discussion, w e agreed on making a video to record our experiences at school. Material collecting took us a whole week, during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictur es of every aspect of school life. The editing part after that was tough. We debated over what to put into t he video. Some compromises were unavoidable, but the video turned out perfect. Several days later, when the video was played on the graduation ceremony, it was well received. The students and teachers shared a great time. That surely gave us a great sense of achievement.