高中常见的词性转换及其派生高考必备

高中常见的词性转换及其派生高考必备

常用词词性转换及派生 词义 动词v.‎ 名词n.‎ 形容词adj.‎ 反义词 其他派生词 使能够 enable ability/disability able disable disabled/unable 不正常的 abnormal normal 缺席 absence absent 学术的 academy academic 加速 accelerate acceleration 接受 accept acceptance acceptable unacceptable 接进 access access ‎ accessible ‎ 住宿 accommodate accommodation 积累 accumulate accumulation 陪伴 accompany company 精确的 accuracy accurate inaccurate 达到，获得 achieve achievement achievable ‎ 获得，习得 acquire acquisition ‎ 表演，行动 act action /act /activity ‎ active inactive actual/actually 适应，改编 adapt adaptation 增加， ‎ add addition additional ‎ 足够 adequacy adequate 调整/使适应 adjust adjustment 敬佩 admire admiration admirable 承认 admit admission 收养，采纳 adopt adoption adopted 前进 advance advance advanced 好处 advantage disadvantage 事故 accident accidentally 使上瘾 ‎ addict ‎ addition ‎ addicted /addictive ‎ addict ‎ 做广告 advertise advertisement advertiser 影响,打动 affect effect 机构 agent agency 侵略，侵犯 aggression aggressive ‎ aggressor ‎ 农业 agriculture agricultural 同意 agree agreement agreeable ‎ disagree disagreement 分配 allocate allocation 允许 allow allowance ‎ allowable ‎ 使吃惊 amaze amazement amazing/amazed 抱负 ambition ambitious 逗乐、娱乐 amuse amusement amusing/amused 16‎ 分析 analyze analysis 生气 anger angry 通知 announce announcement 使烦恼 annoy annoyance annoying/annoyed 期望 anticipate anticipation 焦虑，焦急 anxiety anxious anxiously 鼓掌 applaud ‎ applause 约定 appoint appointment 道歉 apologize apology 出现 appear appearance ‎ disappear ‎ disappearance 申请 apply applicant ‎ application ‎ 欣赏 appreciate appreciation appreciable ‎ 靠近，方法 approach approach approachable 批准；认可 approve approval disapproval 争吵，争论 argue argument arguable ‎ 安排 arrange arrangement 到达 arrive arrival 评估，评价 assess assessment 帮助 assist assistant/assistance 联系 associate association 假定，假设 assume ‎ assumption 使惊讶 astonish astonishment astonishing(ed)‎ 运动员 athlete athletic 附上，依恋 attach ‎ attachment 吸引 attract attraction attractive unattractive attractively 知道的 awareness aware unaware 烤 bake bakery 平衡 balance balance balanced 以…为基础 base ‎ basis，base ‎ basic basement ‎ 洗澡 bathe bath bathtub 生，忍受 bear birth ‎ bearable ‎ unbearable birthday/birthplace 美化 beautify beauty beautiful beautifully 开始 begin beginner beginning ‎ 表现 behave behavior ‎ 相信 believe belief ‎ believable ‎ unbelievable believably 有益的 benefit beneficial 背叛 betray betrayal 盲的 blindness blind blindly 流血 bleed blood bloody ‎ bleeding(n.)‎ 16‎ 使烦闷 bore bored/boring 勇敢 bravery brave bravely 简洁的 brief briefly 打碎 break broken 呼吸 breathe breath breathless ‎ breathlessly 晒，烧 burn burnt 忙碌 business ‎ busy ‎ ‎ businessman 计算 calculate calculation 有能力的 capability/capacity capable 关心，喜欢 care ‎ care ‎ careful/careless carefully/carelessly 偶然的 casual casually 小心 caution caution cautious 庆祝 celebrate celebration celebrated celebrity ‎ 中心 centre central 挑战 challenge challenge challenging 改变 change change changeable ‎ unchangeable 特点 character characteristic（&n.）‎ 欢呼 cheer cheer cheerful ‎ cheerfully 化学 chemistry chemical chemist 小孩 child childish ‎ childhood ‎ 选择 choose choice chosen ‎ 文明的 civilize civilization civilized 澄清 clarify clarification 分类 classify class ‎ classic/ classical classification 靠近的 close ‎ closely ‎ 关闭 close close closed ‎ ‎ 收集 collect collection collective 结合 combine combination 舒适 comfort comfort comfortable uncomfortable discomfort ‎ 商业 commerce commercial 承诺 commit commitment 沟通 communicate communication communicative 陪伴 accompany company/companion 比较 compare comparison comparable ‎ comparative 赔偿 compensate compensation 竞争 compete competition/‎ competence ‎ competitive ‎ competitor ‎ 抱怨 complain complaint 16‎ 信心 confidence ‎ confident confidential ‎ 关心；有关 concern concern ‎ concerned ‎ unconcerned concerning ‎ 总结 conclude conclusion 指挥 conduct conductor 使混淆 confuse confusion confusing/confused 祝贺 congratulate congratulation 连接 connect connection connected 意识 consciousness conscious unconscious 后果 consequence consequent consequently 保存，保护 conserve conservation conservative 考虑 consider consideration considerate ‎ considerable ‎ 构建 construct construction 咨询 consult consultant 消耗 consume consumption 矛盾 contradict contradictory 贡献 contribute contribution 方便，便利 convenience convenient inconvenient inconveniently 习俗 convention conventional 使相信 convince convincing 纠正 correct correction correct 腐败 corruption corrupt 鼓励 encourage courage ‎ courageous discourage encouragement 覆盖 cover cover covered uncovered 创造 create creation ‎ creative creativity ‎ 犯罪 crime/ criminal criminal ‎ 批评的 criticize critic/criticism critical 拥挤的 crowd crowded 残忍 cruelty cruel 文化 culture cultural 好奇的 curiosity ‎ curious ‎ 骑自信车 cycle cyclist ‎ recycle ‎ 危险 endanger danger dangerous endangered 死 die death dead deadly 决定 decide decision decisive ‎ 宣布 declare declaration 装饰 decorate decoration 防卫，保护 defend defence 定义 define definition 故意的 deliberate deliberately 16‎ 高兴 delight ‎ delight delighted ‎ delightful ‎ 投递 deliver delivery 要求 demand demand demanding 否认，拒绝 deny denial 离开 depart departure 依赖 depend dependence dependent independent independence 沮丧 depress depression depressed 深 deepen ‎ depth ‎ deep deeply ‎ 描述 describe description 绝望的 desperation desperate desperately 破坏 destroy destruction 决定 determine determination determined 发展；晒相 develop development developed ‎ developing ‎ 献身，奉献 devote devotion devoted 区别,不同 differ、differentiate difference different differently 困难 difficulty difficult 指挥，指示 direct direction/director direct directly 使失望 disappoint disappointment disappointing(ed)‎ 使泄气 discourage ‎ discouragement discouraging(ed)‎ 发现 discover discovery 歧视，区分 discriminate discrimination 讨论 discuss discussion 恶心 disgust disgust disgusting/ed 距离 distance distant 分配 distribute distribution 打扰 disturb disturbing 分开，分成 divide division divided 捐献 donate donation 喝 drink drinker drunk ‎ 昏暗的 dusk dusky 灰尘 dust dusty 经济 economy economic/ economical ‎ economist ‎ 编辑 edit edition ‎ ‎ ‎ editor ‎ 教育 educate education/educator educational ‎ 年长的 elder elderly 选举 elect election 电 electricity electric/ electronic electrical ‎ 优雅 elegance elegant 16‎ 尴尬 embarrass embarrassment embarrassed/ing 紧急 emergency emergent 情绪 emotion emotional 强调 emphasize emphasis 雇用 employ employment employed unemployed employer(ee)‎ 鼓励 encourage encouragement encouraging/ed 结束 end end/ending endless 活力，能量 energy energetic ‎ 享受 enjoy enjoyment enjoyable ‎ joyful ‎ 扩大 enlarge large 询问 enquire enquiry 进入 enter entry/entrance 娱乐 entertain entertainment 热情 enthusiasm enthusiastic 环境 environment environmental environmentalist 嫉妒 envy envious 平等 equate/‎ equal equality equal unequal equally 设备 equip equipment 评估，评价 evaluate evaluation 迹象 evidence evident 进化 evolve evolution 确切 exact exactly 例外 exception except 使兴奋 excite excitement excited/exciting 展览，展出 exhibit exhibition 存在 exist ‎ existence 期望,预期 expect expectation expected ‎ unexpected unexpectedly 花费 expense expensive 经历 experience experience ‎ experienced ‎ 解释；说明 explain explanation 爆炸 explode explosion explosive ‎ 探索 explore exploration/explorer 暴露，揭示 expose exposure 出口 export export import 表达 express expression 延长，延伸 extend extension 极端的 extreme extremely 面对 face face facial ‎ 16‎ 失败 fail failure 忠诚 faith faithful 名声，名望 fame famous 时尚 fashion fashionable 感觉 feel feeling 最后 final finally 财政;金融 finance ‎ finance financial 牢固的 firm firmly 健康，适合 fitness fit 灵活的，有弹性的 flexibility flexible 流畅 fluency ‎ fluent fluently 雾 fog foggy 跟踪；跟着 follow following ‎ 愚弄 fool fool foolish 外国的 foreigner foreign 忘记 forget forgetfulness forgetful（健忘的）‎ forgettable(易忘记的)‎ unforgettable 运气 fortune ‎ fortunate ‎ unfortunate misfortune ‎ 建立 found foundation 脆弱 fragility fragile 芬芳 fragrance fragrant 自由 free freedom free ‎ freely 使结冰 freeze freezing ‎ frozen ‎ 频繁 frequency frequent frequently 朋友 friend friendly friendship 使惊恐 frighten fright frightened ‎/frightening 霜 frost frosty 乐趣 fun funny 陈设,布置 furnish furniture furnished ‎ well-furnished ‎ 大体的 general generally 慷慨 generosity generous 基因 gene genetic 礼物，才能 gift gifted 地球 globalize ‎ globe ‎ global ‎ globalization ‎ 光荣 glory glorious 统治；管理 govern ‎ governor ‎ government ‎ 优雅 grace graceful 16‎ 逐渐的 gradual gradually 毕业 graduate ‎ graduation ‎ graduate ‎ 感激 gratitude grateful 问候，招呼 greet greeting 成长，增长 grow growth ‎ 指导 guide guidance 内疚，罪行 guilt guilty 手 hand hand handy ‎ 快乐，幸福 happiness happy unhappy happily/unhappily 使变硬 harden hardship ‎ hard ‎ hard(adv) ‎ 伤害 harm harm harmful harmless 和谐 harmony harmonious ‎ 恨 hate hatred ‎ hateful ‎ 健康 health healthy healthily 听力 hear hearing 高 height ‎ high highly 高度地 帮助 help help helpful helpless ‎ 犹豫 hesitate hesitation hesitant 历史 history historic historical ‎ 诚实 honest honesty 希望 hope hope hopeful hopeless hopelessness ‎ 恐怖；惊恐 horror horrible horribly 幽默 humor humorous ‎ 饥饿 hunger hungry hungrily 身份 identify ‎ identity ‎ identification ‎ 无视，忽视 ignore ignorance ignorant 合法 legal illegal ‎ legally 说明，阐明 illustrate illustration 想像 imagine imagination ‎ imaginative imaginary（想象的） ‎ 模仿 imitate imitation 移民 immigrate immigration immigrant 重要 importance important unimportant 可能 possibility ‎ possible impossible impossibility ‎ 印象 impress ‎ impression impressive ‎ 提高；改良 improve improvement ‎ 包含，包括 include including 工业 industry ‎ industrial ‎ industrially ‎ 16‎ 感染 infect infection infected 膨胀，夸大 inflate inflation inflated 告知 inform information 伤害 injure injury injured 清白，无辜 innocence innocent 创新 innovate innovation 检查，视察 inspect inspection 鼓舞，激发 inspire inspiration inspired/inspiring 立刻 instant instant instantly 指示/教育 instruct instruction instructive instructor 保险 insure insurance 智力 intellect intellectual/intelligent intelligence 打算，想要 intend ‎ intention ‎ intentional ‎ 互动，相互作用 interact interaction 兴趣 interest ‎ interest interested/interesting 口译；解释 interpret interpretation ‎ interpreter ‎ 打断 interrupt interruption 采访 interview interviewer/ee 介绍，引进 introduce introduction ‎ 发明 invent invention inventor ‎ 调查 investigate investigation 邀请 invite invitation involve involvement involved 工作 job jobless ‎ 欢乐 joy joyful 判断 judge judge ‎ judgment ‎ 正义 justify justice 善良 kindness kind 知道 ‎ know knowledge ‎ known ‎ unknown well-known 大 enlarge large 笑 laugh laughter 懒惰 laziness ‎ lazy lazily 领导；引导 lead leader/leadership leading mislead（v) ‎ 学习 learn learner ‎ learned 长 lengthen ‎ length ‎ long 解放 liberate liberation/liberty 可能 like likely unlikely 有限的 limit limit limited limitaition 16‎ 文学 literature literary literally 生活 live life ‎ live/lively living/ alive ‎ 位于 locate location ‎ be located in 逻辑 logic logical illogical loosen loose loosely 损失；失败 lose loss ‎ lost ‎ 魔术，魔法 magician ‎ magic ‎ magic ‎ 成熟 mature immature 幸运 luck lucky 主要的 major ‎ major majority ‎ 管理 manage manager ‎ management ‎ 结婚 marry marriage ‎ married ‎ unmarried ‎ 药 medicine medical ‎ 大量 mass massive 意思 mean meaning 记忆 memorize memory memorial 精神的 mental mentally 仁慈 mercy merciful 把...搞乱 mess mess ‎ messy ‎ 迁移 migrate migration 最小量 minimum maximum 少数 minority ‎ minor ‎ 悲惨 misery miserable 误会 misunderstand misunderstanding misunderstood ‎ understand ‎ understanding(n.)‎ 错误 mistake mistake mistaken 道德的 moral immoral 刺激 motivate motivation motivated 山 mountain mountainous 移动;前进 move movement ‎ moving ‎ moved ‎ 泥 mud ‎ muddy 相乘 multiply multiple 谋杀 murder murder/murderer 音乐 music musical ‎ musician ‎ 神秘的 mystery mysterious 名字 name ‎ name ‎ namely(adv) ‎ 国家;民族 nation/ nationality national ‎ international ‎ 自然 nature natural ‎ unnatural naturally 必需的 necessity ‎ necessary unnecessary necessarily 谈判 negotiate negotiation 16‎ 紧张的 nerve ‎ nervous nervously ‎ 喧闹的 noise ‎ noisy noisily 正常的 normal abnormal normally 数量 number numerous 营养 nutrition nutritious 服从，听从 obey ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ disobey 物体，宾语 object objective 观察 observe observation observable 占据 occupy occupation occupied ‎ 冒犯 offend offence offensive defend ‎ 官方 office official officer 运作，操作 operate operation /operator operative cooperate 反对 oppose opposition opposite 选择 option optional ‎ 组织 organize organization organized ‎ organizer ‎ 起源 originate origin original ‎ 痛苦 ‎ ‎ pain painful painless 惊慌 panic panic panicky 参与 participate participation participant ‎ 耐心 patience patient impatient 和平 peace peaceful 表演，表现 perform performance performer 允许 permit permission 人 person personal ‎ personality ‎/personally ‎ 劝说 persuade persuasive 哲学的 philosophy philosophical 物理 physics physical 取悦 please pleasure pleased pleasant ‎ 毒药 poison poisonous ‎ 礼貌 politeness polite impolite 政治 politics political politician 污染 pollute pollution pollutant（污染物）‎ 流行 popularity popular 拥有，持有 ‎ possess possession ‎ 可能 possibility possible impossible 力量 power powerful 16‎ 实践 practice practice practical ‎ 祈祷 pray prayer 预测 predict prediction predictable ‎ unpredictable 宁愿，情愿 prefer preference preferable ‎ 准备 prepare preparation prepared ‎ unprepared 处方 prescribe prescription 展示 present presentation presenter ‎ 保护 preserve preservation 压力 press ‎ pressure 防止 prevent prevention preventable ‎ ‎ ‎ 价格 price priceless ‎ 优先 prior priority 监狱 prison prisoner 步骤 proceed ‎ procedure 生产 produce production productive ‎ product，producer 职业，专业 profession professional ‎ unprofessional professor ‎ 促进，提升 promote promotion 发音 pronounce pronunciation 建议 propose proposal 保护 protect protection protective ‎ protector 证明 prove proof ‎ 骄傲 pride proud 心理 psychology psychological psychologically 出版 publish publication 惩罚 punish punishment 困惑 puzzle puzzle puzzled/puzzling 资格 qualify ‎ qualification qualified ‎ unqualified ‎ 种族 race racial racism/racist ‎ 放射 radiation radioactive ‎ 反应 react reaction 意识，实现 realize realization real ‎ reality/really 理论 reason reason ‎ reasonable ‎ unreasonable 接收 receive receiver/ reception receipt/receptionist ‎ 意识 recognize recognition 推荐 recommend recommendation 恢复 recover recovery 提及，查阅 refer reference ‎ referee 16‎ 反射，反映 reflect reflection reflective 拒绝 refuse refusal 看作 regard regards regardless regarding 登记 register registration 规律 regulation ‎ regular irregular 拒绝 reject rejection 关系 relate relation related relative ‎/relationship 放松 relax relaxation relaxing，relaxed 有关系的 relevant irrelevant 依靠 rely reliability reliable ‎ unreliable 欣慰 relieve relief relieved 宗教 religion religious ‎ 剩余 remain remains remaining 移动 remove removal 代表 represent representative representative ‎ 要求 require requirement 解救、拯救 rescue rescue rescuer ‎ 相似 resemble resemblance 保存 reserve reservation 辞职 resign resignation 抵抗，排斥 resist resistance ‎ resistant ‎ irresistible 回应 respond response 责任 responsibility responsible irresponsible 尊敬 respect respect respectful ‎ respectable ‎ 方面 respect respective ‎ respectively ‎ 限制 restrict restriction restricted ‎ 退休 retire retirement retired 复习，评论 review/revise revision reviewer 修订 revise revision 抢劫 rob robbery 粗鲁，无礼 rudeness rude rudely 安全 safety safe 盐 salt salty 满足 satisfy satisfaction satisfied/satisfying ‎ satisfactory ‎ 缺乏的 scarce scarcely 吓唬 scare scared ‎ scary ‎ 科学 science scientific scientist 安全 secure ‎ security secure insecure 16‎ 选择 select selection selected ‎ 自己 self selfish ‎ unselfish selfless ‎ 感官 sense sensitive ‎ insensitive sensitivity ‎ 分开 separate separation separately 为…服务 serve service servant ‎ 安定，居住 settle settlement settled ‎ settler ‎ severity severe severely 羞愧，羞耻 shame shameful ‎ shameless ashamed ‎ 尖，锋利 sharpen sharpener ‎ sharp sharply 刮 shave shaver ‎ 疾病 sick sickness 看见 see sight insight(n) ‎ 签字 sign signal/signature 重要 significance significant 安静 silence silent 相似 similarity similar 简单 simplify ‎ simplification simple simply ‎ 真诚 sincerity sincere sincerely 技巧 skill skilled/skillful 奴隶 slave ‎ slave slavery ‎ 睡觉 sleep sleep sleepy ‎ 闻 smell smelly 顺利 smooth smoothly 下雪 snow snowy 社会 socialize ‎ society social ‎ socialist, socialism 解决 solve solution 悲伤 sorrow ‎ sorrowful 特别的 specialist ‎ special specialize ‎ 精神 spirit spiritual 稳定 stability stable 污点 stain stainless ‎（使）挨饿 starve starvation 陈述 state statement statesman ‎ 储藏 store storage ‎ store(n) ‎ 陌生的 stranger strange 强，有力 strengthen ‎ strength ‎ strong 压力 stress stress stressed ‎ stressful ‎ 风格 style stylish ‎ stylist ‎ 主体 subject subjective 16‎ 顺从 submit submission 订阅 subscribe subscription 成功 succeed success successful 遭受 suffer suffering ‎ 建议 suggest suggestion 适合 suit suitable 总结 summarize summary 卓越的 ‎ superior super/superb ‎/superior 支持 support support supportive ‎ supporter ‎ 围绕 surround surroundings ‎ surrounding ‎ 幸存 survive survival survivor ‎ 象征 symbolize symbol symbolic ‎ 同情 sympathize sympathy sympathetic 系统 system systematic ‎ 口味，品味 taste ‎ taste tasty tasteless 技术 technique technical ‎ technology ‎ 倾向 tend tendency 紧张 tension tense 恐怖 terrify ‎ terror terrified/terrifying terrorism/terrorist 理论 theory theoretical 盗窃 thief theft 渴 thirst ‎ thirsty ‎ 想，思想 think thought thoughtful ‎ thinking ‎ 威胁 threaten threat 使兴奋 thrill thriller thrilled ‎ thrilling ‎ 使劳累 tire tiredness tiring, tired ‎ tiresome 忍受 tolerate tolerance/toleration tolerant/ tolerable ‎ intolerant ‎/intolerable 触摸 touch ‎ touch touched ‎ touching ‎ 旅游,巡演 ‎ tour tour tourism/tourist ‎ 传统 tradition traditional 变形，变化 transform transformation transformer 翻译 translate translation translator 对待，治疗 treat treat /treatment ‎ treaty ‎ 麻烦 trouble troublesome 真实的 trust ‎ truth ‎ true ‎ truly ‎ 尝试，审讯 try trial 麻烦 trouble troublesome 16‎ 真实的 truth true truly 类别 type typical ‎ typist 理解 understand understanding understandable 宇宙 universe universal ‎ university ‎ 催促 urge urge urgent 使用 use use ‎ useful/useless user ‎ 通常 usual usually 有效的 validity ‎ valid invalid ‎ 价值 value ‎ value valuable ‎ valueless Invaluable ‎ 类别 vary ‎ variety various 违反，触犯 violate violation 暴力 violence violent violently 火山 volcano volcanic 志愿 volunteer volunteer ‎ voluntary ‎ voluntarily ‎ 侍候 wait waiting waiter/waitress 温暖 warm ‎ warmth warm 警告 warn warning 浪费 waste ‎ waste ‎ waste ‎ wasteful ‎ 挥动 wave ‎ wave ‎ wavy ‎ 弱 weaken ‎ weakness ‎ weak ‎ 财富 wealth wealthy 每周 week weekly 疲惫 wear worn 重量 weigh weight 宽 widen ‎ width ‎ wide widespread 愿意 will ‎ will ‎ willing ‎ unwilling unwillingness 智慧的 wisdom wise 皱纹 wrinkle wrinkled 奇迹 wonder ‎ wonder wonderful 木 wood wooden 羊毛 wool woolen 担心 worry worry worried 糟糕的 worse worsen 价值 worth worthless ‎ worthwhile/worthy 伤害 wound wound wounded 年轻 youth ‎ young youngster ‎ 拉链 zip ‎ zipper ‎ 16‎