2014年陕西高考英语试题及答案详解

2014年陕西高考英语试题及答案详解

‎2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（陕西卷）‎ 第一部分：英语知识运用（共四节，满分55分）‎ 第一节 语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）‎ 从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。‎ ‎1. open ‎ A. become B. across C. lonely D. balcony ‎2. teacher A. great B. heavy C. idea D. disease ‎3. physics A. pleasure B. music C. sure D. increase ‎4. weather A. warmth B. method C. theory D. breathe ‎5. brown A. however B. sorrow C. knowledge D. owner 第二节 情景对话（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）‎ ‎ 根据对话情景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有两个为多余选项。‎ Linda: hello, George. 6 ‎ George: Hi, Linda. I’m reading a tourist guide to Europe.‎ Linda: 7 ‎ George: Yes, I’m looking forward to such a trip. Hey, have you ever been there?‎ Linda: Yes, I’ve actually visited many countries in Europe: France, Germany, Italy and Austria, for example. ‎ George: 8 And how lone did you stay?‎ Linda: Two years ago. For over one month.‎ George: Did you like it?‎ Linda: 9 There’re many ancient churches and castles. It’s the best trip I’ve ever taken.‎ George: Sounds great. 10 ‎ Linda: Good idea. You won’t regret it.‎ A. Of course.‎ B. Not exactly.‎ C. What are you doing?‎ D. When did you go there?‎ E. Do you plan to move to Europe?‎ F. Are you thinking of visiting Europe some day?‎ G. I decide to make the trip next October on my annual leave.‎ 第三节 语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ ‎ 从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。‎ ‎11. —I got that job I wanted at the public library.‎ ‎— ! That’s good news.‎ A. Go ahead B. Cheers C. Congratulations D. Come on ‎12. It’s quite hot today. Do you feel like for a swim?‎ A. to go B. going C. go D. having gone ‎13. Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position.‎ A. that B. which C. as D. what ‎14. The Scottish girl blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.‎ A. by B. of C. in D. with ‎15. the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.‎ A. Why B. When C. That D. What ‎16.—You know, I met my girlfriend’s parents for the first time only yesterday.‎ ‎— ? I thought you’d met them before.‎ A. So what B. Pardon C. Really D. What for ‎ ‎17. No sooner stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.‎ A. had Mo Yan B. Mo Yan had ‎ C. has Mo Yan D. Mo Yan has ‎18. Ralph W. Emerson would always new ideas that occurred to him.‎ A. set off B. set about C. set up D. set down ‎19. village where I was born has grown into town.‎ A. The; a B. A; the C. The. The D. A, a ‎20. the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.‎ A. Working out B. Worked out C. To work out D. Work out ‎21. I’d appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.‎ A. it B. you C. one D. this ‎22. During his stay in Xi’an, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends .‎ A. would recommend B. had recommended C. have recommended D. were recommending ‎23. We would rather our daughter at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.‎ A. would stay B. has stayed C. stayed D. stay ‎24. The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left I could ask for their names.‎ A. while B. before C. after D. since ‎25. My book, The House of Hades, is missing. Who have taken it?‎ A. need B. must C. should D. could 第四节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。‎ It was Mother’s Day and I was shopping at the local supermarket with my five-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were 26 , we realized that only minutes earlier an 27 woman had fallen over at the entrance and hit her head on the ground. 28 was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock. 29 , a lot of people stopped to help out.‎ ‎ 30 we were walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very 31 about what had happened to the elderly couple. He 32 to me, “Mom, it’s not much fun falling over in front of 33 .” Seeing that there was a flower stall（摊位）at the front of the supermarket, he added, “Why shouldn’t we 34 the lady a flower? It will make her feel better.” I was 35 that he’d come up with this 36 idea. So we went over and told the flower seller 37 we wanted. “Just take it,” she replied. “I 38 take your money for such a wonderful 39 .”‎ By now medical staff had arrived, and were 40 the injured woman. We gave the flower to the woman’s husband and I told him it was 41 my son. At that, the old man started crying and said, “Thank you very much.” He then turned to me, “You have a 42 son. Happy Mother’s Day to you.”‎ The man bent down and gave his wife the flower, telling her who it was from. 43 being badly hurt, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with 44 in her eyes and gave him a little 45 . ‎ ‎26. A. leaving B. driving C. moving D. stopping ‎27. A. injured B. awkward C. honest D. elderly ‎28. A. Her husband B. My son C. The crowd D. The seller ‎29. A. Specifically B. Particularly C. Interestingly D. Fortunately ‎30. A. If B. Since C. While D. Unless ‎31. A. guilty B. curious C. angry D. worried ‎32. A. complained B. said C. lied D. responded ‎33. A. no one B. someone C. everyone D. anyone ‎34. A. lend B. bring C. leave D. buy ‎35. A. amazed B. shocked C. puzzled D. concerned ‎36. A. wise B. sweet C. innocent D. crazy ‎37. A. which B. when C. what D. whether ‎38. A. must not B. can’t C. may not D. needn’t ‎39. A. scene B. habit C. flower D. deed ‎40. A. checking with B. looking after C. operating on D. praying for ‎41. A. from B. to C. with D. about ‎42. A. respectful B. cheerful C. successful D. wonderful ‎43. A. Out of B. Regardless of C. Thanks to D. As to ‎44. A. love B. hope C. pity D. pain ‎45. A. idea B. money C. smile D. comfort 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。‎ A Our warming planet is expected to face serious water crises（危机）in the coming decades—which means each nation’s natural resources will be more important than ever.‎ Percent of total land area covered by forests(2011)‎ WORLD AVERAGE ‎ 30.88 ‎ TOP5 AVERAGE ‎ 90.15‎ Freshwater resources, cubic kilometers per year(2011)‎ WORLD AVERAGE ‎ 24.1 ‎ TOP5 AVERAGE ‎ 3,642‎ Freshwater resources, cubic meters per year(2011)‎ WORLD AVERAGE ‎ 6,122 ‎ TOP5 AVERAGE ‎ 244,973‎ ‎1. SURINAME ‎ 94.58‎ REST OF TOP 5‎ ‎2. Micronesia 91.66‎ ‎3. Seychelles 88.48‎ ‎4. Samoa 88.40‎ ‎5. Palau 87.61‎ ‎123. CHINA ‎ 22.47‎ ‎1. BRAZIL ‎ 5,418‎ REST OF TOP 5‎ ‎2. Russian Federation 4,313‎ ‎3. Canada 2,850‎ ‎4. United States 2,818‎ ‎5. CHINA ‎ 2,813‎ ‎1. ICELAND ‎ 532,891‎ REST OF TOP 5‎ ‎2. Guyana 304,723‎ ‎3. Suriname 166,112‎ ‎4. Papua New Guinea 114,216‎ ‎5. Bhutan 106,923‎ ‎102. CHINA ‎ 2,092‎ ‎46. According to the statistics, what is the world average of freshwater resources per person?‎ ‎ A. 244,973 cubic meters. B. 241 cubic kilometers.‎ ‎ C. 3,642 cubic kilometers. D. 6,122 cubic meters.‎ ‎47. Which country or region has the most freshwater resources per year?‎ ‎ A. Guyana. B. Brazil. C. Iceland. D. China.‎ ‎48. Which country or region appears twice on the Top 5 lists?‎ ‎ A. Bhutan. B. Seychelles. C. Canada. D. Suriname.‎ B ‎ When I told my father that I was moving to Des Moines, Iowa, he told me about the only time he had been there. It was in the 1930s, when he was an editor of the literary magazine of Southern Methodist University (SMU) in Dallas, Texas. He also worked as a professor at SMU, and there was a girl student in his class who suffered from a serious back disease. She couldn’t afford the operation because her family was poor.‎ ‎ Her mother ran a boardinghouse in Galveston, a seaside town near Houston, Texas. She was ‎ cleaning out the attic (阁楼) one day when she came accross an old dusty manuscript (手稿). On its top page were the words, “By O. Henry.” It was a nice story, and she sent it to her daughter at SMU, who showed it to my father. My father had never read the story before, but it sounded like O. Henry, and he knew that O. Henry had once lived in Houston. So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston boardinghouse, and had written the story there and left the manuscript behind by accident. My father visited an O. Henry expert at Columbia University in New York, who authenticated the story as O. Henry’s.‎ ‎ My father then set out to sell it. Eventually, he found himself in Des Moines, meeting with Garoner Cowles, a top editor at the Des Moines Register. Cowles loved the story and bought it on the spot. My father took the money to the girl. It was just enough for her to have the operation she so desperately needed.‎ ‎ My father never told me what the O. Henry story was about. But I doubt that is could have been better than his own story.‎ ‎49. Who found the O. Henry’s manuscript?‎ ‎ A. The girl’s mother. B. The author’s father.‎ C. The girl. D. The author.‎ ‎50. Which of the following might explain the fact that the manuscript was found in the attic?‎ A. O. Henry once worked in Houston.‎ B. O. Henry once stayed in Galveston.‎ C. O. Henry once moved to Des Moines.‎ D. O. Henry once taught at SMU.‎ ‎51. The underlined word “authenticated” in Paragraph 2 probably means .‎ ‎ A. named B. treated C. proved D. described ‎52. According to the text, why did the author’s father go to Des Moines?‎ ‎ A. To sell the O. Henry story. B. To meet the author himself.‎ ‎ C. To talk with the O. Henry expert. D. To give money to the girl.‎ C ‎ Why do Americans struggles with watching their weight, while the French, who consume rich food, continue to stay thin? Now a research by Cornell University suggests how life style and decisions about eating may affect weight. Researchers conclude that the French tend to stop eating when they feel full. However, Americans tend to stop when their plate is empty or their favorite TV show is over. ‎ ‎ According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the Frenth see eating as an important part of their life style. They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table, while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans lose the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped. In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and frozen foods for the week. The French, instead, tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers’ markets where they have a choice of fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal. ‎ ‎ After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Don’t Get Fat, decided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to ‎ avoid food. Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym.‎ ‎ In sipte of all these differences, evidence shows that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesity—or extreme overweight—among adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains acceptance and the young reject older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%—and is growing.‎ ‎53. In what way are the French different from Americans according to Dr. Joseph Mercola?‎ ‎ A. They go shopping at supermarkets more frequently.‎ B. They squeeze eating between the other daily activities.‎ C. They regard eating as a key part of their life style.‎ D. The usually eat too much canned and frozen food.‎ ‎54. This text is mainly about the relationship between .‎ ‎ A. Americans and French B. life style and obesity C. children and adults D. fast food and overweight ‎55. This text is mainly developed .‎ ‎ A. by contrast B. by space C. by process D. by classification ‎56. Where does this text probably come from?‎ ‎ A. A TV interview. B. A food advertisement.‎ ‎ C. A health report. D. A book review.‎ D ‎ One afternoon last week, I saw three tearful children from my son’s school being comforted by teachers. That morning, my 11-year-old bad stomach pains, retching(干呕) into a bowl. Talking to other mothers later, I heard about other children with stomachache or difficulty sleeping the night before.‎ ‎ What caused so much pain? Sports day. Sports day might be necessary at a highly-competitive independent school, but not at a village primary school. For the children who can fly like the wind, sports day causes no problem. For those who are overweight or just not good at sport, it is a nightmare（恶梦）. Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the entire school and their parents, it can prove a disaster.‎ ‎ Why do we put our children through this annual suffering? Some may say competition is character building; or it’s taking part, not winning, that’s important; or that it is a tradition of school life. I just felt great pity for those children in tears or in pain.‎ ‎ Team games at the end of sports day produced some close races, wild enthusiasm, lots of shouting—and were fun to watch. More importantly, the children who were not so fast or quick at passing the ball were hidden a little from everyone’s eyes. Some of them also had the thrill of being on the winning side.‎ ‎ I with that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less-competitive event. Perhaps an afternoon of team game, with a few races for fhose who want them, would be less stressful for the children and a lot more fun to watch.‎ ‎57. What can we learn about the author’s son from Paragraph 1?‎ ‎ A. He talked with some mothers.‎ ‎ B. He comforted his classmates.‎ ‎ C. He had difficulty in sleeping.‎ ‎ D. He suffered from stomachache.‎ ‎58. Sports day is still an annual event in this school probably because .‎ ‎ A. this is an independent school ‎ B. it is a tradition of the school ‎ C. it helps children lose weight ‎ D. children enjoy watching sports ‎59. What does the author think about team games?‎ ‎ A. The should include more stressful races.‎ ‎ B. They are acceptable to different children.‎ ‎ C. They should be abandoned at primary schools.‎ ‎ D. They are less fun for those who love running.‎ ‎60. What is the author’s attitude towards sports day?‎ ‎ A. Critical. B. Neutral. C. Positive. D. Ambiguous.‎ 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 根据短文内容，从下框的A~F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。‎ A. Real winners of tourism B. Negative effects of tourism C. Growing tourism in the world D. Developing tourism with caution E. Benefits to the locals from tourism F. Tourism problems and possible solutions.‎ ‎61. ‎ ‎ On the Mediterranean island of Majorea in Spain, the locals are angry. Too late. In the last quarter of the 20th centuty, they obtained profit from foreign visitors wanting to buy up property on their beautiful island. Suddenly it occurred to Majoreans that the island no longer belonged to them. Its 630,000 inhabitants（居民）are increasingly convinced that the 14 million visitors a year are far too much of a good thing. Water is in short supply, pollution is worsening, and there is no affordable housing left for them to buy.‎ ‎62. ‎ ‎ Tourism is the world’s largest and fastest growing industry. In 1950, 25 million people traveled abroad; last year it was 750 million. The World Tourism Organization predicts that 1.6 billion people, by 2020, will travel each year, spending over two trillion.‎ ‎63. ‎ ‎ The host country may not see many benefits. In Thailand, 60% of the $4 billion annual tourism income leaves the country. Tourists arranged by travel companies tend to stay at big foreign-owned hotels, buying few local prodects. Mass tourism (旅游团队) usually leaves little money inside the country and most of the money goes to the airlines, the tour operators, and the foreign hotel owners, who are the final winner of tourism.‎ ‎64. ‎ ‎ These days the industry’s most urgent question may be how to control the flow of tourists. A typical example of this is Italy, where great cultural centers like Florence and Venice can’t handle all the tourists they get every summer. In Florence, its half-million inhabitants have to live with the polution, traffic jam, and crime caused by 11 million visitors a year. Now there’s talk about how to solve these problems, like raising hotel taxes, or even charging admission to some public squares. The idea is to discourage at least some visitors, as well as to pay for cleaning up the mess. ‎ ‎61. ‎ ‎ For many poorer contries, tourism may still offer the best hope for development. The Vietnamese are doing their best to open up their country. Libya has paid $1 million for a study. They all want tourists. Yet if something isn’t done, tourism seems certain to become the victim of its own success. Its effect on the environment is a major concern. For this reason, tourist organizations need to have second thoughts about what exactly they are try to sell.‎ 第三部分：写作（共三节，满分55分）‎ 第一节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 根据下列各句句意和空白之后的汉语提示词，在答题卡指定区域的横线上写出对应单词的正确、完整形式，每空只写一词。‎ ‎66. The first few weeks of this (春天) were unusually cold.‎ ‎67. Take the lift to the (第十) floor, and you will find the gym.‎ ‎68. We can eat out if you like, but I would (更喜欢) to stay in.‎ ‎69. Keep in mind that it is a shame to (浪费) food.‎ ‎70. It was (勇敢的) of Mary to quit her job and start her own business.‎ ‎71. I’m happy that my 80 year old grandma has learned how to (下载) from the Internet.‎ ‎72. They failed to reach a settlement, because they (不同意) too much with each other.‎ ‎73. Men and women must be treated (平等地) in education and employment.‎ ‎74. On June 27, 2012, the Jiaolong reached a (深度) of 7,062 metres in the Pacific Ocean.‎ ‎75. The advertisement for engineers in the local paper attracted many (申请人).‎ 第二节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词出加一个漏词符号（＾），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线（__），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ ‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ ‎ My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting.‎ ‎ One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target. Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky—they were looked like rain!‎ ‎ We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.‎ ‎ That day I didn’t learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!‎ 第三节 书面表达（满分30分）‎ ‎ 假定你是中学生李华。美国一个中学校长代表团即将访问你校并出席英语周的一项活动。请根据写作要点和写作要求写一篇欢迎词。‎ 写作要点：‎ ‎1. 表示对客人的欢迎；‎ ‎ 2. 介绍此项活动（如活动目的、内容等）；‎ ‎ 3. 表达对客人的祝愿。‎ 写作要求：‎ ‎1. 词数不少于100；‎ ‎ 2. 称呼已经给出，请写欢迎词正文；‎ ‎ 3. 不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。‎ Dear American guests,‎ 答案：‎ ‎1~5 CDBDA 6~10 CFDAG 11~15CBADB 16~20CADAC 21~25ABCBD ‎26~30ADADC 31~35DBCDA 36~40BCBDB 41~45ADBAC 46~50DBDAB ‎51~55CACBA 56~60CDBBA 61~65BCAFD ‎ ‎66~75spring tenth prefer waste brave download disagreed equally depth applicants 短文改错：‎ My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted（此处加to）teach me about animals, insects and trees. My uncles all come(came) along with bows and arrows for hunting.‎ ‎ One evening at sunset, we sat by the(删除) fire, have(having) our barbecue. Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate(immediately) jumped up and shot their arrows on(at) the bird. Neither(None) of the arrows hit the target. Suddenly the arrows was(were) flying down at us from the sky—they were looked(删除were或looked) like rain! We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.‎ ‎ That day I didn’t learn much about animals, insects or trees, but(and) I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!‎ 作文：‎ Dear American guests,‎ ‎ On behalf of our school, I would like to express our warm welcome to you. We are lucky to have you here in the middle of our English Week activities.‎ ‎ As scheduled, we have English Talent Show today. The purpose of this programme is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking. The programme consists of the following activities: recitation, singing, word spelling, story telling and so on. The Show will begin at two o’clock this afternoon at the Student Centre. Dear guests, you are welcome to take part in some activities. I hope we students will benefit from your presence.‎ ‎ I sincerely with you a pleasant time with us. Thank you.‎