高考考点主从复合句

高考考点主从复合句

主从复合句(状语从句、名词性从句和定语从句)‎ ‎　　【考点分析】‎ ‎　　状语从句 ‎　　1.when, while, as引导时间状语从句的区别;‎ ‎　　2.名词词组the minute, the moment, the first time, each time, any time等用作连词，引导的时间状语从句;‎ ‎　　3.before,和since引导时间状语从句的用法以及常见的几个句型;‎ ‎　　4.till和until的用法;‎ ‎　　5.although, though, as以及even if, even though引导让步状语从句的用法;‎ ‎　　6.结果状语从句中“so…that”与“such…that”的区别;‎ ‎　　7.条件状语从句unless, providing/provided, suppose/supposing等引导词的用法;‎ ‎　　8.“疑问词+ever”和“no matter+疑问词”引导从句的用法;‎ ‎　　9. in case引导的状语从句;‎ ‎　　10.where引导的状语从句;‎ ‎　　11.once引导的状语从句。‎ ‎　　12.与祈使句、定语从句、名词从句、倒装句以及与强调句型的混合考查。‎ ‎　　名词从句 ‎　　1. that和what引导名词性从句的区别;‎ ‎　　2.名词从句的语序和时态;‎ ‎　　3. it作形式主语、形式宾语的几种情况;‎ ‎　　4.宾语从句的否定转移;‎ ‎　　5.whether和if的用法区别;‎ ‎　　6.what在名词性从句中的使用;‎ ‎　　7.doubt后的名词性从句的使用;‎ ‎　　8.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别;‎ ‎　　9.连接词that的省略;‎ ‎　　定语从句 ‎　　1.that与which引导的定语从句的区别;‎ ‎　　2.who、whom与whose引导的定语从句的区别;‎ ‎　　3.关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句的区别;‎ ‎　　4.对“as”引导定语从句的考查;‎ ‎　　5. such…as与such…that的区别;the same…as与the same…that的区别;‎ ‎　　6.对“介词+关系代词”的考查;‎ ‎　　7.the way 作先行词时,定语从句的引导词作状语用in which ,that 或者省略;‎ ‎　　8.含有插入语的定语从句;‎ ‎　　9.与并列句、状语从句、同位语从句以及与强调句型的混合考查。‎ ‎　　【知识点归纳】‎ ‎　　I.句子的种类 ‎　　复习主从复合句时，我们首先要对句子的种类有所了解，才能更深入地掌握主从复合句的知识。‎ ‎　　按用途分 种 类 ‎ 类 型 ‎ 例 句 ‎ ‎ 陈述句 ‎ 肯定句 ‎ We love our motherland. 我们热爱祖国。‎ ‎ ‎ 否定句 ‎ They don’t go to work on Sundays. 他们星期日不上班。‎ ‎ ‎ 疑问句 ‎ 一般疑问句 ‎ Are you a worker? 你是个工人吗？ ‎ Haven’t you seen the film? 你没看过这部电影吗？ ‎ ‎ ‎ 特殊疑问句 ‎ Who is the man? 这人是谁？‎ When do you watch TV? 你什么时间看电视？‎ What are they doing now? 他们现在正在干什么？‎ ‎ ‎ 选择疑问句 ‎ Do you want tea or coffee? Either will do. 你要茶水还是要咖啡？哪种都行。‎ Does he learn Japanese or French? He learns French. ‎ 他学日语还是学法语？他学法语。‎ ‎ ‎ 反意疑问句 ‎ They are going to the airport, aren’t they? 他们要去机场，是吗？‎ You haven’t finished your homework, have you? 你没做完作业，是吗？‎ ‎ ‎ 祈使句 ‎ 肯定句 ‎ Be sure to get there at eight. 务必八点钟到那儿。‎ ‎ ‎ 否定句 ‎ Don’t worry. I’ll help you out. 别担心，我会帮助你的。‎ ‎ ‎ 感叹句 ‎ what + 名词 ‎ What great changes we have had these years! ‎ 这几年我们有了多么大的变化啊!‎ What a fine day it is! 多好的天气呀!‎ ‎ ‎ how + 形容词或副词 ‎ How brave he is! 他多么勇敢呀!‎ How hard they are working! 他们工作多努力呀！‎ ‎ ‎ how +句子 ‎ How time flies! 时间过得多么快呀!‎ ‎ ‎ How + adj.+a (an) + n.=What a(an)+adj.+n ‎ How nice a boy (he is) !=What a nice boy (he is)! 多好的孩子啊!‎ 按结构分 种类 ‎ 类型 ‎ 例 句 ‎ ‎ 简单句 ‎ 主+谓 ‎ They disappeared. 他们消失了。‎ ‎ ‎ 主+谓+宾 ‎ He likes swimming.他喜欢游泳。‎ We help each other. 我们互相帮助。‎ ‎ ‎ 主+谓+间宾+直接宾 ‎ I told my friend the good news. 我把好消息告诉了我的朋友。‎ They sent us a telegram. 他们给我们拍了电报。‎ ‎ ‎ 主+谓+宾+宾补 ‎ They named the boy Jack. 他们给孩子起名叫杰克。‎ I want everything ready by eight o’clock. ‎ 我要求一切都要在八点前准备好。‎ ‎ ‎ 主+系+表 ‎ She is a university student. 她是一名大学生。‎ He has become a pilot. 他已成为一名飞行员。‎ ‎ ‎ 并列句 ‎ 并列关系and, not only…but also, neither …nor, both…and, not…but,‎ ‎ Either you do it, or I ask for somebody else to do it. ‎ 要么你来做，要么我请其他人来做。‎ ‎ Neither Tom nor Jack has finished the homework. ‎ 汤姆和杰克都没有完成作业。 ‎ Not couldn’t they complete the task, but the task was too tough. ‎ 不是他们完不成任务，而是任务太重了。 ‎ ‎ ‎ 转折关系but,while（而，尽管）‎ nevertheless(然而；不过)‎ ‎ John likes playing basketball, but he didn’t play it yesterday.‎ ‎ 约翰喜欢打篮球，但他昨天没打。‎ ‎ ‎ 选择关系or, otherwise or else, either…or ‎ We must hurry, or we’ll miss the train.‎ ‎ 我们必须快点，否则会赶不上火车。‎ ‎ Either you come to my place or I go to yours. ‎ 或者你到我这儿来，或者我到你那去。‎ ‎ ‎ 因果关系for, so, thus, therefore, and so ‎ We had better stay at home, for it was raining. ‎ 我们最好呆在家里，因为天正在下雨。‎ He didn’t work hard, therefore he failed in the examination.‎ 他学习不努力，因此这次考试不及格。‎ ‎ ‎ 复合句 ‎ 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。在复合句中主句是全句的主体，从句是全句的一个成分，不能独立。‎ ‎ 从句有：‎ 名词性从句（主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句）‎ 状语从句 定语从句 ‎（详细请看以下内容）‎ ‎ ‎ ‎　　II.状语从句 ‎　　状语从句是每年高考必考的内容，在高考试题中加上其它从句的干扰，以及倒装句，强调句的介入，使得状语从句更为复杂。‎ ‎　　1.时间状语从句 ‎　　由下列连词引导：when,while,as,before,after,once,till,until,since,as soon as,now that,hardly…when,‎ ‎　　scarcely…when,no sooner…than,有一些表示时间的副词(短语)或名词短语也可引导时间状语从句。如：directly,instantly,immediately,by the time，the moment,the second,the minute,the instant,every time,each time,next time,the last time等 ‎　　重点内容如下：‎ ‎　　①when,while,as引导的时间状语从句 ‎　　▲as表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。‎ ‎　　She came up as I was cooking.(同时)‎ ‎　　The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时)‎ ‎　　▲when(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。‎ ‎　　It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)‎ ‎　　When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)‎ ‎　　When we arrived there,the film had already begun.(先后发生)‎ ‎　　▲while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示a period of time时，两者可以互换。‎ ‎　　Please don’t talk so loud while/when others are working.‎ ‎　　He fell asleep while/when reading.‎ ‎　　Strike while the iron is hot.( 不可用as或when，这里的while意思是“趁……”)‎ ‎　　②before状语从句的重点句型 ‎　　▲……之后……才：It was a long time before I got to sleep .‎ ‎　　▲不多久……就：It wasn’t long before he told me about the affair.‎ ‎　　▲不等……就：Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.‎ ‎　　▲刚……就：He hardly entered the room before he heard the telephone ring.‎ ‎　　▲先……再：You can have a few days to think about it before you make your decision.‎ ‎　　③since 引导的从句用延续性动词的过去式(包括过去完成时)，则从句的动作已经结束,从句意思是否定的。如果从句的动词是延续性的用完成时态，从句意思是肯定的。‎ ‎　　▲He has never been to see me since I was ill.我病愈后，他一直未来看我。(不在生病了)‎ ‎　　▲He has never been to see me since I have been ill.我病了，他一直未来看我。‎ ‎　　▲I haven’t heard from him since he lived here.‎ ‎　　自从他这里搬走，我就没有收到他的信。(不住在这儿了)‎ ‎　　▲I know him very well since he has lived here near us.自他住在我们附近以来，我对他很了解。‎ ‎　　▲It’s three years since I was in the army.我退伍已三年了。(不在服役了)‎ ‎　　▲It’s three years since I have been in the army=It's three years since he joined the army.‎ ‎　　我入伍已三年了。‎ ‎　　④如果与till与until从句使用的主句是肯定的，则主句中谓语要用延续性动词如果与其使用的主句是否肯定的，则主句中谓语要用短暂性动词。另till从句不可以置于句首，只有until从句可以放在句首。not until 放在句首时主句要倒装。‎ ‎　　2.原因状语从句 ‎　　由下列连词引导：as(由于),because(因为), since(既然),now (that) (既然), considering that(顾及到), seeing that(由于)。‎ ‎　　I do it because I like it.因为我喜欢我才干。(because不能与 so连用)‎ ‎　　He couldn’t have seen me, because I was not there.他不可能见过我，因为当时我不在那儿。‎ ‎　　Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.‎ ‎　　由于好些人都没到会，我们决定延期开会 ‎　　Now that/Since you are all here, let’s try and reach a decision.‎ ‎　　既然大家都来了咱们就设法做一个决定吧 ‎　　As she was ill, she didn’t come to the party.‎ ‎　　由于病了，她没来参加晚会。‎ ‎　　Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.‎ ‎　　考虑到他们才刚刚学做，他们干得算很不错的了。‎ 重点内容如下：‎ ‎　　①because语气最强，用于回答why的提问，可与强调词only,just 以及否定词not 连用。但不可以与so连用。如You shouldn’t get angry just because some people speak ill of you.另外注意与not连用时否定的转移。He didn’t do such a thing because he was afraid of his wife.他并不是因为怕他的妻子才做这样的事。‎ ‎　　Cf:He didn’t do such a thing,because he was afraid of his wife.因为怕妻子，他没有做这样的事。‎ ‎　　because引导的从句可以被强调：‎ ‎　　It was because she wanted to study abroad that she entered for TOEFL ‎　　②as语气较弱，since语气也较弱，但比as正式一些,所说明的原因比较明显或是已知的事实，多用于口语中，所以不应该强调。常置于句首。‎ ‎　　As all the seats were full,he stood there.‎ ‎　　Since you are going,I’ll go,too.‎ ‎　　③for虽解释为“因为”但只是一个并列连词，它引导的是并列句，不是原因状语从句。‎ ‎　　The day was short,for it was December.‎ ‎　　3.地点状语从句 ‎　　由下列连词引导:where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere。‎ ‎　　Anywhere he went,he got warm welcome.‎ ‎　　The girl takes the doll with her everywhere she goes.‎ ‎　　Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and the Han River meet.武汉位于长江和汉水汇合处。‎ ‎　　Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。‎ ‎　　You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.‎ ‎　　哪儿有问题，你最好在哪儿做个记号。(这里where引导的从句不是定语从句)‎ ‎　　4.结果状语从句 ‎　　由下列连词引导：that，so…that，so that(从句中不带情态动词)，such…that，with the result that等。‎ ‎　　注意以下几种结构：‎ ‎　　①so+adj/adv+that…‎ ‎　　②such(a/an+adj)+n+that…‎ ‎　　③so+adj+a/an+n+that=such a/an+adj+n+that…‎ ‎　　④so many/much/few/little(少)+n+that…‎ ‎　　注意以上结构与定语从句so/such…as的区别。‎ ‎　　This is such an interesting/so interesting a film that/as everyone wants to see it/(it).‎ ‎　　He didn’t plan his time well so that/so he didn’t finish the work in time.‎ ‎　　他没把时间计划好，结果没按时完成这项工作。‎ ‎　　We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.‎ ‎　　我们走得匆忙，把门都忘了锁了。‎ ‎　　The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map.‎ ‎　　这村子太小，所以这地图上没有。‎ ‎　　Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers like her very much ‎　　= Jenny is so clever a girl that all the teachers like her very much ‎　　Jenny是如此聪明的女孩，以至老师们都非常喜欢她。‎ ‎　　I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.‎ ‎　　我摔了许多跤，以至于浑身青一块紫一块 ‎　　He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.‎ ‎　　他朋友很少，所以经常感到孤独。‎ ‎　　I had so little money then that I couldn’t afford a little present.‎ ‎　　我当时囊中羞涩连一份小小礼物都买不起 ‎　　5.目的状语从句 ‎　　由下列连词引导：so that,in order that,for fear that等。目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词can, could, may, might, should连用目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词can, could, may, might, should连用。‎ ‎　　(so that也可用来引导结果状语从句，但从句中不带情态动词)‎ ‎　　Let’s take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.‎ ‎　　我们坐前排吧，这样我们看得更清楚些。‎ ‎　　School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.‎ ‎　　早点儿放学是为了让孩子们在暴风雨到来之前回家。‎ ‎　　He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.‎ ‎　　他把名字写下省得忘了。(该从句中一般用情态动词should+动词原形，或省略should)‎ ‎　　Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.‎ ‎　　最好多带些衣服以防天气会冷。‎ ‎　　注意：so that引导的目的状语从句只能放在主句之后，in order that 引导的目的状语从句可以放在主句之前或之后。‎ ‎　　6.条件状语从句 ‎　　分为真实条件句和非真实条件句(用在虚拟语气中)。‎ ‎　　表示条件的状语从句可以由if(如果),unless(除非), in case(万一), so /as long as(只要), as/ so far as(就……而言), on condition that(条件是……)suppose(假设)supposing(假设)(仅用在问句中)‎ ‎　　等词或词组引导。一般情况下当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。‎ ‎　　As/So long as we don’t lose heart, we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.‎ ‎　　只要我们不灰心，我们就能找到克服困难的方法。‎ ‎　　Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.万一你有什么困难，请给我们一个信儿。‎ ‎　　If you leave at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning, you’d better get to bed now.‎ ‎　　如果你明早6点钟走，你最好现在就上床。‎ ‎　　We’ll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy.‎ ‎　　只要你能保持整洁，我们可以让你使用这个房间。‎ ‎　　As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA.据我所知，他是一个DNA专家。‎ ‎　　He’ll accept the job unless the salary is too low/ if the salary is not too low.‎ ‎　　他会接受这项工作的，除非薪水太少/如果薪水不太少的话。‎ ‎　　Suppose/Supposing we can’t get enough food, what shall we do?‎ ‎　　假设我们弄不到足够的食物，那我们怎么办?‎ ‎　　7.让步状语从句 ‎　　由下列连词引导：although,though,as,even if, even though,while,whether…or,whoever,whatever,however,‎ ‎　　no matter+疑问词等。‎ ‎　　We won’t be discouraged even if(=even though) we fail ten times.‎ ‎　　我们就是失败十次也不泄气。‎ ‎　　It was an exciting game, though / although no goals were scored.‎ ‎　　那是一场精彩的球赛，尽管一个球都没进。‎ ‎　　Whether you believe it or not, it’s true.不管你信不信，这是真的。‎ ‎　　However (=No matter how) expensive it may be, I’ll take it.无论它有多贵，我也要买下它。‎ ‎　　Don’t let them in, whoever(=no matter who) they are.不管他们是谁，别让他们进来。‎ ‎　　No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks I’m wrong.无论我说什么或怎么说，他总认为是我错。‎ ‎　　注意以下几点：‎ ‎　　①although,though引导让步状语从句时，主句前不能用but,但可以加yet,stil。‎ ‎　　He refuses help although he has many friends who want to offer all kinds of help.‎ ‎　　②as引导让步状语从句时，必须用前置结构，通常是从句中的表语、状语或动词原形放在句首，放在句首的名词前的冠词要去掉。‎ ‎　　Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot.(注意在child前不要用冠词)‎ ‎　　Much as I like it, I won’t buy.‎ ‎　　Try as he would, he couldn’t lift the heavy box.‎ ‎8.方式状语从句 ‎　　由下列连词引导：as,as if,as though,the way等。‎ ‎　　Do it the way you were told.‎ ‎　　注意以下几点：‎ ‎　　①as引导方式状语从句时意义为“按照”，“如同”，前面常用加强语势。‎ ‎　　I did it just as you told me.‎ ‎　　②as if和as though 引导的从句中，谓语常用虚拟语气，有时也用陈述语气。‎ ‎　　③连词while 和whereas 可表示对比。‎ ‎　　Whereas he is rather lazy,she is quite energetic.‎ ‎　　9.比较状语从句 ‎　　由下列连词引导：as…as,not as…as,not so…as,than等(详情请参见【专题三】形容词和副词)。‎ ‎　　10.注意状语从句中的省略现象 ‎　　①连接词+过去分词 ‎　　Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use.‎ ‎　　②连词+现在分词 ‎　　Look out while crossing the street.‎ ‎　　③连词+形容词/其他 ‎　　常见的有if necessary、if possible、when necessary、if any等。‎ ‎　　④比较状语从句中的省略句。如：He arrived home half an hour earlier than (he had been)expected.‎ ‎　　III.名词性从句 ‎　　在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。‎ ‎　　引导名词性从句的连词可分为三类：‎ ‎　　①that(不充当从句的任何成分，无词义。只起连接作用，因此往往可以省略。)‎ ‎　　whether, if(不充当从句的任何成分，均表示“是否”‎ 表明从句内容的不确定性。不可以省略。)‎ ‎　　as if,as though(均表示“好像”，“似乎”)‎ ‎　　②what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which ‎　　③when, where, how, why ‎　　Who cleaned the blackboard is not known yet.谁擦的黑板还不知道。‎ ‎　　What he said is not true.他说的不是实话 ‎　　That he’ll come to see us is really great.他来看我们真是太好啦。‎ ‎　　I don’t know why he is absent.我不知道为什么他不在。‎ ‎　　The question is whether he will join us next time.问题是下次他是否跟我们一起干。‎ ‎　　It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。‎ ‎　　1.主语从句 ‎　　①由从属连词引导的主语从句：‎ ‎　　Whether the country should build a nuclear power station is something we must discuss.‎ ‎　　那个国家是否应该建立核电站……‎ ‎　　That light travels in straight line is known to all .光以直线传播 ‎　　②由连接代词引导的主语从句：‎ ‎　　What we need is more time. 我们所需要的是……‎ ‎　　Whichever book you choose doesn’t matter to me.无论你选哪本书……‎ ‎　　Whoever comes will be welcome.无论谁来……‎ ‎　　③由连接副词引导的主语从句：‎ ‎　　When the plane is to take off hasn’t been announced.飞机什么时候起飞……‎ ‎　　Where he has been is still a puzzle.他到过哪儿……‎ ‎　　How much water is flowing can be measured easily.水的流量是多少……‎ ‎　　④关于形式主语 it ‎　　▲It + be +形容词+ that-从句 ‎　　It is necessary that… 有必要……‎ ‎　　It is important that…重要的是……‎ ‎　　It is obvious that…很明显……‎ ‎　　It is likely that….很可能 ‎　　▲It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 ‎　　It is believed that…人们相信……‎ ‎　　It is known to all that…众所周知……‎ ‎　　(注意该句型的变式：It is known to all that the earth goes around the sun.=As is known to all,the earth goes around the sun.=What is known to all is that the earth goes around the sun.)‎ ‎　　It has been decided that…已决定……‎ ‎　　▲It + be +名词+ that-从句 ‎　　It is common knowledge that… ……是常识 ‎　　It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是……‎ ‎　　It is a fact that…事实是……‎ ‎　　可应用于此句型的名词还有fact / shame / honor / question/pity等。‎ ‎　　▲It +不及物动词+ that-分句 ‎　　It appears that…似乎……‎ ‎　　It happens that…碰巧……‎ ‎　　It occurred to me that…我突然想起……‎ ‎　　It doesn’t matter whether he likes or not.‎ ‎　　2.表语从句 ‎　　可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem等等。‎ ‎　　The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking.‎ ‎　　……数百万人死于由抽烟引起的疾病 ‎　　The question remains whether we can win the game…..我们是否能赢得这次比赛 ‎　　That’s just what I want. ……我想要的 ‎　　This is where our problem lies. ……我们的问题所在 ‎　　The difficulty is how we can help smokers kick their habit……我们如何帮助吸烟的人……‎ ‎　　注意：‎ ‎　　①表语从句的表现形式除了用从属连词，连接代词和连接副词引导以外，还可以由as, as if，as though引导 ‎　　Things were not as they seemed.‎ ‎　　It looks as though it is going to rain.好象要下雨了。‎ ‎　　②另外还要注意以下常用的两种结构：The reason why…is that … (而不用 because)‎ ‎　　It ( This, That ) is because…‎ ‎　　The reason why he was dismissed is that he didn’t work hard. 他为什么被开除是因为他工作不努力。‎ ‎　　It is because the tobacco companies want to remain in business.‎ ‎　　3.同位语从句 ‎　　同位语从句一般由 that, whether 等连词引导，常放在 advice, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, question, reason, truth, word, suggestion.等名词的后面，说明该名词的具体内容。‎ ‎　　The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world. 登陆月球…….‎ ‎　　I have no idea when he will be back. ……什么时候回来 ‎　　The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill……Mary也许病了 ‎　　He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.……是否同意 ‎4.宾语从句 ‎　　宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾语，介词的宾语，某些形容词的宾语以及非谓语动词的宾语。‎ ‎　　①及物动词后的宾语从句：‎ ‎　　She will give whoever needs help a warm support……任何需要帮助的人……‎ ‎　　I wonder why she refused my invitation……她为什么拒绝了我的邀请 ‎　　②介词后的宾语从句：‎ ‎　　I always think of how I can improve my spoken English.我总是在思考如何提高我的口语水平。‎ ‎　　The teacher is satisfied with what she has said. 老师对他所说的话很满意。‎ ‎　　③某些形容词后的宾语从句：‎ ‎　　I am sure that you will make greater progress in English through hard work.‎ ‎　　……通过努力工作，你将取得更大的进步 ‎　　We are surprised that he has left without saying goodbye to us…….他没有告别就走了 ‎　　④非谓语动词后的宾语从句：‎ ‎　　Realizing that it was just a difference in custom, the foreigner smiled and said nothing.‎ ‎　　On being asked whether he had had a good time in Australia, he answered “Terrible ”.‎ ‎　　⑤关于形式宾语it ‎　　We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished.‎ ‎　　我们必须清楚任何违犯法律的人都将受到惩罚。‎ ‎　　I find it necessary that we should ask him for his advice.我发现我们有必要征求他的意见。‎ ‎　　5.名词性从句重难点 ‎　　①在名词性从句中，疑问句要用陈述句的语序。例如：‎ ‎　　▲Can you make sure ____the gold ring ?‎ ‎　　A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice put ‎　　C.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put ‎　　▲You can't imagine __when they received these nice Christmas presents.‎ ‎　　A.how they were excited B.how excited they were ‎　　C.how excited were they D.they were how excited ‎　　②动词 doubt 用在疑问句或否定句中，其后宾语从句常用 that 作连接词;用在肯定句中，连接词用 whether 或 if 皆可，而不用that。‎ ‎　　Do you doubt that he will win ?‎ ‎　　I don't doubt that your proposition is wrong .‎ ‎　　He doubt whether I know it .‎ ‎　　③ 否定转移问题。‎ ‎　　▲将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等动词后面跟宾语从句时否定转移 ‎　　I don't think I know you.　我想我并不认识你。‎ ‎　　I don' t believe he will come.　我相信他不回来。‎ ‎　　We don't expect he will come tonight , will he ?‎ ‎　　注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。‎ ‎　　I hope you weren't ill. 我想你没有生病吧。‎ ‎　　▲将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移 ‎　　It doesn't seem that they know where to go. 看来他们不知道往哪去。‎ ‎　　It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow. 看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。‎ ‎　　④主谓一致问题。‎ ‎　　What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world.‎ ‎　　What I bought were three English books.‎ ‎　　⑤语气问题 ‎　　▲在含有 suggest , order , demand , propose , command , request , insist, desire, require, advise 等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，that从句常用“should+ 动词原形”的结构 ‎　　I suggest we (should) set off at once. 我建议我们应该立刻出发。‎ ‎　　▲在It is +过去分词+that的主语从句中 decided，demanded，desired，insisted，ordered，proposed，suggested，recommended，requested， required等。‎ ‎　　It is desired that we(should)get everything ready this evening.‎ ‎　　▲在表语从句或同位语从句中 ‎　　The suggestion that the mayor (should) present the prizes was accepted by everyone.‎ ‎　　▲在It is(was)+形容词+that从句中要用虚拟语气，即(should +)动词原形，表示建议或不满、惊奇等情绪。常用于此类的形容词有 essential，important，natural，necessary，possible，strange，等。‎ ‎　　It is necessary that a college student ____at least a foreign language.(上海1993)‎ ‎　　A.masters B.should master C.mastered D.will master ‎　　⑥What引导名词从句的特殊含义:‎ ‎　　▲What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.‎ ‎　　(what为“所……的事”，相当于“the thing that…;all that…;everything that…”)‎ ‎　　▲After ________ seemed a very long time，I opened my eye and found myself in bed.(M ET'93)‎ ‎　　A.what B.when C.that D.which ‎　　(what相当于“the time that”，表示“……时间”)‎ ‎　　▲He is not what he was a few years ago. Who is it that has made Fred what he is now?‎ ‎　　(what表示“……的人”，相当于“the person that…”)‎ ‎　　▲What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world.‎ ‎　　(what表示“……的地方”，相当于“the place that…”)‎ ‎　　▲Our income is now double what it was ten years ago ‎　　(what表示“……的数目”，相当于“the amount /number that…”)‎ ‎　　⑦不可省略的连词：‎ ‎　　▲介词后的连词不可省略 ‎　　Before I came downstairs I had prepared myself very carefully for what I must say.‎ ‎　　下楼之前，我已经把我要说的认真准备好了。‎ ‎　　▲引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略 ‎　　That she was chosen made us very happy.她被选上了，我们很高兴。‎ ‎　　We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。‎ ‎　　▲宾语从句有多个that引导时，从第二个及其后面的that不能省略 ‎　　I believe(that)you have done your best and that things will get better.‎ ‎　　⑧比较：whether 与 if 均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代：‎ ‎　　▲whether 引导主语从句在句首 ‎　　Whether she comes or not doesn’t concern me .她是否来与我无关。‎ ‎　　▲引导表语从句 ‎　　His first question was whether she had arrived yet. 他问第一个问题就是她来了没有。‎ ‎　　▲引导同位语从句 ‎　　Answer my question whether you are coming.回答我你是否来的问题。‎ ‎　　▲whether 从句作介词宾语 ‎　　I worry about whether I hurt her feeling .我担心是否伤了她的感情。‎ ‎　　▲与or not连在一起 ‎　　I don’t know whether or not he is going to Japan.我不知道他是否去日本。‎ ‎　　大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it 充当形式主语。例如：‎ ‎　　It is not important who will go. 谁去，这不重要。‎ ‎　　It is still unknown which team will win the match. 到底谁赢呢，形势尚不明朗。‎ IV.定语从句 ‎　　(一)基本概念 ‎　　1.由一个句子作定语，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容，这样的从句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。‎ ‎　　2.关系词分为两大类，即关系代词和关系副词，其作用一是引出一个定语从句，二是代替其所修饰的先行词，三是在句中充当某个句子成分。‎ ‎　　关系词的分类和基本用法 ‎　　表一 分类 ‎ 指代 ‎ 引导词 ‎ ‎ 关系代词 ‎ 人 ‎ who, whom, that, as ‎ ‎ 事物 ‎ which, that, as ‎ ‎ 人或物（表所属关系）‎ ‎ whose ‎ ‎ 关系副词 ‎ 地点 ‎ where ‎ ‎ 时间 ‎ when ‎ ‎ 原因 ‎ why ‎ ‎ 表二 ‎ 关系代词 ‎ 指代 ‎ 例句 ‎ 解释 ‎ ‎ who ‎ 人 ‎ The man who helped you is Mr White.‎ ‎ 在定从中作主语 ‎ ‎ whom ‎ That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.‎ ‎ 在定从中作宾语，可省略 ‎ ‎ whose ‎ He is the father whose son studies very well in our class.‎ ‎ 在定从中作定语 ‎ ‎ that ‎ I´m not the fool that you thought me to be.‎ ‎ 在定从中作表语 ‎ ‎ as ‎ He is such a lazy man as nobody wants to work with.‎ ‎ 在定从中作宾语 ‎ ‎ that ‎ 事物 ‎ The only thing that we can do is to give you some advice.‎ ‎ 在定从中作宾语 ‎ ‎ which ‎ A dictionary is a useful book which tells us the meaning of words ‎ 在定从中作主语 ‎ ‎ whose ‎ He lives in a room whose window faces south ‎ 在定从中作定语 ‎ ‎ as ‎ It is such a big stone as nobody can lift.‎ ‎ 在定从中作宾语 ‎ ‎ 整句内容 ‎ As is known to all, he is the best student.‎ ‎ 在定从中作主语 ‎ ‎ 表三 ‎ 关系副词 ‎ 指代 ‎ 例句 ‎ 解释 ‎ ‎ when ‎ 时间 ‎ Would you suggest a time when we can have a talk?‎ ‎ 在定从中作状语 ‎ ‎ where ‎ 地点 ‎ The house where they live is not very large.‎ ‎ 在定从中作状语 ‎ ‎ why ‎ 原因 ‎ This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.‎ ‎ 在定从中作状语 ‎ ‎ ‎　　(二)定语从句的注意点 ‎　　本部分的内容比较复杂，为便于考生一目了然，我们试图用表格的形式呈现给考生。‎ ‎　　1.that与which, who, whom的用法区别 情 况 ‎ 用法说明 ‎ 例 句 ‎ ‎ 只用that的情况 ‎ ①先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时 ‎②先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时 ‎③先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时 ‎④先行词既指人又指物时 ‎⑤先行词被the only, the very修饰时 ‎⑥句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时 ‎ ①He told me everything that he knows.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎②All the books that you offered has been given out.‎ ‎③This is the best film that I have ever read.‎ ‎④We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.‎ ‎⑤He is the only man that I want to see.‎ ‎⑥Who is the man that is making a speech?‎ ‎ ‎ 只用which, who, whom的情况 ‎ ①在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人 ‎②在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。‎ ‎③先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。‎ ‎ ①He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.‎ ‎②I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.‎ ‎③Those who respect others are usually respected by others.‎ ‎ ‎ 只用that，in which或不用关系词的情况 ‎ the way做先行词时 ‎ ①Mary,there is one way that you could stop others talking about you and criticizing you.‎ ‎②I was struck by the beauty of the way in which she stood.‎ ‎③What surprised me was not what he said but _______ he said it.‎ A. the way B. in the way that ‎ C. in the way D. the way which ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.as、which和that的区别 从句 ‎ 区 别 ‎ 例 句 ‎ ‎ 限制性 定语从句中 ‎ 名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用which ‎ He is not such a fool as he looks.‎ Don’t read such books as you can’t understand. ‎ ‎ ‎ 非限制性 定语从句中 ‎ as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。‎ ‎ They won the game, as we had expected.‎ They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.‎ As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.‎ ‎ ‎ the same... as和 the same ...that ‎ the same... as指同类事物 the same ...that 指原物 ‎ That’s the same tool as I used last week.（同类工具，不是同一把）‎ That’s the same tool that I used last week.那就是我上周用过的工具。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3. where、when与why引导的定语从句 ‎ 关系副词 ‎ 用 法 ‎ 例 句 ‎ ‎ where ‎ 关系副词where引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示(具体或抽象的)地点的名词。‎ ‎ We’re just trying to teach a point___both sides will sit down together and talk.‎ A. where B. that C. when D. which ‎ ‎ when ‎ 关系副词 when引导定语从句时, 只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。‎ ‎ There was ________time ________I hated to go to school.‎ A. a; that B. a; when ‎ C. the; that D. the ; when ‎ ‎ why ‎ 关系副词why引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词。‎ ‎ Do you know the reason why she was put into prison ? 你知道她坐牢的原因吗？‎ ‎ ‎ ‎　　4.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 ‎　　当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。先行词指物，用“介词+which/whose”,指人则用“‎ 介词+whom/whose”, 且两个关系代词均不能省略。介词的选择要遵循两个原则：‎ 原则 ‎ 内 容 ‎ 例 句 ‎ ‎ 原则一 ‎ 根据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配内容而定 ‎ I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was，she had run back in the direction__________she had come.‎ A.of which B.by which C.in which D.from which ‎[解析]此题考查由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，根据句意用from which表示“所来的那个方向”，故答案选[D]‎ ‎ ‎ 原则二 ‎ 根据先行词而定 ‎ There are two buildings , _______ stands nearly a hundred feet high.‎ A. the larger B. the larger of them ‎ C. the larger one that D. the larger of which ‎[解析] the larger of which指代the larger of the two buildings ，which 在定语从句中指代 building，作介词of的宾语，故答案为[D]。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎　　5.定语从句与先行词被分割开来的现象 ‎　　定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词;但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句，在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，在阅读是要注意识别先行词的修饰对象。‎ 现 象 ‎ 例 句 ‎ ‎ 在定语从句加中插入语，常见的有：I think ,I suppose ,I guess ,I imagine等。辨别的方法是：去掉插入语后，原句句法结构仍然完整。‎ ‎ ①---Is that the small town you often refer to? ‎ ‎--- Right, just the one ________ you know I used to work for years. ‎ A.that B. which C.where D.what ‎[解析] work是不及物动词，先行词one在定语从句中只能作地点状语，You know 在句中作插入语，所以答案选[C] 。‎ ‎②He made another wonderful discovery ,______of importance to science .‎ A.which I think is B. which I think it is ‎ C. which I think it D. I think is ‎[解析]这里I think 是插入语，which 引导非限制性定语从句，故选［A］。‎ ‎ ‎ 在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个状语 ‎ There are many thousands of stars in the sky that are like the sun.在太空中有成千上万的象太阳般的星星。‎ 乍一看，that引导的定语从句在名词sky的后面，似乎应该是修饰sky的。但仔细一想，” 不对啊， 天空怎么能象太阳呢？“，原来that引导的定语从句被in the sky这个地点 状语分隔开来，修饰中心词stars。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个定语 ‎ Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?‎ 你还记得吗，十年前的一天下午，我来到你家，找你借了一条钻石项链？‎ when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace实际上是修饰afternoon而不是修饰 years。ten years ago 实际上是定语后置修饰afternoon。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 先行词与定语从句被谓语分隔开来。此时，先行词通常是句子的主语，因定语从句较长，主句谓语较短，为使句子平衡，常将定语从句移至谓语之后 ‎ A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6.定语从句与其它从句（句型）的区别 类 别 ‎ 区 别 ‎ 例 句 ‎ ‎ 定语从句 与 并列句 ‎ 定语从句与并列句的主要区别在于：并列句有像and，but，so等并列连词或两个句子用分号连接，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。‎ ‎ ①Mr Li has three daughters，none of _____ is an engineer． ‎ ‎②Mr Li has three daughters，but none of _____ is a dancer．‎ 从结构上看，①小题是定语从句，故填whom；‎ ‎②小题有并列连词but，是并列句，故填代词 them。‎ ‎ ‎ 定语从句 与 状语从句 ‎ 定语从句的前面有名词作先行词，而状语从句没有先行词。‎ ‎ This is the place where we used to live a few years ago. ‎ 这是几年前我们居住的地方。（定语从句，先行词为the place）‎ Let’s go where we can find a better job. ‎ 我们到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。（地点状语从句）‎ ‎ ‎ 定语从句修饰、限制、说明名词，只能放在先行词的后面，而状语从句说明动作发生的情况，并且可以放在主句的前面。‎ ‎ Do you know the time when the class is over? 你知道下课的时间吗？（定语从句）‎ It was already five o’clock when the class was over.‎ ‎=When the class was over, it was already five o’clock. ‎ 当下课时己经是5点了。（时间状语从句）‎ ‎ ‎ When, where和why在引导定语从句时可以用“介词＋which”的结构来替换，在引导状语从句时却不行。‎ ‎ This is the factory in which (where) his father once worked. ‎ 这就是他的父亲曾经工作过的那个工厂。（定语从句）‎ Put back the book where it was. 把书放回原处。（状语从句）‎ ‎ ‎ 定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当某种句子成分，因此去掉它则从句成分不完整；而结果状语从句中的连接词在从句中不作任何成分，去掉后从句的成分仍然完整。‎ ‎ It is such an interesting book as we all like. 它是我们大家都喜欢的如此有趣的书。‎ ‎（as用作动词like的宾语，它引导的是定语从句）‎ It is such an interesting book that we all like it. ‎ 它是一本如此有趣的书，我们大家都喜欢它。‎ ‎（that不充当句子成分，故它引导的是结果状语从句）‎ ‎ ‎ 定语从句 与 同位语从句 ‎ 定语从句在复合句中相当于形容词，对先行词起修饰、描述或限制的作用，与先行词之间有从属关系。同位语的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词给予补充说明或进一步解释，是前面名词的具体内容,与先行词之间是同位关系。‎ ‎ The news that she had passed the exam made her parents very happy. ‎ 她考试及格的消息使她父母亲很高兴。（同位语从句）‎ 此句中的同位语从句 The news that she had passed the exam ‎ 可以改写成表语从句：The news is that he passed the exam. ‎ The news that he told us interested all of us.‎ 他告诉我们的消息使大家都感兴趣。（定语从句）‎ The news that he told us 是定语从句，此句不能改写为：The news is that he told us.‎ ‎ ‎ 定语从句 与 强调句 ‎ 强调句的结构为“It is／was＋被强调部分＋that＋从句”。被强调部分可以是除谓语以外的任何成分，当被强调部分是人时，还可用who代替that。这一句型中，一定不能因为被强调部分是表时间或地点的词就用when或where代替 that。‎ ‎ ①It is on the morning of May 1st _____ I met Liang Wei at the airport． ‎ ‎②It is the factory _____ Mr Wang works．‎ 从结构上看：‎ ‎①小题是强调句，故填 that。‎ ‎②小题则是定语从句，用上述方法转换便知the factory前差个介词in，故填 where。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎　　此外还要注意下列两点：‎ ‎　　▲定语从句与习惯句型 ‎　　用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。‎ ‎　　①It is the first time _____ she has been in Shanghai.‎ ‎　　②It was the time _____ Chinese people had a hard life.‎ ‎　　解析：这里①小题是一个习惯句型，其结构为：It is/was the first/second ... time +that从句。故①填that，其意为：这是她第一次在上海。②小题the time是先行词，其后是表示时间的定语从句，故填 when。‎ ‎　　▲定语从句与简单句 ‎　　用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。‎ ‎　　①The mother told the lazy boy to work，_____ didn't help.‎ ‎　　②The mother told the lazy boy to work._____ didn't help.‎ ‎　　解析：含有定语从句的复合句与两个单句的主要区别在于：前者有主句，有从句，必须有关系词;而后者则是两个单独的句子，不需要任何关联词。①小题两个句子用逗号连接且没有并列连词，显然应是主从句关系，因此需用关系词which，前面整个句子作先行词;②小题则填It，代替前面的整个句子。解题时，注意标点符号的运用。‎ ‎　　【高考预测】‎ ‎　　1. ______ is known to us all is that Shenzhou VII has launched for the first spacewalk successfully.‎ ‎　　A. That B. What C. It D. As ‎　　2. Barack Obama delivered a speech to 500 local youths during his visit to China, many of _______ were from ‎　　Fudan University and Tongji‎ ‎University.‎ ‎　　A. them B. whom C. which D. those ‎　　3.Most of us still wonder _______ it is _______ makes those honest peasant workers, without being paid at all, resign themselves to the bosses.‎ ‎　　A. what; that B. /; what C. that; what D. /; that ‎　　4. — Join us in the party tonight, would you?‎ ‎　　— Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t, ______ I ______ the content of some reports with my boss.‎ ‎　　A. for; have discussed B. because; will be discussing ‎　　C. before; discussed D. when; will have discussed ‎　　5.—I’m going to New York for further studies next term.‎ ‎　　—Congratulations! ________ you’re there, can you keep me e-mailed?‎ ‎　　A. As B. While C. Because D. If ‎　　6. Probably no man had more effects on the daily lives of people in the United States ________ Henry Ford ________.‎ ‎　　A. as; was B. than; was C. than; did D. as; did ‎　　7. There are a lot of students in the reading room, most of with their eyes on and their heads bent over their books.‎ ‎　　A.whom; fixing B.them; fixed C.whom; fixed D.them; fixing ‎　　8. Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons can’t be the only preparation for all of the situations ________ appear in the working world.‎ ‎　　A. where B. when C. that D. what ‎　　9. Faced with challenges, you should believe your courage is __________ makes a ‎ difference.‎ ‎　　A. that B. what C. which D. whatever ‎　　10. —Do you have any idea of rugby?‎ ‎　　—Abosolutely. It is a sport ______ players hold the ball and run with it.‎ ‎　　A. which B.when C.why D.where ‎　　11. What was it _________ caused the modem nations to change their mind _________ they should help to preserve the Roma’s history?‎ ‎　　A. /; why B. that; that C. that; / D. what; that ‎　　12. We went to the Lincoln Memorial yesterday, , not surprisingly, was crowded with visitors from all over the world. A.where B.which C.that D.when ‎　　13. It was the very place _________ the soldiers fought over sixty years ago. ‎　　A. that B. which C. where D. there ‎　　14. Hardly ______ when the bus suddenly pulled away.‎ ‎　　A. they had got to the bus stop B. they got to the bus stop ‎　　C. did they get to the bus stop D. had they got to the bus stop ‎　　15. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced______ tractors in 1998 as the year before.‎ ‎　　A. as many twice B. as twice as many C. twice as many D. twice as many as ‎　　16. You can fly to UK this morning _____ you don’t mind changing planes in Hong Kong.‎ ‎　　A. because B. provided C. unless D. so far as ‎　　17. It’s the same in China---many people, _____some are not overweight at all, are always going on diets ‎　　or taking weight-loss pills, ______ are often dangerous.‎ ‎　　A. whose; which B. of which; who C. of whom; which D. who; that ‎　　18. Is _________ 48 hours _________ the man-made satellite _________ is made in our country to orbit the planet around?‎ ‎　　A. it; that; where B. it; when; that C. it for; that it takes; that D. it; that it takes; which ‎　　19.Is _________ 48 hours _________ the man-made satellite _________ is made in our country to orbit the planet around?‎ ‎　　A. it; that; where B. it; when; that C. it for; that it takes; that D. it; that it takes; which ‎　　20. _____ occurred to me that the murder happened ____ a rainy day.‎ ‎　　A. What; in B. What; on C. It; in D. It; on ‎21. The old man has a son and two daughters, ______ treating him well, ______ makes him sad.‎ ‎　　A. none of them; which B. and none of whom; that ‎　　C. none of whom; which D. and none of them; that ‎　　22. Many experts hold the view ____ teachers’ development is _____the key to better education lies.‎ ‎　　A. which; where B. which; what C. that; where D. that; which ‎　　23. Was it in Disneyland, ______ many cartoon characters can be seen, ______ the film was set?‎ ‎　　A. that; where B. that; when C. in which; where D. where; that ‎　　24. the world economy is in difficulty, we can see, the people of China are full of hope.‎ ‎　　A.As;/ B.Because;which C.Though;as D.With;/‎ ‎　　25.The reason______ being late for the meeting was______ his little son fell ill this morning.‎ ‎　　A. for, that B. why, that C. for, because D. why, because ‎　　26._______ she had time to realize what was happening, she was hit on the head.‎ ‎　　A. Since B. Before C. When D. Until ‎　　27. What impresses me most is ______ he appears in front of others, he wears a sincere and charming smile.‎ ‎　　A. what B. which C. that where D. that whenever ‎　　28.______ I failed in English a third time, I had no doubt about my gift for foreign languages.‎ ‎　　A. By the time B. Until C. After D. Unless ‎　　29 In the past few years, “My Heart Will Go On” was a popular song among young people, __________ were often heard singing it at parties.‎ ‎　　A. who B. which C. they D.that ‎　　30.The question came up at the meeting ______ we had enough money for our research. 高.‎ ‎　　A. whether B. that C. which D. what 高.考.资.源.网 ‎　　31.Faced with trouble or difficulty，a person takes help that is available.‎ ‎　　A.whatever B.whenever C.wherever D.however ‎　　32.____ you have expressed your determination , you should act immediately.‎ ‎　　A. Now that B. Even though C. In order that D. Until ‎　　33.You’d better give the task to_______ you think can finish it ahead of time.‎ ‎　　A. whoever B. whomever C. anyone D. no matter who ‎　　34.—It’s a long time __________I saw you last.‎ ‎　　—Yes, and what a pity it is that it will be another year_______ we see each other again.‎ ‎　　A. before;since B. since; when C.since;before D. when;before ‎　　35.Japanese scientists said “Our dream is to create(clone)a mammoth(猛犸)， it is a big dream.”‎ ‎　　A. since B. because C. though D. however ‎　　36.The disease outbreak had infected 65 people by last Monday, 19 have died.‎ ‎　　A. with which B. of whom C. for whom D. in which ‎　　37._________ a small number of Australians are bitten by spiders each year, most recover without any medical treatment.‎ ‎　　A. While B. Unless C. When D. Because ‎　　38.—Will you go to Mary’s birthday party?‎ ‎　　—No. _____ invited, I can’t go. I’ll be too busy then.‎ ‎　　A. If B. Unless C. Even if D. When ‎　　39. annoyed him most was that he had received no apology.‎ ‎　　A.How B.Why C.What D.Which ‎　　40.—Do you think the weather will be all right this summer?‎ ‎　　—No, _______ we’re lucky. The newspaper says it’ll be very hot anyway.‎ ‎　　A. unless B. if C. though D. as ‎　　41.—When shall Janet return to work?‎ ‎　　—_________ she has totally recovered.‎ ‎　　A. If B. Since C. When D. Until ‎　　42.He had to be reminded two or three times ________ he could avoid making the same mistake.‎ ‎　　A. before B. when C. until D. as ‎　　43.I don't say I am against their plan. But the trouble is __ _ they do doesn't agree with what they say. 高.考.资.源.A. what that B. that what C. if what D. what if ‎　　44.It was shortly after that serious accident happened ______ all the people involved were caught and questioned.‎ ‎　　A. since B. that C. before D. when ‎　　45.Lucy was having a holiday with her friend in a national park ____ she was bitten on the foot by a snake.‎ ‎　　A. while B. since C. once D. when ‎　　46.____ you’ve tried it, you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.‎ ‎　　A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When ‎　　47.The game is not very difficult you understand the roles.‎ ‎　　A. until B. though C. once D. unless ‎　　48.The conference aims to develop business and let people think about ______ they can have a positive influence on the planet.‎ ‎　　A.why B.that C.what D.how ‎　　4927.Honesty is a kind of quality and that’s it takes to communicate with others successfully.‎ ‎　　A.what B.why C.how D.which ‎　　50. It was the training _______he had at school _______made him good jumper.‎ ‎　　A.what;what B.that;that C.what;that D.that;what ‎　　【参考答案】‎ ‎　　1-5BBABB 6-10CBCBD 11-15BBCDC 16-20BCDDD 21-25ACDCA ‎　　26-30BDBAA 31-35AAACC 36-40BACCA 41-45CABBD 46-50ACDAB