中考介词专题讲解及练习

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中考介词专题讲解及练习

介词 ‎ I. 介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语,表语,补语或介词宾语。‎ ‎   II. 介词归类大全 ‎    一、表示地理位置的介词:‎ ‎      (1)at ,in, on, to ‎        at  (1)表示在小地方;        (2)表示“在……附近,旁边”‎ ‎        in  (1)表示 在大地方;       (2)表示“在…范围之内”。‎ ‎        on 表示毗邻,接壤 ‎        to 表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤 ‎    例句:He arrived the station at ten.‎ ‎          He is sitting the desk.‎ ‎          He arrived Shanghai yesterday.‎ ‎          Jiangsu lies the east of China.‎ ‎          Russia lies the north of China.‎ ‎          Fujian is the south of Jiangsu Province.‎ 注意:表示“树上有……”时,in和on有区别。用on表示这个事物属于树的一部分,但是用in表示这个事物在树上,并不属于树的一部分。‎ 练习:‎ There is an apple the tree and a bird the tree. ‎ ‎      (2)above, over, on 在……上 ‎         above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,与 below相对;‎ ‎         over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触。‎ ‎         on表示某物体上面并与之接触。‎ ‎    例句:The bird is flying my head.‎ ‎          There is a bridge the river.‎ ‎          He put his watch the desk.‎ ‎      (3)below, under 在……下面 ‎         under表示在…正下方 ‎         below表示在……下,不一定在正下方 ‎ ‎    例句 There is a cat the table.‎ ‎         Please write your name the line.‎ ‎    二、表示时间的介词:‎ ‎      (1)in , on,at 在……时 ‎        in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。‎ ‎        如:in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, ‎ ‎            in the morning, in the night, in one’s life , in one’s thirties等。‎ ‎        on表示具体某一天及某一天的早、中、晚。‎ ‎        如:on May 1st, on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on a cold night ‎ ‎            in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。‎ ‎        at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。 ‎ ‎        如: at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of …, ‎ ‎            at the age of …, at Christmas, at night, at noon, at this moment等。‎ ‎        注意:在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如:We meet every day.‎ ‎     练习:‎ ‎1.Tim is going to give his father a surprise ______ Father's Day.(  )‎ A.in B.at C.on D.By ‎2.Some people are used to getting up late ______ a cold morning.(  )‎ A.on B.in C.at D.of ‎ ‎(2)in, after 在……之后 ‎       “in +一段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后;‎ ‎       “after+一段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后;‎ ‎       “after+将来时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后。‎ ‎       例句:My mother will come back in three or four days.‎ ‎             He arrived after five months. ‎ ‎             She will appear after five o’clock this afternoon. ‎ 练习:‎ ‎1.﹣Junior high school days will be over _______ a week.How are you feeling?‎ ‎﹣I'm trying to keep my cool because we've been together ________ three years.(  )‎ A.in;in B.for;in C.in;for D.for;for ‎      (3)from, since 自从……‎ ‎        from仅说明什么时候开始,不说明某动作或情况持续多久;‎ ‎        since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻,通常与完成时连用。‎ ‎        例句:He studied the piano the age of three.‎ ‎              They have lived here 1978.‎ ‎      (4)after, behind 在……之后 ‎        after主要用于表示时间;‎ ‎        behind主要用于表示位置。‎ ‎        例句:We shall leave lunch.‎ ‎              Lucy is hiding an old house.‎ 三、表运动方向的介词:‎ ‎      across, through 通过,穿过 ‎      across表示横过,即从物体表面通过,与on有关;‎ ‎      through穿过,即从物体内部穿过,与in有关。‎ ‎      例句:She swam the river.‎ ‎            He walked the forest.‎ 练习:‎ ‎1.﹣﹣﹣﹣Dad,can we walk____the road now?‎ ‎﹣﹣﹣﹣No,we____.We have to wait until the light turns green.(  )‎ A.across;needn't B.across;mustn't C.through;can't D.through;mustn't ‎    四、表示“在……之间”的介词:‎ ‎      between, among ‎      between指在两个人或两个事物之间;‎ ‎      among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。‎ ‎      例句:There is a football match Class One and Class Two on the playground.‎ ‎            The teacher is standing the students.‎ ‎    五、表示其他意义的介词:‎ ‎      (1)on ,about 关于 ‎      on 表示这本书,这篇文章或演说是严肃的,或学术性的,可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读;‎ ‎      about表示内容较为普通,不那么正式。‎ ‎      例句:There will be a lecture economics this afternoon.‎ ‎            He is writing a book cooking.‎ ‎            He told me a lot his life in the summer vocation.‎ ‎      (2)by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具 ‎       by 以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具;‎ ‎       with 表示用 …工具、手段,一般接具体的工具和手段;‎ ‎       in 表示用…方式,用…语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等;‎ ‎      例句:He makes a living selling newspapers.‎ ‎            He broke the window a stone.‎ ‎            The foreigner spoke to us English.‎ ‎      (3)except, besides 除了 ‎      except 除……之外,不包括在内;‎ ‎      besides 除……之外,包括在内。‎ ‎     例句: Mr. Wang, we went to see the film.(王先生没去)‎ ‎           Mr. Wang, we also went to see the film.(王先生也去了)‎ 练习:‎ ‎1.﹣﹣﹣Are your teacher hard ____ all of you?___ Jerry,because he is much younger than others.(  )‎ A.with,Except B.on,Except C.in,Besides D.on, Besides 一、 单项选择 ‎1.What do you know about the cartoon?‎ ‎﹣﹣﹣Well,it became very popular in western countries________ when the creator of it was only_________.(  )‎ A.in 1990s,in his twenties B.in the 1990s,in his twenties C.in the 1990,in his twenty D.in 1990,in the twenties ‎2.﹣What can I do for you?‎ ‎﹣I hope I have a nice house________a big garden behind it.(  )‎ A.of B.with C.by D.to ‎3.The 3﹣D film The Angry Birds opened in Chinese cinemas________ May 20,2016(  )‎ A.on B.at C.in D.to ‎4.Her birthday is ______winter,the most beautiful season in a year.(  )‎ A.in B.at C.on ‎5.I'd like to hold our next meeting____June 23rd.Is that OK for you?(  )‎ A.in B.at C.on ‎6.Hurry up!The movie will begin________ 10 minutes.(  )‎ A.over B.in C.for D.at ‎7.Look out! Look at the traffic lights ____crossing the road.(  )‎ A.before B.after C.since ‎8.﹣The library near our school isn't open in the evening,so we can go there during the ‎ day.No problem,I'll go with you tomorrow.(  )‎ A.day after day B.in the daytime C.all the time ‎ ‎9.﹣﹣﹣Would you please provide us____some information about the accident?‎ ‎﹣﹣﹣Sure.It happened____the morning of June 5th.(  )‎ A.to;on B.for;in C.with;in D.with;on ‎10.I'm looking after Tom today.He's been in my house______8:00 this morning.(  )‎ A.at B.since C.for D.till ‎11.Stephen Hawking got more than 380,000 followers in two hours ______first message on Weibo.(  )‎ A.before B.since C.after D.until ‎12.Many young people put mobile games______anything else,thinking little of their normal lives.(  )‎ A.along with B.behind C.before D.in front of ‎13.Yingqi Bird Nest Library,the smallest library in the world,was opened to the public in Nanjing's Huashu Village________the World Reading Day this year.(  )‎ A.on B.in C.at D.as ‎14.Jim sits behind me,so I sit________ him.(  )‎ A.at the end of B.in front of C.in the middle of ‎ ‎15.I often go to the bookstore________ Quancheng Road although it's crowded.(  )‎ A.on B.for C.from D.between ‎16.Mr Green is writing________the blackboard.(  )‎ A.in B.on C.at ‎17.﹣Oh,my god! I've left my keys in the room.I'll have to get in_____ the window.‎ ‎﹣﹣It's dangerous.You'd better wait for your mom to come back.(  )‎ A.past B.over C.across D.through ‎18.It's so cold outside.Remember to close the door________you when you leave.(  )‎ A.beside B.before C.with D.behind ‎19.You can buy almost everything________ the Internet,and it's very easy.(  )‎ A.into B.for C.at D.on ‎20.Taiwan lies ______ the east of Fujian,______ the southeast of China.(  )‎ A.on; in B.to; in C.on; to 二. 选词填空 ‎ ‎ try, how, what, if, can, wonderful , much, shop, glass , read, down, put ‎ Tom lived a way from town. One day he went into town to buy something in the shop, and after he bought 1. ________ he wanted, he went into a restaurant and sat 2 . ________ at the table. When he looked round, he saw some old people 3. ________ eyeglasses on before 4. ________ their books, so after lunch he went to a shop to buy 5. ________, too. He walked along the road, and soon found a 6. ________.‎ The man in the shop made him 7. ________ on a lot of glasses, but each time Tom said, “ No, I can’t read with these. ” ‎ The man became 8 . ________ and more puzzled (困惑) . At last he said, “ Excuse me, but 9. ________ you read at all?”‎ ‎“ No, I can’t! ” Tom said, “10. ________ I can read, do you think I will come here to buy glasses? ” ‎ ‎ ‎ 一、单项选择题 ‎1.The"teacher﹣free exam"means that students take their exams________ teachers.Students must be more honest.(  )‎ A.without B.against C.through D.by ‎2.A good student connects what he reads________ what he sees around him.(  )‎ A.for B.with C.in D.on ‎3.Class,let's see who can spell most words _______ these letters.(  )‎ A.at B.into C.on D.with ‎4.Xiaogan is well known ________ the culture of "Xiao".(  )‎ A.in B.for C.at D.on ‎5.The Blacks usually have milk and bread________breakfast.(  )‎ A.for B.on C.about ‎6.If you are planning a trip to a place of interest,you'd better look in your local library________ a book about it.(  )‎ A.on B.at C.to D.for ‎7.When James arrived at the railway station,he tried to look________a place to park his car.(  )‎ A.after B.at C.up D.for ‎8._________ running after success,we have a lot of other interesting things to do in our lives.(  )‎ A.By B.On C.Besides D.Except ‎9.﹣Alice,would you like to go hiking with us?‎ ‎﹣What a pity! I am free every day________today.(  )‎ A.for B.except C.besides D.among ‎10.He borrowed some money________ me and gave it________ the poor man.(  )‎ A.to;for B.for;to C.from;to D.to from ‎11.The local community centre is open________Monday to Saturday.(  )‎ A.in B.from C.for D.on ‎12.It is important ___us to make full use of time.(  )‎ A.for B.of C.with ‎13.I have been in China________1997.(  )‎ A.since B.for C.in D.until ‎14.Although he was _____my opinion,the old professor didn't come up with his own.(  )‎ A.against B.on C.for D.in ‎15.﹣As a nurse,her work goes________taking care of her patients.‎ ‎﹣Yes,she always thinks of others.(  )‎ A.beyond B.beside C.behind D.between ‎16.________Journey to the West,she has also read Little Women.(  )‎ A.Besides B.But C.Except ‎17.Fish can't live___water.(  )‎ A.with B.in C.without D.of ‎18.﹣Have you got the answer _____ the question?‎ ‎﹣Not yet.(  )‎ A.on B.with C.about D.to ‎19.It is necessary ______ us to help our friends out when they meet difficulties.(  )‎ A.to B.of C.with D.for ‎20.Sleeping is a popular way to relax______students.(  )‎ A.on B.among C.about D.between ‎21.Last Sunday,a group of pupils talked happily __a loud voice as they went to the countryside________ bike.(  )‎ A.by; by B.in; on C.in; by ‎22.Please e﹣mail me________ sdshzs666@163.com if you have any questions.(  )‎ A.on B.at C.to ‎23.﹣﹣George,how can you prove(证明)the earth is round?‎ ‎﹣﹣I can't,sir._______,I never said it was.(  )‎ A.Except B.Unless C.Besides D.Including ‎24.At the farewell party,Kobe Bryant said,"________the support of my fans,it would be hard for me to achieve such great success."(  )‎ A.With B.Under C.Through D.Without ‎25.____a sports fan,my brother is looking forward _____the 2016 Olympic Games in Brazil.(  )‎ A.Of;in B.With;for C.For;at D.As;to 二、选词填空 ‎ well, brother, on , ago , I , for , make , needn’t , as , because , much, before ‎ In my spare time, I paint designs on T-shirts. I got the idea two years 1 for my 2 birthday present. The shop wanted $ 20 for a special design 3 a T-shirt, so I decided to do it 4 . I bought a white cotton T-shirt 5 $6 and some paints, and I painted a lion on the front. My brother loved it!‎ Painting T-shirts is great fun. You 6 be a great artist, you can just paint shapes and lines. The T-shirts are the 7 expensive part of my hobby. Also you ‎ have to use special fabric paints and you need to buy good quality brushes.‎ I love my hobby 8 I can make T-shirts that no-one else has. I give a lot of them away 9 presents to my family and friends. Sometimes, I sell them. Since I started, I’ve 10 about 60 T-shirts and each one is different. ‎
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