高考核心考点倒装句教学案

高考核心考点倒装句教学案

高考核心考点 倒装句 六大考试热点:‎ ‎（1）含有否定意义的副词放在句首引起的部分倒装 ‎（2）含有否定意义的连接词置于句首引起的部分倒装 ‎（3） “so（nor, neither）+助动词 + 主语”与“so（nor, neither）+主语+助动词”之间的区别以及与“ so + 主语+ 助动词”的句式区别 ‎（4）省略if的虚拟条件句以had / were / should开头引起的部分倒装 ‎（5）not until置于句首引起后面句子的部分倒装 ‎（6）only短语置于句首引起的部分倒装 助记口诀：‎ 完全倒装：There be 在这里，up 直引主分地。‎ 部分倒装：否定虚拟只well,如此以致也not until。‎ 重要考点： ‎ 完全倒装：（此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时）‎ ‎1、在 “there be” 结构里，there是引导词，主语在be后。‎ ‎ e.g. There is a box on the table.‎ ‎2、在here, there,now等副词开头的某些句子里（要用一般现在时态）。如果主语是人称代词，主语和主要动词的词序不变。‎ ‎ e.g. There goes the bell.‎ ‎ Here is an apple for you.‎ ‎ There she comes.‎ ‎ 另外副词then虽然不是表示地点的词，但是它在句首时也属于这种全部倒装的情况，‎ then引起谓语为 come, follow的句子 Then came a new difficulty. 然后产生了一个新的困难。 ‎ ‎ 3、为了表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词，如 up, down, out, away, in等放在句首，同时把谓语动词(如：go,come, run, lie, be等)放在主语之前。若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。‎ ‎ e.g. Away hurried the boy.‎ ‎ Out rushed the girl.‎ ‎ 4、直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓也常直接倒装。‎ ‎ e.g. “Very well,” said the French student.‎ ‎ 但：若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变。e.g.“Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please.” he said.‎ ‎ 5、当主语较长，谓语很短时，为了使句子平衡把某一成分放在句首，主谓全部倒装。‎ ‎ Gone are my friends from the cotton fields away.‎ ‎ Present at the conference were General Manager, Vice-general Managers and 215directors.‎ ‎ 6、"分词(代词such) + be + 主语"结构。‎ ‎　 Walking at the head of the line was our teacher. Such was the story he told me.‎ ‎ done做形容词在句中做表语时，常把表语放在句首，要用倒装句式。 Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.‎ ‎7、表示地点的介词短语 (如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)放在句首时且主语名词时,要全部倒装。　　‎ ‎ On the top of the hill stands a pine tree. 　In front of the classroom is a playground.‎ ‎ 8、表语放在句首，表语常为形容词，分词，副词，介词短语。要求主语比较长，也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词。句式为：表语＋系动词＋主语（必须是名词） Every important in the farms’ life is the radio weather report. Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. Gone are the days when the teachers were looked down upon. Seriously damaged in the earthquake was the white building in the city. Playing the guitar on the playground are the students from class five and class three. On the both sides of the street are beautiful flowers. South of city are two big lakes. Then followed eight years of the Anti-Japanese War.接着是八年抗战。.‎ ‎ ‎ 部分倒装：‎ ‎9、在以never, little, hardly, not only, few, not, seldom,by no means, in no time,in no way,in no case,at no time,not unit,no sooner, rarely,few not,scarcely等否定副词开头的句子中，采用部分倒装。如不放在句首就不要倒装。‎ ‎ e.g. Little did he say at the meeting.‎ Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army. ‎ Not a word did he say at the last meeting.‎ 在上次会议上他一句话都没说。 ‎ ‎ 比较：I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army.‎ 以No wonder开始的句子不用倒装。 ‎ ‎　　 No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day. ‎ ‎　　难怪他不饿，他整天在吃糖。‎ hardly…when; scarcely…when…; no sooner…than… 可以用正常语序 had hardly done when… did 或用倒装句式Hardly had + 主语+ done when… did 句式。hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。（前倒后不倒） The bell hardly had rung when the class began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began. No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he began to work.‎ not only… but also 如连接两个成分时，不用倒装；连接句子时， 前面的句子要用倒装（前倒后不倒）。 Not only was everything that he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship. Not only is he busy, but also I have a lot of work to do. Not only does he speak English very well, but also he speaks French well.‎ 注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。 Not only you but also I am fond of music.‎ 若hardly, scarcely后接any, ever, at all时，意义类似almost no/ not/ never（几乎不、从不），则无须倒装。　　 ‎ ‎ Hardly any people having been invited went there.‎ Not until放在句首,从句不倒装,主句倒装(前不倒后倒)。‎ Not until last week did they find the lost bike. (简单句)‎ Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time.（复合句)‎ ‎ 10、在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were, had 和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。‎ ‎ e.g. Had I time (= If I had time), I would go and help you.‎ ‎ Were I you (= If I were you), I would go abroad.‎ ‎ Should he come (=If he should come), tell him to ring me up.‎ ‎11、用于以only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。‎ ‎ e.g. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to wrk.‎ ‎ Only in this way can we learn English well.‎ ‎ 注意：如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。‎ ‎ e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this.‎ ‎ Only three of them I saw in the classroom.‎ 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装(前不倒后倒) 　　　 Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.‎ ‎12、在以always, often, well, now and againl,thus,many a time(许多次，时常)等表示方式，频度的状语放在句首，构成部分倒装。‎ ‎ e.g. Often did Uncle Thomas come to my home in the past.‎ ‎ Well do I remember your birthday.‎ ‎ Many a time did the boy go swimming alone.‎ Always did the soldier go to help the villagers.‎ ‎13、“so/such…that”结构中，如果so或such及其修饰部分放在句首，句子需要倒装，目的是为了加强语气。（前倒后不倒）‎ ‎ e.g. So much does the mother worry about her missing son that she can’t sleep at night.‎ ‎ Such was the flood that a large number of people became homeless.‎ So + 形容词、副词及such 置于句首时要倒装。‎ ‎ So happy did he feel. Such was me.‎(我就是这样。)‎ ‎14、重复倒装句型，用在以so, nor, neither开头，表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”、“也这样”；nor, neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。‎ ‎ e.g. I am watching TV. So is she.‎ ‎ My parents didn’t watch TV last night. Neither (Nor) did I.‎ 注：当前面有二个谓语动词，既有肯定又有否定或既有实义动词又有系动词或情态动词时，用So it is/was (the same) with sb.‎ e.g. (1) ---I like football.I don’t like volleyball.‎ ‎ ---So it is with me.‎ ‎ (2) ---He is American and he can’t speak Chisese. ‎ ‎ ---So it with his wife.‎ 部分提前主谓不倒装 1. 由as, however (no matter how), though和be 引起的让步状语从句主谓不倒装,只须把形容词, 副词,分词, 实义动词提前提到as前,且单数可数名词提到主语前时不带冠词。‎ as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。 　　注意： 　　　 1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。 　　　 2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,　 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 　　 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.‎ Tired as he was, he kept on running. Try as I might, I couldn’t lift the box.‎ Child as he was, he could work out the problem. ‎ However hard I try, I can’t understand the question.‎ Close though the union of small particles is, we have found ways of breaking them.‎ Be the rain ever so heavy, I will go there now.‎ Proud as they are, they are afraid to see me.‎ Child as he is, he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠词）‎ ‎ Hard as he worded, he made little progress.‎ ‎⑿___C__, he's honest. ‎ ‎ A. As he is poor　 B. Poor is he　 C. Poor as he is D. Poor as is he ‎2. 表示祝愿的句子中的May倒装 ‎ ‎ e.g. May our country become prosperous and strong!‎ ‎ May you succeed!‎ Long live the People’s Republic of China!‎ 二、03-08年高考真题 ‎1.（2003广东卷，英语，32） The old couple married for 40 years and never once____ with each other. ‎ A. they had quarreled.  B. they have quarreled     ‎ C. have they quarreled    D. had they quarreled. ‎ ‎【解析】句意：这位老夫妻结婚40年了，他们从来没吵过一次架。考查never表否定时，位于句首,引起部分倒装的结构。‎ ‎【答案】C ‎2.（2003上海卷，英语，38）Only when your identity has been checked , .‎ A．you are allowed in B．you will be allowed in ‎ C．will you allow in D．will you be allowed in ‎ ‎【解析】句意：只有你的身份被核实后，你才会被允许进入。考查Only+when从句放在句首时，用部分倒装。‎ ‎【答案】D ‎3.（2004重庆卷，英语，34）I failed in the examination last term and only then ____ the importance of studies. w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m A．I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize ‎ ‎【解析】句意：上学期期末考试我没考及格，只在那时我才意识到学习的重要性。Only修饰状语then位于句首时需使用部分倒装，本句的时态应使用一般过去式。‎ ‎【答案】D ‎4.（2004辽宁卷，英语，26）Maybe you have been to many countries , but nowhere else ___such a beautiful palace.‎ A. can you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find ‎ ‎【解析】句意：也许你去过很多国家，但在任何别的其他地方你都不会见过这么美丽的地方。否定副词nowhere位于句首时，主句谓语部分应使用部分倒装。‎ ‎【答案】A ‎5.（2005全国II，英语，16）Mary never does any reading in the evening ,______.‎ A. so does John B. John does too C. John doesn’t too D. nor does John ‎【解析】句意：玛丽从来不在晚上进行阅读，约翰也不。本题考查倒装，当表示一种否定情况也适于另一人或物时，通常使用neither/nor+助动词、系动词、情态动词+另一人/物。‎ ‎【答案】D ‎6.（2005重庆卷，英语，27）_______, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.‎ A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student ‎【解析】句意：尽管他可能是个沉默寡言的学生，但课下谈论喜爱的歌手时，他话很多。本题考查as引导的让步状语从句的倒装用法，这里的as 相当于though意思是“虽然、尽管”，从句中常使用倒装语序，常把表语成分提到as前面，但应注意被提前的名词前不用冠词a/an,the.‎ ‎【答案】Bw.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m ‎7.（2006重庆卷，英语，24）I have tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means ___with my progress.‎ A. the teacher isn’t satisfied B .is the teacher not satisfied C. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied ‎【解析】句意：我已经非常努力来提高我的英语水平，但老师对我的进步一点也不满意。此题的关键词组是by no means ，当否定的副词或词组位于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。类似的还有little, nor, hardly, scarcely ,no sooner等。‎ ‎【答案】D ‎8.（2006广东卷，英语，33）So difficult ___it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.‎ A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found ‎【解析】句意：发现解决这个问题如此困难，所以我答应向汤姆咨询一下。So位于句首，应使用部分倒装。另外本句用过去时态。‎ ‎【答案】B ‎9.（2006四川卷，英语，28） At the foot of the mountain________.‎ A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village ‎ ‎【解析】句意：山脚下有一处村落。在英语中介词补语或副词作状语位于句首且主语是名词时，应使用完全倒装。注意：若主语是代词，则不倒装。‎ ‎【答案】B ‎10.（2007全国II，英语，11） If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party ,____.‎ A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will ‎【解析】句意：如果乔的妻子不愿参加这次聚会，乔也不去了。本题考查倒装，当表示一种否定情况也适于另一人或物时，通常使用neither/nor+助动词、系动词、情态动词+另一人/物。‎ ‎【答案】B ‎11.（2007上海卷，英语，31）---How was the televised debate last night?‎ ‎------Super! Rarely _____ so much media attention.‎ A. a debate attracted B. did a debate attracted ‎ C. a debate attracted D. attracted a debatew.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m ‎【解析】句意：----昨晚电视播发的辩论会怎么样？ —很棒！很少有一场辩论会引起这么多媒体的关注。否定词或半否定词位于句首时，句子使用部分倒装。‎ ‎【答案】B ‎12.（2007江苏卷，英语，31）----My room gets very cold at night.‎ ‎ ---____________.‎ A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does ‎【解析】句意：---我的房间晚上很冷。-----我的也是。So引导的倒装句表后者与前者相同，用部分倒装。其句中的助动词的选择应和原句保持一致，此句中句子谓语动词为get所以应使用do 的相应形式。‎ ‎【答案】C ‎13.（2007安徽卷，英语，22） Little ____that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.‎ A. he realized B. he didn’t realize C. didn’t realize D. did he realize ‎ ‎【解析】句意：他没意识到他的每一个动作都在我们的观察之中，所以这件事他好像自行其是。否定词或半否定词放在句首，要用部分倒装。‎ ‎【答案】D ‎14.（2007陕西卷，英语，10）_______ that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.‎ A. So successful her business was B. So successful was her business C. So her business was successful D. So was her successful business ‎【解析】句意：玛丽的生意如此成功，以至于她在别的地方建立了新的分店。So后有形容词或副词且位于句首时，应使用部分倒装形式。‎ ‎【答案】B ‎15.（2007辽宁卷，英语，23）I have been living in the United States for twenty years ,but seldom _____ so lonely as now.‎ A. have I felt B. I had felt C. I have felt D. had I felt ‎ ‎【解析】句意：我在美国已经住了20年了，但很少像现在这样孤独。由seldom 可知需要使用部分倒装结构，同时我们不难判断应使用现在时态。‎ ‎【答案】A ‎16.（2008江苏卷,英语，32）______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay ‎ healthy.‎ A. only if; will you B. Only if; you will ‎ C. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will ‎【解析】句意：只有正确饮食，你才能保持身体健康。从句意可知unless不符合题意。D项应在will后加not。Only if 表条件且位于句首，应用部分倒装。‎ ‎【答案】A ‎17.（2008江西卷，英语，31）It was announced that only when the fire was under control ___ to return to their homes.‎ A. the residents would be permitted ‎ B. had the residents been permitted C. would be residents be permitted ‎ D. the residents had been permitted ‎【解析】句意：据宣称只有当火势得到控制的时候，居民们才可以返回家中。Only+when从句放在句首时，用部分倒装。时态应用过去将来时。‎ ‎【答案】Cw.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m ‎18.（2008辽宁卷，英语，35）35. Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and ______.‎ A. I was neither B. neither was I C. I was either D. either was I ‎【解析】句意：比尔对贾森做报告推迟这件事表示不高兴，我也不高兴。考查neither表否定时，位于句首引起部分倒装的结构。Either无此用法。‎ ‎【答案】B ‎19.（2008陕西卷，英语，7）Not until the motorbike looked almost new _________ repairing and cleaning it.‎ A. he stopped B. did he stop C. stopped he D. he did stop ‎【解析】句意：他把摩托车擦洗和修补的和新的一样时才停下来。Not until引导的状语从句位于句首时，主句部分需部分倒装。‎ ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎ 20.（2008上海卷，英语，39） So much of  interest ___ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all. A. offers Beijing B.  Beijing offers C. does Beijing offer D. Beijing does offer ‎【解析】句意：北京旅游景点如此多，以至于游客根本没有时间游完所有地方。考查so….that句型位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。‎ ‎【答案】C ‎21.（2008重庆卷，英语，26）Only when I left my parents for Italy __ how much I loved them.‎ A. I realized B. I had realized ‎ C. had I realized D. did I realize ‎【解析】句意：只有当我离开父母前往意大利，我才意识到我是多么的爱他们。Only引导的状语或状语从句位于句首时，主句需部分倒装。‎ ‎【答案】D