高考英语重点词汇词组辨析

高考英语重点词汇词组辨析

高中英语重点词汇、词组辨析 ‎1. above all, after all, at all, in all above all表示“最重要，首先”，常置于句首或句中，作插入语，起强调作用。‎ Above all, we have won the game.‎ after all表示“毕竟，终究，终归，到底”，在句中位置较灵活。‎ Jessica has turned out to be a nice girl after all.‎ at all表示“根本”。‎ I don’t like Mexican food at all.‎ in all表示“总共”，既可放在句首，也可放在句末。‎ We have learned 2500 English words in all.‎ ‎2. accept, receive accept表示“接受”的意思，是有意识的。‎ I’ve received a gift from him, but I’m not going to accept it.‎ receive表示“收到”的意思，是无意识的。‎ Did you receive any letters today?‎ ‎3. add, add to, add...to, add up to add表示“增加，添加，计算……总和，补充说”。‎ If the water is too cold, add some more hot water.‎ add to表示“增添，增加，增进”。‎ The heavy snow added to our difficulties.‎ add...to表示“把……加到……”。‎ Add ten to forty, and you will get fifty.‎ add up to表示“合计达到”，该短语不用于被动语态。‎ All his school education added up to no more than one year.‎ ‎4. admit sb./sth. to..., admit of, admit to admit sb./sth. to表示“……允许某人或某物进入某处”。‎ This visa will admit you to that country.‎ admit of表示“容许有，有……可能，容有……余地”。‎ The facts admit of no other explanation admit to表示“承认”。‎ She admitted to stealing the keys.‎ ‎5. agree on, agree to, agree with, agree that agree on表示“就……取得一致意见”。‎ We couldn’t agree on what to buy.‎ agree to有两层含义和用法：‎ ‎(1)to作为动词不定式符号，其后面跟动词原形，表示“同意做某事”。‎ They agreed to meet on Sunday.‎ ‎(2)to作为介词，之后跟表示计划、条件、建议等一类的名词或代词。‎ The manager has agreed to our plan.‎ agree with表示“同意某人意见”，其后可跟表示人的名词或代词。‎ We didn’t agree with what she said at the meeting.‎ agree that表示“认为……”，其后跟宾语从句。‎ We agreed that they would deliver the sofa in the morning.‎ ‎6. alone, lonely alone = by oneself, without others表示“独自一人”，可作表语和宾补。‎ He went to the separate island all alone.‎ lonely表示“孤独，寂寞”，主观上渴望有伴。若指地方，则表示“人迹罕至的，荒凉的，偏僻的”，可作定语或表语。‎ The old man was alone in the house on the top of the hill, but he didn’t feel lonely.‎ ‎7. a number of, the number of a number of表示“许多”，谓语动词用复数。‎ A number of visitors pay a visit to the museum every day.‎ the number of表示“……的数目”，谓语动词用单数。‎ The number of pandas is increasing.‎ ‎8. arrive, get, reach arrive表示“达到，抵达”，不及物动词，后接in (大地点)，at (小地点)。‎ When will you arrive in London, Mr. Wallace?‎ get表示“到达，抵达”，不及物动词，后接to。‎ When we got to the airport, the flight had taken off.‎ reach表示“到达，抵达”，及物动词。‎ His letter reached me this morning.‎ ‎9. at the age of, by the age of at the age of表示“在……岁时”。‎ She published a book at the age of ten.‎ by the age of表示“到……岁的时候，在……岁以前”。‎ By the age of sixteen, he had won ten gold metals.‎ ‎10. at the beginning, in the beginning at the beginning表示“在……，在初……开始的时候”，常与of连用。‎ All of us should be careful with our work at the beginning of term.‎ in the beginning表示“起初，首先”，相当于at first。‎ In the beginning, some of us took no interest in this game.‎ ‎11. ashamed, shameful ashamed表示“感到羞耻，觉得惭愧，不好意思”，指主观认为是可耻的。‎ He was ashamed of losing his wife’s necklace the other day.‎ shameful表示“不可饶恕，可耻”，指事物本身的客观性质是可耻的。‎ To steal money from a blind person is a shameful act.‎ ‎12. be anxious to, be anxious for, be anxious about be anxious to表示“急于，渴望”，其中to是不定式符号，后面接动词原形。‎ We are anxious to know the result of the examination.‎ be anxious for表示“渴望”，后面接名词或代词时，强调渴望得到某物或渴望了解某事。‎ The young lady was anxious for a diamond necklace.‎ be anxious about表示“对……感到不安，为……担心，为……忧虑”。‎ She was anxious about her lost son.‎ ‎13. believe, believe in believe表示“相信(事物的真实性，人的诚实)”。‎ I don’t believe you.‎ believe in表示“信奉，信仰，信任”。‎ We believe in him.‎ ‎14. be made of, be made from, be made in, be made by, be made up of be made of表示“由……制成”，指从原料到制成品，强调形状变化，并无本质变化(属物理变化)。‎ This table is made of wood.‎ be made from表示“由……制成”，指从原料到制成品，强调质的变化，并已无法复原(属化学变化)。‎ Paper is made from wood.‎ be made in表示“某物何时制造的”或“何地产的”。‎ This bike was made in Shanghai.‎ be made by表示“由……制做”，后面接指人的名词或代词，强调动作的执行者。‎ The kite was made by my brother.‎ be made up of表示“由……构成(组成)”。‎ The football team is made up of 12 members.‎ ‎15. be pleased with, be pleased at/about, be pleased to be pleased with表示“对……满意，喜欢……”，后面通常接指人的名词或代词。‎ The president was pleased with all of his men in his company.‎ be pleased at/about表示“对看到或听到的事感到高兴”，后面接指事的名词或v-ing。‎ I am pleased at seeing so many students present.‎ be pleased to表示“很高兴或很乐意做某事”，其中to是不定式符号，后面接动词原形。‎ My boss must be pleased to see you again in Moscow.‎ ‎16. be tired of, be tired with be tired of表示“对某事感到厌烦，厌倦”。‎ I’m tired of standing in the wind, doing nothing.‎ be tired with表示“因为……而累了”。‎ She is tired with running a long time.‎ ‎17. besides, except, except for besides表示“除了……(包括在内)”。‎ Besides chocolate and fruit juice, we need bread and eggs.‎ except表示“除了……(不包括在内)”。‎ Every one of us, except him, went to the theatre for The Twelfth Night.‎ except for表示“整体……除了某一点以外”。‎ The essay is good except for a few mistakes.‎ ‎18. be sure to do, be sure of doing be sure to do表示“一定的；必定的”，主语可为sb.或sth.。‎ We are sure to benefit from the new production.‎ be sure of doing表示“确信的；肯定的”，主语只能为sb.。‎ He is sure of offering you his help.‎ ‎19. big, huge, large, vast big表示“尺度、重量、容积等大”。‎ Our room is bigger than theirs.‎ huge表示“体积大(还可指超越一定标准的大)”。‎ That little boy was given a huge piece of cake.‎ large表示“面积大，范围大，数目大”。‎ Police discovered a large quantity of drugs in the van.‎ vast表示“范围、地域大、巨大的”。(也可指数目巨大的)‎ There are vast forest areas along the Amazon River.‎ ‎20. best, hit, strike beat表示“连续性地击打”。(指无规律的击打)‎ The rain beat against the windows.‎ hit表示“打中，对准打”。‎ He hit me with his hand.‎ strike表示“重击、打一下或若干下”。(指有规律的撞击)‎ The clock struck 12 when we arrived the church..‎ ‎21. blow down, blow off, blow out blow down表示“吹倒，刮倒”。‎ The strong winds yesterday blew down thousands of trees.‎ blow off表示“吹掉，炸掉，发泄”。‎ A gust of wind blew off all the papers on the table.‎ blow out表示“吹熄，使熄灭”。‎ Emma blew out the candle.‎ ‎22. break away from, break down, break into, break out,‎ break away from表示“脱离，摆脱”。‎ Some members broke away to form a new political party.‎ break down表示“(机器等)出毛病、出故障”。‎ My car broke down on the way to work yesterday.‎ break into表示“破门而入”。‎ The office has been broken into twice since Christmas.‎ break out表示“(火灾、战争、疾病、打斗)突然爆发”。‎ A fight broke out among the crowd.‎ ‎23. bring in, bring on, bring out bring in表示“引来，引进，吸收”。‎ The new film has brought in millions of dollars.‎ bring on表示“使发生，引起”。‎ Headaches are often brought on by stress.‎ bring out表示“取出，说出，阐明，出版, 推出、生产出”。‎ They have just brought out a new, smaller phone.‎ ‎24. care, care about, care for, care to care表示“在意，关心，顾虑，照顾，喜爱”，但其后通常接从句。‎ I don’t care where you have been.‎ care about表示“关心，计较，在乎”，一般用于否定句。‎ He cares deeply about the environment.‎ care for表示“关心，照料，喜欢，愿意”，一般用于肯定句或疑问句。‎ Who will care for your children when you are away?‎ care to表示“愿意，欲望”，后接动词原形。‎ Would you care to join us for dinner?‎ ‎25. carry away, carry off, carry on, carry out carry away表示“使倾倒，使激动得失去控制”。‎ The music carried him away.‎ carry off表示“叼走，夺走”。‎ He carried off three gold medals in the Olympics.‎ carry on表示“继续进行”。‎ The doctors have warned him but he just carried on drinking.‎ carry out表示“实施，遵守”。‎ He carried out his promise to give up smoking.‎ ‎26. 与come相关的词组辨析 come about表示“发生”。‎ How did it come about?‎ come across表示“偶遇，碰到(=come upon)”。‎ We’ve just come across an old friend we haven’t seen for ages.‎ come along表示“进展，进步，进行”。‎ How’s your work coming along?‎ come around表示“拜访，改变观点，同意(原来反对的)观点(或计划)，发生、恢复知觉”。‎ I’m sure she’ll come around to our view eventually.‎ come down表示“传递，传给”。‎ The song comes down to us from the 20th century.‎ come into表示“开始，进入”。‎ A small town came into sight as we turned the last corner.‎ come out表示“(照片上)显露，结果是”。‎ The stars came out as soon as darkness fell.‎ come round表示“恢复知觉，苏醒过来”。‎ Leave him alone and he’ll soon come round.‎ come to表示“涉及，谈及”。‎ When it comes to business I know nothing.‎ come up表示“走进，接近，抬头，上来，上升”。‎ The issue of security came up at the meeting yesterday.‎ come up with表示“想出(计划、回答)，作出(反应)，产生”。‎ He couldn’t come up with a good scheme to make money.‎ ‎27. compare...to, compare...with compare...to表示“把……比作……”，着重注意两者间的相似点。‎ This essay compares our country to a big family.‎ compare...with表示“把……与……相比”，侧重指两者间的区别。‎ Compare this story with that one, and you will find the differences between them.‎ ‎28. consider...as, consider doing, consider...to be consider...as表示“把(某人)看作”。‎ Today, Abraham Lincoln is considered as one of the greatest of all American presidents.‎ consider doing表示“考虑做某事”。‎ Have you considered having a jog in the morning?‎ consider...to be表示“把……看作是”。‎ The people had considered him to be a great leader.‎ ‎29. cross, across, crossing cross作动词用时，表示“横过”。‎ They are crossing the river.‎ across可作介词或副词，表示“横穿，横过”。‎ The Bank of China is across the street.‎ crossing表示“横穿，交叉，十字路口，人行横道”。‎ Those children are standing at a crossing waiting for their school bus.‎ ‎30.cut down, cut in, cut off, cut up, cut through cut down表示“砍倒，(疾病等)夺去生命”。‎ That old man has cut this tree down.‎ cut in表示“插嘴，插入”。‎ Don’t cut in when they have a talk.‎ cut off表示“切断”。‎ Many towns had their water supply cut off because there was no electricity.‎ cut up表示“切割开来，切碎，使难过”。‎ I am cutting the wood up.‎ cut through表示“剪断，凿穿”。‎ The army was called in to cut through fallen trees and to help clear the roads and paths.‎ ‎31. damage, destroy, ruin damage表示“损坏，破坏”，毁坏的程度通常是可以修补的。‎ The earthquake damaged several buildings.‎ destroy表示“破坏，摧毁，消灭，毁灭”，毁坏的程度是不能修补的。‎ The big fire destroyed the whole building.‎ ruin表示“毁灭”，把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度。‎ The storm has ruined all the crops here.‎ ‎32. discover, find, find out, invent,‎ discover表示“发现”，指偶然或经过努力发现原来客观存在但不为人所知的事物。‎ Columbus‎ discovered America in 1492.‎ find表示“找到，发现”，着重指找到的结果。‎ They finally found a way to solve the problem.‎ find out表示“找出，发现，查明(真相等)”，指经过研究或询问查明某事或真相。‎ Please find out when the ship sails for Sydney.‎ invent表示“发明”，指通过劳动运用聪明才智发明(创造)出以前从未存在过的新事物。‎ Who invented the computer?‎ ‎33. decide, determine decide表示经过考虑或讨论研究做出决定。‎ Our boss decided not to go to Egypt by ship.‎ determine表示决心已下，任何力量都动摇不了。‎ I determined to give him a chance.‎ ‎34. die away, die down, die out die away表示“(声音，怒火等)渐渐消失”。‎ His anger died away. (He was not angry.)‎ die down表示“(声音，怒火等)逐渐减小”。‎ His anger died down a little bit. (He was still angry.)‎ die out表示“(物种等)灭绝，不复存在”。‎ Many living things are facing the danger of dying out.‎ ‎35. everyday, every day everyday表示“日常的，通常的；每天的”，用作形容词。‎ Computers are now part of everyday life.‎ every day表示“每天”，用作副词。‎ This problem we should face every day.‎ ‎36. fall down, fall into, fall off, fall onto,‎ fall down表示“(人)跌倒，摔倒，绊倒”，用作不及物动词。‎ The old lady fell down in the street and broke her leg.‎ fall into表示“掉到……里，陷入(困难)”。‎ A car fell into the river while it is speeding on the bridge.‎ fall off表示“从……上落下，掉下，摔下”，用作及物动词。‎ The boy fell off a tree and broke the arm.‎ fall onto表示“掉到……上”。‎ The books fell off the desk onto the ground.‎ ‎37. feed...on, feed...to feed...on表示“用……喂……”，feed后接表示人或动物的词。(强调以…为主食)‎ I feed the dog on meat.‎ feed...to表示“将……喂给……”，feed后跟表示食物的词(强调“提供…”)。‎ What did you feed to the baby just now?‎ ‎38. fear, frighten fear表示“害怕……”。‎ He was shaking with fear.‎ frighten表示“使……害怕，使……吃惊”。‎ Does the spider frighten you?‎ ‎39. finally, at last, in the end finally表示“最后”，指某一动作发生的顺序是在最后。‎ She finally agreed with me.‎ at last表示“终于”，指经过一番曲折或努力之后某事才发生，强调其结果。‎ After a lot of difficulties, he succeeded at last.‎ in the end表示“最后”，指经过若干周折或努力而最后发生了某事。‎ We did experiment after experiment, and in the end we succeed.‎ ‎40. feel one’s way, fight one’s way, find one’s way feel one’s way表示“摸索着探路”。‎ The blind man felt his way with the stick.‎ fight one’s way表示“挣扎着前进”。‎ All of us fought our way out of the crowd.‎ find one’s way表示“找到路”。‎ How did your dog find its way here?‎ ‎41. fit, be fit for, be fit to fit表示“适合，合身”，主要指大小适合。‎ Your clothes fit well.‎ be fit for表示“适合，能胜任”，for后面接名词或-ing形式。‎ You are fit for this position in our company.‎ be fit to表示“适合，能胜任”，to为动词不定式符号，因此后面只能接动词原形。‎ The food is not fit to eat.‎ ‎42. forbid doing sth., forbid sb.to do sth.‎ forbid doing sth.表示“禁止，不许”，在无人称宾语的情况下用动名词作它的宾语。‎ We forbid smoking here.‎ forbid sb.to do sth.表示“禁止，不许”，在有人称宾语的情况下用不定式短语作其补语。‎ The snowstorm forbid us to go out.‎ ‎43. forget, leave forget表示“遗留”时，forget后只跟事物，不跟地点或场所。‎ That old lady always forgets her key.‎ leave表示“遗留”时，一定接地点场所。‎ My boss left his key at home this morning.‎ ‎44. forget doing, forget to do forget doing表示“忘记做过某事”。‎ He forgot turning the light off.‎ forget to do表示“忘记要去做某事”。‎ The light in the office is still on, he must have forgotten to turn it off.‎ ‎45. gather, collect gather表示“把分散的东西集中到一起”。‎ Gather your toys up.‎ collect表示“精心地、有选择地进行收集”。‎ He likes collecting coins and stamps.‎ ‎46. get in touch with, keep in touch with get in touch with表示“与……取得联络”，表动作。‎ I tried to get in touch with him in London, but failed.‎ keep in touch with表示“和……保持联络”，表状态。‎ Let’s keep in touch with each other.‎ ‎47. 与get有关的词组辨析 get along with表示“与……相处”。‎ We get along very well with each other.‎ get close to表示“接近”。‎ Don’t get close to that house.‎ get down to表示“开始认真做……”。‎ Once the reporters know what to write about, they get down to work.‎ get off表示“脱下”。‎ Jimmy got off his overcoat when he came in.‎ get married表示“结婚”。‎ The person getting married is a relative of my father’s.‎ get through表示“通过，拨通(电话)”。‎ I can’t get through for the line’s busy.‎ get together表示“聚会，联欢”。‎ We must get together some other time for a chat.‎ get into the habit of表示“染上……习惯”。‎ Nicotine is a drug that gets one into the habit of smoking.‎ ‎48. give away, give in, give out, give up,‎ give away表示“分发，泄露(秘密等)”。‎ The principal gave away the prizes at the sports meet.‎ give in表示“投降，屈服，让步”。‎ As neither of the two sides would give in, the agreement fell through.‎ give out表示“用完，耗尽，体力不支”。‎ After a long journey, the old man’s strength gave out and couldn’t walk any farther.‎ give up表示“放弃(念头、希望等)，停止，抛弃，认输”。‎ Never give up when you meet with some difficulties.‎ ‎49. go on to do sth., go on doing sth., go on with sth.‎ go on to do sth.表示“接着做另一件事”，即接下去做与原来不同的一件事。‎ After they had had their coffee, the students went on to do the exercises.‎ go on doing sth.表示“继续不停地做某事或间断后继续做原来没有做完的事”。‎ The kids went on talking and laughing all the way.‎ go on with sth.表示“间断后继续做原来没有做完的事”，其后一般接代词作宾语。‎ 通常情况下，go on doing sth.和go on with sth.可互换。‎ After a rest, we went on with our lesson.(After a rest, we went on having our lesson.)‎ ‎50. happen, take place happen表示“发生”，是无意识的。‎ When did the accident happen?‎ take place表示“举行”，是有意识的。‎ When will the wedding take place?‎ ‎51. hand down, hand in, hand out, hand over hand down表示“把……传下来”。‎ The story was handed down from one generation to another.‎ hand in表示“把……交上来，交给，递交”。‎ Time is up. Shall we go out for a dinner?‎ hand out表示“散发”。‎ The boy is handing out the paper now.‎ hand over表示“转交”或“移送”。‎ Please hand over this apple to your brother.‎ ‎52. 与have有关的词组辨析 have a good trip表示“一路顺风”。‎ Good luck. Have a good trip.‎ have a talk with表示“与……谈话”。‎ Alice‎ is having a talk with her tutor about her course.‎ have a seat表示“坐下”。‎ Come in and have a seat please.‎ have a word with表示“和……说句话”。‎ Could I have a word with you?‎ have...on表示“戴着，穿着”。‎ Having a black hat on, Chaplin carried a stick, which he used to swing in the air.‎ have sports表示“进行体育活动”。‎ Do you often have sports at school?‎ ‎53. have sb. do sth., have sb./sth. doing sth., have sth. done have sb. do sth.表示“使(让、请)某人做某事”。‎ The shopkeeper had the boy do this and that all the time.‎ have sb./sth. doing sth.表示“让某人(某事)一直做某事”。‎ The two cheats had their lights burning all night long.‎ have sth. done表示“(有意地)让他人为自己做某事”。‎ Adam will have a new suit made of this cloth.‎ ‎54. hear, hear from, hear of hear表示“听见，听到”，后面接名词、代词或宾语从句。‎ Can you hear some birds singing?‎ hear from表示“收到……来信，收到……来电”，后面接指人的名词或代词。‎ She hasn’t heard from her brother for a month.‎ hear of表示“听人说起，听说过，侧重于间接听说。‎ I’ve never heard of him.‎ ‎55. help sb. do sth., help sb. to do sth.‎ 二者均表示“帮助某人做某事”。‎ help sb. do sth.表示主语直接参与宾补的动作。‎ He helped me clean the table.‎ help sb. to do sth.表示不直接参与宾补的动作。‎ The dictionary will help you to learn English better.‎ ‎56. in place of, in the place of in place of表示“代替”。‎ He will come in place of me tomorrow.‎ in the place of表示“在……地方”。‎ A new stadium is built in the place of the old one.‎ ‎57. in order to, in order that in order to表示“为了……”，既可放在句首又可放在句末未来引导不定式短语。‎ In order to keep the insects out she shut the window.‎ in order that表示“为了……”，只能放在主句之后连接从句。‎ She shut the window in order that she might keep the insects out.‎ ‎58. in charge of, in the charge of in charge of表示“管理，负责照料”。‎ Mr. Wallace is in charge of the company.‎ in the charge of表示“由……照料”。‎ The firm is in the charge of her uncle.‎ ‎59. insist on, stick to insist on表示“坚持要求”，后常接doing。‎ The office boy insisted on his coming with us.‎ stick to表示“坚持”，后常接sth.。‎ He is the man who always sticks to his words.‎ ‎60. in surprise, to one’s surprise, by surprise in surprise表示“惊奇地”。‎ When he saw me, he was in surprise.‎ to one’s surprise表示“使某人吃惊的是”。‎ To my surprise, Tom didn’t pass his driving test.‎ by surprise表示“使……惊慌”。‎ The question took him by surprise.‎ ‎61. just, just now just表示“刚，刚刚”，多与完成时态连用。‎ They’ve just arrived at the airport.‎ just now表示“刚才”，强调过去的动作，所以与一般过去时态连用。‎ She ate a big apple just now.‎ ‎62. 与keep有关的词组辨析 keep back表示“阻止，阻挡”。‎ The police tried to keep the crowd back from the accident scene.‎ keep off表示“避开，不接近”。‎ Keep off the grass!‎ keep on表示“继续，保持”。‎ He just kept on writing.‎ keep in touch with表示“与……保持联系”。‎ Although many families became separated, people still kept in touch with each other.‎ keep out表示“关在门外，不准入内”。‎ This coat keeps out the wind.‎ keep out of表示“躲开，置身于……之外”。‎ Do you try to keep out of trouble!‎ keep up表示“保持”。‎ Keep up your spirits!‎ ‎63. keep doing sth., keep on doing sth.‎ keep doing sth.强调继续做某事。‎ He kept swimming in the river when the others got on the bank.‎ keep on doing sth.强调重复，一再做某事。‎ They kept on doing things even though I told them not to do.‎ ‎64. knock at/on, knock down, knock...into, knock into, ‎ knock at/on表示“轻轻而有节奏地敲”。它常用来表示“敲门/窗”等。‎ Who is knocking at the door?‎ Don’t knock on the window.‎ knock down表示“撞倒，打倒”。‎ Be careful with the standing fans. Don’t knock them down.‎ knock...into表示“把……插/撞/敲/打入……中”。‎ They knocked a stick into the earth.‎ knock into表示“撞在……上”。‎ Look out! Don’t knock into other cars.‎ ‎65. lately, recently lately表示“最近”，多用于否定和疑问句中。‎ We haven’t seen the old beggar in the street lately.‎ recently表示“最近”，多用于肯定句中。‎ Things got so bad recently.‎ ‎66. lay, lie lay表示“放好”或“放平”，其词形变化是：lay、laying、laid和laid。‎ Don’t lay your feet on the table.‎ lie表示“躺下”或“躺平”，其词形变化是：lie、lying、lay和lain。‎ She lay down on her back on the grass.‎ ‎67. like, love, enjoy like表示“喜欢，爱好”，指对某人某事赞许或发生兴趣，并积极参加活动。‎ I like reading.‎ love表示“爱好，爱”，表示深深的爱。‎ We love our country.‎ enjoy表示“喜爱，欣赏，享受”，广泛应用于从外界事物中得到喜悦，领略到乐趣。‎ I enjoyed the movie a lot.‎ ‎68. like doing sth., like to do sth.‎ like doing sth. 表达经常的爱好。‎ Most young people like swimming in summer.‎ like to do sth.表达一时的喜爱。‎ I’d like to go for a swimming this afternoon?‎ ‎69. living, alive living用于生物时，表示“活着的”。‎ The living are more important to us than the dead.‎ alive表示“活着的，在世的”，着重于状态。‎ The rabbit we caught is still alive.‎ ‎70. live by, live on live by表示“靠……(手段)谋生”。‎ Writers live by their pens while fishermen live by fishing.‎ live on表示“以……为主食，靠……过活”。‎ The sheep lived on grass.‎ ‎71. 与look有关的词组辨析 look after表示“照料”。‎ My neighbour looked after my cat while I was on holiday.‎ look back表示“回想，记起”。‎ From this time on, he never looked back.‎ look down on/upon表示“轻视，看不起”。‎ Women were looked down upon in many countries years ago.‎ look forward to表示“盼望，期待”。‎ I’m looking forward to seeing you this winter vacation.‎ look out表示“注意”。‎ Look out, there’s a car coming.‎ look up表示“查找”。‎ If you do not understand it, you can look it up in this dictionary.‎ ‎72. lose heart, lose one’s heart lose heart表示“灰心，失望”。‎ Don’t lose heart. Sooner or later you’ll succeed.‎ lose one’s heart表示“喜欢……，爱上……”。‎ He lost his heart to the puppy the first time he saw it.‎ ‎73. 与make有关的词组辨析 make a decision表示“作出决定”。‎ I’m told that they’ll meet again tomorrow and make a decision then.‎ make a good effort表示’作很大的努力。”‎ We made a good effort.‎ make a record表示“录制唱片”。‎ That famous singer’s made lots of records.‎ make a plan for表示“为……作计划”。‎ Now it is much easier to make plans for our trip.‎ make fun of表示“取笑某人”。‎ It is not polite to make fun of old people.‎ make progress表示“取得进步”。‎ Are you making great progress?‎ make...to one’s own measure表示“依照某人的尺雨做……”。‎ We’ll make for you to your own measure.‎ make up表示“编出”。‎ Make up a dialogue, using the following as a guide.‎ make up one’s mind表示“下决心”。‎ The manager hasn’t made up his mind yet.‎ make sure表示“查明，确信”。‎ We must make sure the time and place.‎ ‎74. make up one’s mind, read one’s mind, change one’s mind make up one’s mind表示“下定决心”。‎ She made up her mind not to speak anything at the meeting.‎ read one’s mind表示“看出心事，知道在想什么”。‎ I’ve known the young lady over there so long that I can read her mind.‎ change one’s mind表示“改变主意”。‎ Miss Blair changed her mind suddenly for no reason.‎ ‎75. manage to do, try to do manage to do表示“设法做成了某事”。‎ They finally managed to get there in time.‎ try to do表示“尽力去做某事(但不一定成功)”。‎ He tried to persuade his boss, but he failed.‎ ‎76. mean doing, mean to do mean doing表示“意味着”。‎ These new rules for our factory will mean working overtime.‎ mean to do表示“打算，想”。‎ I meant to go abroad for my further study, but my father disagreed.‎ ‎77. meeting, conference, gathering, party meeting表示“偶然的或拟定的，短暂的或持续的聚会”，可以用于两人或多人。‎ All the members of this club had a meeting last Friday.‎ conference表示“会谈，会议，谈判”，常用于就某个重大问题进行专门研究或交换意见的讨论会、协商会等。‎ Many reporters came to attend the press conference last month.‎ gathering一般表示“非正式的集会”，常用于群众性的活动(如联欢会等)。‎ There was a large gathering of people at the ceremony.‎ party表示“社交性或娱乐性的集会”。‎ Did you enjoy his birthday party?‎ ‎78. once, as soon as once表示“一旦……就……”，除含时间之意外，还表示“条件”。‎ Once he makes up his mind, he’ll never give it up.‎ as soon as表示“刚……就……”或“一……就……”，强调的只是时间。‎ As soon as I get to Washington, I’ll telephone you.‎ ‎79. pay for, pay back, pay off pay for表示“为……付钱”。‎ He paid ￡ 5 for the book.‎ pay back表示“还钱，但不一定还清”。‎ Have I paid you back the 20 you lent me?‎ pay off表示“还清债务”。‎ Miss Della paid off the debt ten years later.‎ ‎80. permit doing sth., permit to do sth.‎ permit doing sth.表示“允许”，无人称宾语。‎ Sorry, we don’t permit smoking in the lecture room.‎ permit to do sth.表示“允许”，有人称宾语。‎ Please permit me to say a few words to you.‎ ‎81. persuade sb.to do sth., advise sb.to do sth.‎ persuade sb.to do sth.表示“说服某人干某事”，其结果是成功的。‎ Tom persuaded his father to let him go abroad at last.‎ advise sb.to do sth.表示“劝说某人干某事”，其结果可能是劳而无功。‎ She advised her partners to go climbing, but they said no.‎ ‎82. put off, call off put off表示“推迟，拖延”。‎ The tennis match was put off because of the heavy rain.‎ call off表示“取消”。‎ The meeting has been called off.‎ ‎83. pick out, pick up pick out表示“挑出”。‎ She picked out a red sweater for me to try on.‎ pick up表示“接收”。‎ It is necessary to use a short-wave radio to pick up the program.‎ ‎84. point out, point to point out表示“指出”。‎ Can you point out my mistakes?‎ point to表示“指向，指着”，其中to表示方向。‎ She pointed to a plane flying overhead.‎ ‎85. 与put有关的词组辨析 put down表示“记下”。‎ Please put down what he said.‎ put...in prison表示“把……投进监狱”。‎ The police put this thief in prison.‎ put on weight表示“发福，增加体重”。‎ If you eat too much, you will put on weight very easily.‎ put out表示“扑灭，关熄”。‎ Please put out the fire before you go away.‎ put sb. to the trouble of表示“麻烦某人(做……)”。‎ I don’t want to put you to the trouble of doing that.‎ put up表示“贴(广告等)”。 ‎ Please write a notice and put it up.‎ ‎86. quiet, silent, still quiet表示“安静的，寂静的”。‎ Your father needs peace and quiet because he’s working.‎ silent表示“寂静的，沉默的”。‎ He always keeps silent when the others are playing around.‎ still表示“安静的，不动的”。‎ Stand still while I take your photo.‎ ‎87. road, street, way, path road表示“路，道路”。‎ A group of geese are walking along the road.‎ street表示“城镇、乡村两旁有建筑物的街道”。‎ Go along the street, and take the second turning on the left.‎ way表示“任何可以通行的路”。‎ How can I get there? I don’t know the way.‎ path表示“小路，小径”。‎ They walked along the path leading to the top of the hill.‎ ‎88. raise, rise raise表示“举起”，是及物的，它的反义词是lower。‎ The boy raised his model car from the ground.‎ rise表示“升起”或“爬起”，是不及物的，它的反义词是drop。‎ The sun rises in the east.‎ ‎89. remember doing, remember to do remember doing表示“记得做过某事”。(已做)‎ Don’t you remember seeing the young lady before?‎ remember to do表示“记得去做某事”。(未做)‎ Remember to go to the City Hall after work.‎ ‎90. regret doing, regret to do regret doing表示“对做过的事遗憾、后悔”。(已做)‎ I regretted missing the early bus.‎ regret to do表示“对要做的事遗憾”。(未做)‎ I regret to tell you that we can’t carry it out right now.‎ ‎91. search, search for, in search of, look for search表示“搜寻，查究”。search sb. 搜某人的身，search a place搜某个地方。‎ The policeman is searching a thief.‎ search for sb./sth.表示“搜寻、寻找某人、某物”。‎ The police searched for that man everywhere.‎ in search of中的search表示“寻找，寻求”。‎ They went to South Africa in search of gold.‎ look for表示“寻找”，没有search for注意力集中。‎ What are you looking for in the room?‎ ‎92. spend, take, pay spend表示“花费”。句型为sb. spend(s)some money(time)on sth.其主语一般是人。‎ I spent a week (on) finishing reading the book.‎ take表示“占用或花费时间”。句型为：It takes/took sb. sometime to do sth.‎ It took me fortnight days to travel to Cairo.‎ pay表示“付款，给……报酬”，一般与for搭配使用。‎ My father paid 1400 pounds for the laptop.‎ ‎93. stop doing, stop to do stop doing表示“停止做某事”。‎ Stop smoking please, young man.‎ stop to do表示“停止、中断做某事后去做另一件事。”‎ They stop to have a drink.‎ ‎94. sometimes, sometime, some time sometimes表示“有时”，指动作发生的不经常性，常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用。‎ Sometimes I have nap at company.‎ sometime表示“某时”，指时间上不确定的某一点，常用于过去时或将来时或将来时。‎ I saw Miss Nice sometime in December.‎ some time表示“一段时间”，在句中常与for, take等词连用。‎ I’ll stay in Paris for some time.‎ ‎95. 与take有关的词组辨析 take a look at表示“看一下”。‎ Can I take a look at your photo taken in Canada?‎ take a taxi表示“打的”。‎ My plane leaves at seven, so I think we’ll take a taxi to the airport.‎ take a photograph(of)表示“照一张相”。‎ A photographer is sent immediately to take photographs.‎ take along表示“随身携带”。‎ He took along some of his pictures in the hope of getting a job there.‎ take it easy表示“放心好了，别着急”。‎ Take it easy! I’ve just called the First Aid Centre.‎ take part in表示“参加”。‎ Every four years athletes all over the world take part in the Olympic Game.‎ take place表示“发生”。‎ The dialogue takes place at a restaurant.‎ take sides(in)表示“站在……一边”。‎ He took side in us.‎ take up表示“占去，占领”。‎ I think we should get this one, although it will take up more space in the room.‎ take the place of表示“代替，取代”。‎ Miller has taken the place of Miss Helen in the personal department.‎ ‎96. trip, journey, travel, tour trip表示“(短时间内往返的)商业旅行或观光旅行”，是非正式用语。‎ We went on a pleasant trip to Hong Kong during our vacation.‎ journey表示“由某一地点到另一地点的旅行，也指旅行的路程”，是比较正式的用语。‎ He made a long journey from Moscow to London.‎ travel表示“旅行，游历”，是最为普通的用语，但无路程的含义。‎ He came home after a year of travel.‎ tour表示“(访问多处的)观光旅行”。‎ They have gone on a tour.‎ ‎97. 与turn有关的词组辨析 turn down表示“关小，调低”。‎ Please turn the radio down, Tom.‎ turn...into...表示“把……变成……”。‎ If we cut down forests, we’ll turn the land into a desert.‎ turn off表示“关掉(水、电、收音机)”。‎ Before you leave, make sure the electricity is turned off.‎ turn out表示“出席、证明是，结果是”。‎ It turned out that she was a friend of my sister.‎ turn up表示“到达，出现”。‎ He didn’t turn up until it was dark.‎ turn over表示“翻动，耕翻”。‎ He turned over in bed all the time last night.‎ ‎98. try to do, try doing try to do表示“努力、企图做某事”，(表示目的)。‎ You must try to be more careful.‎ try doing表示“试验、试着做某事”(表示手段)。‎ She tried reading, but that could not make her forget her trouble.‎ ‎99. used to, be used to, get used to used to表示“过去常常(做某事)”，后接动词原形。‎ She used to stay up too late.‎ be used to表示“习惯于，适应”，后接名词、代词或v-ing，表示一种状态。‎ She is used to the life of the city.‎ get used to表示“习惯于”，指一个动作由不适应向适应的转变，其后接名词、代词或v-ing。‎ You’ll soon get used to the weather here.‎ ‎100. wear, have on, put on, dress wear主要用于穿衣服、戴眼镜(手套、首饰、帽)等，以强调“穿(戴)着”的状态。‎ Mr. Wood always wears sun glasses in summer.‎ have on表示“穿(戴)着”，同wear一样，也表状态，不能用于进行时态。‎ John has on a white shirt today.‎ put on着重强调“穿(戴)上”的动作。‎ I like to put on my hat and ear covers when I go out in winter.‎ dress既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，所接宾语是人而不是衣、帽等物。‎ The little girl can dress herself.‎