高考全国卷英语应用文写作讲解练习答案

高考全国卷英语应用文写作讲解练习答案

书信作文 格式例文：‎ ‎[书信作文写作模版1]‎ 1． 保持书信格式---地址，日期，称谓，落款 2． 根据内容确定文体----建议，劝说，说明，申请，投诉，介绍；商榷/讨论； 描绘/叙述；致谢，致歉…‎ 3． 牢记常用模版和句式 ‎ [寄信人地址,写信时间] → Lun Rinding ‎ ‎ Department of Computer Changwei College ‎ Weifang, Shandong 261000‎ ‎ China ‎ April 1, 2015‎ ‎[正式信函收信人姓名,地址]‎ Mr. Brain Smith,‎ Admissions Office,‎ Stanford University,‎ Stanford, Calif. 94305‎ U.S.A.‎ Dear Sir/Madam/Mr. Smith, [称谓]‎ ‎ Professor Shirley Sanderson of your university said when she was visiting our college that Stanford might be able to provide scholarships for a limited number of students from China to pursue postgraduate studies there next term. Since I expect to receive my bachelor's degree in June, I would appreciate being considered a candidate. [第一段：引入/说明写信原委；或叙前谊]‎ As you will notice from the enclosed data sheet, I am especially interested in computer science. You might like to know that during the past year I took all my elective courses in this field and wrote my thesis on traffic free city centers with computers. My knowledge and practical command of English is adequate. I've passed TOEFL and GRE with flying colors. [第二段：此段为信的主体，提出有关建议，劝说，说明，申请，投诉，介绍；商榷/讨论；描绘/叙述；致谢，致歉等等]‎ ‎ I would be grateful if you could give me a favorable consideration of my application for a scholarship. [第三段：此段表达愿望/希冀，进一步要求，祝愿…]‎ ‎ I look forward to hearing from you. [结束语]‎ ‎ Very truly yours,[礼貌落款]‎ ‎ Lun Rinding [签名] ‎ ‎[书信作文模板2]‎ 第一段：[引入/说明写信原委] ‎ ‎ *I’m writing in response to… (your advertisement of Oct.27 in China Daily/your suggestion/letter…)‎ ‎ *I’m writing at the suggestion of a friend who…‎ ‎ *I’m writing to offer my opinions on…/to apologize for…/complain ‎ about…/apply for…/recommend to ‎ *I would like to apply for...(a job/a position in your corporation)‎ ‎ *I’m interested in… ‎ ‎ *I’m very glad/pleased to know that…‎ ‎ *Knowing that…,‎ 第二段：As/Since/When…, (you…), I’m afraid that…/ I think that…/My suggestion is…Firstly，Secondly，Thirdly. [此段为信的主体，有关建议，劝说，说明，申请，投诉，介绍；商榷/讨论；描绘/叙述；致谢，致歉…须以“我”的口吻表述，因此应多用 “I’m afraid, I would like to, I was pleased, I shall be glad, I expect, I wonder, I hope, I propose/advise/suggest/want, I enjoy, I guess/believe, …”之类的用语，或用些被动句式如: “We/You are(It’s )supposed/assumed that…”, 另一常用代词是写信对象 “you” : As you will notice/find, As you know, ...]‎ 第三段：*I’m looking forward to your early reply / learning from you / your comments at your earliest convenience.‎ ‎ *Would you please let me know whether or not you would be willing to…I can be reached by phone/e-mail at65883879/siji123@sohu.com ‎ *I would be grateful if you could give me a favorable consideration of my application for a scholarship/ M.A. degree /the job…‎ ‎ *I hope you will /I shall appreciate it if you could give my application due consideration/consider….‎ ‎*Please let me know if you need any further information.‎ ‎*I enclose…(certificates in duplicates) / Enclosed are my resume and two reference letters…/documents..‎ ‎ *With my best/kind regards/wishes to you. /With love 书信作文十大类型 ‎1．投诉信（抱怨信）(Letter of Complaint)‎ ‎(1) 写作方法 ‎①首段：注意客观礼貌 a. 自我介绍；‎ b. 引出投诉内容 c. 表明目的要求。‎ ‎② 主体：展开说明投诉原因、具体理由或后果，注意内容充实，符合交际习惯。‎ a. 详细说明情况，中肯提出问题；‎ b. 提出改进建议，表明希望如何解决；‎ c. 拓展题目内容，尤其要强调问题不解决所带来的后果。‎ ‎③ 尾段：提出解决方案，不用展开，注意公平公正、礼貌原则。‎ a. 表达强烈愿望，希望上述问题得到迅速恰当的解决；‎ b. 有时可就问题的解决限定时间；‎ c. 对有关人员的努力表示感谢；‎ d. 希望尽快得到满意答复。 ‎ ‎(2) 写作流程图 ‎ ‎指出问题引起的后果 阐述问题发生的经过 提出批评及处理的意见或敦促对方采取措施 提出抱怨并表示遗憾 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 第一部分：提出抱怨并表示遗憾 套语：‎ ‎(1) 很抱歉打扰您，但我必须郑重提出投诉。‎ ‎ I am sorry to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a serious complaint.‎ ‎(2) 我很遗憾地告诉你投诉有关…….的事由。 ‎ ‎ I am sorry to tell you that there should be cause to complain about …‎ ‎(3) 我真的很讨厌抱怨，但最近有一件事情确实令人烦心。‎ ‎ I really hate to complain, but one thing is really disturbing now.‎ 第二部分：阐述问题发生的经过 套语：无 第三部分：指出问题引起的后果 套语：‎ ‎(1) 噪音影响我的睡眠，使得我在上班时间无法集中精力。结果这些天我已经搞错了好几次 ‎ The noise disturbs my sleep so that I can’t concentrate on my work during the work time, and as a result, I have made several mistakes these days.‎ ‎(2) 在这样（嘈杂）环境下我无法进行研究，我需要一间安静的房间。‎ For me this environment is very difficult to make studies and I need a quiet room.‎ 第四部分：提出批评及处理的意见或敦促对方采取措施 ‎ 套语：‎ ‎ (1) 我认为是你认识到……的时候了。‎ I think it’s high time that you realized ….‎ ‎ (2) 我们深知你们并不经常出错，但我们希望能确保这类差错不再发生。‎ We know that you are not generally careless, but we should like your assurance that this will not happen again.‎ ‎ (3) 我必须正告贵方，除非对目前状况采取措施，否则我将被迫诉诸法律。‎ ‎ I must warn you that unless you do something about the situation, I will be forced to ‎ take legal action.‎ ‎ (4) 坦率地所，我不再准备忍受这种状况。‎ Frankly, I am not prepared to put up with the situation any more.‎ ‎ (5) 如果您能尽快调查此事，我将不胜感激。期待您尽快回复。‎ I would be very grateful if you could look into the matter as soon as possible. And I am looking forward to an early reply.‎ 练一练 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Letter to the University President about the Library Service on Campus. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:‎ 假设你是李强，请你就本校图书馆的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及图书馆的藏书数量和更新状况、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。‎ ‎2. 咨询信 (Letter of Inquiry)‎ ‎(1) 写作方法 ‎① 首段：‎ a. 复述题目场景，表明写作目的；‎ b. 遵守礼貌原则，只问相关信息；‎ c. 简要介绍自己，表明写作目的。‎ ‎② 主体：‎ a. 询问具体问题，注意疑问句式；‎ b. 提供背景材料及询问原因；‎ c. 强调所需信息重要性；‎ d. 题目要求的内容均应涉及。‎ ‎③ 尾段：‎ a. 表明急切心情，提供联系方式；‎ b. 结尾彬彬有礼，表示诚挚谢意；‎ c. 希望得到对方帮助和合作。‎ ‎(2) 写作流程图 说明写信的目的 介绍背景 询问详情 表示谢意，期盼回复 第一部分：说明写信的目的 套语：‎ ‎(1) 我是……，暑期计划到贵校学习。‎ I am a …and planning to study in your university this summer.‎ ‎(2) 我是一名中国学生，想到贵校学习。我计划下个学期开始上课，如果您能告知一些必要的信息，我将不胜感激。‎ I am a Chinese student who wishes to study at your university. My plan is to start my course from the next term, and I would be grateful if it’s so kind of you to give me some essential information.‎ ‎(3) 我写信是要询问……‎ ‎ I’m writing to ask if …‎ 第二部分：介绍背景 套语：‎ ‎(1) 我获得 ……高校的……学士学位。毕业后便开始在……工作。‎ I received a Bachelor of …degree in…After graduation, I began working….‎ ‎(2) 是我的朋友建议我写这封信的 。他去年毕业于贵校，热情地向我推荐贵校。‎ ‎ I am writing at the suggestion of a friend who graduated from your university last year and has warmly recommended it to me.‎ ‎(3) 我已经取得了生物学学士学位，并希望能在贵校继续学习。‎ ‎  I have had a bachelor’s degree in biology and wish to continue my study at your university.‎ 第三部分：询问详情 套语：‎ ‎(1) 您能向我介绍一下贵校的……情况吗？‎ ‎ Could you please tell me something about your …?‎ ‎(2) 能否寄给我一份申请表及与申请有关的其他必要的材料？‎ ‎ Would you please send me an application form and other materials necessary for my application?‎ ‎(3) 您能尽快告知这些信息并邮寄给我相关表格吗？非常感谢！‎ ‎ Would you please send me all the information and the forms as soon as possible? Thank you very much.'_ki.9.k.i8 ‎ ‎(4) 如果你能告诉我那些必须经过的程序，我将不胜感激。‎ ‎ I would be much obliged to you if you let me know the procedures I have to go through.‎ 第四部分：表示谢意，期盼回复 套语：‎ ‎(1) 很抱歉打扰您，对您的友善帮助不胜感激。‎ ‎ Sorry to bother you, your kind help would be greatly appreciated.‎ ‎(2) 如果您能回复，我将感激不尽。‎ ‎ I will appreciate it very much if you can give me a reply.‎ 练一练 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Letter of Inquiry of Applying for an English Club. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:‎ 假设你是王梅，就申请加入英语俱乐部给俱乐部负责人写一封信，内容应涉及自己的基本情况，并咨询相关事宜，如入会方式、条件、会费、活动等。‎ ‎3. 建议信 (Letter of suggestion)‎ ‎(1) 建议信写作注意事项 ‎ 写作目的是提出建议或忠告。不是投诉信，观点要合情合理，注意礼貌当先。‎ ‎(2) 写作方法 ‎ ① 首段：‎ a. 简介自己，不要罗嗦；‎ b. 说明目的，注意语气。‎ ‎② 主体：‎ a. 提出具体建议；‎ b. 首先肯定优点，再写改进内容，否则变成投诉信；‎ c. 经常进行交流，注意对方感受，时时提到你和我，否则容易跑题写成议论文，因为内容与议论文相似。‎ ③ 尾段：总结建议，注意礼貌，易于接受。‎ ‎(3) 写作流程图 说明写信的目的 提出建议 介绍详情、说明原因 ‎ ‎ 提出希望采纳建议，并表示谢意，盼望回复 第一部分：说明写信的目的 套语：‎ ‎(1) 来信收到，得知你下个月要对中国进行一次为期十天的访问，我建议……‎ ‎ I have received your letter saying that you plan to have a visit to China for ten days next month. I recommend that…‎ ‎(2) 写此信是要提出我对饭店管理进一步提高和改进的建议——建立我们自己的网站来吸引更多的客户。‎ ‎ I am writing to you to present what I think on the further improvement of our hotel so as to establish a website of our own to attract more clients.‎ 第二部分：介绍详情、说明原因 套语：无 第三部分：提出建议 套语：‎ 我建议……‎ I’d like to suggest that…‎ May I suggest that…‎ In my opinion…‎ I would like to make a recommendation that…‎ I am writing to advise you of…‎ If I were you, I would…‎ 第四部分：提出希望采纳建议，并表示谢意，盼望回复 套语：‎ ‎(1) 对你就此事的关注不胜感激。‎ ‎ Thank you for your attention.‎ ‎(2) 请仔细考虑我的建议，谢谢。‎ ‎ Please take good consideration of my advice. Thanks.‎ 范文示例 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Suppose you are Zhang Ying. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the weeklong holiday. You should write at least 100 words according to the suggestions given below in Chinese.‎ ‎1、表示欢迎。 2、提出对度假安排的建议。 3、提醒应注意的事项。‎ A Letter to a Schoolmate Dear Xiao Wang,‎ I am very glad to know that you are soon coming to Beijing to join me in the summer holiday. I have been looking forward to your arrival.‎ Since you can stay in Beijing only for a week, I am afraid that you will have a tight schedule for visiting the numerous places of historic interest. My suggestion is that you first visit some famous places that you have the greatest interest in, such as the Palace Museum, the Summer Place, the Great Wall; then you can visit those places you think less important. I believe this kind of arrangement will make you have enough time to appreciate what you really want to see. Moreover if you really want to be a good traveler, I advise you to read some introductory books to these places before you come to see them with your own eyes. With more knowledge about these places, you will have a better understanding of Chinese history and culture.‎ I am eager to meet you soon. Wish you in advance a pleasant trip to Beijing.‎ Yours ever,‎ Zhang Ying 练一练 Directions: In this section, you are required to write a letter in reply to a friend’s inquiry about applying for admission to your college or university. You should write about 100 words and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:‎ ‎1. 建议报考的专业及理由； 2．报考该专业的基本条件； 3．应当如何备考。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4. 申请信 (Letter of Application)‎ ‎ (1) 申请信写作方法 ‎① 首段：‎ a. 自我介绍 a. 申请原因 b. 说明写信目的 ‎② 主体：‎ a. 详述有关背景资料：资历、教育、工作经历、兴趣爱好；‎ b. 询问有关学校、课程等具体内容。‎ ‎③ 尾段：‎ a. 强调上诉材料重要性；‎ b. 希望尽快得到满意答复；‎ c. 要求手册及申请表；‎ d. 表示感谢。‎ ‎(2) 写作流程图 恳请招聘单位或所申请的学校考虑自己的申请，并表示谢意，期望回复 说明申请职位或学位的原因 介绍自我（包括：学历、工作简历、在学校或工作单位表现）‎ 说明写信的目的 ‎ ‎ 第一部分：说明写信的目的 套语：‎ ‎(1) 兹申请刊登在……上的…….工作。‎ ‎ I am writing to apply for the post of … advertised in …‎ ‎(2) 见……上刊登的贵公司广告，我谨申请应聘贵公司的……职务。‎ ‎ In reply to your advertisement in …, I beg to apply for the post of … in your company.‎ ‎(3) 看到贵公司在报上招聘……的广告，我马上感到这正是我这段时间所要寻找的工作，并且我能胜任。‎ ‎ Immediately I saw your advertisement in the paper for …I felt it was just the kind of post for which I have the qualifications and for which I have been looking for some time.‎ ‎(4) 我想申请入贵校学习。‎ ‎ I would like to apply for admission to your college.‎ ‎(5) 我想在贵校……系继续深造。‎ ‎ I would like to further my studies in …department of your university.‎ 第二部分：介绍详情 套语：‎ ‎(1) 我的专业爱好是……，我了解贵校在上述领域有极好的计划。‎ ‎ My major interest is…, and I understand your university has a good program in those fields.‎ ‎(2) ……年，我出生于…….。 …….年，我毕业于…….大学…….专业。毕业后一直在 …….工作，因此积累了该领域丰富的知识和经验。‎ ‎ Born in …in…, I graduated from…University majoring in …I have been working in …since my graduation, and I have therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field.‎ ‎(3) 毕业后，我先担任……, 随后担任……，现任职于…….。‎ Upon graduation, I first worked as … The following job was …and currently I am working for …‎ ‎(4) 我现在就读于北京第二外国语学院，即将毕业于英语专业。‎ ‎ I am now studying at Beijing Second Foreign Language Institute and will soon be graduated as an English major.‎ 第三部分：说明申请职位或学位的原因 套语：‎ ‎(1) 贵公司目前从事的这种工作特别使我感兴趣。‎ ‎ The kind of work in which your company is engaged particularly interests me.‎ ‎(2) 我认为我具备了报上刊登的贵公司……一职所要求的必要条件和经验。‎ ‎ I feel I have the necessary qualifications and experience needed for the position of …advertised in the newspaper.‎ ‎(3) 对我来讲，这些经验加上我的学历，使我具备了担任贵公司……一职的条件。‎ ‎ It seems to me that this experience, together with my education, has given me ideal preparation to assume the role of …in a firm such as yours.‎ ‎(4) 受我所学课程的影响，我对饭店、酒店管理产生了浓厚的兴趣。‎ ‎ Under the influence of the courses I have taken, I have developed a special interest in Restaurant and Hotel Management.‎ 第四部分：恳请招聘单位或所申请的学校考虑自己的申请，并表示谢意，期望回复 套语：‎ ‎(1) 如能尽快回复，将不胜感激。‎ ‎ Your prompt response will be much appreciated.‎ ‎(2) 希望贵校能给我寄来空白申请表。‎ ‎ I hope you will kindly send me an application form.‎ ‎(3) 如能收到所需的申请表和有关入学的指南我将十分感激。‎ ‎ I would greatly appreciate receiving copies of the required application forms and any instructions you may be so kind as to give me regarding my possible admission.‎ ‎(4) 希望同意面试，届时我可以更详细地说明我的条件。‎ ‎ I hope I may be granted an interview, when I can explain my qualifications more fully.‎ ‎(5) 我将乐意在您方便时接受面试，届时我将进一步介绍自己。‎ ‎ I should be pleased to attend for an interview at your convenience, when I could give you further details concerning myself.‎ ‎* 写入学申请信与工作申请信有相似之初，特别要注意两点：一是不要过分奉承对方，二是不要自吹自擂。如不要所 I always studied well, and all my teachers loved me. 而应用自己学习成绩单、获奖情况、发表论文情况说明问题 范文示例 例1 入学申请 Dear Sir,‎ I should be very grateful if you would let me have information about admission to your university and details of any scholarships that may be offered to students from other countries.‎ I have finished my middle school studies here and hold a Middle School Graduation Certificate. Last year, I was elected to the school’s honor society. And I had been an editor of the school yearbook.‎ I would like to go to your university because it emphasizes learning. I also feel that it will provide me with greater opportunities to participate in extracurricular activities such dramatics and writing. I hope for a place for the next autumn.‎ I look forward to hearing from you soon.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours faithfully,‎ ‎ ×××‎ 例2 A Letter of Application for a Job May 25, 2004‎ Dear Sirs,‎ I am looking for a position in an engineering department in which I may use my training in computer science to solve engineering problems. I would be interested in exploring the possibility of obtaining such a position within your firm.‎ I expect to receive a Bachelor of Science degree in mechanical engineering from Tangshan Institute of Technology in June. Since September 1993 I have been participating, through my institute, in the Professional Training Program as Programmer Trainee and have gained a great deal of experience in computer applications. Details of the academic courses I have taken are contained in the enclosed resume.‎ May I have an appointment for an interview with you to discuss my qualifications in detail? Please write to me at my home or telephone me at 221701 any weekday.‎ ‎ Sincerely,‎ ‎ Zhang Lin 写作练习 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Letter of Application for a School Loan. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:‎ 假设你是高鹏，是英语系的一名新生，请你就申请助学贷款一事给学校有关部门写封申请信: 1．提出申请 2. 申请的理由 3.恳请批准 ‎ ‎ ‎5. 祝贺信 (Letter of Congratulations)‎ 日常生活中，无论是亲朋好友毕业、晋升、获奖、开业、还是订婚、结婚、生日，都需要写上一封信表示祝贺。信中应表示为对方而高兴。祝贺信应当充满真诚和热情，收信人读后会感到喜悦和振奋。祝贺信既可以正式写，也可以随便写，具体视场合而定。对不太熟悉的朋友适合正式写，以表示礼貌和尊重；对熟悉的朋友则可以随便一些。但无论采用哪种方式，祝贺信必须表达由衷的感情，而且写信要及时。下面将具体举例说明：‎ 范例1 祝贺毕业（ Congratulations on Graduation）‎ Dear Mrs. Taylor,‎ ‎ We hear that your son Paul has graduated from the notable M. I. T. with honors. You must be quite happy with his splendid accomplishment. He is doubtlessly a pride of your family.‎ ‎ We are very happy for you and wish to extend to you our utmost congratulations. I believe that the knowledge he has acquired will enable him to be successful in his future life. ‎ ‎ With best wishes to his success and happiness. ‎ ‎ Sincerely yours,‎ ‎ Mary ‎ 祝贺信模板 ‎ Date: ‎ Dear_______ ,‎ ‎(1)I have learned with delight that you______. (1)获悉值得祝贺的消息，‎ 说出祝贺事由 ‎(2)I would like to extend to you my utmost (2)表达祝贺 ‎ congratulations on __ __.‎ ‎(3)You must be very proud of your ______. (3)描述对方的心情 ‎(4)And I feel very happy for you. (4)表达自己的心情 ‎(5)____ _ is quite exciting news! (5)被祝贺人所取得的成绩 ‎(6)You are really__ . (6)对对方的赞美 ‎(7)I know this is surely owing to__ _ .(7)对方取得成绩的原因 (8)It is a reward you richly deserve for your __ . (8)对对方取得成绩的肯定，说出被祝贺人的优点 ‎(9)With your___ __, I am sure that you will be (9) 被祝贺人的优秀品质，表达对对方的祝福 a success in whatever you undertake. (10)Kindly let me (10)咨询对方的情况和时间 know when you____ _. ‎ ‎(11) I hope_ ___ (11)表达愿望 ‎(12)My best wishes for your further success. (12)表达自己真诚的祝福 Sincerely yours, Signature 写作练习： ‎ Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a good friend ‎ John, congratulating him on his admission to a famous university. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:‎ ‎1. 对朋友进入大学表示祝贺 ‎2．介绍大学生活和中学生活的异同 ‎3．对如何成功地过好大学生活提出自己的建议 ‎ ‎ ‎6. 介绍信 (Letter of Introduction)‎ ‎ 介绍信分私人介绍信和正式介绍信两种。私人介绍信是写信人向自己的亲友介绍第三者，语气比较随便，格式也不讲究。正式介绍信则是写信人因公把自己的同事或业务关系介绍给某单位或个人。这种介绍信，语言和格式比较规范、严谨。‎ ‎ (1)介绍信写作方法 ‎① 首段 a. 被介绍人的姓名和身份 b. 表明写作目的；‎ ‎② 主体: 说明事由，并且请求对介绍人提供帮助；‎ ‎③ 尾段: 要提前表示感谢 ‎* 公函对收信人的称呼一般以To Whom It May Concern或Dear Sir/Madam开头，私人介绍信可以直呼收信人的名字。‎ ‎(2) 写作流程图 说明写信的目的 ‎ ‎ 表示谢意，期盼回复 说明具体事由 ‎ ‎ 第一部分：说明写信的目的 套语：‎ ‎(1) 我写信是要报告…….。‎ ‎ I am writing to report……..‎ ‎(2) 我可以向您介绍…….吗？‎ ‎ May I introduce ……‎ ‎(3) 很高兴向您介绍我们纺织部的经理王有先生。‎ ‎ I am pleased to introduce Mr. Wang You, our manager of Textile Department.‎ ‎(4) 请允许我向您介绍持信人，杨菲小姐。她是我好友的女儿。她将去您所在的城市学习到这个月月底。 ‎ ‎ Allow me to introduce to you the bearer, Miss Yang Fei, daughter of an intimate friend of mine, who is going to your city to study toward the end of this month.‎ 第二部分：介绍具体事由 套语： 无 第三部分：表示谢意，期盼回复 套语：‎ ‎(1) 我十分感激您对杨菲的照顾，我想杨菲也是一样。‎ ‎ I’ll really appreciate any kindness you can show her, and I know Yang Fei herself will, too.‎ ‎(2) 如果你能出手相助，你将帮我一个大忙，谨致谢忱。‎ ‎ I shall consider it a great favor if you will kindly give me a helping hand. Thank you in advance.‎ ‎(3) 我对此事给您带来的不便深表歉意，期待您的回复。‎ I must apologize for any inconvenience caused and look forward to hearing from you.‎ 范文示例 例1 正式介绍信 To Whom It May Concern,‎ The bearer of this letter, Mr. Lee Graham, has for several years been interested in ‎ organizing camps for boys who can afford to spend only a small amount on their summer vacations. As he is considering locations for camps in Grass Mountain, I suggested that you were the man to help him, for you know every nook and corner of the place（你对该地十分熟悉）.‎ I shall be happy if you can assist Mr. Graham in any way. He is a find man and has a most worthwhile job on his hands.‎ ‎ Yours very truly,‎ ‎ X X X 例2 私人介绍信 July 30, 2004‎ Dear John,‎ ‎ My former roommate at college, Mark Chen, will be in Paris next month to study comparative literature under a scholarship. As you know, I’ve often wanted you two to meet, and this seems like an excellent opportunity.‎ ‎ Although Mark is a very serious student, he is one of the wittiest men I know—a good conversationalist in both French and English.‎ ‎ I’ve asked him to give you a call since he has no definite address as yet. I know how busy you are with your work, so please do not regard this as an obligation. But if you have any free time, do show Mark around a bit. I would never have taken this liberty had I not been sure you would enjoy the meeting.‎ ‎ I’ll really appreciate any kindness you can show him, and I know Mark himself will too.‎ ‎ Sincerely,‎ ‎ Charles 写作练习 最近，你校的校园网将开辟一个英语学习交流博客（blog）。请你根据下面的内容提示，为校园广播站写一篇广播稿，介绍这个博客，并欢迎同学们积极参与。‎ ‎1.时间：2015年6月1日开通；‎ ‎2.目的：促进交流，提高英语水平；‎ ‎3.内容：交流经验，提出问题，参与每周讨论等；‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎ 2. 请勿提及学校真实名称；‎ ‎ 3. 可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；‎ ‎7．感谢信 (Letter of Thanks)‎ 感谢信的写法没有固定的格式，目的是为他人给予自己的帮助、安慰、款待以及赠送礼物等而表示感谢。感谢信最主要的特点是真诚。缺乏真挚的感情答谢他人，收信人将对你的谢意产生怀疑，感谢的目的也就失去了。因此，写感谢信首先得真心诚意。感谢信另一个特点是具体。写感谢信切忌泛泛而谈，而应着重于具体的感谢事由。‎ 感谢信常用措词有：‎ I am deeply grateful to you for your kind help.‎ I can never thank you enough for the favor you did.‎ I thank you from the bottom of my heart for your kindness.‎ I have no words to thank you enough.‎ Be please to accept my warmest thanks for the great kindness you have shown to me.‎ 感谢信模板 Dear (1) ,‎ ‎ Thank you very much for (2) ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ .‎ ‎ Without your help (3) ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ .‎ ‎ (4) ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ . I appreciate it more than I can say.‎ ‎ Yours faithfully,‎ ‎ (5) ‎ ‎1． 称谓 ‎2． 具体原因 ‎3． 从反面说明 1． 结句 ‎5．落款 范文示例：‎ 例1 ‎ Dear Mr. Kelvin,‎ I feel I cannot let the occasion pass without writing a word of thanks for your very kind and acceptable thoughts in providing such a magnificent reunion dinner for us on the last Thursday evening.‎ I am sure that we all found the deliberations before the dinner extremely helpful, and I hope that your staff found the same.‎ ‎ We do hope that we will be able to build on the many friendships we made in Britain, and help to forge happy relationship between our two companies during future years.‎ ‎ Again with many thanks.‎ ‎ Sincerely yours,‎ ‎ Helen 例2 ‎ Dear Susan,‎ Now that I have become well enough to write, I want to express my sincere thanks not only to you, but also to your parents, for the kind treatment I received during my illness at your house.‎ I am afraid that my being ill must have given you a great deal of trouble, but I know your parents and you will forgive me for being a burden to you against my will. I hope it will be in my power some day to repay this great kindness, and I shall always remember it with feelings of the greatest gratitude.‎ Please give my best regards to your mamma and papa, and accept the same yourself from.‎ ‎ Your affectionate friend,‎ ‎ Frieda 写作练习 假设你叫李华，现是武汉大学的一名新生。请你根据以下提示，给你中学的英语老师李老师写一封感谢信，表达对他的爱戴和尊敬。‎ 提示：1．对老师教学的评价2．回顾在校时你的心情3．对老师的理解和祝愿。‎ 注意：词数100左右。信的开头已经写好，但不计入总词数。‎ ‎8. 邀请信 (Letter of Invitation)‎ ‎  (1) 写作注意事项 l 盛情邀请参加聚会、共度假期或访问家乡等；‎ l 建立密切联系，加强感情交流；‎ l 拓展相关内容，激发他人兴趣。‎ ‎ (2) 写作方法 ‎① 首段： 开门见山说明写作目的。‎ ‎② 主体：‎ a. 具体交代邀请原因；‎ b. 邀请内容：活动性质、时间、地点、日期；‎ c. 有关要求和希望 ‎③ 尾段：‎ a. 再次盛情邀请；‎ b. 希望尽快答复。‎ ‎ (3) 写作流程图 表示期待和感谢 说明活动地点和时间 说明事由 发出邀请 ‎ ‎ 第一部分：说明写作目的 套语：‎ ‎(1) 我怀着极其愉快的心情给您写信，诚恳地邀请您来……..‎ ‎ It is with the greatest pleasure that I write to cordially invite you to ….‎ ‎(2) 十分高兴能邀请您来……‎ ‎ It gives me the greatest pleasure to invite you to ……‎ ‎(3) 如果您能……我们将不胜感激。‎ ‎ We should be very grateful if you could ….‎ 第二部分：说明事由及活动地点和时间 套语：‎ ‎(1) 10月10日星期天网上8时您和史密斯夫人能来北京饭店与我们共进晚餐吗？‎ ‎ Will you and Mrs. Smith give the pleasure of dining with us at the Beijing Hotel on Sunday, October the tenth, at eight o’clock?‎ ‎(2) 10月10日星期天网上8时我们在北京饭店举办晚宴，届时您和史密斯夫人能光临吗？‎ ‎ There will be a dinner party to be held at the Beijing Hotel on Sunday, October the tenth, at eight o’clock. Will you and Mrs. Smith come and join us?‎ ‎ (3) 若您无其他安排，敬请光临我们在二月一号晚七点举办的英语晚会。‎ ‎ I hope that you have no previous engagement and can join us for the English Evening at 7:00 pm on February 1st.‎ 第三部分：表示期待和感谢 套语：‎ ‎(1) 殷切希望能够光临。‎ ‎ I do hope that you will be able to come.‎ ‎(2) 如果您能出席我们将欣喜万分。‎ ‎ We should be very pleased if you could honor us with your company.‎ 邀请信写作模板 Dear (1) ,‎ We would like to invite you to ((2) ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ .‎ Everyone is going to catch (3) ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ .‎ ‎ (4) ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ I hope you will be able to come.‎ Sincerely,‎ ‎(5) ‎ 1. 称谓 2. 具体说明邀请的原因 ‎ 3. 说明时间、地点、方式 ‎ 4. 结句 ‎ 5. 落款 范文示例 Dear Percy,‎ ‎ I will hold a dinner party at my house on September 10, 2005 to celebrate Mr. Guo Jing’s marriage with Miss Huang Rong. As you are a close friend of us, we would very much like you to participate in the celebration and share our joy.‎ ‎ The occasion will start at seven o’clock in the evening, with the showing of their wedding ceremony. This will be followed by a dinner party. At around ten, we will hold a small musical soiree, at which a band will perform some works by Bach and Strauss.‎ ‎ If you do not have any prior appointment on September 10, we look forward to the pleasure of your company.‎ ‎ Yours,‎ ‎ Li Ming 写作练习 假定你是李华，你的一位美国朋友Jane在中国学习中文两年，即将回国。现在由你给她发E-mail，邀请她参加为她举办的欢送会，要点如下：‎ ‎　　(1)祝贺她顺利通过考试，她的学习进步很大，为她骄傲;‎ ‎　　(2)感谢她帮助你们学习英语;‎ ‎　　(3)时间：星期六晚六点;‎ ‎　　(4)地点：阳光俱乐部(The Sun Club)302房间;‎ ‎　　(5)路线：在你所住宾馆门口乘坐332路公共汽车可直达。‎ ‎　　注意：‎ ‎　　(1)须包括以上主要内容，可以适当增加细节，使内容连贯;‎ ‎　　(2)词数：100左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ ‎　　(3)参考词汇：欢送会 farewell party Dear Jane,‎ ‎ Congratulations on your passing all the exams.‎ ‎　　 ‎ Yours faithfully,‎ Li Hua ‎9．道歉信 (Letter of Apology)‎ ‎(1) 道歉信的写法 ‎ 日常生活中难免会出现一些差错，如失约、损坏东西等。遇到这种情形，应及时写信致歉，以消除不必要的误解，维系正常的关系。道歉信除应及时写之外，还必须写得诚恳，歉意应发自内心，决不可敷衍塞责。再则，事情原委要解释清楚，措辞应当委婉贴切。下面将举例示范：‎ ‎ 范例 Dear Mr. Harkness,‎ ‎ Much to my regret I was unable to keep my engagement to meet you at the park gate. I fear you are displeased at my failing to keep my promise, but I trust you will forgive me. Let me explain. My mother suddenly fell sick early yesterday morning, and I had to send her to hospital. ‎ ‎ I shall be obliged if you will kindly write and tell me when and where we may meet again. I hope to see you soon.‎ ‎ Yours sincerely, Evelyn McCormack ‎(2) 道歉信模板 模板1‎ Dear  ______,‎ ‎①I am truly sorry that ______（道歉的原因）.‎ ‎②The reason is that  ______（介绍原因）. ‎ ‎③Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused. ‎ ‎④Hope you can accept my appologies and understand my situation.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Ming ‎ ‎ 模板2‎ Date：________‎ Dear ______,‎ I am excessively sorry to say/tell you that ①____ ___ (直接表达自己不能实现先前的愿望或约定). ② Now, I am writing you this letter of apology to show my deep regret______ (表达歉意). ③Please accept my sincere apology______(诚恳希望对方能接受道歉). ④I fear you are displeased at _____(表达出自己的心情，并请求对方原谅).⑤I hope you will understand me and excuse me for______(过渡句). ⑥Let me explain(开始介绍道歉的原因). ⑦The reason for my delay/absence was that _____(阐述自己当时的处境和情况). ⑧I had no way out because ______ (总结自己道歉的原因) ⑨ Therefore it's not in my power to_______(希望下次再次实现愿望). ⑩Naturally, I want to suggest ____. I shall be obliged if you will kindly write and tell me when and where you____(约定下次约会的时间和地点)‎ We may meet again and I hope to see you soon.‎ Sincerely yours, Signature 从这篇道歉信中可以看出，写好道歉信的关键在于措辞要朴实委婉，语气要诚恳真挚，解释要详细明了。例如原文中“much to my regret”、“I'm excessively sorry”、“a feeling of deep regret”都是致歉之词，这就恰如其分地表达了写信人的真诚歉意。‎ 写作练习 假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你和在上海上学的英国朋友Tom约好下周末北京旅游，但你因故不能赴约。请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件：‎ ‎1. 表示歉意；‎ ‎　　2. 解释原因；‎ ‎　　3. 另约时间。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右; 2. 可适当增加细节。‎ ‎10. 推荐信 (Letter of Recommendation)‎ ‎1. 词汇 能力Have a gift for , be skilled in, be experienced in be an expert in, speak fluent English; creative, a boy with great ability; efficient, intelligent, ‎ 经历graduate from , be a graduate from; major in, gain/win/get the first grade scholarship; get good grades, an all-around student with excellent grades in excellent grades in all subjects; be given the title of…; gain/win the first prize/place; win a gold/silver/copper medal ‎ 性格outgoing; easy to get along with; enthusiastic, enthusiasm is part of his character; ‎ ‎2. 经典句型 ‎(1) He is an all-around student with excellent grades in all subjects. He has been given the title of the “excellent student”.‎ ‎(2) As a boy with great potential, he is good at solving difficult problems. ‎ ‎(3) Li Ming, a graduate from Peking University, majors in computer software design. ‎ ‎(4) He has enjoyed the reputation/title of the Excellent Graduate. ‎ ‎3. 写作套路 开头 ‎(1) I am writing to recommend to you…‎ ‎(2) I would like to recommend to you…‎ ‎(3) It is a great honor for me to recommend to you…‎ ‎(4) I take the pleasure in recommending to you…‎ 结尾 ‎(1) If he can join your company, he will give full play to his talent. And your company will also be greatly benefited. So I strongly recommend… to you.‎ ‎(2) In a word, he would be a good choice. I would be grateful if you would like to consider my recommendation. ‎ ‎(3) I hope you can give him a chance. I believe he will make a great contribution to your company. ‎ ‎(4) I hope that you would take my recommendation into consideration/account.‎ 推荐信模板 Dear ______ ,‎ ‎①It affords me much pleasure to recommend ______（要推荐的人）to you.②During his/her graduate years he/she was my ______ . ③As his/her ______ I found him/her ______（介绍与此人的关系）.‎ ‎④His/Her performance in the school years was outstanding. ⑤First, he/she had been ‎ and showed great talents in ______ . ⑥In addition, he/she has a very pleasant personality. ⑦He has developed a strong sense of ______, and working with him is always. ⑧I can state that he/she has all the qualities of being ______.（介绍此人的能力）‎ ‎⑨Therefore, I here recommend him/her to you with all my heart. ⑩Should you favor him/her with a position in your company/Should you accept him/her in your university？I am sure that his/her future conduct/academic work will prove worthy of your confidence. I look forward to hearing from you at the earliest possible moment.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Ming 写作练习 假如你是王林，李明是你的好友，他对布朗先生的公司感兴趣，打算到该公司谋职（apply for a position）。请根据下面李明的简历表，用英语为他写一封推荐信。‎ 姓名：李明 性别：男 国籍：中国 出生地：重庆 婚否：已婚 出生日期：1980.8.21‎ ‎　　通讯地址：重庆市人民路148号 电话：023-63335550‎ ‎　　职业：律师 学历：大学毕业 ‎　　外语水平：擅长英语， 懂一些日语、德语 ‎　　其他：有三年工作经历，办事认真，待人诚恳，与人和睦相处 注意：1.词数100左右 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 3. 书信开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ 其他形式的应用文 ‎(1)便条(Note)‎ 便条是一种简单形式的书信。常用的便条有请假条和留言条两种，其特点是格式简单，内容简短，便条上一般只需要一两句话。因此，便条要求做到：内容简明扼要，文字简洁明了，讲清谁写的，写给谁，什么事以及什么时候写的等。留言条的日期可以写上年、月日，也可以写上星期几或星期几上、下午，或者只写几日，几点钟也行。日期多写在正文右上角，便条多用于熟人之间，因此，便条上的写条人地址、结束语等都可以省略。‎ 范例 Dear Mr Li, ‎ I’m very sorry to tell you that I can't attend school today because of a bad cold. I enclose the doctor’s certificate(证明) and ask you for three days sick leave. ‎ ‎ Your student, ‎ Li Ming ‎ Enclose(附)：the doctor's certificate for sick leave ‎ 写作练习 ‎1.吴老师（男）：‎ 因爷爷病重，我打算回家探望，要求请假一星期，从本月10日到16日止。附上姐姐发来的电报，请批准为盼。‎ 您的学生赵威 日期：2012年12月2日 ‎2. 假如你是Lucy，打算同你校外籍教师Dianna 同去人民剧院看京剧，你前去送票，碰巧她不在家，请你写一份留言。‎ a．戏剧今晚7∶00开始；‎ b．戏票已经买好，请她别再买票；‎ c．你将在剧院入口处等她；‎ d．去时，在校门口坐3路车直达剧院。‎ ‎ (2) 请柬（Invitation Card）‎ Invitation card Mr ＆ Mrs J. Thomas request the honour of the presence of Mr ＆ Mrs S. Lewis at the wedding ceremony of their daughter and Mr John Smith on Sunday, the first of May two thousand and three at eleven o’clock Shanghai International Hotel R. S. V. P. ‎ 请柬主要格式：‎ 在内容安排上按照以下顺序 1. 邀请者 ‎ 2. 套语request the pleasure (honour) of the presence of 3. 被邀请者 ‎ 4. 邀请之意活动内容 ‎ 5. 时间 ‎ 6. 地点 注意事项：‎ 请柬却是一种十分正式的信的形式，它有其特殊的格式。‎ ‎1. 请柬需排成两边整齐对称的锯齿形，应用第三人称写 2. 邀请信是一种重要的社交书信，它包括正式和非正式两种。正式的邀请信即请柬，它有固定的格式，一般用第三人称书写；通常“先生”写在其“夫人”前。行文不用标点符号。‎ 3. 先是写邀请人的姓名，前面需带称谓或头街。request the pleasure (honour) of the presence of是套语，邀请别人跳舞、吃饭等也可用request the pleasure (honour) of the company of，有时不必写明被邀人就用request the honour (pleasure) of your presence， request the pleasure (honour) of your company。套语后是被邀请人的姓名，也需带称谓或头街。接着写邀请的具体内容，然后是时间。时间安排的顺序是星期几，几月几日，年和点钟，数字都要用英语数字写，不能用阿拉伯数字写，最后是地点。‎ 4. 时间不用阿拉伯数字写。写请柬的日期一般不写在请柬上。需安排座位的宴请活动，应要求被邀者答复能否出席。‎ 5. R.S.V.P.是法语缩略词，意思是“请赐复！” (A reply is requested!) 并注明联系电话，也可用电话询问能否出席。‎ 6. 若邀请人对被邀者出席时的服装有要求，可在请柬的左下角或右下角加以注明。请柬一般提前一周至二周发出。‎ 7. 无论是英语请柬还是汉语请柬，在语言上的要求是一致的，都须简洁明了，措辞庄重、文雅 写作练习 请柬 兹定于1999年6月8日星期六下午四时在湖州师院教学楼102室举行英语晚会，恭请希尔曼先生夫人大驾光临。 ‎ 请赐复！ ‎ 英语系学生会 ‎(3)介绍某人，某物，某地，某计划，某项目类文章 写作练习1‎ 以下是一本图书的基本信息及相关报道：‎ ‎ 基本信息：‎ ‎ 1. 书名：Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother ‎ 2. 作者：Amy Chua ,美籍华人,耶鲁大学教授 ‎ 3. 出版时间：2010 年 ‎ 4. 内容：作者用中国传统方式教育两个女儿的故事 ‎ 5. 效应：引发中美教育方式孰优孰劣的讨论 ‎ 相关报道：‎ ‎ 1. 中文版：2011 年初开始在中国销售 ‎ 2. 意外反应：多数中国妈妈不赞同作者的做法 ‎ 3. 最新消息：17 岁的大女儿已被哈佛和耶鲁录取耶鲁:Yale ,哈佛：Harvard ‎ 作内容根据以上信息写一篇图书介绍,内容包括：‎ ‎ 1. 图书的基本信息；‎ ‎ 2. 图书的相关报道 写作练习2‎ 国际文化交流中心将组织一次由各国学生参加的“和平、友谊”夏令营活动，要求报名者提交英文个人简历。假设你是王珊，请根据下列信息写一篇个人简历。‎ ‎             注意：1．词数100左右；     2．不要逐字翻译，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文。‎ 写作练习3‎ 假如你叫李华，学校组织有外籍教师参加的交游活动，你担任临时导游。请根据下面图示，用英语写一篇讲话稿，在活动开始前向外籍教师简要介绍交游活动的安排。‎ 写作练习4‎ Directions:　For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attraction. You should write at least 120 words according to the following guidelines: ‎ Your role: a tour guide ‎ Your audience: a group of foreign tourists Your introduction should include: 1) some welcoming words 2) the schedule for the day 3) a description of the place the tourists will be visiting (e.g. a scenic spot or a historical site, etc.) You should make the introduction interesting and the arrangements for the day clear to everybody.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(4) 日记(Diary)‎ 日记是用来叙述一天生活中所发生的事情或用来抒发自己对当天某些事情的感受以及将来的打算的一种应用文体。写好英文日记要注意以下几点：‎ ‎1. 日记的格式：主要指日期、天气情况和正文。日期一般写在正文的左上角，它包括年、月、日和星期几，天气情况一般写在正文的右上角，常用词汇有：sunny，fine，rainy，windy，cloudy，snowy等。‎ ‎2. 日记的时态：由于日记是对当天所发生事情的回顾，故常用一般过去时。在发表议论或感想时，也可使用现在完成时或一般将来时。‎ ‎3. 日记的人称：因为日记是记载自己的亲身经历，故应用第一人称，语言尽量口语化，按照事情发生的先后顺序，清楚、准确、连贯地把事情表达出来。‎ 范例：‎ ‎2009年5月3日，你参观了一个农场。请根据下列图画用英语写一篇日记。‎ 注意：1.日记须包括所有图画的内容，可以适当增加细节，使日记连贯；‎ ‎2．词数：100左右。‎ 案例分析⊙‎ 本文是一篇看图作文，考查从图中获取信息及写作日记文体的能力。根据题目要求可知写作要点如下：‎ ‎1． 集合，出发；2.到达；3.参观；4.野餐；5.娱乐；6.告别。‎ May 3, 2009 Sunday Fine Today we visited a farm. Early in the morning, we met at the school gate and went there together. The farm workers gave us a warm welcome. Then the head of the farm showed us around. How glad we were to see the crops and vegetables growing well. At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing，telling jokes or stories. Two of us even played a game of chess. The time passed quickly. Before we knew it, we had to say goodbye to the workers.‎ 写作练习 假如某英文杂志将举办“中学生一日行”征文活动，请写一篇英文日记来参与这项活动。包括如下要点：‎ ‎1. 时间：2009年12月10日，星期日；‎ ‎2. 为了能在西湖上泛舟，你和你的同学一大早就赶到了西湖公园；‎ ‎3. 后来在湖边捡到一个精美的背包，内有照相机、护照以及一大笔钱；‎ ‎4. 在警察的帮助下，用了两个半小时你才找到了失主：一位外国朋友(Mr Woodhead)；5. 外国朋友很感激；6. 你的感受。‎ 注意：1.不要逐条翻译，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2. 词数：100左右。‎ ‎(5) 演讲词 (speech)‎ 演讲在我们的生活中无处不在，如在商务活动中、政治活动、科研活动中等。演讲是有目的性的，简单地说，它只是为了传递一种信息；具体地说，它更是为了阐明一个事实、提供一种见解、分析一个事物、说明一个群体。演讲可分为5个主要类别：小组演讲、叙述性演讲、礼仪性演讲、告知性演讲、劝诱性演讲。‎ ‎ 演讲词写作要点：‎ ‎1. 为你的演讲选择一个主题，以听众为中心的方式选择你的演讲主题。‎ ‎2. 设定明确的主旨句、中心思想和主要要点，以听众为中心的方式设定这些内容，称谓要得体。‎ ‎3. 演讲词要根据不同听众的来源，搜集听众信息，体现出听众的爱好，这样才可以很好地迎合他们的需要，更能确保听众会有正面的积极的反馈。‎ ‎4. 为你的演讲找论据。论据材料必须是中肯的、多样的、详尽的、恰当的。‎ 演讲词的基本结构 首段 简短介绍 ‎1.欢迎听众 (welcome your audience)‎ ‎2.介绍主题 / 自我介绍 (brief introduction of your subject)‎ ‎ * Today I am going to talk about …..‎ ‎ * The purpose of my presentation is to introduce……‎ ‎3. 说明演讲结构 (explain the structure of your speech)‎ ‎ * I’ll mainly talk about three points…….‎ ‎ * During my talk, I’ll be looking at three areas. First,…‎ ‎ Second,…..Third,……….‎ ‎ * I’ve divided my presentation into four parts. They are…‎ 主体 演讲的正文 陈述主题(present the subject itself)‎ ‎ * So, to start with, I’d like to talk about the ….‎ ‎ * The first problem today is that ……‎ ‎ * Let’s go to the first topic……‎ 结束 概括总结 ‎1．总结演讲(summarize your speech)‎ ‎ * To conclude, / In conclusion, / Now, to sum up,…….‎ ‎* So let me summarize/recap what I’ve said.‎ ‎* Finally, I’d like to repeat the points I made at the beginning.‎ ‎* In conclusion, my recommendations are…….‎ ‎* I therefore suggest / propose / recommend the following strategy ‎2．致谢听众 (thank your audience)‎ ‎* Many thanks for your attention.‎ ‎* May I thank you all for being such an attentive audience.‎ 范例 A Speech on Tele-education Ladies and Gentlemen, ‎ With the rapid development of science and technology, tele-education has sped up in our country. While many people speak highly of its advantages, others see more disadvantages deriving from it. ‎ The advocates of tele-education give their arguments as follows. For one thing, tele-education makes it possible for people in remote areas to learn the subjects they are interested in. For another, people have a wider range of choices as to teachers and lessons through tele-education, because they can listen to the best lessons by the best teachers in the country, or even in the world. ‎ Just as “Every advantage has its disadvantages”, the opponents believe that not all the people have access to tele-education because many are poor. In addition, the students cannot contact teachers, but interpersonal relations are important to their study. ‎ As far as I am concerned, we should develop tele-education more rapidly to benefit more students. Meanwhile, we can design some programs to help teachers and students to contact each other. ‎ Thank you for being with me. Good-bye.‎ 写作练习 Directions:　 A Campaign Speech 1、你认为自己具备是什么条件（能力，性格，爱好）可以胜任学生会主席工作？ 2、 如果当选你将会为本校同学做什么？‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(6)图表报告作文 图表分析作文就是将数据、图像所包含的信息，转化为表意的说明文字。图表分析作文通常比较复杂，学生不仅要弄清提示，还要看懂所给的图表和数据。由于这类试题提示内容少，信息点分散，审题时一定要领会作者的出题意图，弄清主题再动笔：1.单纯描述解释图表信息，按图表所示内容如实表达，不加评论。2.通过叙述图表(或图画)中的内容和数字变化来分析原因，发表议论。‎ 精彩常用词汇 significant changes图中一些较大变化 noticeable trend明显趋势 during the same period在同一时期 grow/grew增长 unequally不相等地 average平均 no doubt无疑地 overall 总体上讲 except 除外 in the case of adv. 在…的情况下 in contrast 相反，大不相同 in conclusion adv. 最后，总之 ‎ in comparison 相比之下 in general 通常，大体上，一般而言 rang from 从.....到... lower v.降低，跌落 forecast n. 先见，预见 v. 预测 例句 ‎1. As is shown by the graph,（in the table.）… （概述图表）‎ 正如曲线所示，最近54年来该国人口飞速增长。‎ As is shown by the graph, there has been a rapid increase in the population of the country in the past five years.‎ ‎2. It can be seen from the table that（shown graph/concluded figures/estimated statistics） … （得出结论）‎ A. 从表中所给的统计数字可以看出，从1985年到1990年中国的人均收入迅速提高。‎ From the statistics given in the table it can be seen that the average personal income of the Chinese people increased (grew 、rose) rapidly from 1985 to 1990.‎ B. 从曲线图可以得出结论，最近5年来中国人口的出生率已经大大下降。‎ It can be concluded from the graph that there has been a great decline in birth rates in China in the past five years.‎ ‎3. …amount to … （数量总计）(add up to/come to/sum up to)‎ 全部费用合计200美元。‎ All the expenses (costs) amount to (= add up to) $ 200.‎ ‎4. …increase from …to …（数量增减）(decrease/rise/fall/drop)‎ A. 这个工厂生产的彩电已由1986年的5000台增加到1990年的21000台。‎ The number of colour TV sets produced by the factory increased (rose, grew, climbed) from 5000 in 1986 to 21000 in 1990.‎ B.参加者的人数增加到30万。‎ The number of participants grew up to 300000 persons = increased, reaching 300000 persons C. 这个学校的教职工人数已减少到700人。‎ The number of teaching staff members in this school has decreased to 700 persons.‎ ‎5.（be）three times as + 形容词+ as 上升17% rise by 17percent 日产量the daily output 导致产量下降result in a diminished output 现在我们地区的粮食产量相当于1970年的3倍。‎ The grain production (= output)in our area now is three times as great as that of 1970.‎ ‎6.There is (was) a rapid rise in …be on the rise (有了一个较快、较慢、较稳定的上升、下降); There has been a sharp increase in…; on the increase; sudden decrease; on the decline; steady decline; gradual fall; slow drop 最近几年来这个地区的产量有了迅速增长。‎ The output in this area has increased rapidly in the past few years.‎ 模板 ‎ As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the　table(graph/picture/chart), ____ has been on rise/decrease (goes up/increases/drops/decreases) significantly/dramatically/steadily, rising/decreasing from__ in__ to __ in__. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that __.‎ ‎　　There are at least two good reasons accounting for __. On the one hand, ______. On the other hand, ______ is due to the fact that _____. In addition, ____ is responsible for ____. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ____. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.‎ ‎ As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _____. I am sure　my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.‎ ‎1. 柱状图(BAR CHART)‎ 人们日常生活中事物的变化情况通常可以用宽度相等的柱状图形来表示，柱状图的高度差别用来说明事物的动态发展趋势，同时要注意图例说明和坐标刻度所提示的信息。‎ ‎【常用句式】‎ ‎1. As can be seen from the chart, ...　As is shown in the chart, ...‎ ‎2. The chart shows that about 60 percent of students want to go to college...‎ ‎3. From the graph/data/results/information above，it can be seen/concluded/shown /estimated...‎ ‎4.The graph shows the changes in the number of...over the period from...to...‎ ‎5.Compared with...，the number of the students of...‎ 例：你们班会的讨论主题是“上大学是高中生唯一的出路吗？”请你根据下面图表及汉语提示，写一篇短文，并阐述你的个人观点。‎ ‎　　提示：1.增长学识，提高素养，利于择业。‎ ‎　　 2.成功的路不只一条。‎ ‎　　 3.学费高，就业难。‎ ‎　　要求：1.词数100左右2.开头语已为你写好(不计入词数)。‎ ‎3.参考词汇：tuition n.学费　qualities n.素养 Is It The Only Way Out To Go To College？‎ ‎ We had a discussion about whether it is the only way out for senior students to go to college. Views vary from person to person.‎ ‎ The majority of us consider it very necessary to go to college. They think it can widen their knowledge and improve their qualities. Only in this way can they find better jobs after graduation. Very few students，that is about ten percent of the students, think it no use going university，because the tuition is too high for their family to afford. What’s more，it's rather hard for college graduates to seek satisfactory jobs. Thirty percent of the students, however，believe “All roads lead to Rome.” Therefore it doesn’t make any difference whether they go to college or not.‎ ‎ In my opinion，we can receive a better education at college so that we can serve our motherland.‎ 实战演练 ‎1. 观察下列图表，请以 “Changes in the Ownership of House” 为主题，为校报写一篇短文。注意：短文应包括以下内容 ‎1.根据图示描述该市住房产权的变化。2.分析产生这些变化的原因。‎ ‎3.说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响。‎ 要求：1.首句已经为你写好。2.词数100左右。‎ ‎75:25 60:40 20:80‎ ‎2. 受某英文报的委托，你最近对高中生的英语阅读兴趣做了一次调查。请根据以下信息，用英语为该报写一篇100词左右的短文。短文的标题及首句已写好。‎ 调查内容：在新闻、故事、科普、学习方法四种英文文章中，学生最喜欢哪一种 调查范围：湖北省的10所中学 调查对象：高中生 调查人数：1,000‎ 调查方式：访谈 调查结果：(见下图)‎ 选择各类英文文章人数的百分比 ‎2. 曲线图(LINE GRAPH)‎ 曲线图常用来表示事物的变化趋势。常分为带时间参照和不带时间参照两种。曲线图的特点是信息集中，一目了然。‎ ‎【常用句式】‎ ‎1. As can be seen from the graph，the line shows that...‎ ‎2. According to the graph, we can see/conclude that...‎ ‎3. This is a line graph which describes the trend of...‎ ‎4. The number sharply went up to...‎ ‎5. The percentage of...stayed the same between...‎ ‎6. The figures reached the peaks/bottom...‎ 例：下面的曲线图是我国2006年不同月份汽车事故分布示意图，请以“The number of car accidents in 2006”为题写一篇文章。要求：‎ ‎　　1.描述不同月份汽车事故分布(distribution)及总趋势。‎ ‎　　2.描述汽车事故的可能原因和对策。‎ ‎　　3.参考词汇：peak 顶点，高峰。词数：100～120 。‎ The Number of Car Accidents in 2006‎ ‎　　From the graph, we can see that there were two peaks of accidents in 2006. One was in Feb with the number of 32.The other was in August with the number of 39, which was the highest point of the distribution line. From August, the number of car accident had been decreasing till it reached the lowest point of the year in December. Two peaks occurred in spring and summer, the two seasons which had most of the year’s rain. Driving tends to be more dangerous in rainy days. Maybe the weather is the most important reason for car accidents. Be careful, when you drive a car in rainy days.‎ 实战演练 ‎1.根据下面曲线图，以Car Explosion in China为题，描述我国近10年来私人拥有小汽车情况，说明人们生活的水平的变化和你的看法。短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。词数：100左右。‎ ‎　　‎ ‎3. 饼状图(PIE CHART)‎ 实战演练 假设你是红星中学高中学生李华，最近，你校学生会对影响学生课外阅读的因素进行了调查，结果见下图。请根据图示提供的信息给某英文报纸写信，反映调查的实际情况，并寻求建议。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．信的开头已为你写好。2．词数100左右。‎ Dear Editor,‎ ‎ Our student union has recently conducted a survey on what may affect students’ outside-class reading.‎ Sincerely yours,‎ Li Hua ‎(7) 漫画类作文 ‎1. 单幅图 （议论文）‎ 单幅漫画作文是看图作文的一个类别，命题人通过夸张、象征等手法，借助幽默、诙谐的画面，讽刺、批评或歌颂某些人和事，启迪人们感悟深刻的道理（寓意）。‎ 开头：‎ ‎1. Look at this picture. The picture shows that… 2. From this picture, we can see… 3. The picture sets me thinking deeply… 4. As is shown / indicated in the picture, … 5. After seeing the picture, I was greatly shocked by … 6. This is a funny and instructive picture. 7. In the picture, a young man … 8.We can learn from the picture that… 9. The picture shows that… 10. This sight reminds me of something in my daily life….‎ 衔接句：‎ ‎1. As we all know, … 2. As is well-known, … 3. It is well known that…‎ ‎4. In my opinion, … 5. As far as I am concerned, … 6. This sight reminds me of something in my daily life.‎ 衔接词 ‎1．表示时间顺序：first/ firstly, then, next, after, after that, during, throughout, before, later, while, meanwhile, at present, by now, finally, in the end, at last, at that time, in the past, immediately等。‎ ‎2．表示递进关系：and, also, furthermore, moreover, besides, in addition, above all, what’s more, what’s better, in the same way等。‎ ‎3． 表示方位：near (to), far (from), in (the) front of, beside, behind, beyond, above, below, to the right, to the left, on one side, on the other side of, outside等。‎ ‎4． 表示因果关系：as, since, for, so, because, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result, because of, due to, owing to, thanks to, therefore等。‎ ‎5．表示目的：for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order that, so as to, in order to/ that, for the sake of等。‎ ‎6．表示列举和顺序关系：first, second, third, next, then, finally, lastly, after that, first of all, to begin with, for one thing......, for another......等。‎ ‎7．表示解释和说明：for example, for instance, that is, namely, that is to say, such as, in other words, and so on等。‎ ‎8．表示转折和对比关系：but, yet, sill, anyway, while, however, (al)though, on the contrary, only, on the other hand, for all that, in contrast, similarly, at the same time, just like, just as等。‎ ‎9．表示概括和总结：altogether, therefore, in conclusion, in brief, on the whole, in short, in a word, generally speaking, generally, as has been stated等。‎ 范例 简要描述图片，并谈谈你对学生在业余时间参加过多的补习和培训的看法。‎ 内容要点：‎ 1． 描述文字说明 ‎（1）学生被迫上很多补习班 （2）无兴趣可言 2． 议论文字说明 ‎（1）太多的补习班是浪费时间 （2）学习要有兴趣 （3）家长不要强迫孩子参加补习 （4）表达希望 Look at this picture. You will understand better “Too much work makes Jack a dull boy”. He has to go to so many training classes besides his school classes. Life is no fun at all for him. Holidays and weekends have become dull work-days. He is too ‎ tired to learn these lessons well with no interest. ‎ They might do better when they show interest in what they are learning. Please don’t force these students to do what they are not willing to, and when learning is fun, surely they will do better than we expect!‎ 写作练习 根据图画内容，以“We Want Our Schoolbags Lighter”题，用英语写一篇100词左 右的短文。短文须包括以下要点，，不得逐字翻译 ‎ ‎1.简单描述漫画的内容；‎ ‎2.作业负担过重；‎ ‎3.精讲精练；‎ ‎4.参加体育锻炼和社会活动。‎ ‎2. 连环图 （记叙文）‎ 连环图作文体裁是记叙文，因此要抓住记叙文的六要素：when, where, who, what, why, how. 即五个“W”和一个“H”。要注意人物与空间的关系，画面与画面的关系，要点与发挥的关系。‎ 范例：‎ 下列四幅图描述了李华一家某一天的经历。请根据画面及图中的有关提示，用第三人称的口吻写一篇120字左右的短文。注意：可以适当增加细节，并展开合理的想象，使故事完整连贯。 ‎ 第一步：认真看图，确立主题 第二步：围绕主题，提炼要点 第三步：合理想象，补出要点 第四步：确定时态，译出要点 ‎ 第五步：连句成篇，过渡自然 ‎ It was March the eighth that day, Women’s Day. Li Hua had a good idea and told his father that he was going to do something to celebrate it. He asked his father to help him. First they decided to do some housework, which was always done by his mother. Li Hua cleaned the house completely while his father did some washing. Then they made a good meal, cooking fish, pork, chicken, soup and some other delicious dishes. Then Li Hua laid the table and set a vase full of flowers in the middle of the table. After that they hid themselves behind the door, waiting for Mother so as to give her a happy surprise. When his mother came back and saw delicious dishes and drinks on the table, she felt very curious and happy. The family had a pleasant festival.‎ 写作练习 下面4幅图片描述的是星期天上午在中山公园里发生的一件事。请根据图片所提供的信息用英语为你校的“英语园地”写一篇短文。‎ 注意：①短文须包括所有图片的主要内容。短文的内容要连贯、完整；‎ ‎②短文单词数：100左右（已给句子中的单词不计入总词数）；‎ ‎ ③参考词汇：货摊stand (n.) ; 抢夺 snatch (v.) ; 逮捕 arrest (v.)‎ 内容要点：1．公园，冰淇淋货摊旁 2．年轻妇女的包被抢3．人们追赶抢包者 4．长排椅上坐着一位老人5．抢包者从老人身旁跑过，老人用伞将他绊倒 6．两名警察逮捕抢劫者 7．妇女感谢老人，人们称赞老人的机智 One Sunday morning, there were some people in Zhongshan Park.‎ ‎3. 图表结合（先说明再议论）‎ 最近，关于“高中是否取消文理分科”的网上调查吸引了26万余名网民积极参与。‎ 请根据所给的信息写一篇英文报道，描述被调查者的不同看法，并表明你的看法。‎ 赞同文理分科（46%）‎ 不赞同文理分科（54%）‎ 你的看法 理由 如不分科，文、理都要学，增加了学生负担 如分科，学生知识面窄，不利于学生的发展 分科没有错，错在偏科；建议改革高考 注意：1. 词数不少于60；‎ ‎2. 文章开头已给出（不计入词数）。‎ Recently more than 260,000 netizens have participated in the survey about whether the curriculum of senior high school should be divided into arts and science. …‎ ‎(8) 表达观点和情况对比写作 A. 表示观点对比类写作套语 v 总起:‎ Different people hold different opinions. ‎ Opinions are divided. ‎ People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards …‎ People have different opinions on this problem.‎ People take different views on this question.‎ v 表达观点一:‎ ‎…of them hold the opinion that …‎ ‎…of them are in favor of the idea that…‎ People who are for/against the idea think …‎ ‎ ‎ v 表达不同观点之间的衔接:‎ However, …of them hold a different view. / …of them hold the opposite opinion. ‎ People who are against it don’t think so. ‎ However, each coin has two sides. ‎ Different from those…., …people think …‎ On the other hand, … people object that …‎ 写作练习 ‎1. 近来，越来越多的学生在校外租房而不愿住大寝室。请根据下面提示，一分为二地用英语写一篇短文，说说两者各自的好处与坏处，并表明自己的观点。‎ ‎1. 学习时间； 2. 安全； 3. 自由性； 4. 与同学交往； 5. 学习效果。‎ 注意：可从其他角度阐述，但两方面的理由都至少要有两条；词数100左右。‎ ‎2. 近年来，禽流感频发，一些国家在疫区捕杀所有鸟类。对此，你们班开展了主题班会，讨论结果如下 赞成捕杀者认为 反对捕杀者认为 你的态度 ‎1．防止病毒扩散、威胁人类健康 ‎1．捕杀鸟类，不公平，太残忍 ‎？‎ ‎2．疫区扩大，不易治愈 ‎2．尽快找到疫苗 注意：‎ 参考词汇：禽流感bird flu；家禽poultry；病毒virus；疫苗vaccine 解析：参考例文（下划线的为文章的亮点）‎ ‎3．‎ 观点 理由 ‎1‎ 首先选择专业 ‎1．可以学习自己感兴趣的东西；‎ ‎2．便于将来从事自己喜爱的工作。‎ ‎2‎ 首先选择大学 ‎1．学习环境对人的成长很重要；‎ ‎2．名牌大学的毕业生在求职时常会受到青睐。‎ ‎3‎ 你的看法（内容由考生自己拟定）‎ 注意: 1. 词数100左右。开头不计入总词数；2. 内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。‎ Every student will be faced with the question after he passes the college entrance examinations: Should we choose a good major or a good university first? ‎ ‎4. 最近，学校组织高三学生开展了一场讨论。讨论的主题是：周末要不要上课呢？请根据下表提供的信息，写一篇100字左右的短文，客观的介绍一下讨论的情况，并且简单地表达自己的观点。开头已给出，不记入总词数。‎ ‎30%‎ ‎30%‎ ‎40%‎ 要上课 高考6月举行，要抓紧时间复习 不要上课 休息好，提高效率 其中一天学习，一天休息学习和休息兼顾 ‎5.‎ ‎ 当前不少文学作品被改编成电影。有人选择看电影，有人则喜欢读原著。请你以“Film or book, which do you prefer?”为题，按照下列要点写一篇英语短文：‎ ‎1、 看电影：省时、有趣、易懂 2、 读原著：细节更多、语言优美 ‎3、 我的看法及理由：文章题目和开头已给出（不计入词数）。‎ 参考词汇： original work 或 book in the original （原著）‎ B. 表示今昔对比类写作套语 ‎1. 开头常用句型 ‎(1) Great changes have taken place. ‎ ‎ Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the last five year.‎ ‎ Quite a few changes have taken place in my school since you left China.‎ ‎ Over the past twenty years or so, great changes have taken place in our life.‎ ‎(2) Things have begun to improve since… ‎ ‎ 自从……以来，事情有了好转/改善。‎ Things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce learning load.‎ ‎2. 对比常用句型: ‎ ‎(1)…used to…, but now… ‎ ‎ 过去常……，但是现在……‎ ‎(2) …in the past, but now… ‎ ‎ 在过去……，但是现在……‎ ‎(3) once…, but now… ‎ ‎ 曾经…….，但是现在……‎ ‎(4) Things are different now. ‎ ‎ 情况已大不同了 ‎(5) But now, everything has changed. ‎ 但是现在全变了 写作练习 ‎1. 假设你是李明， 你的美国朋友杰克听说你校正在开展研究性学习，来信询问有关情况，请你写一封信，谈一谈开展研究性学习前后，你的学习情况的变化。‎ 注意：1用书信格式。2词数：100左右 ‎3 生词：研究性学习exploring study 上网surf the internet 过去 ‎ 现在 课堂 老师讲解知识点，学生听讲，记笔记。‎ 老师提出问题，学生互相讨论或学生自己提出问题自己讨论解决。‎ 完成大量的作业。‎ 丰富多彩的课外活动，如读自己感兴趣的书籍， 去图书馆或上网查资料。‎ Dear Jack,‎ How nice to hear from you again.‎ ‎2. 阅读下列图表，以“Changes in the Ways People Spent Their Holidays”为题，‎ 写一篇词数为120左右的短文。‎ Traveling Going to Camping Staying at abroad seaside home ‎ 注意：1 短文的首句已给出，不计入总数；2 可根据图表信息，适当发挥。‎ 书信类作文范文 一、 投诉信(Letter of Complaint)‎ Dear Mr. President,‎ I am writing to express my concern over the Library service on the campus. As a major in English, I find that most of the books in English in the library are outdated. So far, I have not come across a single book published after 1995. As a result, we fail to get the latest information of academic development both at home and abroad.       In addition, the light in the reading room is far from bright, which does harm to our eyes. Worse still, there is no air-conditioning and we are sweating heavily while reading. Last but not least, the newly developed electronic information system does not work well and needs further improvement. A great number of books should have been listed in the system. There is no denying that the library has helped us a lot. But it is in urgent need of improvement. When improved, the library is certain to provide much more help with our study. Thank you for your time. I am looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Qiang 二、咨询信(Letter of Inquiry)‎ To whom it may concern,‎ I am writing to you to apply for the membership of the English Club. As a sophomore from the English Department, I love English literature very much. I often attend the English Corner held on Friday in the People’s University of China and would like to discuss various topics in English with others.    I am eager to be one member of the English Club and improve further my English. I know there are some requirements, but I am not clear about the details. Is it necessary for me to pay for membership? If so, how much should I pay? And how often? I have also heard that the club will host various activities, but can you give me more details.    I would be very grateful if you can send me a reply as soon as possible. Looking forward to hearing from you soon.           Yours sincerely,    三、建议信 (Letter of suggestion)‎ 范文1‎ Dear Tom,‎ When it comes to which major you should choose, I propose that you apply for the major of English. To begin with, English is the most popular language in the world, which is widely used in all fields such as teaching, translation, foreign trade and so on. What’s more, it goes without saying that English majors are more likely to find a good job in the tighter and tighter job market. ‎ In order to study at English Department, you have to meet the following requirements. In the first place, you have to spend a lot of time on it, just as the old saying goes, “Practice makes perfect”. In the second place, the basic skills of reading, writing, listening and speaking are necessary, because they are the foundations for your future study. Last but not least, you need an intense interest in learning English since “interest is the best teacher.” ‎ As far as the preparation work is concerned, you should first of all review all the required vocabulary. In addition, you’d better spend some time in reading and writing. Only through these measures can you hope to enroll in our university.‎ Yours,‎ Zhang Ying 范文2‎ Dear Tom,‎ ‎ I am glad to know you’re going to apply for admission to our university. With regard to major, I advise you to apply for the English major, because the English major of our university wins a notable fame throughout the whole nation by its modern teaching equipment and prestigious professors. Also, most graduates majoring in English in our university get desirable employment in job markets.‎ ‎ And some requirements are essential for applying for the English major of our university. Firstly, you should be good at English grammar and have a considerable vocabulary. Secondly, you should be adept in spoken English, for there is an oral test before the normal examination. Thirdly, good listening ability is also required. ‎ ‎ Therefore, when making the preparation, you should pay great attention to enlarging your vocabulary and learning grammar rules. At the same time, you should practice listening and speaking persistently. And, of course, to reach the goal, lots of exercises are necessary.‎ Yours,‎ Zhang Ying 四、申请信 (Letter of Application)‎ To whom it may concern,‎ ‎ I am writing to you to apply for a school loan.  As a freshman from the English Department, I have much financial difficulty in continuing my study.         There are five members in my family. My father is the only breadwinner of the whole family while my mother was laid off two years ago. My grandmother has been suffering a chronic illness for more than five years. My younger brother is now studying in a high middle school. I took part-time jobs during the summer vacation, but what I have earned is far from enough for me to pay the required tuition fees. In order to continue my study, I have to apply for a school loan. ‎ If my request is granted, I will make good use of the money and put my heart into study. I will definitely pay back the loan according to requirements. I hope that ‎ you will consider my application.‎ Looking forward to your reply.                                   ‎ Yours sincerely,                                      Gao Peng 五、祝贺信 (Letter of Congratulations) ‎ Dear John,‎ ‎ I’m very glad to hear that you have passed the entrance examination and been accepted by a very famous university. I feel very proud of you and I believe you really deserve the honor since you have been working so hard.‎ ‎ As you have mentioned in the letter, there are both some similarities and differences between the college life and the life in high school. On the one hand, you have to go on working hard as there are a lot of subjects for you to learn. On the other hand, in high school, teachers will probably tell you what to learn and how to learn in details and will also monitor your learning performance, while in college, teachers work like tour guides and you have to find out your own way to acquire knowledge and solve problems.‎ ‎ For you, I think to be optimistic is very important. If you hope to adapt yourself to the new environment, you’d better be positive no matter what difficulties you will experience in your college life. May you adapt yourself to the college life as soon as possible!‎ ‎ Truly Yours,‎ ‎ Carl 六、介绍信 (Letter of Introduction)‎ Dear fellow students,‎ ‎ Good news for you! A blog will be opened on the website of our school on June 1st, 2015. It aims to help us students to communicate better and improve our English level. ‎ ‎ The blog serves as an open platform where we can do a lot of things. First of all, we can share efficient learning experience here to promote our English study. Secondly, if you have any questions or problems, you are welcome to post it here. And possibly, you will find proper solutions to them with the help of enthusiastic schoolmates. In addition, we are free to take part in the weekly discussion.‎ ‎ I am sure the blog will be of great benefit to our English study. And every one of us is encouraged to visit it. ‎ That’s all. Thank you!‎ 七、感谢信 (Letter of Thanks)‎ 范文 Dear Mr Li,‎ I’m very excited to write to express my thanks to you. I am now a freshman of ‎ Wuhan University, which I have been dreaming about. Mr Li, I still remember the days when you taught me English. My English has been improved greatly because of your creative work. However, at one time, the pressure of examinations, too much homework and the high expectations made me depressed. I was tired of the warning that if I didn’t do my best, I wouldn’t have the chance to go to college. Thanks for your encouragement; if not, I wouldn’t have realized my dream. And now I really understand you. I wish more and more of your students could go to their ideal colleges. Are you still so busy? How I miss you!‎ Hoping to hear from you soon.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua 八、邀请信 (Letter of Invitation)‎ Dear Jane,‎ ‎　　Congratulations on your passing all the exams. I am delighted you have really made great progress in your two years of studying in China. All you have gained is the result of your hard work. We are proud of you and we all appreciate your help with our English We‘ll always remember the wonderful time we spent together.‎ ‎　　It’s a pity that you have to go back soon! So a farewell party for you will be held in Room 302 in the Sun Club this Saturday evening. Could you come by 6:00 p.m.? We’ll have dinner together. By the way，you may take Bus No. 332 in front of your hotel and it will take you directly to the club.‎ I wish you success and fulfillment in the years ahead!‎ Yours faithfully,‎ Li Hua 九、道歉信 (Letter of Apology)‎ Dear Tom,‎ ‎　　How are you going? We made a plan that we would travel in Beijing together next week. However, I should apologize to you because I cannot go there on time for the reasons as follows.‎ ‎　　First, I cannot deny that it can help us broaden our horizon and deepen our mind when we travel in Beijing. However, the government encourages us students to go to Shanghai due to the fact that the EXPO is being held in Shanghai now. As the saying goes, “strike while the iron is hot”. After finish my college entrance examination, I am eager to learn something about study from the EXPO to prepare for my education in college. In addition, I have been busy with the preparation of the college entrance examination for about half a year and got tired. I need some time to relax instead of traveling.‎ ‎　　For the reasons that I mentioned above, I want to show my apology again. And would you please reschedule your time? Shall we travel in Beijing after two weeks? I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.‎ ‎　　Yours,‎ Li Hua 十、推荐信(Letter of Recommendation) ‎ 范例1‎ Dear Brown,‎ ‎　　It is my pleasure to recommend Li Ming, my good friend, for his application to work in your company. Li Ming graduated from Beijing Industry University. His major is Computer Software. During the four years’ study he has done a good job. Every year he got the first grade scholarship. And he also has got the title of the Excellent Graduate.‎ ‎　　He is an enthusiastic and progressive young man with high potentiality. He is not only quick at learning but also good at solving difficult problems with logical mind. I am sure that it will benefit your company if he can work for your company. I strongly recommend him to your company.‎ ‎　　Yours,‎ ‎　　Wang Lin 范例2‎ Dear Brown,‎ ‎　　I am very glad to recommend Li Ming, my good friend, for a job in your company. He is a graduate from Beijing Industry University. His major is Computer Software. In the past four years he has got the first grade scholarship for four times. And this year he got the title of the Excellent Graduate.‎ ‎　　He not only studies well but also has great capacity. He is good at solving difficult problems with logical mind. I think that he has great potentialities. If he can join the company, he will be able to give full play to his talent. And your company will also be greatly benefited. I strongly recommend Li Ming to your company.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua 其他形式的应用文 ‎(1) 便条(Note)‎ 范文1‎ Dec. 2th Dear Mr Wu,‎ My grandpa is seriously ill. I have been told that by my sister. I’m going to go home to see my grandpa, so I have to ask a week’s leave, from Oct. 10th to16th. I'll be very thankful to you if you agree. ‎ Yours, ‎ Zhou Wei ‎ Enclose: a telegram from my elder sister ‎ 范文2‎ Dear Diana,‎ We have planned to see Beijing Opera in the People’s Theatre. Now I have bought two tickets, I come to your room but unfortunately you were out. The play begins at seven this evening. Please do come if you read this note. I'll wait for you at the entrance. When you come you may take the Bus No. 3 at our school gate. It will take you to the theatre. You needn’t buy tickets because I’ve got one for you. ‎ Yours,‎ Lucy ‎(2) 请柬（Invitation Card）‎ Invitation Card The Students’ Union of the English department requests the honour of the company of Mr & Mrs Hillman at the English Evening on Saturday, the sixth of August nineteen ninety-nine at four P.M.‎ Room One Zero Two, Classroom Building Huzhou Teachers College R. S. V. P.‎ ‎(3)介绍某人，某物，某地，某计划，某项目类文章 范文1‎ Published in 2010, Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother, whose writer is Amy Chua, a Chinese American professor in Yale University, is about a story that the author applied the Chinese traditional educational method to instruct her two daughters. The books with Chinese edition were sold in China at the beginning of the 2011. As a result, it caused a heated discussion on which is better, the Chinese way or American. Accidently, most of the Chinese mothers are not in favour of what the writer did. However, the latest news shows that her 17-year-old daughter was admitted into Harvard and Yale University.‎ 范文2‎ My name is Wang Shan. I'm a 16-year-old girl studying in Beijing Yangguang Middle school. I like music, especially classical music. I'm also interested in photography because it allows me to record the beautiful moments in my life. I’m good at communicating with others and always ready to help other people. Furthermore, I love nature. Whenever I'm free, I'll travel to beautiful natural attractions to experience natural wonders with my family. In addition, I love peace,‎ ‎ and I hope all nations in the world can live in a peaceful environment and lead a happy life. ‎ ‎ The purpose of my intending to join the Peace and Friendship Summer Camp is to make more friends from foreign countries, and to have an access to the insight of foreign cultures. I hope I can do something to the world peace. I'm sure I'll learning a lot from the Summer Camp.‎ 范文3‎ Good morning, ladies and gentlemen,‎ ‎ My name is Li Hua. I have the honor of being your guide. I’d like to give you a brief introduction to our field trip today.‎ First, we’ll start at 8:30 from school and get to the foot of the mountain at about 9:00. Then we’ll the climb the mountain. It’ll take about one hour to reach the top where stand some temples. We are free to look around the temples from 10:00 to 12:00. Besides, we’ll have lunch there. After a short break, we’ll go down the other side of the mountain at 2:00 pm. We plan to reach the riverside at about 3:00 pm. We’ll go on to our trip down the river by boat and enjoy the scenery. Finally we’ll be back at school at about 5:00 pm.‎ That’s all for today’s arrangement. I wish you all a wonderful day. Thanks.‎ 范文4‎ Dear friends,‎ May I have your opinion, please? ‎ First, welcome to China for a visit, and thank you for trusting our travel agency. I’m your tour guide, Wang Xiao. You may call me Xiao Wang, or Linda, that’s my English name, as you please. I’ll do my best to make your trip as pleasant and meaningful as possible.‎ Now, to share with you our schedule today. The place we are to visit is the Great Wall. We’ll set out at 9:00 and hope to arrive at 10:00. The Great Wall we will visit today is in Bada Mountain. It is the most complete and best preserved section. It winds across the mountains like a dragon. It is the symbol of our Chinese national spirit. Fortunately, today there will be a Chinese traditional cultural performance on the wall. You will be able to watch Chinese kongfu, Chinese acrobatics, and dragon-lion performance. We will stay on the Wall for three hours and come back at about 2:00 in the afternoon. You have enough time to watch the performance and to cover all those places, climbing to the top and take your photos. In China, there is an old saying: “He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” Today all of us will be a true man. Enjoy your day, please. At your service.‎ Thank you. ‎ ‎(4)日记(Diary)‎ December 10, 2009　Sunday Fine The students in our class planned to go outing to the Xihu Park. We got there early in the morning so that we could row boats on the Xihu Lake. But as soon as we arrived at the lake, we found a nice bag with a camera, a passport and a lot of money in it. With the help of a policeman we found the owner, Mr Woodhead, a foreign friend after two and a half hours. Seeing his bag, he was very glad and grateful to us. Though we didn’t row boats on the lake, we were very happy to help others.‎ ‎(5)演讲词 (speech) ‎ Dear fellow students,‎ It is a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech. To begin with, I am Huck, a junior from the English Department. As some of you know, I am a monitor of Class 4, Grade Two.‎ ‎ As for the position of president of the students’ union, there are some things making me feel qualified to take the job. Firstly, I have gained a lot of experience and received wide praise from my classmates for my job as monitor. Secondly, I am warm-hearted and always ready to help others, quick to react to the needs of my fellow students. Thirdly, I am good at organizing activities and have held a number of English corners and discussions.‎ Looking into the future, I will try my best to serve my fellow students if I am lucky enough to be the president of the students’ union. On the one hand, I, with my co-workers, will invite more famous professors to give lectures for our students and we can learn a lot of knowledge. On the other hand, I will organize more activities for our students and enhance understanding of cooperation with each other. In addition, I will open more channels for our students to voice their opinions and their needs. ‎ Reaching these goals will require your broad support, and with that I will work to earn it.‎ ‎(6)图表报告作文 范文1‎ Ownership of Houses in a Big City in China ‎　　As can be seen from the chart, ownership of houses in a big city in China changed in the past ten years. In 1995, 75 percent of the houses were state-owned. Five years later, the rate of state-owned houses to private ones was 3 to 2. But from then on, the ownership of houses changed rapidly and so far 80 percent of houses have been private.‎ ‎　　What caused the changes? There might have been two main reasons. First, from 1995 up to now, the people's living standards have been improving. Most of them can afford to buy the houses. Second, most people do not save a lot of money in the bank for their children as their parents did in the past. They want to have their own home and enjoy life.‎ ‎　　Such changes have had a great effect on the development of society. It does good ‎ to both the citizens and the government.‎ 范文2‎ Reading Interests of Senior Middle School Students ‎　　Recently, a survey has been done to find out the reading interests of senior middle school students. In this survey, one thousand senior middle school students from ten schools in Hubei Province were interviewed. They were asked which they liked reading most among the four categories of English articles, news, stories， popular science articles and articles about learning methods.‎ The survey shows that more than half of the students like to read news most. Twenty six percent of the students say that English stories are their favorite. Only seven percent of the students are most interested in reading articles about learning methods. However, the number of students who enjoy reading popular science articles doubles that of those who prefer reading articles about learning methods.‎ 范文3‎ Car Explosion in China ‎　　As is vividly described in the table above, great changes in car ownership have taken place in China over past decade. The number of private cars has accordingly increased nearly 7 times from more than 2 million in 1996 to over 14 million in 2006. What’s the reason?‎ ‎　　There are two main factors for these changes. To begin with，development in economy plays a vital role in these years. The higher incomes result in Chinese people’s owning private cars. What’s more, in modern society, time means money. Many Chinese need a car to do business on time.‎ In my view, however, the car explosion will constantly increase year by year. A large number of social problems such as traffic jams, among other things, are turning up nearly every city in China.‎ 范文4‎ Dear editor,‎ ‎ Our student union has recently conducted a survey on what may affect students’ outside-class reading. The result is as follows:‎ ‎ 72% of the students think that schoolwork takes up most of their day, leaving very little time for outside-class reading. Meanwhile, 16% complain that their parents do not support them enough. Parents are concerned that their children’s attention may be taken away by the non-school related reading.‎ ‎ Besides, 8% of the students are not satisfied with the opening hours of the library and limited book collections there. And 4% of the students think books are too expensive nowadays, so they can’t afford to read as much as they want.‎ ‎ We all know that reading is beneficial. However, given the facts above, how can we read more? I would very much appreciate your advice on how to encourage our reading.‎ ‎ Sincerely yours,‎ ‎ Li Hua ‎(7) 漫画类作文 范文1‎ We Want Our Schoolbags Lighter The picture shows that a girl is wearing a pair of glasses and carrying a big heavy schoolbag, and a woman is doing some exercise. The girl says to the woman, “If you carry the schoolbag for me, I’m sure you will lose some weight.”‎ As is well-known, we Chinese students are overburdened with lessons and homework which our teachers have given us. All that we do every day is to listen to our teachers’ lessons, to take notes and do our homework which seems endless.‎ We do hope our teachers will help us get more knowledge with fewer lectures, exercises and less homework. Only in this way will we have spare time to do more physical exercise and make us stronger, and we will have more spare time to take part in some social activities, which makes us all mentally and physically healthier.‎ 范文2‎ ‎ One Sunday morning, there were some people in Zhongshan Park. At a stand, a woman was buying an ice-cream when a young man behind her snatched her handbag away. She shouted: “Stop thief! He’s snatched my bag! ”Hearing this, a few people began to run after him. There was an old man sitting quietly on a bench nearby. As the snatcher was running past him, the old man quickly picked up his umbrella and put it between the snatcher’s legs. The young man fell down on the ground hard. Soon two policemen came in a police car and arrested him. The woman thanked the old man, and the people around praised the old man for his cleverness. ‎ 范文3‎ Recently more than 260,000 netizens have participated in the survey about whether the curriculum of senior high school should be divided into arts and science. ‎ About 46% of the netizens are in favor of the idea that the curriculum should be divided into arts and science. Otherwise, students may have too much to learn, which increases their burden greatly. However, about 54% of the netizens think that it is unwise to get arts and science separated. They believe that it is not good for students’ full development and that they may have a narrow knowledge. ‎ In my opinion, a comprehensive education is better than a separated one. A strong ability in both science and arts is helpful for the long-term development of individuals and the society as a whole. Worldwide, only in China science and arts are separated, which has had a bad effect on students’ sound development. It’s high time we changed this model.‎ ‎(8) 表达观点和情况对比写作 范文1‎ ‎ Nowadays, some students would not like to live in a dorm. Instead, they rent ‎ houses outside the school. There are advantages for both. Living in a dorm can increase friendship and cooperation between classmates. And of cause it is safer. A dorm is more like a society, which enables students to learn to adapt to each other, thus preparing for the social life later. As for renting houses to live alone, it’s better for study as you can feel free in your own room without being interrupted by others. As a result, you can have more time and devote yourself to studying whole-heartedly. But there may appear some safety problems as you live outside of the school.‎ ‎ Anyhow, as a student, I prefer living in a dorm.‎ 范文2‎ As it is well-known, bird flu has spread through many countries. People have taken some measurements to prevent it.‎ Some think it is necessary to kill all the poultry and birds. At present it is only a good way to prevent the deadly virus from spreading and harming people’s health. The more the virus spreads, the more difficult it is to conquer it.‎ However, others think it is unfair and awfully cruel to do so just for the benefit of human beings. Finding vaccines as quickly as possible is the most important think.‎ As far as I’m concerned, catching and killing birds is not necessary. It may cause the birds to die out. Also, birds are friends to us human beings.‎ 范文3‎ Every student will be faced with the question when he passes the college entrance examinations: Should we choose a good major or a good university first? ‎ Some students prefer to consider majors first so that they can learn what they are interested in. It will also make it possible for them to take their favorite jobs in the future. ‎ However, those who think differently believe that the environment is important to one’s development and that graduates from leading universities are often more likely to find a good job.‎ In my opinion, the best choice is a good major at a good university. If we cannot obtain both, the first thing to consider is a good major, because no matter where we study, we can still achieve a lot in a certain field if we try our best.‎ 范文4‎ Recently, the students of Senior 3 in our school have had a discussion about whether we should have classes on weekends.‎ ‎30% of them think they should have classes on weekends because the College Entrance Examination this year will be held in June, and students should make full use of free time to review what they have learnt.‎ Another 30% are against the idea of having classes on weekends. They believe students should have a good rest on weekends so that they can study more effectively during the weekdays.‎ The other 40% of the students don’t agree with either of the ideas above. In their opinion, study and rest are both important for students. They suggest one day of the ‎ weekend should be used to study and during the other day they have a rest.‎ 范文5‎ Film or book, which do you prefer?‎ Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the book in the original. The reason is that it takes less time to understand the whole story. Besides, the film is usually more interesting, and it is easier to follow. Some others have just the opposite opinion. They think that they can get more detailed information from the original. Meanwhile, the language in the book is possibly more lively and beautiful.‎ Personally, I agree with the second view. Actually I have more reasons for it. I think I can stay at home, reading quietly in a situation of my own, and what's more, I am able to better understand the author's ideas. In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it.‎ 范文6‎ Dear Jack,‎ How nice to hear from you again. You want to know what is going on in our school. In short, things have been improving since the school began to carry out exploring study. In the past, the teachers always kept on explaining the points in class. We students just listened and took notes. But now we often discuss and try to solve the problems raised by the teachers or ourselves. After class, we enjoyed different kinds of activities instead of doing endless homework. For example, we can read what we are interested in. We can go to the library or surf the Internet for various kinds of information.‎ In a word, we are now masters of study, and we are happy.‎ Best wishes,‎ Li Ming 范文7‎ Changes in the Ways People Spent Their Holidays ‎ The ways people spent their holidays have changed greatly recently.‎ In 2002, 35% of people spent their holidays at home. The number dropped greatly to 10% in 2006. It seems that people have more time and more money to enjoy the outside world than before.‎ The graph shows that the number of people spending their holiday traveling abroad increased. Compared with 15% in 2002, the rate in 2006 rose to 25 %. Because people now have much more money than before, they can afford to travel abroad, and the rate may continue to rise in the near future.‎ From the graph we can also see that the number of people going to the seaside remained nearly the same, while the number of people who go camping rose from 10 % in 2002 to 30 % in 2006. The reason may be that people become tired of the city life and want to be close to nature.‎